Clinical psychology & psychotherapy最新文献_第8页

Digitally Enhanced Psychological Assessment and Treatment of Paranoia: A Systematic Review 妄想症的数字增强心理评估与治疗：系统回顾。

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3019

Molly Bird, Emma O'Neill, Simon Riches

Background

Paranoia is relatively common but can lead to significant distress, impairment and need for care. Digital technologies offer a valuable extension to service provision and are increasingly being integrated into healthcare. This systematic review evaluated feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of digitally enhanced psychological assessments and treatments for paranoia across the paranoia continuum (PROSPERO: CRD42023393257).

Methods

Databases PsychINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Web of Science were searched until 12 June 2023; the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool evaluated studies; and a narrative synthesis was conducted.

Results

Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria (n = 3457, 23 assessment and 4 treatment, 2005–2023, most in Europe). Technologies included virtual reality (VR, n = 23), experience sampling methodology (ESM, n = 2), an app (n = 1) and a combination of VR and ESM (n = 1). Assessments involved monitoring paranoia under various virtual conditions or in everyday life. Treatments were generally integrated with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), which involved using VR to test out threat beliefs and drop safety behaviours or using an app to support slowing down paranoid thinking. EPHPP ratings were strong (n = 8), moderate (n = 12) and weak (n = 7).

Conclusions

Digitally enhanced assessments and treatments showed promising acceptability, feasibility and treatment effectiveness. Limitations of studies include small sample sizes, lack of comparison groups and long-term data and limited randomised controlled trials. Results support the potential future integration of VR in the assessment of paranoia and show promise for treatments such as CBT, although further clinical trials are required. Investigation of other technologies is limited.

背景：妄想症比较常见，但可导致严重的痛苦、损伤和护理需求。数字技术为服务的提供提供了宝贵的延伸，并越来越多地被整合到医疗保健中。本系统性综述评估了妄想症连续统一体（PROSPERO：CRD42023393257）中数字增强型心理评估和治疗的可行性、可接受性和有效性：方法：检索了PsychINFO、EMBASE、MEDLINE和Web of Science等数据库，检索期至2023年6月12日；有效公共卫生实践项目（EPHPP）质量评估工具对研究进行了评估；并进行了叙述性综合：27项研究符合纳入标准（n = 3457，23项评估和4项治疗，2005-2023年，大部分在欧洲）。技术包括虚拟现实（VR，n = 23）、经验取样方法（ESM，n = 2）、应用程序（n = 1）以及 VR 和 ESM 的组合（n = 1）。评估包括在各种虚拟条件下或日常生活中监测妄想症。治疗一般与认知行为疗法（CBT）相结合，包括使用 VR 测试威胁信念和减少安全行为，或使用应用程序支持减缓偏执思维。EPHPP评级为强（8人）、中（12人）和弱（7人）：结论：数字化增强评估和治疗在可接受性、可行性和治疗效果方面均有良好表现。研究的局限性包括样本量小、缺乏对比组和长期数据以及随机对照试验有限。研究结果支持未来将虚拟现实技术整合到偏执狂评估中的可能性，并显示出 CBT 等治疗方法的前景，尽管还需要进一步的临床试验。对其他技术的研究还很有限。

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引用次数: 0

Unified Protocol Versus Self-Acceptance Group Therapy for Emotional Disorders in People With Severe Shame 统一方案与自我接纳团体疗法治疗严重羞耻感患者的情绪障碍。

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3022

Banafsheh Mohajerin, Richard C. Howard

Background

Severe shame is a distressing negative emotion, accompanied by intense feelings of worthlessness that contributes to a broad panoply of psychological disorders. This study aimed to compare the effects on shame dysregulation of two transdiagnostic treatments, the Unified Protocol (UP) and Self-Acceptance Group Therapy (SAGT). We additionally addressed the question of whether borderline personality disorder (BPD) can properly be regarded as an emotional disorder. The focus was on outcome measures, primarily shame that cut across individual diagnostic categories and capture emotional dysfunction broadly conceived.

