Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.3788/col202321.092701
Wei-Hang Zhang, Ying-hao Ye, Lei Zeng, Enze Li, Jing-Yuan Peng, D. Ding, B. Shi
One of the major difficulties in realizing a high-dimensional frequency converter for conventional optical vortex (COV) stems from the difference in ring diameter of COV modes with different topological charge numbers l. Here, we implement a high-dimensional frequency convertor for perfect optical vortex (POV) modes with invariant size through the four-wave mixing (FWM) process by utilizing Bessel-Gaussian beams instead of Laguerre-Gaussian beams. The measured conversion efficiency from 1530 nm to 795 nm is independent of l at least in subspace of {-6,...,6}, and the achieved conversion fidelities for two-dimensional (2D) superposed POV states exceed 97%. We further realize the frequency conversion of 3D, 5D and 7D superposition states with fidelities as high as 96.70%, 89.16% and 88.68%, respectively. The reported scheme is implemented in hot atomic vapor, it's also compatible with the cold atomic system and may find applications in high-capacity and long-distance quantum communication.
{"title":"High-dimensional frequency conversion in a hot atomic system","authors":"Wei-Hang Zhang, Ying-hao Ye, Lei Zeng, Enze Li, Jing-Yuan Peng, D. Ding, B. Shi","doi":"10.3788/col202321.092701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.092701","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major difficulties in realizing a high-dimensional frequency converter for conventional optical vortex (COV) stems from the difference in ring diameter of COV modes with different topological charge numbers l. Here, we implement a high-dimensional frequency convertor for perfect optical vortex (POV) modes with invariant size through the four-wave mixing (FWM) process by utilizing Bessel-Gaussian beams instead of Laguerre-Gaussian beams. The measured conversion efficiency from 1530 nm to 795 nm is independent of l at least in subspace of {-6,...,6}, and the achieved conversion fidelities for two-dimensional (2D) superposed POV states exceed 97%. We further realize the frequency conversion of 3D, 5D and 7D superposition states with fidelities as high as 96.70%, 89.16% and 88.68%, respectively. The reported scheme is implemented in hot atomic vapor, it's also compatible with the cold atomic system and may find applications in high-capacity and long-distance quantum communication.","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84942117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.041601
Depeng Wang, R. Niu, L. Cui, Weitian Wang
{"title":"Effect of Ba/Sr ratio on the nonlinear optical properties of Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (x = 0.1–0.9) thin films","authors":"Depeng Wang, R. Niu, L. Cui, Weitian Wang","doi":"10.3788/col202321.041601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.041601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73545556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.071203
Erse Jia, C. Xie, N. Xiao, F. Courvoisier, Minglie Hu
In the femtosecond two-photon polymerization (2PP) experimental system, optical aberrations degrade the fabrication quality. To solve this issue, a multichannel interferometric wavefront sensing technique is adopted in the adaptive laser processing system with a single phase-only spatial light modulator. 2PP fabrications using corrected high-order Bessel beams with the above solution have been conducted, and high-quality microstructure arrays of microtubes with 20 μ m diameter have been rapidly manufactured. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by comparing the beam intensity distributions and 2PP results before and after aberration corrections.
{"title":"Two-photon polymerization of femtosecond high-order Bessel beams with aberration correction","authors":"Erse Jia, C. Xie, N. Xiao, F. Courvoisier, Minglie Hu","doi":"10.3788/col202321.071203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.071203","url":null,"abstract":"In the femtosecond two-photon polymerization (2PP) experimental system, optical aberrations degrade the fabrication quality. To solve this issue, a multichannel interferometric wavefront sensing technique is adopted in the adaptive laser processing system with a single phase-only spatial light modulator. 2PP fabrications using corrected high-order Bessel beams with the above solution have been conducted, and high-quality microstructure arrays of microtubes with 20 μ m diameter have been rapidly manufactured. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by comparing the beam intensity distributions and 2PP results before and after aberration corrections.","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73138352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.081101
Zhe Sun, Tong Tian, Suk-Sim Oh, Jiang-Shan Wang, G. Cheng, Xuelong Li
