Purpose: This article discusses cooperation of Polish higher education institutions (HEIs) with their environment and offers a way of measuring these activities. The concept and scope of the third stream are discussed and selected model and indicators of measuring HEIs’ activities in this field are presented. The Author suggests Indicator of Cooperation with Environment (ICE) in order to measure levels of HEIs’ interaction with the world around them. Methodology: The article draws on relevant literature both from Poland and abroad. In order to verify the proposed ICE indicator empirically, a survey was carried out among 100 heads of Polish HEIs. The results of the survey were analysed by using tools of descriptive statistics, and presented according to HEI types. Findings: The results show correlation between the ICE level and HEI type. The highest level of ICE is observed in public academic HEIs, which makes them stand out as a group as against the other types of HEIs. A signifi cantly lower level of ICE is identified in the case of state vocational HEIs and private HEIs, which makes them a homogeneous group in terms of ICE. Originality: As can be seen in the literature, the issue of how to measure HEIs’ third stream is rarely raised at a conceptual level and, consequently, in empirical research. The ICE indicator proposed in this article is based on simple indicators which are easy to operationalise and which reflect activities involving teaching, research, academic entrepreneurship as well as HEI management. Validation has confirmed that ICE is effective in achieving the intended measurement goals.
{"title":"Cooperation of higher education institutions with environment. Selected issues on measurement of HEIs' third stream activities","authors":"Agnieszka Piotrowska-Piątek","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.121","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This article discusses cooperation of Polish higher education institutions (HEIs) with their environment and offers a way of measuring these activities. The concept and scope of the third stream are discussed and selected model and indicators of measuring HEIs’ activities in this field are presented. The Author suggests Indicator of Cooperation with Environment (ICE) in order to measure levels of HEIs’ interaction with the world around them. Methodology: The article draws on relevant literature both from Poland and abroad. In order to verify the proposed ICE indicator empirically, a survey was carried out among 100 heads of Polish HEIs. The results of the survey were analysed by using tools of descriptive statistics, and presented according to HEI types. Findings: The results show correlation between the ICE level and HEI type. The highest level of ICE is observed in public academic HEIs, which makes them stand out as a group as against the other types of HEIs. A signifi cantly lower level of ICE is identified in the case of state vocational HEIs and private HEIs, which makes them a homogeneous group in terms of ICE. Originality: As can be seen in the literature, the issue of how to measure HEIs’ third stream is rarely raised at a conceptual level and, consequently, in empirical research. The ICE indicator proposed in this article is based on simple indicators which are easy to operationalise and which reflect activities involving teaching, research, academic entrepreneurship as well as HEI management. Validation has confirmed that ICE is effective in achieving the intended measurement goals.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117010659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The paper proposes the conceptual framework for understanding the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on companies viewed as the source of institutional pressure. According to the neo-institutional approach the response to institutional change leads to the organizational isomorphism, which means that companies adopt new rules and design and in result become similar following the same managerial practice. The adoption of new designs and practice represents the case of the diffusion and institutionalization of change in formal organization structure. Methodology/approach: The study is of theoretical character. It adopts the contribution proposed by the neo-institutional theory and CSR literature. Findings: The paper ties diffusion process of different CSR modes – defensive, charitable, promotional, strategic, systemic – and strategies with three isomorphism mechanisms - mimetic, coercive and normative. Further the study outlines future research opportunities. Practical implications: We argue that the most mature CSR practice represented by systemic mode is institutionalized from within organization through normative isomorphic pressures rather than as a result of coercive power or mimetic efforts.
