Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icemic.1999.871648
H. Singh, R. Garg
The paper briefly touches upon the importance of the EU Directive on EMC and its impact on Indian industry and trade. The paper discusses standardization approach in EMC and reviews standardization efforts at international, regional and national level in the area of EMC. The paper highlights salient recommendations of the DOE committee on EMC recommending enactment of a suitable legislation in India. The Indian Standards on EMC are proposed to be the governing specifications for this purpose.
{"title":"EMC standardization","authors":"H. Singh, R. Garg","doi":"10.1109/icemic.1999.871648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icemic.1999.871648","url":null,"abstract":"The paper briefly touches upon the importance of the EU Directive on EMC and its impact on Indian industry and trade. The paper discusses standardization approach in EMC and reviews standardization efforts at international, regional and national level in the area of EMC. The paper highlights salient recommendations of the DOE committee on EMC recommending enactment of a suitable legislation in India. The Indian Standards on EMC are proposed to be the governing specifications for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122592036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871646
C. Das
Broadband antennas like logperiodic and biconical antennas are used to receive radiated emissions from equipment under test for frequency range 30 MHz to 1000 MHz. This paper presents a case of calibration of antenna factors of 2 sets of broadband antennas (biconical and logperiodic antennas) and 1 set of tunable dipole antennas and their confirmation through measurement of site attenuation of 10 m open area test site using the same. The standard site method as described in ANSI C 63.5-1988 with modification has been used to compute the antenna factors for the frequency range 30 MHz to 1000 MHz. Instead of the attenuators mentioned in ANSI 63.5, an alternative method has been devised to determine site attenuation A1, A2 and A3, thereby eliminating the inaccuracies of the attenuators. The values obtained are found to be within +/- 2 dB of that given by the manufacturer of the antennas. The validity of calibration data has been further confirmed by measuring the normalized site attenuation of a 10 m open area test site of ERTL(E) for a frequency range 30 MHz to 1000 MHz employing these broadband antennas, following the procedure laid down in ANSI C63.4-1992. The results obtained are very encouraging and accurate. They are found within +/- 1.2 dB and +/- 2.4 dB of theoretical values in both horizontal and vertical polarizations respectively.
{"title":"Calibration of broadband antenna and confirmation through measurement at a 10 m site. A case study","authors":"C. Das","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871646","url":null,"abstract":"Broadband antennas like logperiodic and biconical antennas are used to receive radiated emissions from equipment under test for frequency range 30 MHz to 1000 MHz. This paper presents a case of calibration of antenna factors of 2 sets of broadband antennas (biconical and logperiodic antennas) and 1 set of tunable dipole antennas and their confirmation through measurement of site attenuation of 10 m open area test site using the same. The standard site method as described in ANSI C 63.5-1988 with modification has been used to compute the antenna factors for the frequency range 30 MHz to 1000 MHz. Instead of the attenuators mentioned in ANSI 63.5, an alternative method has been devised to determine site attenuation A1, A2 and A3, thereby eliminating the inaccuracies of the attenuators. The values obtained are found to be within +/- 2 dB of that given by the manufacturer of the antennas. The validity of calibration data has been further confirmed by measuring the normalized site attenuation of a 10 m open area test site of ERTL(E) for a frequency range 30 MHz to 1000 MHz employing these broadband antennas, following the procedure laid down in ANSI C63.4-1992. The results obtained are very encouraging and accurate. They are found within +/- 1.2 dB and +/- 2.4 dB of theoretical values in both horizontal and vertical polarizations respectively.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"86 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126267429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871639
M.K. Aravind, T. Parthasarathy, P. Rao, D. C. Pande
An Integrated EMC Mobile Test Facility (IEMTF) has been designed and developed for system level testing of an aircraft in lieu of dedicated Anechoic Test Facility (ATF). This facility essentially consists of Radiated Emission (RE), Radiated Susceptibility (RS), Bulk Current Injection (BCI), and Ground Plane Interference (GPI) test systems, housed in a mobile shielded shelter. In this paper the system level EMC requirements for aircraft testing have been derived from MIL-STD 464 and related documents. Accordingly the IEMTF has been designed to meet these requirements in the absence of a sophisticated ATF. The details of various test systems with their performance and calibration procedures required in the Open Air Test Site (OATS) for aircraft level EMC testing has been critically discussed in this paper.
