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Comparative safety of different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of outpatient community-acquired pneumonia among otherwise healthy adults 不同抗生素方案治疗门诊社区获得性肺炎的安全性比较
IF 11.8 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae519
Anne M Butler, Katelin B Nickel, Margaret A Olsen, John M Sahrmann, Ryan Colvin, Elizabeth Neuner, Caroline A O’Neil, Victoria J Fraser, Michael J Durkin
Background Evidence is limited about the comparative safety of antibiotic regimens for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We compared the risk of adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with antibiotic regimens for CAP treatment among otherwise healthy, non-elderly adults. Methods We conducted an active comparator new-user cohort study (2007-2019) of commercially-insured adults 18–64 years diagnosed with outpatient CAP, evaluated via chest x-ray, and dispensed a same-day CAP-related oral antibiotic regimen. ADE follow-up duration ranged from 2–90 days (e.g., renal failure [14 days]). We estimated risk differences [RD] per 100 treatment episodes and risk ratios using propensity score weighted Kaplan-Meier functions. Ankle/knee sprain and influenza vaccination were considered as negative control outcomes. Results Of 145,137 otherwise healthy CAP patients without comorbidities, 52% received narrow-spectrum regimens (44% macrolide, 8% doxycycline) and 48% received broad-spectrum regimens (39% fluoroquinolone, 7% β-lactam, 3% β-lactam + macrolide). Compared to macrolide monotherapy, each broad-spectrum antibiotic regimen was associated with increased risk of several ADEs (e.g., β-lactam: nausea/vomiting/abdominal pain [RD per 100, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.10–0.57]; non-Clostridioides difficile diarrhea [RD per 100, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.25–0.68]; vulvovaginal candidiasis/vaginitis [RD per 100, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.09–0.69]). Narrow-spectrum antibiotic regimens largely conferred similar risk of ADEs. We generally observed similar risks of each negative control outcome, indicating minimal confounding. Conclusions Broad-spectrum antibiotics were associated with increased risk of ADEs among otherwise healthy adults treated for CAP in the outpatient setting. Antimicrobial stewardship is needed to promote judicious use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and ultimately decrease antibiotic-related ADEs.
背景 关于治疗社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的抗生素方案的安全性比较证据有限。我们比较了与抗生素治疗方案相关的药物不良事件 (ADE) 风险,这些抗生素用于治疗其他健康的非老年成年人的 CAP。方法 我们对 18-64 岁的商业保险成年人进行了一项新用户队列研究(2007-2019 年),这些成年人在门诊被诊断为 CAP,通过胸部 X 光片进行了评估,并在当天获得了与 CAP 相关的口服抗生素治疗方案。ADE 随访时间为 2-90 天(如肾衰竭 [14 天])。我们使用倾向得分加权卡普兰-梅耶函数估算了每 100 次治疗的风险差异 [RD] 和风险比。踝关节/膝关节扭伤和流感疫苗接种被视为阴性对照结果。结果 在145137名无合并症的健康CAP患者中,52%接受了窄谱疗法(44%大环内酯类,8%强力霉素),48%接受了广谱疗法(39%氟喹诺酮类,7%β-内酰胺类,3%β-内酰胺类+大环内酯类)。与单用大环内酯类药物相比,每种广谱抗生素方案都会增加几种 ADE 的风险(如β-内酰胺类:恶心/呕吐/腹痛[RD/100,0.32;95% CI,0.10-0.57];非梭菌性艰难梭菌腹泻[RD/100,0.46;95% CI,0.25-0.68];外阴阴道念珠菌病/阴道炎[RD/100,0.36;95% CI,0.09-0.69])。窄谱抗生素治疗方案的ADEs风险基本相似。我们普遍观察到每种阴性对照结果的风险相似,这表明混杂因素极少。结论 在门诊环境中接受 CAP 治疗的健康成人中,广谱抗生素与 ADE 风险增加有关。需要加强抗菌药物管理以促进广谱抗生素的合理使用,并最终减少与抗生素相关的 ADE。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological and clinical features of a large blastomycosis outbreak at a paper mill in Michigan. 密歇根州一家造纸厂爆发的大规模囊霉菌病的流行病学和临床特征。
IF 11.8 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae513
Ian Hennessee,Sara Palmer,Rebecca Reik,Arianna Miles-Jay,Muhammad Yasir Nawaz,Heather M Blankenship,Rebecca Kramer,Adam Hughes,Michael Snyder,Robert L Yin,Anastasia P Litvintseva,Lindsay A Parnell,Lalitha Gade,Tom Chiller,Marie A de Perio,Mary Grace Stobierski,Jevon McFadden,Mitsuru Toda,
