The world economic and fi nancial crisis that seriously hit the global economy and especially its trade and transport sectors in the years 2008–2009 also aff ected with signifi cant force the global maritime container transport. This strategic maritime transport subsector is regarded as a driving force of smooth development of the global logistics supply chains and the backbone accelerating globalization processes. However, since 2010 eff ective demand and potential supply on the global container freight market are in constant state of disequilibrium, caused to a large extend by wrong tonnage investment strategies of container operators. Lack of ability to adapt the supply side to changes occurring on the demand side of the container market has brought numerous serious fi nancial and economic consequences which not only aff ected the global container shipping operators but also hit other parties involved in the logistics supply chains spread within the global logistics space created in the contemporary global economy. Purpose: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the dynamics of global maritime container market, especially its demand side which fl uctuates vigorously, and assess the short and medium term strategies applied by the powerful shipping operators in terms of their multi-channel impact on the other parties of the global intermodal supply chain and the global logistics system as a whole. Methodology: The traditional method of maritime freight analysis was applied based on container freight and charter indices, such as SCFI or HFI. They refl ect the amplitude of freight rate per TEU fl uctuations in a certain period of time (e.g. quarter, week, etc.) which is congruent with the eff ective demand changes confronted with the existing potential supply. Growth of tonnage capacity, determined by the global container shipping operators’ strategies aimed for further development and better utilization of the existing transport potential of container fl eet acting on the very competitive global freight market, has been assessed in terms of logistics eff iciency and its eff ects have been estimated within the global value chain. Findings: The obtained results indicate that: 1/ global maritime container transport market is still signifi cantly unbalanced and subject to high dynamics of demand fl uctuations, and consequently freight rates, 2/ applied strategies of maritime global container operators in the operational and investment area fail to bring intended results, leading to strong capital horizontal integration in the sector of maritime container transport and vertical integration within the global logistic supply chains, 3/ the situation destabilizes the operations of global supply chains and consequently the global TSL sector, preventing forwarders and shippers from taking rational decisions on a medium and short term basis, 4/ this relatively long-standing situation (from 2010) shakes the foundations of 35 GLOBAL CONTAINER SHIPPIN
{"title":"GLOBAL CONTAINER SHIPPING OPERATORS’ STRATEGIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAINS","authors":"A. Grzelakowski","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2018.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2018.147","url":null,"abstract":"The world economic and fi nancial crisis that seriously hit the global economy and especially its trade and transport sectors in the years 2008–2009 also aff ected with signifi cant force the global maritime container transport. This strategic maritime transport subsector is regarded as a driving force of smooth development of the global logistics supply chains and the backbone accelerating globalization processes. However, since 2010 eff ective demand and potential supply on the global container freight market are in constant state of disequilibrium, caused to a large extend by wrong tonnage investment strategies of container operators. Lack of ability to adapt the supply side to changes occurring on the demand side of the container market has brought numerous serious fi nancial and economic consequences which not only aff ected the global container shipping operators but also hit other parties involved in the logistics supply chains spread within the global logistics space created in the contemporary global economy. Purpose: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the dynamics of global maritime container market, especially its demand side which fl uctuates vigorously, and assess the short and medium term strategies applied by the powerful shipping operators in terms of their multi-channel impact on the other parties of the global intermodal supply chain and the global logistics system as a whole. Methodology: The traditional method of maritime freight analysis was applied based on container freight and charter indices, such as SCFI or HFI. They refl ect the amplitude of freight rate per TEU fl uctuations in a certain period of time (e.g. quarter, week, etc.) which is congruent with the eff ective demand changes confronted with the existing potential supply. Growth of tonnage capacity, determined by the global container shipping operators’ strategies aimed for further development and better utilization of the existing transport potential of container fl eet acting on the very competitive global freight market, has been assessed in terms of logistics eff iciency and its eff ects have been estimated within the global value chain. Findings: The obtained results indicate that: 1/ global maritime container transport market is still signifi cantly unbalanced and subject to high dynamics of demand fl uctuations, and consequently freight rates, 2/ applied strategies of maritime global container operators in the operational and investment area fail to bring intended results, leading to strong capital horizontal integration in the sector of maritime container transport and vertical integration within the global logistic supply chains, 3/ the situation destabilizes the operations of global supply chains and consequently the global TSL sector, preventing forwarders and shippers from taking rational decisions on a medium and short term basis, 4/ this relatively long-standing situation (from 2010) shakes the foundations of 35 GLOBAL CONTAINER SHIPPIN","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121315637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This conceptual paper is an attempt to outline positive leadership and its sub-dimensions. Several progressive theories on positive leadership have observed that, the understanding, developmental process and implementation of positive leadership still remains largely under-researched by scholars from both the fi elds of leadership and positive psychology. Researchers have identifi ed that good job performance is strongly related to positive style of leadership. The aim of this article is to highlight varied concepts of positive leadership and its meaning. Positive leadership is bascially about respecting people with whom we work, recognising their competencies, contributions, and acknowledging the fact that they are our fi rst customer with whom we do business. It is also about how they shape optimisim as part of the organisational culture over time, formulate positive strategy, introduce positive organisational design and develop available talent using their strengths into potential human capital. Method: A descriptive methodology was adopted to explore the available literature. The paper presents the concepts of positive leadership, leadership theories that form part of the positive leadership style, approaches and dimensions to positive leadership. They are defi ned and equated along with similar relationships with other leadership theories or concepts such as transformational, authentic and servant leadership. Findings: The review of literature indicated many similiarities and associations between concepts of positive leadership and leadership behaviour styles. It also found strong relationship between positive leadership behaviour and outcomes such as performace, satisfaction, trust, empowerment, engagement and other critical behaviours that make organisations both eff ective and eff icient.