{"title":"Institutional Isomorphism and Corporate Social Responsibility : Towards a Conceptual Model","authors":"Maria Roszkowska‐Menkes, M. Aluchna","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.007","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The paper proposes the conceptual framework for understanding the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on companies viewed as the source of institutional pressure. According to the neo-institutional approach the response to institutional change leads to the organizational isomorphism, which means that companies adopt new rules and design and in result become similar following the same managerial practice. The adoption of new designs and practice represents the case of the diffusion and institutionalization of change in formal organization structure. Methodology/approach: The study is of theoretical character. It adopts the contribution proposed by the neo-institutional theory and CSR literature. Findings: The paper ties diffusion process of different CSR modes – defensive, charitable, promotional, strategic, systemic – and strategies with three isomorphism mechanisms - mimetic, coercive and normative. Further the study outlines future research opportunities. Practical implications: We argue that the most mature CSR practice represented by systemic mode is institutionalized from within organization through normative isomorphic pressures rather than as a result of coercive power or mimetic efforts.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130925142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to point out the challenges in the performance management of older workers. The awareness of the necessity to develop and implement HRM policy raises questions about the application of relevant practices. Methodology: Literature review, viewpoint. Findings: Both the cognitive and physical capabilities of employees aged 50 and above can pose some challenges for their employer. The specificity of workers aged 50 and above and the conditions for their effectiveness is the subject of many studies within the frontiers of medical psychology and management sciences. Organizations that make a conscious effort to shape human resource management in the direction of managing their performance must take account of their strengths and weaknesses, especially if they are a significant part of the workforce. Implications for practice: The social and demographic changes that have occurred in Western as well as Polish societies have forced employers to take into account the characteristics of the work of people aged 50+. An employer employing older staff should shape working conditions conducive to stimulating their performance and utilizing their strengths. Originality/value: The article includes recommendations for practical application drawn from theoretical reflections, which can be an inspiration to break stereotypes and contribute to the increase old workers’ performance.
{"title":"The Strengths and Weaknesses of Employees 50+ in Terms of Managing Individual Performance","authors":"Wojciech Ulrych, Marzena Syper-Jędrzejak","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this paper is to point out the challenges in the performance management of older workers. The awareness of the necessity to develop and implement HRM policy raises questions about the application of relevant practices. Methodology: Literature review, viewpoint. Findings: Both the cognitive and physical capabilities of employees aged 50 and above can pose some challenges for their employer. The specificity of workers aged 50 and above and the conditions for their effectiveness is the subject of many studies within the frontiers of medical psychology and management sciences. Organizations that make a conscious effort to shape human resource management in the direction of managing their performance must take account of their strengths and weaknesses, especially if they are a significant part of the workforce. Implications for practice: The social and demographic changes that have occurred in Western as well as Polish societies have forced employers to take into account the characteristics of the work of people aged 50+. An employer employing older staff should shape working conditions conducive to stimulating their performance and utilizing their strengths. Originality/value: The article includes recommendations for practical application drawn from theoretical reflections, which can be an inspiration to break stereotypes and contribute to the increase old workers’ performance.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132336841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose : This study aims to identify multicultural competences (behaviours, knowledge and attitudes) specific for teaching culturally diverse students belonging to different nationalities and ethnicities, discuss their essence and importance. Methodology/approach : To explore understanding of multicultural competences a case study approach was applied. Qualitative research was based on the students’ feedback survey containing open ended questions. Findings : The results of the study allow to answer the research question which multicultural competences are key for teachers. From a students’ perspective teachers should be aware of special needs of individuals from different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, they should apply this knowledge to specific teaching strategies and interpersonal cues to create a supportive classroom atmosphere and to cater the needs of diverse students. Implications : The current focus in the well-established tradition of teaching and learning in India is not only on the development of professional competences, achieving higher levels of commitment and motivation, but also building multicultural competences. Today’s classrooms require teachers to teach students with different cultures, languages, abilities and other characteristics. The framework of developing core multicultural competences should be built based on perspective of different groups of stakeholders. Originality/value of the paper : The results have special added value in defining key multicultural competences of academic teachers and building framework of teaching competences in global context.