BACKGROUNDBlastomycosis is an environmentally acquired fungal infection that can result in severe pulmonary illness and high hospitalization rates. In 2023, a blastomycosis outbreak was detected among workers at a paper mill in Delta County, Michigan.METHODSWe included patients with clinical and laboratory evidence of blastomycosis who had spent ≥40 hours in Delta County since September 1, 2022 and had illness onset December 1, 2022-July 1, 2023. We assessed epidemiological and clinical features of patients and evaluated factors associated with hospitalization. We performed whole-genome sequencing to characterize genetic relatedness of clinical isolates from eight patients.RESULTSIn total, 131 patients were identified; all had worked at or visited the mill. Sixteen patients (12%) were hospitalized; one died. Compared with non-hospitalized patients, more hospitalized patients had diabetes (p=0.03) and urine antigen titers above the lower limit of quantification (p<0.001). Hospitalized patients were also more likely to have had ≥1 healthcare visits before receiving a blastomycosis diagnostic test (p=0.02) and to have been treated with antibiotics prior to antifungal prescription (p=0.001). All sequenced isolates were identified as Blastomyces gilchristii and clustered into a distinct outbreak cluster.CONCLUSIONSThis was the largest documented blastomycosis outbreak in the United States. Epidemiologic evidence indicated exposures occurred at or near the mill, and genomic findings suggested a common exposure source. Patients with diabetes may have increased risk for hospitalization, and elevated urine antigen titers could indicate greater disease severity. Early suspicion of blastomycosis may prompt earlier diagnosis and treatment, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions and improving patient outcomes.
背景 浆霉菌病是一种环境获得性真菌感染,可导致严重的肺部疾病和较高的住院率。方法我们纳入了自 2022 年 9 月 1 日以来在德尔塔县逗留时间≥40 小时且于 2022 年 12 月 1 日至 2023 年 7 月 1 日发病的临床和实验室证据显示患有布氏杆菌病的患者。我们评估了患者的流行病学和临床特征,并评估了与住院治疗相关的因素。我们对 8 名患者的临床分离株进行了全基因组测序,以确定其遗传相关性。16名患者(12%)住院治疗,其中一人死亡。与非住院患者相比,更多住院患者患有糖尿病(p=0.03),尿液抗原滴度超过定量下限(p<0.001)。住院患者也更有可能在接受囊霉菌病诊断检测前就诊≥1次(P=0.02),并在开具抗真菌处方前接受过抗生素治疗(P=0.001)。所有测序分离物均被鉴定为吉尔吉斯布氏杆菌,并聚集成一个独特的疫情群。流行病学证据表明,暴露发生在工厂或工厂附近,基因组研究结果表明存在共同的暴露源。糖尿病患者住院的风险可能会增加,尿液抗原滴度升高可能预示着病情更加严重。对囊霉菌病的早期怀疑可促使早期诊断和治疗,从而减少不必要的抗生素处方并改善患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Management of vulnerable patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with remdesivir: a retrospective comparative effectiveness study of mortality in US hospitals 使用雷米地韦对因 COVID-19 住院的易感患者进行管理:美国医院死亡率回顾性比较效果研究
IF 11.8 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae512
Essy Mozaffari, Aastha Chandak, Mark Berry, Paul E Sax, Paul Loubet, Yohei Doi, Alpesh N Amin, Neera Ahuja, Veronika Müller, Roman Casciano, Martin Kolditz
Background COVID-19 remains a major public health concern, with continued resurgences of cases and substantial risk of mortality for hospitalized patients. Remdesivir has become standard-of-care for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Given the continued evolution of the disease, clinical management relies on evidence from the current endemic period. Methods Using the PINC AI Healthcare database, effectiveness of remdesivir was evaluated among adults hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 between December 2021 and February 2024. Three cohorts were analysed: adults, elderly (≥65 years), and those with documented COVID-19 pneumonia. Analyses were stratified by oxygen requirements. Patients receiving remdesivir were matched to those not receiving remdesivir using propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine in-hospital mortality. Results 169,965 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 were included, of which 94,129 (55.4%) initiated remdesivir in the first two days of hospitalization. Remdesivir was associated with a significantly lower mortality rate as compared to no remdesivir among patients with no supplemental oxygen charges (NSOc) (aHR [95% CI]: 14-day, 0.75 [0.69-0.82]; 28-day, 0.77 [0.72-0.83]) and among those with supplemental oxygen charges (SOc): 14-day, 0.76 [0.72-0.81]; 28-day, 0.79 [0.74-0.83]) (p&lt;0.0001, for all). Similar findings were observed for elderly patients and those hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. Conclusions This evidence builds on learnings from randomized controlled trials from the pandemic era to inform clinical practices. Remdesivir was associated with significant reduction in mortality for hospitalized patients including the elderly and those with COVID-19 pneumonia.
背景 COVID-19 仍是一个重大的公共卫生问题,病例持续复发,住院患者有很大的死亡风险。雷米地韦已成为 COVID-19 住院患者的标准治疗方案。鉴于该疾病的持续发展,临床管理需要依靠当前流行期的证据。方法 利用 PINC AI Healthcare 数据库,评估了 2021 年 12 月至 2024 年 2 月期间初诊为 COVID-19 的住院成人使用雷米替韦的效果。分析了三个组群:成人、老年人(≥65 岁)和有记录的 COVID-19 肺炎患者。分析按氧气需求进行分层。使用倾向得分匹配法将接受雷米替韦治疗的患者与未接受雷米替韦治疗的患者进行配对。采用 Cox 比例危险度模型检测院内死亡率。结果 纳入了 169,965 名因 COVID-19 住院的成人,其中 94,129 人(55.4%)在住院头两天开始使用雷米替韦。与未使用雷米替韦相比,未使用补充氧气(NSOc)的患者死亡率明显降低(aHR [95% CI]:14 天,0.75 [0.69-0.82];28 天,0.77 [0.72-0.83]),使用补充氧气(SOc)的患者死亡率也明显降低(aHR [95% CI]:14 天,0.76 [0.72-0.83];28 天,0.77 [0.72-0.83]):14天,0.76 [0.72-0.81];28天,0.79 [0.74-0.83])(均为 p&lt;0.0001)。老年患者和因 COVID-19 肺炎住院的患者也观察到了类似的结果。结论 这些证据借鉴了大流行时期随机对照试验的经验,为临床实践提供了参考。雷米地韦能显著降低住院患者(包括老年人和 COVID-19 肺炎患者)的死亡率。
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引用次数: 0
Propensity score methods for confounding control in observational studies of therapeutics for COVID-19 infection 用于控制 COVID-19 感染疗法观察研究中混杂因素的倾向得分法
IF 11.8 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae516
Kathleen E Hurwitz, Nuvan Rathnayaka, Kayla Hendrickson, M Alan Brookhart
Summary The authors provide a brief overview of different propensity score methods that can be used in observational research studies that lack randomization. Under specific assumptions, these methods result in unbiased estimates of causal effects, but the different ways propensity score are used may require different assumptions and result in estimated treatment effects that can have meaningfully different interpretations. The authors review these issues and consider their implications for studies of therapeutics for COVID-19.
摘要 作者简要概述了可用于缺乏随机化的观察性研究的不同倾向得分方法。在特定的假设条件下,这些方法可以得出无偏的因果效应估计值,但倾向得分的不同使用方法可能需要不同的假设条件,并导致估计的治疗效应可能会产生有意义的不同解释。作者回顾了这些问题,并考虑了它们对 COVID-19 疗法研究的影响。
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引用次数: 0
More High-Quality Evidence Curbing Our Enthusiasm for Enhanced Terminal Decontamination of Hospital Rooms With No-Touch Technologies: Is It Lights Out for UV-C? 更多高质量证据使我们不再热衷于使用非接触式技术加强病房终端净化:紫外线-C 是否熄灯了?
IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae237
Michihiko Goto, Curtis J Donskey
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引用次数: 0
Noninferior Immunogenicity and Consistent Safety of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Adults 50-59 Years Compared to ≥60 Years of Age. 50-59岁成人与≥60岁成人相比,呼吸道合胞病毒预融合F蛋白疫苗的免疫原性和安全性均无差别。
IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae364
Murdo Ferguson, Tino F Schwarz, Sebastián A Núñez, Juan Rodríguez-García, Marek Mital, Carlos Zala, Bernhard Schmitt, Nicole Toursarkissian, Dolores Ochoa Mazarro, Josef Großkopf, Christine Voors-Pette, Hemalini Mehta, Hiwot Amare Hailemariam, Magali de Heusch, Bruno Salaun, Silvia Damaso, Marie-Pierre David, Dominique Descamps, Judith Hill, Corinne Vandermeulen, Veronica Hulstrøm

