Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 106544"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147061628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 106536"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147061630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 106545"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147061634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 106542"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147061636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical and peripheral neurostimulation to improve swallowing function, aspiration, and dysphagia severity in dysphagia management: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Kondwani J. Banda , Hsin Chu , Chien-Mei Sung , Ruey Chen , Pi-Yu Su , Li-Fang Chang , Li-Chung Pien , Chu-Yi Wang , Kuei-Ru Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dysphagia compromises swallowing safety and efficiency, leading to malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, and frequent hospitalizations. Cortical neurostimulation therapies including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and theta burst stimulation (TBS), peripheral neurostimulation therapies including, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES), and paired associative stimulation (PAS) complement swallowing rehabilitative therapy (SRT) in dysphagia management. Despite growing evidence of their therapeutic potential, comparative evaluation of cortical and peripheral neurostimulation therapies in dysphagia management remains unexplored. Therefore, we conducted the first network meta-analysis (NMA) to explore comparative evidence of cortical and peripheral neurostimulation therapies on swallowing function, aspiration, and dysphagia severity for individuals with dysphagia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cochrane Library, EBSCOHost, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched until June, 2025. MetaInsight, an interactive web-based application for conducting NMA, employing Frequentist and Bayesian approaches was used for data analysis presenting standardized mean difference with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals. Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking (SUCRA) was used for ranking of neurostimulation therapies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 72 randomized controlled trials with 3589 individuals with dysphagia were included. PAS + SRT 3.47 [1.43−5.50], TBS + SRT 2.56 [0.31−4.82], NMES + SRT 2.34 [0.60−4.07], tDCS + SRT 2.28 [0.51−4.06], and rTMS + SRT 2.12 [0.38−3.85] significantly improved global swallowing function with very-large effect. NMES + SRT −0.50 [−0.76−(−0.24)], rTMS + SRT −0.45 [−0.74−(−0.17)], and SRT −0.28 [−0.54−(−0.02)] significantly reduced pharyngeal transit time (PTT) with moderate to small effect. TBS + SRT −1.81 [−3.47−(−0.16)] and rTMS −1.58 [−3.04−(−0.12)] significantly reduced aspiration with very-large effect. PAS + SRT −5.43 [−8.81−(−2.04)], NMES + SRT −5.22 [−8.46−(−1.99)], NMES −4.90 [−8.50−(−1.30)], TBS + SRT −4.79 [−8.13−(−1.46)], tDCS + SRT −4.79 [−8.05−(−1.54)], PES + SRT −4.59 [−8.05−(−1.13)], and rTMS + SRT −4.58 [−7.74−(−1.43)], SRT −3.99 [−7.14−(−0.84)], rTMS −3.94 [−7.02−(−0.87)], and PAS −0.80 [−1.37−(−0.22)] significantly reduced dysphagia severity with very-large effect. SUCRA ranking revealed PAS + SRT for global swallowing function (94.6 %) and dysphagia severity (87.3 %), NMES + SRT for PTT (86.9 %), tDCS + SRT for OTT (87.2 %), and TBS + SRT for aspiration (91.0 %) as first ranked neurostimulation therapies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that the integration of PAS, followed by either cortical (tDCS, rTMS, TBS) or peripheral (NMES) neurostimulation therapies in combination with SRT, promote supe","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 106567"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D supplementation and incidence of major depressive disorder – A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Noora-Maria Ahl ,&nbsp;Sari Hantunen ,&nbsp;Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen ,&nbsp;Christel Lamberg-Allardt ,&nbsp;JoAnn E. Manson ,&nbsp;Tarja Nurmi ,&nbsp;Matti Uusitupa ,&nbsp;Ari Voutilainen ,&nbsp;Tommi Tolmunen ,&nbsp;Jyrki K. Virtanen","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Depression is a significant public health issue, but current prevention methods are limited. Vitamin D has shown some promise in treatment of depression, but evidence for primary prevention is inconclusive. We investigated the effects of long-term vitamin D₃ supplementation on the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 2012–2018. Participants were randomized to receive either 1600 IU/day (n = 814) or 3200 IU/day (n = 817) of vitamin D₃ or placebo (n = 803) for 5 years. The primary endpoint of the current study was incident MDD, diagnosed by physician, during the 5-year supplementation period. The secondary endpoint was incident MDD during an extended follow-up until the end of 2021. A sub-cohort of 542 participants had more detailed in-person investigations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2434 participants (mean age 68.2 years; 42.5 % women), 1786 completed the 5-year intervention. During the mean 4.2-year follow-up, there were 14, 11 and 8 MDD events in the placebo, 1600 IU/day (hazard ratio (HR), 0.78; 95 % CI 0.35–1.71; <em>P</em> = 0.53), and 3200 IU/day (HR, 0.57; 95 % CI 0.24–1.35; <em>P</em> = 0.20) arms. During the extended mean 7.8-year follow-up, there were in total 29, 18 and 16 MDD events in the placebo, 1600 IU/day (HR, 0.61; 95 % CI 0.34–1.10; <em>P</em> = 0.10) and 3200 IU/day (HR 0.54; 95 % CI 0.30–1.00; <em>P</em> = 0.05) arms. In the sub-cohort, the mean ± SD baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 75 ± 18 nmol/L. After 12 months, the concentrations were 73 ± 18 nmol/L, 100 ± 21 nmol/L, and 120 ± 22 nmol/L in the placebo, 1600 IU/day, and 3200 IU/day arms, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Vitamin D₃ supplementation did not lower the incidence of MDD during the 5-year supplementation period among largely vitamin D sufficient aging adults. However, there was a borderline indication of benefit during a longer follow-up, possibly suggesting a delayed effect of supplementation.