{"title":"A Qualitative Study of Students' Perception on Multicultural Competence of Academic Teachers in India","authors":"K. Ludwikowska","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.009","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose : This study aims to identify multicultural competences (behaviours, knowledge and attitudes) specific for teaching culturally diverse students belonging to different nationalities and ethnicities, discuss their essence and importance. Methodology/approach : To explore understanding of multicultural competences a case study approach was applied. Qualitative research was based on the students’ feedback survey containing open ended questions. Findings : The results of the study allow to answer the research question which multicultural competences are key for teachers. From a students’ perspective teachers should be aware of special needs of individuals from different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, they should apply this knowledge to specific teaching strategies and interpersonal cues to create a supportive classroom atmosphere and to cater the needs of diverse students. Implications : The current focus in the well-established tradition of teaching and learning in India is not only on the development of professional competences, achieving higher levels of commitment and motivation, but also building multicultural competences. Today’s classrooms require teachers to teach students with different cultures, languages, abilities and other characteristics. The framework of developing core multicultural competences should be built based on perspective of different groups of stakeholders. Originality/value of the paper : The results have special added value in defining key multicultural competences of academic teachers and building framework of teaching competences in global context.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125335400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The main aim of the study is to identify the competences and characteristics of a contemporary Polish manager working in the international markets either directly or indirectly (in Polish enterprises) and then to compare that profile with that of the Polish manager proposed by J. Penc in 2001. There are many models of managerial competence, however, this model was chosen for several reasons: - it is far enough in time but not so far to be drastically different; - it is a model of early Polish market economy; currently the market shows symptoms of a mature economy, so both can be juxtaposed; - it comprehensively covers "hard" and "soft" competences; - shows the actual state of market in 2001 and the probabist state for 2010, which, in combination with current research, provides an overview of changes and directions of evolution; - it is a model for a market economy that is intensively searching for its opportunities in connection with the globalization process of the economy. Such an action is to bring the following results: - the creation of a personal-competence profile of the contemporary Polish manager; Comparison and analysis of differences in the personal-competence profile over the past sixteen years; - the ability to develop a characteristics and competencies profile of the manager of the future; - the emergence of a Polish model, which will allow foreign researchers to have a basis for comparison with the existing (or emerging) models of managerial competencies from other countries. The study is the result of empirical research and comparative studies. Methodology/approach : Own empirical research has been conducted for the development of this study. The research instruments applied in this study was self-administered questionnaire and researcher-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted on a group of 90 managers from micro, small and medium enterprises in 2014-2017 (55 companies). These managers are experienced in international business. The companies they manage are co-operating with at least one foreign market for several years. This cooperation takes place in the following forms: import and export (direct and indirect), production cooperation of project cooperation, strategic alliance or direct foreign investment. The research organizations have a productive, commercial, service and project activity range. There are no virtual-only companies, even though some companies exhibit its features, as they also run wholesale web-based sales of their products. All the researched organizations are in contact with different cultures and diverse environments. An analysis of subject literature was carried out, both on retrospective and current works. A critical comparative analysis was performed. Findings: This study is a comparative analysis of the managerial characteristics and competences profile of the Polish manager over the last sixteen years. The directions of evolv
{"title":"Characteristics and Competences of a Contemporary Polish Manager Working in International Markets","authors":"B. Glinkowska","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.011","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main aim of the study is to identify the competences and characteristics of a contemporary Polish manager working in the international markets either directly or indirectly (in Polish enterprises) and then to compare that profile with that of the Polish manager proposed by J. Penc in 2001. There are many models of managerial competence, however, this model was chosen for several reasons: - it is far enough in time but not so far to be drastically different; - it is a model of early Polish market economy; currently the market shows symptoms of a mature economy, so both can be juxtaposed; - it comprehensively covers \"hard\" and \"soft\" competences; - shows the actual state of market in 2001 and the probabist state for 2010, which, in combination with current research, provides an overview of changes and directions of evolution; - it is a model for a market economy that is intensively searching for its opportunities in connection with the globalization process of the economy. Such an action is to bring the following results: - the creation of a personal-competence profile of the contemporary Polish manager; Comparison and analysis of differences in the personal-competence profile over the past sixteen years; - the ability to develop a characteristics and competencies profile of the manager of the future; - the emergence of a Polish model, which will allow foreign researchers to have a basis for comparison with the existing (or emerging) models of managerial competencies from other countries. The study is the result of empirical research and comparative studies. Methodology/approach : Own empirical research has been conducted for the development of this study. The research instruments applied in this study was self-administered questionnaire and researcher-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted on a group of 90 managers from micro, small and medium enterprises in 2014-2017 (55 companies). These managers are experienced in international business. The companies they manage are co-operating with at least one foreign market for several years. This cooperation