Methods

Individuals suffering from a range of emotional disorders (including BPD) and high levels of shame were randomly allocated to treatment by either UP (N = 280) or SAGT (N = 282). Outcomes were measures of emotion dysfunction—shame, loneliness, neuroticism, emotional dysregulation, positive and negative affect—measured pre-treatment, post-treatment and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups.

Results

UP was superior to SAGT in showing better post-treatment retention of therapeutic gains on all outcome measures over the 6-month follow-up period. Compared with those without a BPD diagnosis, those diagnosed with BPD showed significantly higher neuroticism and emotion dysregulation at baseline and a similar post-treatment reduction in almost all outcomes.

Conclusions

The results support the use of both the UP and SAGT in the treatment of severe shame. The superiority of the UP over SAGT in reducing negative emotionality is interpreted in terms of the specific mechanisms targeted by the UP. The results provide support for the theoretical rationale for the UP as a treatment for dysregulated shame and for emotional dysfunction generally.

背景：严重的羞耻感是一种令人痛苦的负面情绪，伴随着强烈的无价值感，会导致一系列心理障碍。本研究旨在比较统一方案（UP）和自我接纳团体疗法（SAGT）这两种跨诊断治疗方法对羞耻感失调的影响。此外，我们还探讨了边缘型人格障碍（BPD）是否可以适当地被视为情感障碍的问题。研究的重点是结果测量，主要是跨越个别诊断类别的羞耻感，以及广义上的情感功能障碍：方法：患有一系列情感障碍（包括 BPD）和高度羞耻感的患者被随机分配接受 UP（280 人）或 SAGT（282 人）治疗。结果是对情绪功能障碍--羞耻感、孤独感、神经质、情绪失调、积极和消极情绪--进行治疗前、治疗后以及3个月和6个月随访时的测量：在为期6个月的随访中，在所有结果测量中，UP在治疗后保持治疗成果方面优于SAGT。与未确诊为 BPD 的患者相比，确诊为 BPD 的患者在基线时表现出明显更高的神经质和情绪失调，治疗后几乎所有结果都有类似的下降：研究结果支持在治疗严重羞耻感时使用 UP 和 SAGT。在减少负面情绪方面，UP 比 SAGT 更胜一筹，这可以从 UP 所针对的特定机制来解释。研究结果为UP作为治疗羞耻感失调和一般情绪功能障碍的理论依据提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic Alliance in Family-Based Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa: In-Person Versus Telehealth 厌食症家庭治疗中的治疗联盟：面对面治疗与远程医疗。

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3017

Marita Cooper, Chloe Connor, Natalia Orloff, John D. Herrington, C. Alix Timko

Objective

The therapeutic alliance is broadly linked with positive outcomes. However, nearly all research in this area involves in-person therapy, whereas teletherapy has grown increasing common since the COVID-19 pandemic. There is now a pressing need to establish whether the nature and importance of the therapeutic alliance is impacted by teletherapy. This study examined therapeutic alliance in families of youth with anorexia nervosa who were participating in a randomized controlled trial that transitioned from in-person to telehealth visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method

We analysed data from 53 adolescents and their parents (20 began in-person, 33 began with telehealth). Both parents, youth and therapist completed the Working Alliance Inventory–Short Revised after 4 weeks of treatment.

Results

We found no significant differences across telehealth and in-person treatment for paternal or therapist reported data. However, both adolescents and mothers reported higher bond and goal-related alliance for in-person sessions compared to telehealth.

Conclusions

Findings regarding alliance across telehealth and in-person sessions were mixed, with some preference among mothers and youth for in-person treatment. Future studies should determine whether possible adaptations can improve working alliance during family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa via telehealth.

