Clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Brown adipose tissue is associated with reduced weight loss and risk of cancer cachexia: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Grigorios Panagiotou ,&nbsp;Demsina Babazadeh ,&nbsp;Dario F. Mazza ,&nbsp;Soheila Azghadi ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Cawood ,&nbsp;Aaron S. Rosenberg ,&nbsp;Fumiaki Imamura ,&nbsp;Nita G. Forouhi ,&nbsp;Abhijit J. Chaudhari ,&nbsp;Yasser G. Abdelhafez ,&nbsp;Ramsey D. Badawi ,&nbsp;Maria Chondronikola","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been mainly investigated as a potential target against cardiometabolic disease, but it has also been linked to cancer-related outcomes. Although preclinical data support that BAT and the thermogenic adipocytes in white adipose tissue may play an adverse role in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia, results from studies in patients have reported inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationship between presence of detectable BAT, changes in body weight, and cachexia in patients with cancer. We hypothesized that evidence of BAT at cancer diagnosis would be associated with greater weight loss and risk of cancer cachexia up to a year after cancer diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study in treatment-naïve patients with detectable BAT (BAT+, n = 57) and without evidence of BAT (BAT-, n = 73) on 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-<span>d</span>-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG-PET-CT) imaging performed for cancer staging (2004–2020). Patients’ clinical, demographic, and anthropometric characteristics were extracted from their electronic medical record for up to a year after diagnosis. The two groups were <em>a priori</em> matched for demographic, anthropometric, and disease-related characteristics at diagnosis, as well as for season and outdoor temperature on the day of the PET-CT scan. Cancer cachexia was defined as weight loss greater than 5 % or 2 % if body mass index was lower than 20 kg/m². Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate the relative risk (RR) for developing cancer cachexia over the 1-year follow-up among BAT+ compared to BAT- patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The BAT+ group experienced a lower magnitude of weight loss compared with the BAT- group during the 1-year follow-up (p = 0.014 for interaction between BAT status and time). The risk for cancer cachexia was 44 % lower in the BAT+ than the BAT- group, adjusted for age, sex, outdoor temperature on the day of the ¹⁸F-FDG-PET-CT imaging, cancer site and stage (RR: 0.56, 95 % CI: 0.32 to 0.97).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Contrary to our original hypothesis, evidence of BAT assessed by ¹⁸F-FDG-PET-CT imaging at cancer diagnosis was associated with greater body weight maintenance and lower risk for developing cancer cachexia up to one year after diagnosis. Larger, prospective studies and mechanistic experiments are needed to expand and identify the causal factors of our observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 262-269"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adiposity and inflammation markers explain mostly part of the plasma zonulin variation in Brazilian adults with overweight/obesity: A cross-sectional analysis from Brazilian nuts study","authors":"Madalena Geralda Cupertino Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Ana Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn ,&nbsp;Josefina Bressan ,&nbsp;Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated intestinal permeability according to plasma zonulin and its association with adiposity, inflammation, cardiometabolic risk, liver function, and intestinal health markers in adults with overweight/obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This study is a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the Brazilian Nut Study, which involved 123 participants (93 women, age 33.2 ± 8.58 years, BMI 33.9 ± 4.30kg/m2). Subjects were divided into quartiles according to plasma zonulin, assessed by Elisa. Cytokines were assessed by flow cytometry; anthropometric measurements were collected by standard procedure and body composition was assessed by DXA. SCFA analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and fecal pH, by a pH meter. Linear regression models were performed (α&lt;5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants included in the last quartile of plasma zonulin had higher values of body fat (%), pro-inflammatory cytokines (CRP, IL-1). According to the multivariate regression model, each one-unit increased in body fat, CRP, IL-12p70, IL-6 and IL-8 resulted correspondingly in an increment of 0.42, 0.14, 0.192, 0.250 and 0.312 ng/ml in plasma zonulin, respectively. Conversely, a one-unit decreased in IL-10 led to an increase of 0.40 ng/ml in plasma zonulin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Intestinal permeability assessed by plasma zonulin is associated with adiposity, subclinical inflammation and reduced serum HDL levels adults with overweight/obesity, while adiposity and inflammation markers are independent factors for plasma zonulin variation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 22-30"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D deficiency may accelerate cognitive decline in female apolipoprotein E ε4 non-carriers","authors":"Jiwon Kim ,&nbsp;Eunjeong Ji ,&nbsp;Jong Bin Bae ,&nbsp;Ji Won Han ,&nbsp;Tae Hui Kim ,&nbsp;Kyung Phil Kwak ,&nbsp;Bong Jo Kim ,&nbsp;Shin Gyeom Kim ,&nbsp;Jeong Lan Kim ,&nbsp;Seok Woo Moon ,&nbsp;Joon Hyuk Park ,&nbsp;Seung-Ho Ryu ,&nbsp;Jong Chul Youn ,&nbsp;Dong Young Lee ,&nbsp;Dong Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Seok Bum Lee ,&nbsp;Jung Jae Lee ,&nbsp;Jin Hyeong Jhoo ,&nbsp;Junghan Song ,&nbsp;Kyunghoon Lee ,&nbsp;Ki Woong Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>The impact of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on cognition remains controversial. Evidences suggest that variability based on apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and gender, given APOE ε4's influence on vitamin D metabolism and women's heightened vitamin D sensitivity. We investigated the interplay between APOE ε4, gender, and VDD in cognitive decline among older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a population-based cohort of 1547 cognitively normal Koreans aged ≥60 years, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) changes were tracked biennially (2010–2020). VDD was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D &lt; 10 ng/mL. Linear mixed models analyzed VDD effects, with subgroup analyses for APOE ε4 status and gender.