In this study, we propose an underwater ghost-imaging scheme using a modulation pattern combining offset-position pseudo-Bessel-ring (OPBR) and random binary (RB) speckle pattern illumination. We design the experiments based on modulation rules to order the OPBR speckle patterns. We retrieve ghost images by OPBR beam with different modulation speckle sizes. The obtained ghost images have a better contrast-to-noise rate compared to RB beam ghost imaging under the same conditions. We verify the results both in the experiment and simulation. In addition, we also check the image quality at different turbidities. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the OPBR speckle pattern also provides better image quality in other objects. The proposed method promises wide applications in highly scattering media
{"title":"Underwater ghost imaging with pseudo-Bessel-ring modulation pattern","authors":"Zhe Sun, Tong Tian, Suk-Sim Oh, Jiang-Shan Wang, G. Cheng, Xuelong Li","doi":"10.3788/col202321.081101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.081101","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we propose an underwater ghost-imaging scheme using a modulation pattern combining offset-position pseudo-Bessel-ring (OPBR) and random binary (RB) speckle pattern illumination. We design the experiments based on modulation rules to order the OPBR speckle patterns. We retrieve ghost images by OPBR beam with different modulation speckle sizes. The obtained ghost images have a better contrast-to-noise rate compared to RB beam ghost imaging under the same conditions. We verify the results both in the experiment and simulation. In addition, we also check the image quality at different turbidities. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the OPBR speckle pattern also provides better image quality in other objects. The proposed method promises wide applications in highly scattering media","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79957840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.061301
Zixian Guo, Bei Yan, J. Liu
Interface states are widely applied in waveguide devices. However, previous studies failed to achieve photonic and phononic interface states independent of each other in the same crystal structure depending on the behavior of the crystal structure, i.e
{"title":"Photonic and phononic interface states based on sunflower-type crystals [Invited]","authors":"Zixian Guo, Bei Yan, J. Liu","doi":"10.3788/col202321.061301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.061301","url":null,"abstract":"Interface states are widely applied in waveguide devices. However, previous studies failed to achieve photonic and phononic interface states independent of each other in the same crystal structure depending on the behavior of the crystal structure, i.e","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79569843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.081402
Jinhu Long, Jiayi Zhang, Hongxiang Chang, Qi Chang, Yu Deng, Zixin Yang, Jian Wu, R. Su, Yanxin Ma, P. Ma, P. Zhou
We experimentally demonstrated a cascaded internal phase control technique. A laser array with 12 channels was divided into three sub-arrays and a stage array, and phases of the sub-arrays and the stage array were locked by four phase controllers based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, respectively. In this way, the phases of the whole array were locked, and the visibility of the interference pattern of the whole emitted laser array in the far field was ∼ 93%. In addition, the technique has the advantage of element expanding and can be further used in the high-power coherent beam combination (CBC) system due to its compact spatial structure
{"title":"Coherent combining of a fiber laser array via cascaded internal phase control technique","authors":"Jinhu Long, Jiayi Zhang, Hongxiang Chang, Qi Chang, Yu Deng, Zixin Yang, Jian Wu, R. Su, Yanxin Ma, P. Ma, P. Zhou","doi":"10.3788/col202321.081402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.081402","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally demonstrated a cascaded internal phase control technique. A laser array with 12 channels was divided into three sub-arrays and a stage array, and phases of the sub-arrays and the stage array were locked by four phase controllers based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, respectively. In this way, the phases of the whole array were locked, and the visibility of the interference pattern of the whole emitted laser array in the far field was ∼ 93%. In addition, the technique has the advantage of element expanding and can be further used in the high-power coherent beam combination (CBC) system due to its compact spatial structure","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79313373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.103601
Tianyue Zhang, Zhiyuan Wang, Xiangchao Zhong, Ying Che, Xiangping Li
In this Letter, we report on the investigations of nonlinear scattering of plasmonic nanoparticles by manipulating ambient environments. We create different local thermal hosts for gold nanospheres that are immersed in oil, encapsulated in silica glass and also coated with silica shells. In terms of regulable effective thermal conductivity, silica coatings are found to contribute significantly to scattering saturation. Benefitting from the enhanced thermal stability and the reduced plasmonic coupling provided by the shell-isolated nanoparticles, we achieve super-resolution imaging with a feature size of 52 nm ( λ = 10), and we can readily resolve pairs of nanoparticles with a gap-to-gap distance of 5 nm.