目的：治疗联盟与积极的治疗效果有着广泛的联系。然而，该领域的几乎所有研究都涉及面对面治疗，而自 COVID-19 大流行以来，远程治疗越来越普遍。现在迫切需要确定治疗联盟的性质和重要性是否会受到远程治疗的影响。本研究考察了神经性厌食症青少年家庭的治疗联盟，这些青少年参加了一项随机对照试验，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，该试验从面对面访问过渡到了远程医疗访问：我们分析了 53 名青少年及其父母的数据（其中 20 人从面谈开始，33 人从远程医疗开始）。治疗 4 周后，父母、青少年和治疗师都填写了工作联盟量表--简短修订版：我们发现，在父亲或治疗师报告的数据方面，远程医疗和面对面治疗没有明显差异。然而，与远程医疗相比，青少年和母亲都报告了更高的亲身参与治疗和与目标相关的联盟：有关远程医疗和面对面治疗的联盟的研究结果不一，母亲和青少年更倾向于面对面治疗。未来的研究应确定，在通过远程医疗进行基于家庭的神经性厌食症治疗过程中，可能的调整是否能改善工作联盟。

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引用次数: 0

Acute Stress Symptoms, Intolerance of Uncertainty and Coping Strategies in Reaction to the October 7 War 十月七日战争中的急性应激症状、不确定性耐受性和应对策略。

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3021

Wafaa Sowan, Svetlana Baziliansky

Background

On 7 October 2023, hundreds of armed Hamas fighters breached the security border fence and entered Israel from the Gaza Strip. More than 1400 Israeli citizens were murdered, and 239 individuals were kidnapped. Many Israeli citizens experienced these occurrences as psychologically traumatic events that caused stress and uncertainty.

Objectives

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between exposure to war (in more distant circles), intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and disengaged coping on acute stress symptoms (ASS). First, we examined whether exposure to war and IU were directly associated with ASS. Second, we tested the mediating role of disengaged coping in the relationship among war exposure, IU and ASS.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 393 Israeli citizens. Participants answered questionnaires on exposure to war, IU, coping strategies and ASS.

Results

The study results indicate that higher exposure and higher levels of IU were directly associated with more intensive ASS, and this association was partially mediated by higher use of disengaged coping strategies.

Conclusions

Individuals during wartime are at risk of experiencing high levels of ASS and developing ASD. However, degree of exposure to war alone was not associated with ASS, but it was related to personal resources and coping strategies.

背景情况：2023 年 10 月 7 日，数百名哈马斯武装战斗人员突破安全边界围栏，从加沙地带进入以色列。1400 多名以色列公民被杀害，239 人被绑架。许多以色列公民经历了这些造成心理创伤的事件，这些事件造成了压力和不确定性：本研究旨在探讨战争暴露（在较远的圈子里）、不确定性不容忍（IU）和脱离应对对急性应激症状（ASS）的影响。首先，我们研究了战争风险和不确定性不容忍度是否与急性应激症状直接相关。其次，我们检验了脱离应对在战争暴露、IU 和 ASS 关系中的中介作用：这项横断面研究涉及 393 名以色列公民。结果：研究结果表明，暴露于战争的程度越高，IU 就越高：研究结果表明，更高的战争暴露和更高的 IU 水平与更密集的 ASS 直接相关，而这种关联在一定程度上被更多地使用脱离现实的应对策略所调节：结论：战争期间的个体有可能经历高水平的 ASS 并发展成 ASD。然而，战争暴露程度本身与 ASS 无关，但与个人资源和应对策略有关。

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引用次数: 0

A Systematic Review of the Assessment of ICD-11 Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) in Young People and Adults 对年轻人和成年人进行 ICD-11 复杂创伤后应激障碍 (CPTSD) 评估的系统性回顾。