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial Registry number</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov: <span><span>NCT01463813</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01463813</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (date of registration Nov 1, 2011).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 106570"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a novel synbiotic intervention on abdominal visceral fat reductions and gut microbiota in overweight and obese adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","authors":"Nengjuan Li ,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhu ,&nbsp;Shuang Wu ,&nbsp;Daochen Gong ,&nbsp;Richard Day ,&nbsp;Vineetha Vijayakumar ,&nbsp;Xiao Yu ,&nbsp;Qiuxia Chen ,&nbsp;Yuting Feng ,&nbsp;Qiong Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiming Hu ,&nbsp;Jinjun Li ,&nbsp;Jun Du ,&nbsp;Changyun Xu ,&nbsp;Wang Li ,&nbsp;Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Jiang Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Emerging evidence highlight the gut microbiome as an important regulator of metabolic health, with probiotics and prebiotics demonstrating exciting potential for their role in health promotion. This study aims to investigate a novel synbiotic formulation comprising four probiotic strains (<em>Bifidobacterium animalis</em> subsp. <em>lactis</em> CECT 8145, and three <em>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</em> strains), prebiotics (inulin, fructooligosaccharides), and <em>Chrysanthemum morifolium</em> extract. We hypothesized that this intervention would improve metabolic health parameters, particularly visceral adiposity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial with a 6-week post-intervention follow-up, 112 participants (BMI: 24.0–34.9 kg/m²) received daily synbiotic or a matched placebo. Changes in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area, serving as the primary endpoint, were quantified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Secondary outcomes included analysis of blood biochemical parameters, body composition, and fecal microbiota characterization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with placebo, synbiotic supplementation significantly reduced VAT area from baseline to week 12 (p = 0.048). In subgroup analyses by gender and BMI, the effect was more pronounced in men than in women (p = 0.051) and was highly significant in individuals with 24 ≤ BMI &lt;28 (p = 0.003). However, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) increased in the 24 ≤ BMI &lt;28 subgroup (p = 0.027). Although no significant changes occurred in blood biochemistry, BMI, or waist circumference, the synbiotic group showed a trend toward greater total body fat reduction between weeks 12–18 (p = 0.077). Microbiota analysis revealed transient enrichment of <em>B. animalis</em> subsp. <em>lactis</em> (ASV110) and <em>L. rhamnosus</em> (ASV473), which dissipated by week 18.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This synbiotic formulation reduced visceral fat, a key driver of metabolic dysfunction, and modulated adipose distribution, particularly in men and overweight (24 ≤ BMI &lt;28) individuals. These results support its use as a functional food for visceral adiposity management.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This study was registered on the website of <span><span>www.chictr.org.cn</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, number ChiCTR2400088457.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 106560"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake of total, animal, and plant proteins and risk of frailty: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Mohammadreza Moradi Baniasadi ,&nbsp;Maryam Khakbaz ,&nbsp;Leila Azadbakht","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>There is a knowledge gap about the dose–response association between types of protein intake and frailty risk. We designed a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to synthesize the current evidence on the relationship between total, animal, and plant protein consumption and the risk of frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic literature search across online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify relevant publications up to August 1, 2025. We calculated the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) for the highest and lowest protein intake categories, using a random-effects model to account for variation across studies. To shed light on the shape of the association between total, animal, and plant protein intake and frailty, both linear and non-linear dose–response analyses were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of seven prospective cohort studies were included in the analysis. Among the 125,322 individuals, 18,486 cases were reported during the 3 to 22-year follow-up. Higher total