{"title":"Photothermal nonlinear scattering of shell-isolated gold nanoparticles and applications in super-resolution imaging","authors":"Tianyue Zhang, Zhiyuan Wang, Xiangchao Zhong, Ying Che, Xiangping Li","doi":"10.3788/col202321.103601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.103601","url":null,"abstract":"In this Letter, we report on the investigations of nonlinear scattering of plasmonic nanoparticles by manipulating ambient environments. We create different local thermal hosts for gold nanospheres that are immersed in oil, encapsulated in silica glass and also coated with silica shells. In terms of regulable effective thermal conductivity, silica coatings are found to contribute significantly to scattering saturation. Benefitting from the enhanced thermal stability and the reduced plasmonic coupling provided by the shell-isolated nanoparticles, we achieve super-resolution imaging with a feature size of 52 nm ( λ = 10), and we can readily resolve pairs of nanoparticles with a gap-to-gap distance of 5 nm.","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81117594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.3788/col202321.011402
Wenfu Yu, Xuyi Zhao, Shixian Han, A. Du, Ruotao Liu, C. Cao, Jin-yi Yan, Jin Yang, Hua Huang, Hai-long Wang, Qian Gong
We report the InAs/GaAs quantum dot laterally coupled distributed feedback (LC-DFB) lasers operating at room temperature in the wavelength range of 1.31 μ m. First-order chromium Bragg gratings were fabricated alongside the ridge waveguide to obtain the maximum coupling coefficient with the optical field. Stable continuous-wave single-frequency operation has been achieved with output power above 5 mW/facet and side mode suppression ratio exceeding 52 dB. Moreover, a single chip integrating three LC-DFB lasers was tentatively explored. The three LC-DFB lasers on the chip can operate in single mode at room temperature, covering the wavelength span of 35.6 nm.
{"title":"InAs/GaAs quantum dot laterally coupled distributed feedback lasers at 1.3 μm","authors":"Wenfu Yu, Xuyi Zhao, Shixian Han, A. Du, Ruotao Liu, C. Cao, Jin-yi Yan, Jin Yang, Hua Huang, Hai-long Wang, Qian Gong","doi":"10.3788/col202321.011402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.011402","url":null,"abstract":"We report the InAs/GaAs quantum dot laterally coupled distributed feedback (LC-DFB) lasers operating at room temperature in the wavelength range of 1.31 μ m. First-order chromium Bragg gratings were fabricated alongside the ridge waveguide to obtain the maximum coupling coefficient with the optical field. Stable continuous-wave single-frequency operation has been achieved with output power above 5 mW/facet and side mode suppression ratio exceeding 52 dB. Moreover, a single chip integrating three LC-DFB lasers was tentatively explored. The three LC-DFB lasers on the chip can operate in single mode at room temperature, covering the wavelength span of 35.6 nm.","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74329255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this Letter, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a directly modulated tunable laser based on the multi-wave-length distributed feedback (DFB) laser array. The lasers are placed in series to avoid the usage of an optical combiner and additional power loss. A three-section design is utilized to reduce the interference from other lasers and improve the electro-optic response bandwidth. Besides, the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique is used to simplify the grating fabrication and precisely control the grating phase. We realized 12 channels with 100 GHz spacing with high side mode suppression ratios of above 50 dB. The output power of all the channels is above 14 mW. The 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth is above 20 GHz at a bias current of 100 mA for all four lasers. A 25 Gb/s data transmission over a standard single-mode fiber of up to 10 km is demonstrated for all 12 channels, and 50 Gb/s data per wavelength is obtained through the four-level pulse amplitude modulation. The proposed directly modulated tunable in-series DFB laser array shows the potential for a compact and low-cost light source for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, such as next-generation front-haul networks and passive optical networks.
{"title":"Directly modulated 25 Gbaud/s tunable in-series DFB laser array for WDM systems","authors":"Zhenxing Sun, Yaguang Wang, Rulei Xiao, Leilei Wang, Yangyang Gong, Y. Chiu, Xiangfei Chen","doi":"10.3788/col202321.011403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/col202321.011403","url":null,"abstract":"In this Letter, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a directly modulated tunable laser based on the multi-wave-length distributed feedback (DFB) laser array. The lasers are placed in series to avoid the usage of an optical combiner and additional power loss. A three-section design is utilized to reduce the interference from other lasers and improve the electro-optic response bandwidth. Besides, the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique is used to simplify the grating fabrication and precisely control the grating phase. We realized 12 channels with 100 GHz spacing with high side mode suppression ratios of above 50 dB. The output power of all the channels is above 14 mW. The 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth is above 20 GHz at a bias current of 100 mA for all four lasers. A 25 Gb/s data transmission over a standard single-mode fiber of up to 10 km is demonstrated for all 12 channels, and 50 Gb/s data per wavelength is obtained through the four-level pulse amplitude modulation. The proposed directly modulated tunable in-series DFB laser array shows the potential for a compact and low-cost light source for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, such as next-generation front-haul networks and passive optical networks.","PeriodicalId":10293,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Optics Letters","volume":"289 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74395291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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