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3012

Rachel Sarr, Alice Quinton, Debbie Spain, Freya Rumball

Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was introduced in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 11 in 2013 to simplify diagnosis and increase clinical utility. Given the recent ICD-11 conceptualisation, there is no standard approach for its assessment, and a review of research is necessary. This systematic review focuses on ICD-11 CPTSD assessment in young people aged 7 to 17 and adults aged 18 and above, examining measures, differentiating features and clinical considerations. Data from five databases are reviewed using a narrative synthesis approach and the quality of evidence is assessed and discussed. A total of 36 studies involving 5901 participants recruited from clinical settings and 1458 professionals with CPTSD assessment experience were included. Studies predominantly focused on adults, and the most used measure for assessment was the International Trauma Questionnaire. Papers focusing on differentiating features highlighted increased symptom severity, impairment and difficulties in individuals with CPTSD, compared to those with PTSD across various characteristics in both young people and adults. This review also identified the importance of a sensitive clinical approach with adaptations based on culture and age. Although gold-standard recommendations cannot be made, this paper offers tentative clinical practice recommendations and considerations regarding ICD-11 CPTSD assessment.

2013年，国际疾病分类（ICD）第11版引入了复杂创伤后应激障碍（CPTSD），以简化诊断并提高临床实用性。鉴于最近的 ICD-11 概念，目前还没有标准的评估方法，因此有必要对研究进行回顾。本系统性综述侧重于对 7 至 17 岁青少年和 18 岁及以上成年人进行 ICD-11 CPTSD 评估，研究措施、区分特征和临床注意事项。采用叙述性综合方法对五个数据库中的数据进行了回顾，并对证据质量进行了评估和讨论。共纳入了 36 项研究，涉及从临床环境中招募的 5901 名参与者和 1458 名具有 CPTSD 评估经验的专业人员。研究主要针对成年人，最常用的评估方法是国际创伤问卷。侧重于区分特征的论文强调，与创伤后应激障碍患者相比，CPTSD 患者的症状严重程度、受损程度和困难程度都会增加，这体现在年轻人和成年人的各种特征上。这篇综述还指出了根据文化和年龄采取敏感的临床方法的重要性。虽然无法提出金标准建议，但本文提供了有关 ICD-11 CPTSD 评估的初步临床实践建议和注意事项。

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引用次数: 0

Early Maladaptive Schemas and Depression in Caregivers of Individuals With Schizophrenia Spectrum and Bipolar Disorders 精神分裂症谱系障碍和双相情感障碍患者照顾者的早期适应不良模式和抑郁。

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3000

George J. Karambelas, Linda K. Byrne, Kelly A. Allott, Anuradhi Jayasinghe, Amity E. Watson, Melissa Hasty, Craig Macneil, Kate Filia, Sue M. Cotton

Objectives

Early maladaptive schemas represent unhelpful frameworks of cognitions, emotions and subsequent behavioural responses and can be associated with depressive symptoms. Caregivers of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) frequently report experiencing depressive symptoms. It is unclear whether depressive symptoms in caregivers are influenced by schemas. We aimed to compare activated schemas in caregivers of people with schizophrenia spectrum (SSD) and bipolar disorder (BD) diagnoses and to determine whether they were differentially related to depressive symptoms.

Design and Methods

Caregivers completed validated measures of depression and schemas. Independent samples t-tests and multivariate generalised linear models were used to assess differences in schemas and depressive symptoms between caregiver groups. Interrelationships between schema domains and caregiver depressive symptoms were delineated using correlational analyses and forward stepwise regressions.

Results

One hundred eight caregivers participated in the study (SSD n = 68, BD n = 40). No differences in depressive symptom severity or activated schemas were observed between caregiver groups. All schemas were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and the Disconnection-Rejection schema domain explained the most variance in depressive symptoms in both caregiver groups.

Conclusions

Schemas contribute to the severity of caregiver depression regardless of whether the person receiving care is diagnosed with SSD or BD. Schema therapeutic frameworks may be beneficial for use with caregivers to address schemas within the Disconnection-Rejection domain and alleviate depressive symptoms by reducing experiences of social isolation and alienation.