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>VDD was present in 21.3 % at baseline and was linked to faster MMSE decline (estimate = −0.054, 95 % CI [-0.091, −0.017], p = 0.004), particularly in APOE ε4 non-carriers (estimate = −0.070, 95 % CI [-0.112, −0.029], p = 0.001). A gender-based analysis revealed that this effect was significant only in female non-carriers (estimate = −0.097, 95 % CI [-0.156, −0.038], p = 0.001). Conversely, male non-carriers demonstrated an absence of a statistically significant association (estimate = −0.017, 95 % CI [-0.076, 0.041], p = 0.562).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>VDD accelerates cognitive decline in cognitively normal APOE ε4 non-carriers, particularly women, underscoring the importance of tailored prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease modifies the dependency of percentiles of the phase angle distribution on age, sex, height and weight in hospitalized patients","authors":"Mathias Plauth ,&nbsp;Peter Bauer ,&nbsp;Melanie Viertel ,&nbsp;Michael Reich ,&nbsp;Michael Hiesmayr","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Phase angle (PhA) is viewed as a holistic indicator of quantity and quality of cellularity and hydration status and has emerged as a significant predictor of patient outcome in clinical medicine. We sought to analyze the impact of hospitalization as a surrogate for disease on the distribution of PhA and its dependency on influence variables age, sex, height and weight without any assumption as to the form of PhA-distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>First PhA measurements obtained from 2418 women (median age 75 IQR[63; 82]) and 2541 men (median age 70 IQR[60; 79]) hospitalized in a Community General Hospital were analyzed. Multivariable quantile regression was applied for estimating percentiles P1 – P95 using parsimonious models including a dichotomous factor for sex and cubic polynomials for age (model A) and height and weight (model B) using only linear interaction terms between the four variables sex, age, height, and weight.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The association of PhA was strongest with age (women <em>r</em> = −0.48; men <em>r</em> = −0.47). In each age class average PhA values of hospitalized patients were below those reported for healthy individuals. In contrast to percentiles above the median showing a monotonous decrease with age as reported from healthy individuals the lower percentiles of patients showed a marked dip-and-plateau deformation. This deformation was associated with a change in the distribution span of PhA between P1 and P95 which was narrower at young age, expanded markedly due to a persisting fraction of patients with low PhA over the age range from 50 to 80 years and became narrower again at higher age due to the decreasing fraction of patients with high PhA. These distribution patterns were the same, irrespective of using either model A or model B. Furthermore, bootstrapping confirmed the estimated form of the percentile curves.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Disease modifies the PhA distribution pattern resulting not only in lower PhA in patients than in healthy individuals but also in a dip-and-plateau deformation of lower PhA percentile curves for the association with age. The dip-and-plateau pattern and the narrowing of the span between P1 and P95 with older age suggest that there is a low threshold value for PhA, below which life is impossible.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registry</h3><div>DRKS00025307, <span><span>https://www.drks.de/DRKS00025307</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of 6 months dietary counseling on diet quality and cardiovascular risk profile in patients with cardiovascular disease: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Iris van Damme ,&nbsp;Eva R. van Veldhuisen ,&nbsp;Auke J.C.F. Verkaar ,&nbsp;Remy H.H. Bemelmans ,&nbsp;Marcel M.C. Hovens ,&nbsp;Frank L.J. Visseren ,&nbsp;Charlotte Koopal ,&nbsp;Renate M. Winkels ,&nbsp;Johanna M. Geleijnse","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>A healthy diet improves cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, dietary counseling is not yet widely implemented in health care for patients with CVD. We assessed how dietary counseling by a dietitian, focused on improving diet quality, influenced the cardiovascular risk profile of patients with CVD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this 6-month trial, 124 patients with CVD (68.1 ± 9.5 years, 72 % men) were randomly assigned to counseling by a dietitian (n = 63) or usual care (n = 61). Difference in cardiovascular risk profile between groups was assessed with a 10-year composite cardiovascular risk prediction score including changes in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Secondary outcomes included adherence to a healthy diet as assessed with the Dutch Healthy Eating Index-2015 (DHD15-index), individual risk