{"title":"DRIVING PERFORMANCE THROUGH POSITIVE LEADERSHIP","authors":"Sunil Kumar Ramdas, H. Patrick","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2018.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2018.146","url":null,"abstract":"This conceptual paper is an attempt to outline positive leadership and its sub-dimensions. Several progressive theories on positive leadership have observed that, the understanding, developmental process and implementation of positive leadership still remains largely under-researched by scholars from both the fi elds of leadership and positive psychology. Researchers have identifi ed that good job performance is strongly related to positive style of leadership. The aim of this article is to highlight varied concepts of positive leadership and its meaning. Positive leadership is bascially about respecting people with whom we work, recognising their competencies, contributions, and acknowledging the fact that they are our fi rst customer with whom we do business. It is also about how they shape optimisim as part of the organisational culture over time, formulate positive strategy, introduce positive organisational design and develop available talent using their strengths into potential human capital. Method: A descriptive methodology was adopted to explore the available literature. The paper presents the concepts of positive leadership, leadership theories that form part of the positive leadership style, approaches and dimensions to positive leadership. They are defi ned and equated along with similar relationships with other leadership theories or concepts such as transformational, authentic and servant leadership. Findings: The review of literature indicated many similiarities and associations between concepts of positive leadership and leadership behaviour styles. It also found strong relationship between positive leadership behaviour and outcomes such as performace, satisfaction, trust, empowerment, engagement and other critical behaviours that make organisations both eff ective and eff icient.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130918903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to present the warehouse location as one of the key decision problems in logistics, a critical analysis of the centre of gravity method (commonly known and widely used) and to propose the more advanced methods to support the decision process in this area described in the contemporary publications on operational research, such as: AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), Simos’ method and entropy method. Methodology: The above purpose was realised by analysing the literature both from the logistics area, especially from one of its areas of activity which is warehousing and from operational research on the use of methods to support the warehouse location decision-making processes was made. Findings: The article outlines the warehouse location as one of the key decision problems in the area of logistics. It presents centre of gravity approach described in the literature of logistics and shows its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, because the warehouse location is multicriteria decision problem, the more advanced methods from the area of operational research were suggested, such as: AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), Simos’ method and entropy method. Implications: The methods proposed in the article allow to take many criteria into consideration in the warehouse location process and also make it more objective.