目的：早期适应不良图式代表了无益的认知框架、情绪和随后的行为反应，可能与抑郁症状有关。严重精神疾病（SMI）患者的照顾者经常会出现抑郁症状。目前还不清楚照顾者的抑郁症状是否受图式的影响。我们旨在比较精神分裂症谱系（SSD）和双相情感障碍（BD）患者护理者的激活图式，并确定它们是否与抑郁症状有不同的关系：设计：护理人员完成了抑郁和模式的有效测量。采用独立样本 t 检验和多变量广义线性模型来评估不同照顾者群体之间在图式和抑郁症状方面的差异。利用相关分析和前向逐步回归法来界定图式域与照顾者抑郁症状之间的相互关系：共有 118 名照顾者参与了研究（SSD=68 人，BD=40 人）。在抑郁症状严重程度或激活的图式方面，护理人员组之间没有发现差异。所有图式都与抑郁症状明显相关，而 "断裂-排斥 "图式域对两组照顾者抑郁症状的解释差异最大：结论：无论接受护理的人被诊断出患有 SSD 还是 BD，图式都会导致护理者抑郁的严重程度。图式治疗框架可能有益于护理人员解决 "断裂-排斥 "领域中的图式问题，并通过减少社会隔离和疏远体验来缓解抑郁症状。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the Factors That Contribute to Creating a Collaborative Psychological Formulation: A Qualitative Systematic Review 了解有助于制定合作性心理方案的因素：定性系统回顾。

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2998

Naomi E. Thrower, Katherine Berry, Isobel Johnston, Lydia Morris

Objectives

Creating a formulation is one of the key competencies of a clinical psychologist and is understood to be important for guiding therapeutic input and understanding client distress. However, client experience of formulations can vary, with some reporting it is unhelpful and distressing. This novel review explores the experiences of clinicians and clients when creating a formulation, specifically the barriers and facilitators to collaborating on a formulation. This ultimately aims to improve client experience and engagement in formulation.

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and EMBASE was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO. This search was conducted using terms related to ‘psychological formulation’ and ‘experience’. Nineteen qualitative papers met inclusion criteria and were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Findings that pertained to formulation were thematically synthesised.

Results

Three analytical themes were identified: toleration of the formulation process—‘a necessary evil’, which highlights the potential emotional impact of formulation on the client and indicates the importance of responding to client readiness and expectations of formulation; development of the therapeutic relationship—‘it's like a two way thing, isn't it?’, which suggests that client empowerment, adapting to client needs and clinicians creating a safe and containing environment facilitated the formulation process; systemic factors—‘walking a tightrope’, which highlights the constraints of resources and team dynamics in therapists' ability to engage in collaborative formulation.

Conclusion

Facilitators to a collaborative formulation include the following: simple formulations, thorough assessment and preparation for formulation, ‘doing with’ activities such as timelines and diagrams and working environments that include supportive colleagues and time for reflection and training.

目的：制定治疗方案是临床心理学家的关键能力之一，对于指导治疗投入和了解客户的痛苦非常重要。然而，求助者对配方的体验可能各不相同，有些求助者表示配方无益且令人苦恼。这篇新颖的综述探讨了临床医生和客户在制定配方时的体验，特别是合作制定配方的障碍和促进因素。其最终目的是改善客户在配方设计中的体验和参与度：采用 PRISMA 指南对 PubMed、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 EMBASE 进行了系统检索。该方案已在 PROSPERO 上注册。该检索使用了与 "心理治疗 "和 "经验 "相关的术语。19篇定性论文符合纳入标准，并使用批判性评估技能计划进行了评估。对与配方有关的研究结果进行了专题综合：结果：确定了三个分析主题：对配制过程的容忍--"必要之恶"，这强调了配制对求助者的潜在情绪影响，并表明了对求助者的准备情况和对配制的期望做出回应的重要性；治疗关系的发展--这就像是一个双向的事情，不是吗？这表明，客户授权、适应客户需求以及临床医生创造一个安全、包容的环境有利于配方过程；系统因素--"走钢丝"，这强调了资源和团队动力对治疗师参与合作配方能力的限制：结论：促进协作式治疗的因素包括：简单的治疗方案、全面的评估和治疗前的准备、"一起做 "的活动，如时间轴和图表，以及包括支持性同事和反思与培训时间在内的工作环境。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of Training in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Motivational Interviewing on Mental Health Practitioner Behaviour: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 认知行为疗法和动机访谈法培训对心理健康从业人员行为的影响：系统回顾与元分析》。