Background: The adjuvanted respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) is approved in adults aged ≥60 years. We evaluated RSVPreF3 OA immunogenicity and safety in adults aged 50-59 years without or with increased risk for RSV disease due to specific chronic medical conditions.

Methods: This observer-blind, phase 3, noninferiority trial included adults aged 50-59 years, stratified into 2 subcohorts: those with and those without predefined, stable, chronic medical conditions leading to an increased risk for RSV disease. Participants in both subcohorts were randomized 2:1 to receive RSVPreF3 OA or placebo. A control group of adults aged ≥60 years received RSVPreF3 OA. Primary outcomes were RSV-A and RSV-B neutralization titers (geometric mean titer ratios and sero-response rate differences) 1 month post-vaccination in 50-59-year-olds versus ≥60-year-olds. Cell-mediated immunity and safety were also assessed.

Results: The exposed population included 1152 participants aged 50-59 years and 381 participants aged ≥60 years. RSVPreF3 OA was immunologically noninferior in 50-59-year-olds versus ≥60-year-olds; noninferiority criteria were met for RSV-A and RSV-B neutralization titers in those with and those without increased risk for RSV disease. Frequencies of RSVPreF3-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T cells increased substantially from pre- to 1 month post-vaccination. Most solicited adverse events had mild-to-moderate intensity and were transient. Unsolicited and serious adverse event rates were similar in all groups.

Conclusions: RSVPreF3 OA was immunologically noninferior in 50-59-year-olds compared to ≥60-year-olds, in whom efficacy was previously demonstrated. The safety profile in 50-59-year-olds was consistent with that in ≥60-year-olds.

Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05590403.

背景:基于佐剂的呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)前驱F蛋白疫苗(RSVPreF3 OA)已被批准用于年龄≥60岁的成年人。我们评估了 RSVPreF3 OA 在 50-59 岁成人中的免疫原性和安全性,这些成人没有或因特定慢性疾病而增加了患 RSV 疾病的风险:这项观察盲法 3 期非劣效性试验纳入了 50-59 岁的成年人,并将其分为 2 个亚组:患有和未患有导致 RSV 患病风险增加的预定义、稳定的慢性疾病的人。两个亚群的参与者按 2:1 的比例随机接受 RSVPreF3 OA 或安慰剂。年龄≥60 岁的成人对照组接受 RSVPreF3 OA。主要结果是 50-59 岁人群与≥60 岁人群接种后 1 个月的 RSV-A 和 RSV-B 中和滴度(几何平均滴度比和血清反应率差异)。此外,还对细胞介导免疫和安全性进行了评估:暴露人群包括 1152 名 50-59 岁的参与者和 381 名≥60 岁的参与者。RSVPreF3 OA在50-59岁人群和≥60岁人群中的免疫效果不相上下;RSV-A和RSV-B中和滴度在有RSV疾病风险和无RSV疾病风险增加的人群中均达到不相上下的标准。从接种前到接种后一个月,RSVPreF3特异性多功能CD4+ T细胞的数量大幅增加。大多数主动引起的不良反应强度为轻度至中度,并且是一过性的。各组的非主动不良反应和严重不良反应发生率相似:结论:RSVPreF3 OA在50-59岁人群中的免疫效果不劣于≥60岁人群。50-59岁人群的安全性与≥60岁人群一致:临床试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov:临床试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT05590403。
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引用次数: 0
Is Short-term Antimicrobial Administration Sufficient? The Need for Considering Information on Infection-Related Variables and the Target Population. 短期使用抗菌药物是否足够?需要考虑感染相关变量和目标人群的信息。
IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae011
Mayumi Terada, Keiya Kanno, Hiroto Tamura, Jun Miyata, Takashi Yoshioka, Tetsuro Aita
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引用次数: 0
Point-of-Care Testing for Hepatitis C Infection: A Critical Building Block for the Foundation to Achieve Elimination. 丙型肝炎感染的护理点检测:实现消除丙型肝炎的关键基石。
IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae156
Jason Grebely
{"title":"Point-of-Care Testing for Hepatitis C Infection: A Critical Building Block for the Foundation to Achieve Elimination.","authors":"Jason Grebely","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae156","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cid/ciae156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Team-Based HIV Care Is the Best Care. 以团队为基础的艾滋病护理是最好的护理。
IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae264
Paul E Sax
{"title":"Team-Based HIV Care Is the Best Care.","authors":"Paul E Sax","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae264","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cid/ciae264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of VIR-2482 in Healthy Adults for Prevention of Influenza A Illness (PENINSULA). 评估 VIR-2482 在健康成人中预防甲型流感的安全性和有效性的随机安慰剂对照试验 (PENINSULA)。
IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae368
Susanna K Tan, Deborah Cebrik, David Plotnik, Maria L Agostini, Keith Boundy, Christy M Hebner, Wendy W Yeh, Phillip S Pang, Jaynier Moya, Charles Fogarty, Manuchehr Darani, Frederick G Hayden