{"title":"EMC mobile facility for system level testing of an aircraft","authors":"M.K. Aravind, T. Parthasarathy, P. Rao, D. C. Pande","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871639","url":null,"abstract":"An Integrated EMC Mobile Test Facility (IEMTF) has been designed and developed for system level testing of an aircraft in lieu of dedicated Anechoic Test Facility (ATF). This facility essentially consists of Radiated Emission (RE), Radiated Susceptibility (RS), Bulk Current Injection (BCI), and Ground Plane Interference (GPI) test systems, housed in a mobile shielded shelter. In this paper the system level EMC requirements for aircraft testing have been derived from MIL-STD 464 and related documents. Accordingly the IEMTF has been designed to meet these requirements in the absence of a sophisticated ATF. The details of various test systems with their performance and calibration procedures required in the Open Air Test Site (OATS) for aircraft level EMC testing has been critically discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126067157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871677
A. De, T. Chakravarty
We present a novel and simple method of deducing the resonant frequencies for a circular patch antenna mounted on a sphere. A particular case in this class of antenna namely hemispherical-circular antenna (/spl theta/=90 deg.) is investigated. It is shown that dominant mode resonance is tuned up in frequency by approximately 20%. The validity of this method is also evaluated. This class of MSA can be a very useful tool for EMC applications since this has a significantly high polarisation purity compared to other conformal antennas like planar circular patch antennas.
{"title":"Theoretical evaluation of resonant frequencies of a hemispherical-circular microstrip antenna","authors":"A. De, T. Chakravarty","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871677","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel and simple method of deducing the resonant frequencies for a circular patch antenna mounted on a sphere. A particular case in this class of antenna namely hemispherical-circular antenna (/spl theta/=90 deg.) is investigated. It is shown that dominant mode resonance is tuned up in frequency by approximately 20%. The validity of this method is also evaluated. This class of MSA can be a very useful tool for EMC applications since this has a significantly high polarisation purity compared to other conformal antennas like planar circular patch antennas.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133490094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871605
I.M. Rao
This paper presents an overviews of the developed graphical user interface (GUI) software modules for EMI/EMC design and maintenance. Modules developed are based on EMI modelling and prediction. EMI/EMC design is a mandatory for all electronic and electrical equipment for the given platforms and networks mounted with communication, radar and power supply equipment connected with various cables which are to be made compatible for the given susceptibility levels. This can be accomplished by the software modules, which are elucidated in this paper. The perception of these modules helps the user in EMI/EMC design and maintenance in the electronic field.
{"title":"PC-based developed EMI/EMC modeling and prediction software","authors":"I.M. Rao","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871605","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an overviews of the developed graphical user interface (GUI) software modules for EMI/EMC design and maintenance. Modules developed are based on EMI modelling and prediction. EMI/EMC design is a mandatory for all electronic and electrical equipment for the given platforms and networks mounted with communication, radar and power supply equipment connected with various cables which are to be made compatible for the given susceptibility levels. This can be accomplished by the software modules, which are elucidated in this paper. The perception of these modules helps the user in EMI/EMC design and maintenance in the electronic field.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131322226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871640
B. Prakash, K. Suresh
Calibrated antennas are must for a certified EMC laboratory. A study has been conducted for calibrating antennas in the frequency range 200 MHz-1 GHz, which are needed for 1 meter radiated emission testing-RE02 of MIL-STD-461C. Measurements were conducted to ascertain the antenna factor for conical log spiral antenna by adapting 'Identical Two Antenna Method of calibration'. These measurements were conducted in the frequency range of 200 MHz-1 GHz. The test results indicate the measured antenna factors within +/- 1 dB of the nominal values supplied originally by the manufacturer.
{"title":"A practical method for calibrating antennas","authors":"B. Prakash, K. Suresh","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871640","url":null,"abstract":"Calibrated antennas are must for a certified EMC laboratory. A study has been conducted for calibrating antennas in the frequency range 200 MHz-1 GHz, which are needed for 1 meter radiated emission testing-RE02 of MIL-STD-461C. Measurements were conducted to ascertain the antenna factor for conical log spiral antenna by adapting 'Identical Two Antenna Method of calibration'. These measurements were conducted in the frequency range of 200 MHz-1 GHz. The test results indicate the measured antenna factors within +/- 1 dB of the nominal values supplied originally by the manufacturer.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130924173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871622
R. P. Singh
Performance of an electronic system is generally believed to be a function of components, circuit layout and enclosure design, i.e. hardware dependent. But this is not entirely valid for embedded systems. For such systems, in addition to hardware factors, design of firmware also impacts EMC performance of the system. This paper examines such firmware dependencies of system EMC performance and offers suggestions on software design for embedded systems for better EMC performance.