takes place in the following forms: import and export (direct and indirect), production cooperation of project cooperation, strategic alliance or direct foreign investment. The research organizations have a productive, commercial, service and project activity range. There are no virtual-only companies, even though some companies exhibit its features, as they also run wholesale web-based sales of their products. All the researched organizations are in contact with different cultures and diverse environments. An analysis of subject literature was carried out, both on retrospective and current works. A critical comparative analysis was performed. Findings: This study is a comparative analysis of the managerial characteristics and competences profile of the Polish manager over the last sixteen years. The directions of evolv","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125976258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study gives insights on the organizational health practices applied in Ugandan universities of the central region. The paper examined four subdimensions of the construct through the use of the data obtained from eight hundred twenty (N=820) randomly selected sample of volunteers from the six universities that have been in existence for the last fifteen (15) years. The data were gathered using a 25- items adopted and adapted from the previous studies reviewed, a Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree (1-5) was used based on by Keller and Price conception of the construct. Confirmatory Factor analysis a component of structural equation modelling was employed to analyze the four subdimensions of the construct organizational health. The research findings of the empirical cross section survey reflected that there is a relationship between the four factor subdimensions; culture and climate, control and coordination, innovation/invention and accountability even though they are all distinct in nature. Meanwhile, accountability as one of the construct was eliminated from the results in figure 2 due to lower scores in the average variance explained (AVE). The results further exhibited that the four subdimensions of organizational health are reliable and valid measurements of the construct. The data generated was deemed appropriate for the study since structure equation modelling requires a big sample, and fitted the model due to the fact that all the parameter estimates were met. Lastly, the data was analysed through the use of confirmatory factor analysis and the study findings generated are an extension of the previous study findings since there was no similar study done in Uganda especially on higher education using this methodology. The study has greater implications to managers towards improvement of university staff performance and institutional transformation.
{"title":"Examining organizational health practices among universities in the central region of Uganda","authors":"Miiro Farooq, A. Othman, M. Nordin, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.012","url":null,"abstract":"This study gives insights on the organizational health practices applied in Ugandan universities of the central region. The paper examined four subdimensions of the construct through the use of the data obtained from eight hundred twenty (N=820) randomly selected sample of volunteers from the six universities that have been in existence for the last fifteen (15) years. The data were gathered using a 25- items adopted and adapted from the previous studies reviewed, a Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree (1-5) was used based on by Keller and Price conception of the construct. Confirmatory Factor analysis a component of structural equation modelling was employed to analyze the four subdimensions of the construct organizational health. The research findings of the empirical cross section survey reflected that there is a relationship between the four factor subdimensions; culture and climate, control and coordination, innovation/invention and accountability even though they are all distinct in nature. Meanwhile, accountability as one of the construct was eliminated from the results in figure 2 due to lower scores in the average variance explained (AVE). The results further exhibited that the four subdimensions of organizational health are reliable and valid measurements of the construct. The data generated was deemed appropriate for the study since structure equation modelling requires a big sample, and fitted the model due to the fact that all the parameter estimates were met. Lastly, the data was analysed through the use of confirmatory factor analysis and the study findings generated are an extension of the previous study findings since there was no similar study done in Uganda especially on higher education using this methodology. The study has greater implications to managers towards improvement of university staff performance and institutional transformation.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116820830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Main purpose of the article is to present the assumptions, procedures and results of the application of the categorization method, which identifies the degree of fulfilment of the distinguished functions by the assessment systems of competencies of management staff used in the practice of the surveyed enterprises. For the purposes of the article the author assumes that the assessment system of competencies of management staff is creating the complementary arrangement of formalization, diagnostic and motivational functions assessing the level of managerial competencies and inspiring the management staff to accept ethical and efficiency attitudes. Methodology/approach: The research had a regional coverage. The research covered 197 enterprises located in south-eastern Poland, operating in various industries in the Lesser Poland, Silesian and Podkarpackie voivodeships. In order to collect data, an interview method was used. It was carried out with the management staff or the managers of personal departments in the surveyed enterprises. The article presents the essence of the distinguished functions as well as assumptions, procedures and results of implementation of the categorization method which is used to identify the utility of the assessment system of competencies of management staff by determining the degree of fulfilment of the functions by systems applicable in the practice of the surveyed enterprises. Findings: Results of the research confirmed the hypothesis that the assessment systems of Polish enterprises in incomplete range allow for an overall assessment of managerial competencies. Implications: Managerial competencies, as the dynamic structure, are changing, developing or cancelling out. Therefore, these competencies should be assessed as a part of the assessment system in order to identify competency gap, which appearing can prevent execution of current tasks of the enterprise, hinder its development and constitute the barrier strengthening competitive position. Originality/value of the paper: Identifying important issues for the assessment systems of Polish enterprises help in formulating the directions of their improvement.