factors (LDL-C, blood pressure, body weight, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) as well as depressive symptoms and optimism scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DHD15-index at baseline was 103 ± 18 out of 160 and increased 5.7 points more in the dietary counseling group compared to the usual care group (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.3; 10.1). Multivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in changes over time in 10-year cardiovascular risk score (0.6 %, 95%CI: −4.1 %; 5.3 %), blood pressure (−2 mmHg, 95%CI: −7; 4), LDL-C (0.0 mmol/l, 95%CI: 0.2; 0.2), body weight (−0.7 kg, 95%CI: −2.9; 1.5), hs-CRP (0.71 mg/dl, 95%CI: −1.20; 2.62) or depressive symptoms and optimism scores between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dietary counseling for patients with CVD for 6 months only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and did not result in substantial improvement in cardiovascular risk profile or depressive symptoms and optimism scores.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05071092</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital dietary interventions for healthy adolescents: A systematic review of behavior change techniques, engagement strategies, and adherence","authors":"Geiziane Leite Rodrigues Melo ,&nbsp;Rafaela Espírito Santo ,&nbsp;Eugeni Mas Clavel ,&nbsp;Marina Bosque Prous ,&nbsp;Karsten Koehler ,&nbsp;Josep Vidal-Alaball ,&nbsp;Judith van der Waerden ,&nbsp;Inese Gobiņa ,&nbsp;José Francisco López-Gil ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Lima ,&nbsp;Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adolescence is a crucial phase for developing healthy eating habits with lifelong health implications. Digital interventions, such as smartphone apps and web platforms, have emerged as promising strategies to promote healthy eating habits among adolescents by using behavior change techniques (BCTs). This study aims to systematically review internet-based dietary interventions targeting adolescents, focusing on the analysis of BCTs employed, their delivery modes, and their impact on adolescents' adherence and engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used up to July 2024. Eligible studies included randomized clinical trials involving adolescents aged 12 to 18. The interventions analyzed involved smartphone apps and web platforms promoting changes in eating habits, with results focusing on adherence and techniques used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The initial search identified 5399 articles, of which 16 studies were included in the final analysis. The studies involved a total of 31,971 participants (range: 29–7890), with 40.29 % being female (n = 12,881), aged 12–18 years. The duration of interventions ranged from two weeks up to 12 months, with follow-ups of up to 24 months. Interventions that utilized BCTs such as goal setting (n = 14), feedback on behavior (n = 14), social support (n = 14), prompts/cues (n = 13), and self-monitoring (n = 12), were the most effective in promoting adherence and engagement. Digital dietary interventions that incorporated personalized feedback (n = 9) and gamification (n = 1) showed adherence rates between 63 % and 85.5 %, with notable improvements in dietary habits, such as increased fruit and vegetable consumption and reduced intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. However, the intervention using gamification involved only 36 participants, and its effects require further investigation due to the limited sample size.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Digital interventions show potential for promoting healthy dietary behaviors among adolescents, yet mixed outcomes underscore the challenges of maintaining adherence and long-term engagement. Techniques such as self-monitoring, goal setting, and social support can enhance engagement and effectiveness, particularly when combined with gamified features. The trial protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024564261).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 176-192"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on hormones regulating appetite in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Deema M. Alogaiel ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alsuwaylihi ,&nbsp;May S. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Ian A. Macdonald ,&nbsp;Dileep N. Lobo","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on appetite-regulating hormones including leptin, ghrelin, insulin, gastrin, glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, and cholecystokinin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant research on appetite-regulating hormones during Ramadan intermittent fasting, published until the end of March 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 16 eligible studies comprising 664 participants (341, 51.4 % male) with a mean ± standard deviation age of 33.9 ± 10.8 years were included. The meta-analysis included 12 studies with complete leptin data, showing no significant effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on leptin concentrations (standardised mean difference – SMD = −0.11 μg/mL, 95 % CI: −0.36 to 0.14). Analysis of three studies with complete ghrelin data demonstrated a significant increase in ghrelin concentrations following Ramadan intermittent fasting (SMD = 0.31 pg/mL, 95 % CI: 0.03 to 0.60). Six studies examining insulin concentrations pre- and post-fasting revealed no significant effect on insulin concentrations (SMD = −0.24 μU/mL, 95 % CI: −0.54 to 0.02). Similarly, analysis of three studies with complete gastrin data showed no significant effect of intermittent fasting on gastrin concentrations (SMD = 0.23 pg/mL, 95 % CI: −0.71 to 0.99).