Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.49
J. J. Clarke, T. D. Reed, C. A. Wilkinson
Abstract Greenhouse transplant production has replaced outdoor plant beds over the last decade resulting in an increased awareness of tobacco seed quality. Although all seeds purchased for greenhou...
{"title":"Development of a Greenhouse Tobacco Seedling Performance Index","authors":"J. J. Clarke, T. D. Reed, C. A. Wilkinson","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.49","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Greenhouse transplant production has replaced outdoor plant beds over the last decade resulting in an increased awareness of tobacco seed quality. Although all seeds purchased for greenhou...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73121483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.26
W. Bailey, L. Fisher, J. W. Wilcut, W. Smith, V. B. Langston
Abstract Field studies were conducted at Oxford, NC in 1997 and 1998 to evaluate tolerance of tobacco to pre-transplant (PRE-T) and postemergence (POST) applications of diclosulam. Tobacco injury w...
{"title":"TOBACCO (NICOTIANA TABACUM) TOLERANCE TO PRE-TRANSPLANT AND POSTEMERGENCE APPLICATIONS OF DICLOSULAM","authors":"W. Bailey, L. Fisher, J. W. Wilcut, W. Smith, V. B. Langston","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Field studies were conducted at Oxford, NC in 1997 and 1998 to evaluate tolerance of tobacco to pre-transplant (PRE-T) and postemergence (POST) applications of diclosulam. Tobacco injury w...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85833514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.6
M. Hartley, J. F. Spears, W. Smith, L. Fisher, J. R. Schultheis
Abstract Seed priming is frequently used in the tobacco seed industry to increase seed germination rate and uniformity and to overcome temperature imposed dormancy. However, it is not known if all seedlots respond equally to priming. This research was conducted to evaluate the influence of temperature, light, and priming on two widely-planted flue-cured cultivars. Experiments were conducted in 1999 and 2000 using the flue-cured tobacco cultivars NC 71 and NC 72. For each cultivar and year, primed and non-primed pelleted seeds from the same seed lot were used. Seeds were germinated at constant 20°C, and alternating 30/20°C, 30/15°C, and 23/20°C in both light and dark environments. The days required to reach 90% germination (D90) and a modified index of synchrony (ISM) were determined. In 1999, priming decreased the rate of germination (higher D90) and reduced ISM for NC 71, but had no effect on speed or uniformity of germination of NC 72 compared with non- primed seeds. Germination of primed seeds of both ...
{"title":"RESPONSE OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO CULTIVARS NC 71 AND NC 72 TO SEED PRIMING: I. LABORATORY EVALUATIONS OF LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON GERMINATION RATE AND SYNCHRONY","authors":"M. Hartley, J. F. Spears, W. Smith, L. Fisher, J. R. Schultheis","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Seed priming is frequently used in the tobacco seed industry to increase seed germination rate and uniformity and to overcome temperature imposed dormancy. However, it is not known if all seedlots respond equally to priming. This research was conducted to evaluate the influence of temperature, light, and priming on two widely-planted flue-cured cultivars. Experiments were conducted in 1999 and 2000 using the flue-cured tobacco cultivars NC 71 and NC 72. For each cultivar and year, primed and non-primed pelleted seeds from the same seed lot were used. Seeds were germinated at constant 20°C, and alternating 30/20°C, 30/15°C, and 23/20°C in both light and dark environments. The days required to reach 90% germination (D90) and a modified index of synchrony (ISM) were determined. In 1999, priming decreased the rate of germination (higher D90) and reduced ISM for NC 71, but had no effect on speed or uniformity of germination of NC 72 compared with non- primed seeds. Germination of primed seeds of both ...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78182225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.35
L. Fisher, G. F. Peedin, W. Smith
Abstract Observations by growers and county extension agents indicate that early-season field growth of flue-cured tobacco transplants produced in float greenhouses is sometimes slower than that of...