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3003

Emma Högberg Ragnarsson, Gustaf Reinebo, Sara Ingvarsson, Annika Lindgren, Maria Beckman, Sven Alfonsson, Maria Hedman-Lagerlöf, Christoffer Rahm, Hanna Sahlin, Terese Stenfors, Karolina Sörman, Markus Jansson-Fröjmark, Tobias Lundgren

Effective training of mental health professionals is crucial for bridging the gap between research and practice when delivering cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing (MI) within community settings. However, previous research has provided inconclusive evidence regarding the impact of training efforts. The current study aimed to systematically search, review and synthesize the literature on CBT and MI training to assess its effect on practitioner behavioural outcomes. Following prospective registration, a literature search was conducted for studies where mental health practitioners were exposed to training in face-to-face CBT or MI, reporting on at least one quantitative practitioner behavioural outcome. A total of 116 studies were eligible for the systematic review, and 20 studies were included in four meta-analyses. The systematic review highlights the need to establish psychometrically valid outcome measures for practitioner behaviour. Results of the meta-analyses suggest that training has a greater effect on practitioner behaviour change compared to receiving no training or reading a treatment manual. Training combined with consultation/supervision was found to be more effective than training alone, and no differences were found between face-to-face and online training. Results should be interpreted with caution due to methodological limitations in the primary studies, large heterogeneity, and small samples in the meta-analyses. Future directions are discussed.

在社区环境中提供认知行为疗法（CBT）和动机访谈法（MI）时，心理健康专业人员的有效培训对于弥合研究与实践之间的差距至关重要。然而，以往的研究并未就培训工作的影响提供结论性的证据。本研究旨在系统地搜索、回顾和综合有关 CBT 和 MI 培训的文献，以评估其对从业人员行为结果的影响。在进行前瞻性注册后，我们对心理健康从业人员接受面对面 CBT 或多元智能培训的研究进行了文献检索，并报告了至少一项量化的从业人员行为结果。共有 116 项研究符合系统综述的条件，其中 20 项研究被纳入了四项荟萃分析。该系统综述强调了建立心理测量有效的从业人员行为结果测量方法的必要性。荟萃分析的结果表明，与不接受培训或阅读治疗手册相比，培训对从业人员行为改变的影响更大。研究发现，培训与咨询/督导相结合比单独培训更有效，而面对面培训与在线培训之间没有差异。由于主要研究在方法上存在局限性、异质性较大以及荟萃分析的样本较小，因此在解释结果时应谨慎。本文讨论了未来的发展方向。

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引用次数: 0

Dispositional Empathy Among Psychotherapists: A Latent Profile Analysis 心理治疗师的共情倾向：潜在特征分析

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3016

Valerie Lachance, Olivier Laverdière, David Kealy, John S. Ogrodniczuk

Objective

This study examined therapists' dispositional empathy profiles and how they differ based on professional and personal characteristics.

Method

A total of 376 clinicians was recruited for this study. Dispositional empathy was assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Profiles were generated using latent profile analysis. Predictors of profiles were assessed with multiple self-report questionnaires measuring demographic and professional characteristics, romantic attachment styles, five-factor personality traits and vulnerable narcissism.