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ramadan intermittent fasting significantly increases ghrelin concentrations while showing no significant effects on leptin, insulin, and gastrin. While ghrelin findings were consistent across studies, the high heterogeneity in leptin studies suggests further research to better understand the effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on appetite-regulating hormones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 250-261"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Dietary patterns, inflammatory biomarkers and cognition in older adults: An analysis of three population-based cohorts” [Clin Nutr 10 (43) (2024) 2336-2343]","authors":"Natalia Ortega ,&nbsp;Leona Schütte ,&nbsp;Tosca O.E. de Crom ,&nbsp;Trudy Voortman ,&nbsp;Olivia I. Okereke ,&nbsp;Marco Vinceti ,&nbsp;Armin von Gunten ,&nbsp;Pedro Marques-Vidal ,&nbsp;Nicolas Rodondi ,&nbsp;Arnaud Chiolero ,&nbsp;Patricia O. Chocano-Bedoya","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 134-135"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low maternal iodine intake and subsequent risk of pharmacologically treated hypertension: A population-based prospective cohort study","authors":"Mari Bergflødt Wikerholmen ,&nbsp;Hanne Rosendahl-Riise ,&nbsp;Kristin Øksendal Børresen ,&nbsp;Teresa Risan Haugsgjerd ,&nbsp;Eva Gerdts ,&nbsp;Anne Lise Brantsæter","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Iodine deficiency is linked to multiple adverse health outcomes, but there is scarce knowledge regarding iodine intake and development of chronic hypertension. We aimed to investigate the prospective association between habitual dietary iodine intake and pharmacologically treated hypertension in mothers up to 10 years after delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present study is based on data from an ongoing pregnancy cohort and includes 58,629 women without thyroid dysfunction and hypertension at baseline. The study outcome was new-onset hypertension defined according to antihypertensive medication use initiated 90 days after delivery registered in the national prescription database. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % Confidence Intervals (95 % CI) using Cox regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a median follow-up duration of 7.1 years, a total of 1422 (2.4 %) women developed new-onset hypertension. There was a non-linear association between dietary iodine intake and new-onset hypertension. Women with iodine intakes lower than 100 μg/day had significantly higher risk than those with iodine intakes in the recommended range 150–199 μg/day (adjusted HR, 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.09, 1.53). This was evident in normotensive pregnancies (adjusted HR 1.25; 95 % CI: 1.01, 1.54) and in women with gestational hypertension (adjusted HR 1.35; 95 % CI: 1.00, 1.83). The association between low iodine intake and hypertension remained in all sensitivity analyses considering pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests that women with iodine intakes below 100 μg/day have a higher likelihood of new-onset hypertension and adds supporting evidence to the importance of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in women of reproductive age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-based dietary patterns, nutrient intake, growth, and body composition in childhood: Results from a prospective population-based study","authors":"Hong Sun ,&nbsp;Marinka Steur ,&nbsp;Yuchan Mou ,&nbsp;Trudy Voortman","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Transitioning to more plant-based diets promotes environmental sustainability and has health benefits for adults. However, associations with nutrient intake adequacy and growth in children remain unknown. This study aimed to examine associations of plant-based diets with nutrient intake levels among children, and with longitudinal growth and body composition up to adolescence.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We included 3340 children in the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort. Food and nutrient intake were assessed at the age of 8 years, and anthropometrics and body composition (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were measured at the ages of 10 and 13 years. Plant-based diets were quantified using three plant-based diet indices (PDIs): overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI). Modified Poisson regression and linear mixed models were used to estimate the associations of PDIs with nutrient intake levels, and with sex- and age-standardized measures of anthropometrics and body composition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher scores on each of the three PDIs were associated with lower intake of vitamin B2, B12, and calcium, while higher hPDI score was associated with higher intake levels of fiber, vitamin C, magnesium, and copper. Higher hPDI score was also associated with higher fat-free mass index (FFMI) z-score (0.05 per 10-hPDI score increment, 95 % CI: 0.01, 0.10), and with lower body fat percentage z-score (−0.05, 95 % CI: −0.09, −0.01), while higher uPDI score was associated with lower height, weight, and FFMI z-score (FFMI: −0.08, 95 % CI: −0.12, −0.03) up to age of 13 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this cohort study, higher adherence to healthful plant-based diets, rather than unhealthful ones, was associated with better nutrient intakes, and subsequent healthy body composition throughout childhood to adolescence. Our findings suggest that consuming healthful plant-based foods may contribute to children's diets' nutrient quality and subsequent body composition. Still, attention should be given to ensuring balanced and adequate nutrient intake for optimal plant-based eating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 202-211"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}