Don Bambino Geno Tai, Robin Patel, Francis Lovecchio, Thomas Kwee, Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker
{"title":"Executive Summary: State-of-the-Art Review: Diagnosis and Management of Spinal Implant Infections.","authors":"Don Bambino Geno Tai, Robin Patel, Francis Lovecchio, Thomas Kwee, Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"79 6","pages":"1329-1330"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Follow-up Fungal PCR Testing on Plasma and BAL is Low Yield.","authors":"Niaz Banaei","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Cryptic Plasmodium inui and Plasmodium fieldi Infections Among Symptomatic Malaria Patients in Thailand.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Acuña-Villaorduña, Edward C Jones-López, Grant Theron, Keertan Dheda, Kevin P Fennelly
{"title":"Optimal timing to discontinue respiratory isolation among patients with pulmonary TB.","authors":"Carlos Acuña-Villaorduña, Edward C Jones-López, Grant Theron, Keertan Dheda, Kevin P Fennelly","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction We hypothesized that response to infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), administered during peak respiratory viral seasons could be blunted, particularly to higher carrier-load PCVs. Methods We did a post-hoc analysis of a large, double-blind, randomized study comparing 13-valent vs. 7-valent PCVs (PCV13; PCV7) administered to infants (at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months). We defined respiratory viral season (RVS), based on local epidemiology as December through April and the non-RVS as June through October. Infants receiving the first dose at 7-9 weeks during the defined seasons were eligible. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin-G geometric mean concentrations (SSIgG-GMC; µg/ml) were compared between the two seasons at age seven and thirteen months. Results 179 and 225 infants received PCV13 in RVS and non-RVS. The corresponding numbers for PCV7 were 188 and 217. At 7 months, PCV13 recipients during RVS had significantly lower SSIgG-GMCs compared to non-RVS for 10/13 serotypes (GMC ratios 0.76-0.86). This difference remained significant in 2/13 serotypes after booster dose. Unlike PCV13 recipients, PCV7 recipients showed no seasonal difference. The results were similar for both vaccines results among children who had received the first dose only or both the first and second dose during the defined seasons. Similarly, no difference was observed if the booster was given in RVS or non-RVS. Conclusion Administration of the first PCV13 dose to young infants during RVS resulted in a significant blunting of the immune response, partially corrected by booster administration. PCV7 recipients were unaffected, suggesting an increased susceptibility to respiratory viral immune blunting with higher carrier-load PCVs.
{"title":"Immune Response to the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine is Reduced in Infants Immunized during the Respiratory Viral Season","authors":"Ron Dagan, Bart A van der Beek","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae619","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction We hypothesized that response to infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), administered during peak respiratory viral seasons could be blunted, particularly to higher carrier-load PCVs. Methods We did a post-hoc analysis of a large, double-blind, randomized study comparing 13-valent vs. 7-valent PCVs (PCV13; PCV7) administered to infants (at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months). We defined respiratory viral season (RVS), based on local epidemiology as December through April and the non-RVS as June through October. Infants receiving the first dose at 7-9 weeks during the defined seasons were eligible. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin-G geometric mean concentrations (SSIgG-GMC; µg/ml) were compared between the two seasons at age seven and thirteen months. Results 179 and 225 infants received PCV13 in RVS and non-RVS. The corresponding numbers for PCV7 were 188 and 217. At 7 months, PCV13 recipients during RVS had significantly lower SSIgG-GMCs compared to non-RVS for 10/13 serotypes (GMC ratios 0.76-0.86). This difference remained significant in 2/13 serotypes after booster dose. Unlike PCV13 recipients, PCV7 recipients showed no seasonal difference. The results were similar for both vaccines results among children who had received the first dose only or both the first and second dose during the defined seasons. Similarly, no difference was observed if the booster was given in RVS or non-RVS. Conclusion Administration of the first PCV13 dose to young infants during RVS resulted in a significant blunting of the immune response, partially corrected by booster administration. PCV7 recipients were unaffected, suggesting an increased susceptibility to respiratory viral immune blunting with higher carrier-load PCVs.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Nocardia Infections in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter International Retrospective Study of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Thoueille, Catia Marzolini, Monia Guidi, Matthias Cavassini, Laurent A Decosterd