{"title":"Categorization of assessment system of managerial competencies in Polish enterprises – research results","authors":"Małgorzata Tyrańska","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.010","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Main purpose of the article is to present the assumptions, procedures and results of the application of the categorization method, which identifies the degree of fulfilment of the distinguished functions by the assessment systems of competencies of management staff used in the practice of the surveyed enterprises. For the purposes of the article the author assumes that the assessment system of competencies of management staff is creating the complementary arrangement of formalization, diagnostic and motivational functions assessing the level of managerial competencies and inspiring the management staff to accept ethical and efficiency attitudes. Methodology/approach: The research had a regional coverage. The research covered 197 enterprises located in south-eastern Poland, operating in various industries in the Lesser Poland, Silesian and Podkarpackie voivodeships. In order to collect data, an interview method was used. It was carried out with the management staff or the managers of personal departments in the surveyed enterprises. The article presents the essence of the distinguished functions as well as assumptions, procedures and results of implementation of the categorization method which is used to identify the utility of the assessment system of competencies of management staff by determining the degree of fulfilment of the functions by systems applicable in the practice of the surveyed enterprises. Findings: Results of the research confirmed the hypothesis that the assessment systems of Polish enterprises in incomplete range allow for an overall assessment of managerial competencies. Implications: Managerial competencies, as the dynamic structure, are changing, developing or cancelling out. Therefore, these competencies should be assessed as a part of the assessment system in order to identify competency gap, which appearing can prevent execution of current tasks of the enterprise, hinder its development and constitute the barrier strengthening competitive position. Originality/value of the paper: Identifying important issues for the assessment systems of Polish enterprises help in formulating the directions of their improvement.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116716754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is presentation of the activities of food service companies in the area of social responsibility. In today’s business world, there are many strategies being used to run business. Interest of the topic of corporate social responsibility has growing rapidly. Many companies have started to engage in CSR as strategy in order to gain benefits that can give them an added advantage over their competitors. The corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the company’s strategy, based on the assumption that business is responsible for the society within which it operates. There have been increasing numbers of companies engaged in CSR. CSR is becoming an important issue in the food service business. Nowadays CSR can drive companies to succeed in business by increasing sales volume and brand awareness and also added advantage over their competitors. For this thesis was decided to choose McDonald’s corporation as a case study. This is one of the famous restaurants all over the world. McDonald’s has a good reputation in terms of social responsibility. Hence, the significance of this paper is not only to increase related stakeholders’ understanding of CSR, resulting in the achievement of long term sustainability, but also fill in the academic gap of CSR, especially for catering business in Poland. The main objective of the article will be to find out, how McDonald's implements CSR towards employees, customers, supply partners and the community. Purpose: The aim of this paper is presentation of the activities of food service companies in the area of social responsibility on example of international fast food chain – McDonald’s. Methodology: For this thesis was decided to choose McDonald’s corporation as a case study, empirical, qualitative research method. Findings: Since last year’s McDonald's has been seen to adopt a more proactive strategy on CSR. McDonald’s has set good examples of social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility McDonald’s takes part in: animal welfare, corporate giving/Ronald McDonald House Charities, education scholarships, employment practices for, environmental practices, work with Corporate Social Responsibility Suppliers, Corporate Responsibility McDonald’s Reports. The evidence presents a case that the corporation is implementing CSR policies as a means to greater profitability. It is promoting itself as a notable corporate citizen and has turned CSR around from a cost of doing business into a profitable enterprise and been commended for it. But, McDonalds CSR strategies mostly lay in the overlapping ethics/law area. Originality/value: Hence, the significance of this paper is not only to increase related stakeholders’ understanding of CSR, resulting in the achievement of long term sustainability, but also fill in the academic gap of CSR, especially for catering business in Poland. The demand for results is related to a poor adoption of CSR in small companies, especially in the gastronomy business. There is a