{"title":"MULTICRITERIA OPTIMISATION METHODS IN LOGISTICS ON THE EXAMPLE OF WAREHOUSE LOCATION","authors":"Leszek Reszka","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2018.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2018.145","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to present the warehouse location as one of the key decision problems in logistics, a critical analysis of the centre of gravity method (commonly known and widely used) and to propose the more advanced methods to support the decision process in this area described in the contemporary publications on operational research, such as: AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), Simos’ method and entropy method. Methodology: The above purpose was realised by analysing the literature both from the logistics area, especially from one of its areas of activity which is warehousing and from operational research on the use of methods to support the warehouse location decision-making processes was made. Findings: The article outlines the warehouse location as one of the key decision problems in the area of logistics. It presents centre of gravity approach described in the literature of logistics and shows its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, because the warehouse location is multicriteria decision problem, the more advanced methods from the area of operational research were suggested, such as: AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), Simos’ method and entropy method. Implications: The methods proposed in the article allow to take many criteria into consideration in the warehouse location process and also make it more objective.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129433252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agnieszka Szmelter-Jarosz, Katarzyna Osiecka-Brzeska
Purpose: Research paper identifies the current trends in the logistics support of the global pharmaceutical industry, including CSR activities. Research results can be a good reference point for decision-makers in the fields of logistics management. The subject matter of the paper is based mainly on the comparison of logistics practices in the area of CSR in the pharmaceutical industry supply chains. Methodology: To achieve the research goal stated for this study, two research procedures were chosen and implemented:1) documents review (triangulation of sources); 2) literature review with the use of Boolean logic and the chosen procedure, valid for socio-economic research. Findings: This paper points out that the set of methods and tools used in logistics support of the CSR activities overlap in some part the set of methods and tools for core business activity (commercial sales of medicines). Implications for practice: Research results can be a good reference point for decision-makers in the fields of logistics management and CSR of the pharmaceutical industry. Originality/value: This paper is the first about logistics support of CSR activities in the pharmaceutical industry. It shows the similarities and differences between the support of the basic, primary activities and CSR ones. It can be the basis for further theoretical and empirical research.
{"title":"LOGISTICS SUPPORT OF CSR ACTIVITIES IN THE GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR","authors":"Agnieszka Szmelter-Jarosz, Katarzyna Osiecka-Brzeska","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2018.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2018.149","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Research paper identifies the current trends in the logistics support of the global pharmaceutical industry, including CSR activities. Research results can be a good reference point for decision-makers in the fields of logistics management. The subject matter of the paper is based mainly on the comparison of logistics practices in the area of CSR in the pharmaceutical industry supply chains. Methodology: To achieve the research goal stated for this study, two research procedures were chosen and implemented:1) documents review (triangulation of sources); 2) literature review with the use of Boolean logic and the chosen procedure, valid for socio-economic research. Findings: This paper points out that the set of methods and tools used in logistics support of the CSR activities overlap in some part the set of methods and tools for core business activity (commercial sales of medicines). Implications for practice: Research results can be a good reference point for decision-makers in the fields of logistics management and CSR of the pharmaceutical industry. Originality/value: This paper is the first about logistics support of CSR activities in the pharmaceutical industry. It shows the similarities and differences between the support of the basic, primary activities and CSR ones. It can be the basis for further theoretical and empirical research.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"294 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123113251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCES OF ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY STUDENTS","authors":"Angelika Wodecka-Hyjek","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2019.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2019.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124772830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FLEXIBILITY AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE – OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS","authors":"Katarzyna Januszkiewicz","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2019.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123449486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomasz Seweryniak, A. Stosik, A. Leśniewska, Gabriel Łasiński
Purpose: The paper presents a theoretical model of vocational competencies of professional team-sports coaches. The model is a theoretical background for a wider research project of which the main aim is to improve standards of professional competences for volleyball coaches in Poland. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify vocational competences through reviewing opinions of experts. Methodology: Theoretical model of vocational competencies of professional team-sports coaches was built and verified on the ground of the literature review method and afterwards compared and verified with four expert opinions gained through individual in-depth interviews. Findings: The model consists of three components: knowledge, skills and behaviour, as well as three levels of competencies: basic, complementary and leadership. It has been stated that there is no advantage for any of three levels of competences in a group of the most successful volleyball coaches in Poland, and that a relatively strong impact of behaviour among other competencies’ components was observed. Therefore, all significant conclusions of the theoretical model and research outcomes are discussed.