{"title":"Is Non-Sustained Viral Suppression with Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Really Independent of Drug levels?","authors":"Paul Thoueille, Catia Marzolini, Monia Guidi, Matthias Cavassini, Laurent A Decosterd","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Félix Gutiérrez, Marta Fernández-González, Christian Ledesma, María Losada-Echeberría, Enrique Barrajón-Catalán, Mar Masiá
{"title":"Insights on Drug levels and Non-Sustained Viral Suppression with Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Therapy.","authors":"Félix Gutiérrez, Marta Fernández-González, Christian Ledesma, María Losada-Echeberría, Enrique Barrajón-Catalán, Mar Masiá","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae617","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background This study (China Assessment of Antifungal Therapy in Hematological Diseases, CAESAR 2.0) aimed to provide updated epidemiological data on invasive fungal disease (IFD) in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods This multicenter, real-world, observational study was conducted at 12 allo-HSCT centers in China between January 2021 and December 2021. Consecutive adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent allo-HSCT with antifungal prophylaxis were included. IFD was diagnosed according to the 2019 criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG). Follow-up was completed by December 31, 2022. Results A total of 2015 patients were collected. mold-active antifungal prophylaxis was used in 76.08% of patients, which included mainly voriconazole (44.37%) and posaconazole (31.71%). The cumulative incidence of IFD (proven and probable) at 1 year after allo-HSCT was 6.3%. Pathogens were identified in 47.97% of IFD cases and mainly included Candida spp. (17.89%), Mucorales (13.01%), Aspergillus spp. (8.94%), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (6.5%). Multivariate analysis identified the following factors associated with IFD: disease at advanced stage (hazard ratio [HR]= 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-4.12 P<0.001), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) engraftment (≤28 days) (HR=0.37; 95% CI: 0.15-0.92 P=0.032), platelet (PLT) engraftment (≤28 days) (HR=0.41; 95% CI: 0.27-0.62 P<0.001) and acute graft-versus-host disease grade III-IV (HR=2.97; 95% CI: 1.97-4.49 P<0.001). The IFD-attributable mortality rate was 48.28%. Conclusions Despite the widespread use of mold-active prophylaxis, the risk of IFD after allo-HSCT remains high. The most common pathogens are Candida spp., Mucorales, Aspergillus spp., and Pneumocystis jirovecii.
{"title":"Invasive Fungal Disease in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in China: A Multicenter Epidemiological Study (CAESAR 2.0)","authors":"Chuan Li, Dan-Ping Zhu, Jia Chen, Xiao-Yu Zhu, Nai-Nong Li, Wei-Jie Cao, Zhong-Ming Zhang, Ye-Hui Tan, Xiao-Xia Hu, Hai-Long Yuan, Xiao-Sheng Fang, Yue Yin, Hong-Tao Wang, Nan Li, Xiao-Jun Huang, Yu-Qian Sun","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae612","url":null,"abstract":"Background This study (China Assessment of Antifungal Therapy in Hematological Diseases, CAESAR 2.0) aimed to provide updated epidemiological data on invasive fungal disease (IFD) in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods This multicenter, real-world, observational study was conducted at 12 allo-HSCT centers in China between January 2021 and December 2021. Consecutive adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent allo-HSCT with antifungal prophylaxis were included. IFD was diagnosed according to the 2019 criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG). Follow-up was completed by December 31, 2022. Results A total of 2015 patients were collected. mold-active antifungal prophylaxis was used in 76.08% of patients, which included mainly voriconazole (44.37%) and posaconazole (31.71%). The cumulative incidence of IFD (proven and probable) at 1 year after allo-HSCT was 6.3%. Pathogens were identified in 47.97% of IFD cases and mainly included Candida spp. (17.89%), Mucorales (13.01%), Aspergillus spp. (8.94%), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (6.5%). Multivariate analysis identified the following factors associated with IFD: disease at advanced stage (hazard ratio [HR]= 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-4.12 P&lt;0.001), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) engraftment (≤28 days) (HR=0.37; 95% CI: 0.15-0.92 P=0.032), platelet (PLT) engraftment (≤28 days) (HR=0.41; 95% CI: 0.27-0.62 P&lt;0.001) and acute graft-versus-host disease grade III-IV (HR=2.97; 95% CI: 1.97-4.49 P&lt;0.001). The IFD-attributable mortality rate was 48.28%. Conclusions Despite the widespread use of mold-active prophylaxis, the risk of IFD after allo-HSCT remains high. The most common pathogens are Candida spp., Mucorales, Aspergillus spp., and Pneumocystis jirovecii.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erick Auma, Rencia Alberts, Brigitta Derendinger, Rouxjeane Venter, Elizabeth M Streicher, Samantha Pillay, Yonas T Ghebrekristos, Moses Mburu, Morten Ruhwald, Robin Warren, Adam Penn-Nicholson, Grant Theron, Margaretha de Vos
Background: Drug susceptibility testing (DST) is essential for starting people on effective tuberculosis (TB) regimens. No published data exists for the high-throughput LiquidArray MTB-XDR (LA-XDR) test, which detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and fluoroquinolone, amikacin, ethambutol, and linezolid susceptibility (latter two have no rapid DSTs available).