Background: Influenza A results in significant morbidity and mortality. VIR-2482, an engineered human monoclonal antibody with extended half-life, targets a highly conserved epitope on the stem region of influenza A hemagglutinin and may protect against seasonal and pandemic influenza.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study examined the safety and efficacy of VIR-2482 for seasonal influenza A illness prevention in unvaccinated healthy adults. Participants (N = 2977) were randomized 1:1:1 to receive VIR-2482 450 mg, VIR-2482 1200 mg, or placebo via intramuscular injection. Primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were the proportions of participants with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza A infection and either protocol-defined influenza-like illness (ILI) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-defined ILI or World Health Organization-defined ILI, respectively.

Results: VIR-2482 450 mg and 1200 mg prophylaxis did not reduce the risk of protocol-defined ILI with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza A versus placebo (relative risk reduction, 3.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), -67.3 to 44.6] and 15.9% [95% CI, -49.3 to 52.3], respectively). At the 1200-mg dose, the relative risk reductions in influenza A illness were 57.2% (95% CI: -2.5 to 82.2) using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ILI and 44.1% (95% CI: -50.5 to 79.3) using World Health Organization ILI definitions, respectively. Serum VIR-2482 levels were similar regardless of influenza status; variants with reduced VIR-2482 susceptibility were not detected. Local injection site reactions were mild and similar across groups.

Conclusions: VIR-2482 1200 mg intramuscular was well tolerated but did not significantly prevent protocol-defined ILI. Secondary endpoint analyses suggest this dose may have reduced influenza A illness. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05567783.

背景:甲型流感导致严重的发病率和死亡率。VIR-2482是一种具有延长半衰期的工程化人类单克隆抗体,以甲型流感血凝素茎区的高度保守表位为靶点,可预防季节性流感和大流行性流感:这项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照的 2 期研究考察了 VIR-2482 对未接种疫苗的健康成年人预防季节性甲型流感的安全性和有效性。参与者(N = 2977)按 1:1:1 的比例随机接受 VIR-2482 450 毫克、VIR-2482 1200 毫克或安慰剂肌肉注射。主要和次要疗效终点分别为经逆转录酶聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)证实的甲型流感感染者比例,以及方案定义的流感样病症(ILI)和美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)定义的ILI或世界卫生组织(WHO)定义的ILI:与安慰剂相比,450毫克和1200毫克VIR-2482预防剂并未降低RT-PCR确诊甲型流感协议定义的ILI风险(相对风险降低率[RRR]分别为3.8%[95% CI:-67.3,44.6]和15.9%[95% CI:-49.3,52.3])。根据 CDC-ILI 和 WHO-ILI 的定义,1200 毫克剂量的甲型流感发病率分别为 57.2% [95% CI:-2.5, 82.2]和 44.1% [95% CI:-50.5, 79.3]。无论流感状况如何,血清 VIR-2482 水平相似;未检测到对 VIR-2482 敏感性降低的变种。各组的局部注射部位反应轻微且相似:结论:VIR-2482 1200 毫克 IM 的耐受性良好,但不能显著预防方案定义的 ILI。次要终点分析表明,该剂量可能会减少甲型流感的发病率。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Clinical Infectious Diseases
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