protein consumption was associated with a lower risk of frailty than the lowest intake (RR: 0.79; 95 % CI: 0.62, 1.00; <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 82.7 %; n = 7; GRADE = very low). Plant protein intake was found to reduce the risk of frailty significantly (RR: 0.87; 95 % CI: 0.82, 0.93; <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 3.2 %; n = 4; GRADE = moderate). We did not observe any linear or non-linear association between total, animal, and plant protein intake and frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our research suggests that higher consumption of total and plant protein is linked to a reduced risk of frailty. Larger-scale prospective cohort studies are essential for obtaining stronger and more accurate results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 106569"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aronia melanocarpa extract supplementation affects brain vascular function and cognitive performance: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in older adults with overweight or obesity","authors":"Sanne Ahles ,&nbsp;Jogchum Plat ,&nbsp;Kevin MR. Nijssen ,&nbsp;Peter J. Joris","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Dietary anthocyanins are recognized for their potential beneficial effects on cognitive performance. It remains unclear which mechanisms underlie these effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of anthocyanin-rich Aronia Melanocarpa extract (AME) on (brain) vascular function and cognitive performance in adults at increased risk of cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty healthy older adults (age: 65 ± 6 years old) with overweight or obesity (BMI: 28.3 ± 2.7 kg/m²) were included in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of 6 weeks (40 mg anthocyanins/day). At the end of each study period, cerebral blood flow (CBF), a marker of brain vascular function, was assessed using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI). Additionally, cognitive performance was assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), cerebral perfusion with transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and peripheral vascular function through endothelial function and retinal microvascular caliber measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AME supplementation did not affect CBF in predefined brain regions, but regional CBF decreased in one cluster located in the right insular cortex (treatment effect 4.4 ± 3.6 mL/100 g/min; p = 0.004), compared to placebo. Furthermore, cognitive performance was improved on the spatial working memory test, reflecting the executive function domain as the between errors and total errors were reduced by 20 % (−3; 95 % CI: −5 to −1; p = 0.006). Memory and psychomotor speed did not change, while cerebral perfusion and peripheral vascular function measurements were also not affected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Six weeks of AME supplementation improved executive functioning in older adults with overweight or obesity. Although CBF decreased in the right insular cortex, the relevance remains unclear. CBF in predefined brain regions and other potential underlying mechanisms were not affected..</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial Registry</h3><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrial.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT 05268133.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 106561"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the planetary health diet and healthy aging: A prospective analysis","authors":"Javier Maroto-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Rosario Ortolá ,&nbsp;Esther García-Esquinas ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ,&nbsp;Mercedes Sotos-Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.106562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) was designed to align environmental objectives with human health. This is the first study to assess the relationship between the PHDI and healthy aging, measured by intrinsic capacity (IC) and physical frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 19,505 participants in the UK Biobank cohort. Dietary intake was assessed using two to five 24-h assessments, and the PHDI was constructed based on 15 food groups. IC was assessed according to the Integrated Care for Older People guidelines with a score between 0 and 10 points (higher score indicated higher IC); while frailty was assessed using Rockwood's frailty index (FI) and Fried's frailty phenotype (FP). Linear regression was used to examine the relationship between PHDI and IC, and logistic regression for associations with frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After a median follow-up of 6.25 years, higher adherence to the PHDI was associated with greater IC: the mean difference (95 % CI) for the 3rd vs. 1st tertile of PHDI was 0.46 (0.05, 0.86). Higher adherence to the PHDI was associated with lower frailty risk: the odds ratios comparing extreme tertiles of PHDI were 0.80 (0.71, 0.90) for FI and 0.62 (0.43, 0.88) for FP. Fish &amp; seafood was independently associated with higher IC and less frailty, while whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts &amp; seeds and limiting added sugars &amp; juices were linked to lower frailty risk..</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this cohort of British adults, greater adherence to the PHDI was associated with improved IC and lower frailty risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 106562"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}