Methods: We enrolled people (n=720) with presumptive TB who provided two sputa for a Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and a culture (MTBC reference standard). Phenotypic DST and Sanger sequencing were the composite reference standards. LA-XDR on the manual FluoroLyse and automated GenoXtract-fleXT (fleXT) DNA extraction methods were compared.
Results: For MTBC, LA-XDR had similar sensitivities (85-87%) and specificities (99%) using each extraction method. Drug susceptibility sensitivities varied: 94% (95% CI: 86, 98) for fluoroquinolones, 64% (45, 80) for amikacin, and 88% (79, 93) for ethambutol (specificities 97-100%). 6/7 (86%) resistant linezolid isolates were detected. LA-XDR with fleXT had indeterminate proportions of 21/251 (8%), 2/251 (1%), 63/251 (25%), and 93/251 (37%) for fluoroquinolones, ethambutol, amikacin, and linezolid, respectively (amikacin and linezolid indeterminates higher with Fluorolyse-extracted DNA). In a hypothetical population of 100 smear-negative people with fluoroquinolone-resistant TB undergoing fleXT DNA extraction, 24/100 (24%) would be missed (one extraction error, two invalid results, 15 MTBC-negative, six fluoroquinolone-indeterminate, one false-susceptible).
Conclusion: LA-XDR met the minimum WHO target product profile for a next-generation sputum-based moderate complexity DST with high fluoroquinolones and ethambutol resistance sensitivity, moderate amikacin resistance sensitivity, and promise for linezolid resistance, for which more data are needed. Improved LA-XDR MTBC detection would reduce missed resistance.
{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of LiquidArray MTB-XDR VER1.0 for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, fluoroquinolone, amikacin, ethambutol, and linezolid susceptibility.","authors":"Erick Auma, Rencia Alberts, Brigitta Derendinger, Rouxjeane Venter, Elizabeth M Streicher, Samantha Pillay, Yonas T Ghebrekristos, Moses Mburu, Morten Ruhwald, Robin Warren, Adam Penn-Nicholson, Grant Theron, Margaretha de Vos","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae614","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cid/ciae614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug susceptibility testing (DST) is essential for starting people on effective tuberculosis (TB) regimens. No published data exists for the high-throughput LiquidArray MTB-XDR (LA-XDR) test, which detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and fluoroquinolone, amikacin, ethambutol, and linezolid susceptibility (latter two have no rapid DSTs available).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled people (n=720) with presumptive TB who provided two sputa for a Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and a culture (MTBC reference standard). Phenotypic DST and Sanger sequencing were the composite reference standards. LA-XDR on the manual FluoroLyse and automated GenoXtract-fleXT (fleXT) DNA extraction methods were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For MTBC, LA-XDR had similar sensitivities (85-87%) and specificities (99%) using each extraction method. Drug susceptibility sensitivities varied: 94% (95% CI: 86, 98) for fluoroquinolones, 64% (45, 80) for amikacin, and 88% (79, 93) for ethambutol (specificities 97-100%). 6/7 (86%) resistant linezolid isolates were detected. LA-XDR with fleXT had indeterminate proportions of 21/251 (8%), 2/251 (1%), 63/251 (25%), and 93/251 (37%) for fluoroquinolones, ethambutol, amikacin, and linezolid, respectively (amikacin and linezolid indeterminates higher with Fluorolyse-extracted DNA). In a hypothetical population of 100 smear-negative people with fluoroquinolone-resistant TB undergoing fleXT DNA extraction, 24/100 (24%) would be missed (one extraction error, two invalid results, 15 MTBC-negative, six fluoroquinolone-indeterminate, one false-susceptible).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LA-XDR met the minimum WHO target product profile for a next-generation sputum-based moderate complexity DST with high fluoroquinolones and ethambutol resistance sensitivity, moderate amikacin resistance sensitivity, and promise for linezolid resistance, for which more data are needed. Improved LA-XDR MTBC detection would reduce missed resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：