{"title":"The Activities of Foodservice Companies in the Area of Corporate Social Responsibility – on the Example of International Fast Food Chain","authors":"Edyta Gheribi","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.005","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is presentation of the activities of food service companies in the area of social responsibility. In today’s business world, there are many strategies being used to run business. Interest of the topic of corporate social responsibility has growing rapidly. Many companies have started to engage in CSR as strategy in order to gain benefits that can give them an added advantage over their competitors. The corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the company’s strategy, based on the assumption that business is responsible for the society within which it operates. There have been increasing numbers of companies engaged in CSR. CSR is becoming an important issue in the food service business. Nowadays CSR can drive companies to succeed in business by increasing sales volume and brand awareness and also added advantage over their competitors. For this thesis was decided to choose McDonald’s corporation as a case study. This is one of the famous restaurants all over the world. McDonald’s has a good reputation in terms of social responsibility. Hence, the significance of this paper is not only to increase related stakeholders’ understanding of CSR, resulting in the achievement of long term sustainability, but also fill in the academic gap of CSR, especially for catering business in Poland. The main objective of the article will be to find out, how McDonald's implements CSR towards employees, customers, supply partners and the community. Purpose: The aim of this paper is presentation of the activities of food service companies in the area of social responsibility on example of international fast food chain – McDonald’s. Methodology: For this thesis was decided to choose McDonald’s corporation as a case study, empirical, qualitative research method. Findings: Since last year’s McDonald's has been seen to adopt a more proactive strategy on CSR. McDonald’s has set good examples of social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility McDonald’s takes part in: animal welfare, corporate giving/Ronald McDonald House Charities, education scholarships, employment practices for, environmental practices, work with Corporate Social Responsibility Suppliers, Corporate Responsibility McDonald’s Reports. The evidence presents a case that the corporation is implementing CSR policies as a means to greater profitability. It is promoting itself as a notable corporate citizen and has turned CSR around from a cost of doing business into a profitable enterprise and been commended for it. But, McDonalds CSR strategies mostly lay in the overlapping ethics/law area. Originality/value: Hence, the significance of this paper is not only to increase related stakeholders’ understanding of CSR, resulting in the achievement of long term sustainability, but also fill in the academic gap of CSR, especially for catering business in Poland. The demand for results is related to a poor adoption of CSR in small companies, especially in the gastronomy business. There is a","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127087013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between sustainable leadership, talent management and organizational health as predictors of university transformation. This study went further to establish the mediation effect of organizational health as a mediating factor between the exogenous variables (sustainable leadership and talent management) and endogenous variable (university transformation). Research technique and methodology: The study used a cross sectional survey design and the sample of respondents (N=820) was randomly chosen from six universities in which the central region of Uganda. The sample was deemed convenient for this study since the method used for data analysis was structural equation modelling that normally requires a big number of sample population. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze each of the individual constructs used to attain reasonable parameters estimates. The fully fledged structural equation modelling (SEM) was used in the study to analyze the hypothesized structural model and its casual relationships plus the mediation effect between the constructs. Main findings: The findings of the study showed that there is positive relationship between sustainable leadership, talent management and organizational health. However, the relationship between sustainable leadership and university transformation, talent management and university transformation were negatively related. Practical implications: It was recommended to educational practitioners, lecturers and policy makers to use this model to harness university transformation. For researchers, it could be used to do further examination of university transformation on other universities both locally and internationally.