{"title":"Firmware dependency of EMC performance","authors":"R. P. Singh","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871622","url":null,"abstract":"Performance of an electronic system is generally believed to be a function of components, circuit layout and enclosure design, i.e. hardware dependent. But this is not entirely valid for embedded systems. For such systems, in addition to hardware factors, design of firmware also impacts EMC performance of the system. This paper examines such firmware dependencies of system EMC performance and offers suggestions on software design for embedded systems for better EMC performance.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133647370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871604
V. Hariharan, S. Shastry, A. Chakraborty, V. Katti
The external surfaces of a spacecraft exposed to Earth's magnetospheric plasma can build up differential voltages which can result in an electrostatic discharge (ESD). This discharge may induce transient electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the electronics circuitry and may give rise to switching anomalies or system failure under certain environmental conditions. This paper outlines the development of circuit model of a spacecraft for surface charging studies by assuming Maxwellian distribution function to represent the plasma particles in space. Analytical expressions for charging and discharging current sources of the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) plasma have been obtained. A numerical solution procedure using method of moments and triangular patch modelling to determine the capacitance of conducting objects in free space has been developed. Differential equations of spacecraft charging have been derived and the surface charging of INSAT-2E spacecraft has been simulated.
{"title":"Development of circuit model for spacecraft charging studies","authors":"V. Hariharan, S. Shastry, A. Chakraborty, V. Katti","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871604","url":null,"abstract":"The external surfaces of a spacecraft exposed to Earth's magnetospheric plasma can build up differential voltages which can result in an electrostatic discharge (ESD). This discharge may induce transient electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the electronics circuitry and may give rise to switching anomalies or system failure under certain environmental conditions. This paper outlines the development of circuit model of a spacecraft for surface charging studies by assuming Maxwellian distribution function to represent the plasma particles in space. Analytical expressions for charging and discharging current sources of the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) plasma have been obtained. A numerical solution procedure using method of moments and triangular patch modelling to determine the capacitance of conducting objects in free space has been developed. Differential equations of spacecraft charging have been derived and the surface charging of INSAT-2E spacecraft has been simulated.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132289251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871671
S. Sengupta
We are aware of the near end and far end crosstalk in general. However, in this paper a general study is made of crosstalk induced on twisted pair transmission lines by a simulated power line type noisy source. A laboratory study of crosstalk induced by power parallel lines on the twisted pair transmission line is made. The influence of the ground plane location on the above crosstalk due to capacitive coupling is brought out both practically and theoretically. The capacitance is theoretically calculated by applying the finite element method (FEM) to the electric field intensity. Theoretically calculated results are almost in agreement with laboratory experimental results. It is concluded that closer the twisted pair transmission line to the ground the lesser is the induced crosstalk.
{"title":"Analysis of crosstalk induction by EMI source on a twisted pair transmission line","authors":"S. Sengupta","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871671","url":null,"abstract":"We are aware of the near end and far end crosstalk in general. However, in this paper a general study is made of crosstalk induced on twisted pair transmission lines by a simulated power line type noisy source. A laboratory study of crosstalk induced by power parallel lines on the twisted pair transmission line is made. The influence of the ground plane location on the above crosstalk due to capacitive coupling is brought out both practically and theoretically. The capacitance is theoretically calculated by applying the finite element method (FEM) to the electric field intensity. Theoretically calculated results are almost in agreement with laboratory experimental results. It is concluded that closer the twisted pair transmission line to the ground the lesser is the induced crosstalk.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125114330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871679
G. Saha
This article describes how to gain a noise tolerable computer process synchronisation (e.g. a mutual exclusion problem in a real time system). The algorithm ensures the avoidance of busy wait for processes while sharing common resources such as disk drive, floating-point processor etc., without using any hardware fixes to control noise/EM disturbances. This software technique is a very useful tool in designing system with high fault tolerance and system reliability.
{"title":"Noise reduction in computer process synchronisation","authors":"G. Saha","doi":"10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEMIC.1999.871679","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes how to gain a noise tolerable computer process synchronisation (e.g. a mutual exclusion problem in a real time system). The algorithm ensures the avoidance of busy wait for processes while sharing common resources such as disk drive, floating-point processor etc., without using any hardware fixes to control noise/EM disturbances. This software technique is a very useful tool in designing system with high fault tolerance and system reliability.","PeriodicalId":104361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123157051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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