{"title":"COMPETENCES OF PROFESSIONAL VOLLEYBALL TEAM COACHES IN THE OPINION OF EXPERTS","authors":"Tomasz Seweryniak, A. Stosik, A. Leśniewska, Gabriel Łasiński","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2018.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2018.140","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The paper presents a theoretical model of vocational competencies of professional team-sports coaches. The model is a theoretical background for a wider research project of which the main aim is to improve standards of professional competences for volleyball coaches in Poland. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify vocational competences through reviewing opinions of experts. Methodology: Theoretical model of vocational competencies of professional team-sports coaches was built and verified on the ground of the literature review method and afterwards compared and verified with four expert opinions gained through individual in-depth interviews. Findings: The model consists of three components: knowledge, skills and behaviour, as well as three levels of competencies: basic, complementary and leadership. It has been stated that there is no advantage for any of three levels of competences in a group of the most successful volleyball coaches in Poland, and that a relatively strong impact of behaviour among other competencies’ components was observed. Therefore, all significant conclusions of the theoretical model and research outcomes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123628375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The main aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of how Polish Sport Federations (PSF) function in the opinion of athletes who represent the country in various sporting disciplines. The following research questions were posed: in what way do PSFs support athletes representing the country in selected sporting disciplines? Do members of national teams have an influence on the activity of PSFs and what is their satisfaction in that matter? Methodology: The research consisted of two parts: individual in-depth interviews (N=10) and a diagnostic survey based on a questionnaire study (N=102). The research included athletes in both individual and team Olympic sporting disciplines. Findings: PSFs strive to support their athletes mainly in terms of providing them with sport equipment, organizing and coordinating competitions and training camps, as well as health care, however the low level of engagement of PSFs was noted in marketing and providing information, as well as in financial support for athletes. Athletes declared high expectations regarding the transparency of their federations as well as better decision-making and access to information Implications: Polish Olympic athletes expect from the PSFs that represent them an approach based on partnership as well as consideration of their strategic position as a group of key stakeholders. PSFs thus seem to face a serious challenge to transform their approach in how they relate and communicate with their key stakeholders and to recognize that it is essential to ensure their satisfaction with their cooperation.
{"title":"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE POLISH SPORT FEDERATIONS IN ATHLETES’ OPINION","authors":"A. Leśniewska, A. Stosik, Gabriel Łasiński","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2018.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2018.141","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of how Polish Sport Federations (PSF) function in the opinion of athletes who represent the country in various sporting disciplines. The following research questions were posed: in what way do PSFs support athletes representing the country in selected sporting disciplines? Do members of national teams have an influence on the activity of PSFs and what is their satisfaction in that matter? Methodology: The research consisted of two parts: individual in-depth interviews (N=10) and a diagnostic survey based on a questionnaire study (N=102). The research included athletes in both individual and team Olympic sporting disciplines. Findings: PSFs strive to support their athletes mainly in terms of providing them with sport equipment, organizing and coordinating competitions and training camps, as well as health care, however the low level of engagement of PSFs was noted in marketing and providing information, as well as in financial support for athletes. Athletes declared high expectations regarding the transparency of their federations as well as better decision-making and access to information Implications: Polish Olympic athletes expect from the PSFs that represent them an approach based on partnership as well as consideration of their strategic position as a group of key stakeholders. PSFs thus seem to face a serious challenge to transform their approach in how they relate and communicate with their key stakeholders and to recognize that it is essential to ensure their satisfaction with their cooperation.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130850608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The main purpose this article is to assess how individuals react to firms that up hold activities in corporate social responsibilities. In the aftermath of the economic crisis, a new form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is emerging. To restore the trust of capitalism as a system and for companies, social responsibility has gained lots of attention. There are several diverse ways firms can demonstrate responsibility for society, for example through sponsorship responsibility for the environment or responsibility for firms’ employees, partners and suppliers. Methodology: The survey utilised the use of both primary and secondary data. Published articles, websites and other credible sources were utilised in assessing the findings from the previous researchers. Also, raw data was collected from a selected sample of individuals in both employees’, investors’ and customers’ perspectives. Finding: The results the study shows that there are high levels of compliance between social activity and competence have a positive impact on customers’ perception of the company’s goodwill and integrity but do not affect how customers assess company's core competence.
{"title":"USING OUR COMPETENCE WHEN WE INCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY","authors":"Kassaye Deyassa","doi":"10.12775/jpm.2018.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jpm.2018.142","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main purpose this article is to assess how individuals react to firms that up hold activities in corporate social responsibilities. In the aftermath of the economic crisis, a new form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is emerging. To restore the trust of capitalism as a system and for companies, social responsibility has gained lots of attention. There are several diverse ways firms can demonstrate responsibility for society, for example through sponsorship responsibility for the environment or responsibility for firms’ employees, partners and suppliers. Methodology: The survey utilised the use of both primary and secondary data. Published articles, websites and other credible sources were utilised in assessing the findings from the previous researchers. Also, raw data was collected from a selected sample of individuals in both employees’, investors’ and customers’ perspectives. Finding: The results the study shows that there are high levels of compliance between social activity and competence have a positive impact on customers’ perception of the company’s goodwill and integrity but do not affect how customers assess company's core competence.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127540545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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