Results

A four-profile solution was retained with the following proportions: rational empathic (20%), disengaged/detached (10%), empathic immersion (35%) and insecure/self-absorbed (35%). Overall, few relationships were found regarding demographic and professional characteristics. In contrast, significant relationships were found between profile membership and personal characteristics, including avoidant and anxious attachment, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, intellect/imagination and vulnerable narcissism.

Conclusion

The findings show that differences in therapists' empathic dispositions are linked to personality dimensions. Implications for psychotherapy research, practice and training are discussed.

目的：本研究探讨了治疗师的移情倾向特征，以及这些特征在专业和个人特征上的差异：本研究考察了治疗师的移情倾向，以及他们在专业和个人特征上的差异：本研究共招募了 376 名临床医生。通过人际反应指数（IRI）对共情倾向进行评估。采用潜在特征分析法生成特征。通过多份自我报告问卷，对人口统计学和职业特征、浪漫依恋风格、五要素人格特质和脆弱自恋进行了评估：结果：保留了四种类型的解决方案，比例如下：理性移情型（20%）、脱离/疏离型（10%）、沉浸移情型（35%）和不安全/自恋型（35%）。总体而言，人口统计和专业特征之间的关系不大。与此相反，个人档案成员与个人特征（包括回避型依恋和焦虑型依恋、合意性、自觉性、神经质、智力/想象力和脆弱自恋）之间存在明显关系：结论：研究结果表明，治疗师移情倾向的差异与人格维度有关。本文讨论了心理治疗研究、实践和培训的意义。

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引用次数: 0

Validation of the Italian Version of the Telepresence in Videoconference Scale (TVS) in a Sample of Psychologists and Psychotherapists During the COVID-19 Pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间，在心理学家和心理治疗师样本中验证意大利语版视频会议网真量表 (TVS)

IF 3.6 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy

Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.3015

Sabrina Cipolletta, Silvia Caterina Maria Tomaino, Stéphane Bouchard, Maxine Berthiaume, Gian Mauro Manzoni

Objective

Telepresence may play a fundamental role in establishing authentic interactions and relationships in online psychological interventions and can be measured by the Telepresence in Videoconference Scale (TVS), which was validated only with patients to date. This post hoc study aimed to validate the Italian version of the TVS with mental health professionals.

Method

The Italian TVS was included in an online survey, whose primary aim was to assess the experiences of Italian psychologists and psychotherapists with online interventions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and was filled in by 296 participants (83.4% females, mean age = 42 years old).

Results

Exploratory factor analysis supported the original factor structure only partially because the scale ‘Absorption’ (i.e., the feeling of losing track of time), as it was formulated, did not measure telepresence. Correlations were also explored between the TVS scales and some survey items pertaining to intimacy and emotional closeness to patients, comfort and positive as well as negative experiences with online interventions.

Conclusion

The TVS may be a useful tool to measure physical and social telepresence in online interventions, both in patients and in professionals.

目标远程呈现在在线心理干预中建立真实的互动和关系方面发挥着重要作用，可通过视频会议中的远程呈现量表（TVS）进行测量。这项事后研究旨在验证意大利语版的心理健康专业人员 TVS。该调查的主要目的是评估意大利心理学家和心理治疗师在 COVID-19 第一波大流行期间进行在线干预的经验，共有 296 名参与者（83.4% 为女性，平均年龄 = 42 岁）填写了调查问卷。结果探索性因子分析仅部分支持了最初的因子结构，因为量表 "吸收"（即忘记时间的感觉）并不能测量远程呈现。此外，还探讨了 TVS 量表与一些调查项目之间的相关性，这些项目涉及与患者的亲密关系和情感亲密度、舒适度以及在线干预的积极和消极体验。结论 TVS 可以作为一种有用的工具，用于测量患者和专业人员在在线干预中的身体和社会远程呈现。

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引用次数: 0