{"title":"Analysing the Relationship Between Sustainable Leadership, Talent Management and Organization Health as Predictors of University Transformation","authors":"Miiro Farooq, A. Othman, M. Nordin, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.003","url":null,"abstract":"Research objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between sustainable leadership, talent management and organizational health as predictors of university transformation. This study went further to establish the mediation effect of organizational health as a mediating factor between the exogenous variables (sustainable leadership and talent management) and endogenous variable (university transformation). Research technique and methodology: The study used a cross sectional survey design and the sample of respondents (N=820) was randomly chosen from six universities in which the central region of Uganda. The sample was deemed convenient for this study since the method used for data analysis was structural equation modelling that normally requires a big number of sample population. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze each of the individual constructs used to attain reasonable parameters estimates. The fully fledged structural equation modelling (SEM) was used in the study to analyze the hypothesized structural model and its casual relationships plus the mediation effect between the constructs. Main findings: The findings of the study showed that there is positive relationship between sustainable leadership, talent management and organizational health. However, the relationship between sustainable leadership and university transformation, talent management and university transformation were negatively related. Practical implications: It was recommended to educational practitioners, lecturers and policy makers to use this model to harness university transformation. For researchers, it could be used to do further examination of university transformation on other universities both locally and internationally.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131703444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the issue of benefits and barriers related to reporting CSR data as standalone reports. This work attempts to examine whether the benefits resulting from the fact that companies are perceived as socially responsible are more impactful for entities that issue standalone CSR reports, as well as whether a standalone report can be a better tool for communicating with internal and external stakeholders. In addition, the study seeks to find out whether there is any difference in the perception of the barriers related to obtaining and publishing non-financial data between companies that are developing standalone reports and those that present this type of data in a different way. Methodology: The study employed the subject literature critical review method and a questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted among companies from the RESPECT index portfolio of the Warsaw Stock Exchange as well as among entities listed in various rankings of socially responsible companies. Findings: The respondents belonging to both groups (issuing and not issuing standalone CSR reports) generally pointed to a similar hierarchy of importance of specific benefits resulting from following CSR policies by the business. However, within the group of entities issuing standalone CSR reports, most of the benefits received a high evaluation. Most of the barriers studied received high indications in the group of companies without standalone reports. The results obtained may indicate that companies that are seen as socially responsible but do not publish a standalone report gain fewer benefits resulting from communication with stakeholders. Research limitation: The work may be affected by the inherent weaknesses associated with survey research which examines rather opinions and views than 'hard data'. Originality: The issue of reporting data in a form of standalone reports and the resulting benefits as well as the barriers faced by companies over the course of preparing CSR reporting is very significant, however, it is still insufficiently researched with regard to the emerging markets. The results obtained can be used for comparative studies of the Polish market and other financial markets since the benefits and barriers to reporting non-financial data as standalone reports are also being identified in other countries.
{"title":"REPORTING CSR DATA – THE BENEFITS AND BARRIERS TO INVOLVEMENT IN THE IDEA OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY","authors":"E. Chojnacka, J. Wiśniewska","doi":"10.12775/JPM.2017.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/JPM.2017.001","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the issue of benefits and barriers related to reporting CSR data as standalone reports. This work attempts to examine whether the benefits resulting from the fact that companies are perceived as socially responsible are more impactful for entities that issue standalone CSR reports, as well as whether a standalone report can be a better tool for communicating with internal and external stakeholders. In addition, the study seeks to find out whether there is any difference in the perception of the barriers related to obtaining and publishing non-financial data between companies that are developing standalone reports and those that present this type of data in a different way. Methodology: The study employed the subject literature critical review method and a questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted among companies from the RESPECT index portfolio of the Warsaw Stock Exchange as well as among entities listed in various rankings of socially responsible companies. Findings: The respondents belonging to both groups (issuing and not issuing standalone CSR reports) generally pointed to a similar hierarchy of importance of specific benefits resulting from following CSR policies by the business. However, within the group of entities issuing standalone CSR reports, most of the benefits received a high evaluation. Most of the barriers studied received high indications in the group of companies without standalone reports. The results obtained may indicate that companies that are seen as socially responsible but do not publish a standalone report gain fewer benefits resulting from communication with stakeholders. Research limitation: The work may be affected by the inherent weaknesses associated with survey research which examines rather opinions and views than 'hard data'. Originality: The issue of reporting data in a form of standalone reports and the resulting benefits as well as the barriers faced by companies over the course of preparing CSR reporting is very significant, however, it is still insufficiently researched with regard to the emerging markets. The results obtained can be used for comparative studies of the Polish market and other financial markets since the benefits and barriers to reporting non-financial data as standalone reports are also being identified in other countries.","PeriodicalId":103376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Positive Management","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115732693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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