种植户和县域推广人员的观察表明，浮式大棚生产的烤烟移栽早季大田生长有时比浮式大棚生产的烤烟移栽慢。
{"title":"FACTORS AFFECTING EARLY FIELD GROWTH OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO TRANSPLANTS PRODUCED IN THE FLOAT SYSTEM","authors":"L. Fisher, G. F. Peedin, W. Smith","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Observations by growers and county extension agents indicate that early-season field growth of flue-cured tobacco transplants produced in float greenhouses is sometimes slower than that of...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77004822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.30
L. Fisher, W. Smith
Abstract The effect of sulfentrazone application and combination with clomazone or pendimethalin on weed control and phytotoxicity in flue-cured tobacco was evaluated. Weed control from sulfentrazone ranged from 50 to 100% for yellow nutsedge, 17 to 100% for morningglory, 75 to 100% for pigweed, and 64 to 85% for crabgrass. Improved weed control through tank mix combinations of sulfentrazone with clomazone or pendimethalin compared to sulfentrazone alone was observed only on crabgrass. When soil moisture was low at and immediately following transplanting, weed control was reduced with a pretranspant, soil-surface treatment (PRE-T) of sulfentrazone compared to a preplant incorporated treatment (PPI). Stunting from sulfentrazone was observed at five of 18 locations. Stunting ranged from 0– 30% with sulfentrazone alone, 1 to 30% with sulfentrazone plus clomazone, and 4 to 49% with sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin. Stunting was no greater than 13% from PRE-T applications compared to a maximum of 49% with PPI ...
{"title":"EFFECT OF SULFENTRAZONE APPLICATION AND COMBINATION WITH CLOMAZONE OR PENDIMETHALIN ON WEED CONTROL AND PHYTOTOXICITY IN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO","authors":"L. Fisher, W. Smith","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effect of sulfentrazone application and combination with clomazone or pendimethalin on weed control and phytotoxicity in flue-cured tobacco was evaluated. Weed control from sulfentrazone ranged from 50 to 100% for yellow nutsedge, 17 to 100% for morningglory, 75 to 100% for pigweed, and 64 to 85% for crabgrass. Improved weed control through tank mix combinations of sulfentrazone with clomazone or pendimethalin compared to sulfentrazone alone was observed only on crabgrass. When soil moisture was low at and immediately following transplanting, weed control was reduced with a pretranspant, soil-surface treatment (PRE-T) of sulfentrazone compared to a preplant incorporated treatment (PPI). Stunting from sulfentrazone was observed at five of 18 locations. Stunting ranged from 0– 30% with sulfentrazone alone, 1 to 30% with sulfentrazone plus clomazone, and 4 to 49% with sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin. Stunting was no greater than 13% from PRE-T applications compared to a maximum of 49% with PPI ...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79317923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.44
R. L. Ellis, G. Morgan, G. Rhodes, T. Mueller
Abstract The use of no-till tobacco production systems provides opportunities to minimize soil erosion and reduce production costs. Based on the potential benefits associated with no-till in tobacco production and additional weed management opportunities available, research was initiated to evaluate tobacco crop growth, yield, and quality as well as new weed management opportunities in no-till tobacco production. In this study, wheat was planted as a winter cover crop and destroyed prior to transplanting in order to obtain three wheat residue levels. Medium and high wheat residue levels were obtained by applying a pre-plant burn-down herbicide at either 30 or 15 d before planting, respectively, with no subsequent tillage operations during the growing season. The low wheat residue treatment consisted of conventional tillage operations used to incorporate wheat residue and prepare the seed bed for tobacco transplanting. Two pre-emergence herbicide programs (sulfentrazone + clomazone and sulfentrazone + pend...
{"title":"COVER CROP MANAGEMENT IN NO-TILL TOBACCO","authors":"R. L. Ellis, G. Morgan, G. Rhodes, T. Mueller","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.44","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of no-till tobacco production systems provides opportunities to minimize soil erosion and reduce production costs. Based on the potential benefits associated with no-till in tobacco production and additional weed management opportunities available, research was initiated to evaluate tobacco crop growth, yield, and quality as well as new weed management opportunities in no-till tobacco production. In this study, wheat was planted as a winter cover crop and destroyed prior to transplanting in order to obtain three wheat residue levels. Medium and high wheat residue levels were obtained by applying a pre-plant burn-down herbicide at either 30 or 15 d before planting, respectively, with no subsequent tillage operations during the growing season. The low wheat residue treatment consisted of conventional tillage operations used to incorporate wheat residue and prepare the seed bed for tobacco transplanting. Two pre-emergence herbicide programs (sulfentrazone + clomazone and sulfentrazone + pend...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84814449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.11
M. Hartley, W. Smith, J. F. Spears, L. Fisher, J. R. Schultheis
Abstract Experiments were conducted over two years to determine the effects of priming on the performance of flue-cured tobacco cultivars, NC 71 and NC 72, in a greenhouse float system. Primed and ...
{"title":"RESPONSE OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO CULTIVARS NC 71 AND NC 72 TO SEED PRIMING: II. INFLUENCE ON TRANSPLANT PRODUCTION UNDER VARIABLE FLOAT-SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS","authors":"M. Hartley, W. Smith, J. F. Spears, L. Fisher, J. R. Schultheis","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Experiments were conducted over two years to determine the effects of priming on the performance of flue-cured tobacco cultivars, NC 71 and NC 72, in a greenhouse float system. Primed and ...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77527611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.21
J. LaMondia, R. Horváth
Abstract Experiments were conducted in shade and broadleaf tobacco to determine the best means of obtaining thorough spray coverage. Sprayers evaluated included hand-held guns, backpack sprayers, m...
{"title":"EVALUATION OF SPRAYERS AND SPRAY COVERAGE ON CONNECTICUT CIGAR WRAPPER TOBACCO","authors":"J. LaMondia, R. Horváth","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-45.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Experiments were conducted in shade and broadleaf tobacco to determine the best means of obtaining thorough spray coverage. Sprayers evaluated included hand-held guns, backpack sprayers, m...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74530500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.19
J. Rideout, D. Gooden
Abstract The advent of greenhouse seedling production has resulted in the production of transplants with a different type of root system and growth habit at the time of transplant compared to tradi...
摘要:温室育苗技术的出现，导致了移栽植株移栽时根系类型和生长习惯与传统栽培不同。
{"title":"EFFECTS OF STARTER FERTILIZER, GRANULAR PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER, TIME OF FERTILIZATION, AND SEEDLING PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION ON FLUE-CURED TOBACCO GROWTH AND NUTRITION","authors":"J. Rideout, D. Gooden","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The advent of greenhouse seedling production has resulted in the production of transplants with a different type of root system and growth habit at the time of transplant compared to tradi...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74961930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.11
L. Reynolds, B. Ball-Coelho, J. Potter
Abstract The root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) can cause significant reduction in tobacco yield and quality. This nematode also is a parasite of cereal rye (Secale cereale), which is a common rotation crop in tobacco areas. Row fumigation prior to transplanting tobacco in the spring is practiced by >95% of Ontario growers to control nematode populations. Planting of Tagetes sp. (marigold) also reduces nematode populations, and when used instead of rye as a rotation crop with tobacco, can provide an alternative to chemical fumigation. Field trials were conducted from 1996 to 1998 to compare the impacts of marigold rotation vs. a traditional fall rye rotation crop, with and without chemical fumigation, on flue-cured tobacco yield, quality, and cost of production. Both the marigold rotation and the non-fumigated rye rotation resulted in slightly less early season N available in the following tobacco crop year compared to the rye + fumigation check. Plant height in July and days to flowering, both...
{"title":"ROTATION WITH TAGETES SP. FOR CONTROL OF ROOT-LESION NEMATODES AFFECTS FLUE-CURED TOBACCO GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY, AND COST OF PRODUCTION","authors":"L. Reynolds, B. Ball-Coelho, J. Potter","doi":"10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) can cause significant reduction in tobacco yield and quality. This nematode also is a parasite of cereal rye (Secale cereale), which is a common rotation crop in tobacco areas. Row fumigation prior to transplanting tobacco in the spring is practiced by >95% of Ontario growers to control nematode populations. Planting of Tagetes sp. (marigold) also reduces nematode populations, and when used instead of rye as a rotation crop with tobacco, can provide an alternative to chemical fumigation. Field trials were conducted from 1996 to 1998 to compare the impacts of marigold rotation vs. a traditional fall rye rotation crop, with and without chemical fumigation, on flue-cured tobacco yield, quality, and cost of production. Both the marigold rotation and the non-fumigated rye rotation resulted in slightly less early season N available in the following tobacco crop year compared to the rye + fumigation check. Plant height in July and days to flowering, both...","PeriodicalId":10257,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Tobacco Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86857347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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