Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21627
DF Abang Ibrahim, Z. Zainuren, A. Venkiteswaran, WH Wan Ahmad Kamil
Mucocele is a common pathological lesion in the oral cavity occurring due to obstruction of the salivary gland. The diagnosis is mainly clinical due to its pathognomonic presentation, but it has to be confirmed with histopathological analysis for a definitive diagnosis. A 12-year-old boy went to the Paediatric dental specialist clinic with a chief complaint of a swelling on the left side of the lower lip for about seven months. The aetiological factor was due to trauma secondary to malalignment of an upper canine. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed histologically. The treatment involved surgical resection of the affected tissue, and no recurrence was observed after the surgical procedure. Mucocele is a common soft tissue lesion in the oral cavity and can be successfully resolved via a conventional surgical approach.
{"title":"Mucocele of Lower Lip: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"DF Abang Ibrahim, Z. Zainuren, A. Venkiteswaran, WH Wan Ahmad Kamil","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21627","url":null,"abstract":"Mucocele is a common pathological lesion in the oral cavity occurring due to obstruction of the salivary gland. The diagnosis is mainly clinical due to its pathognomonic presentation, but it has to be confirmed with histopathological analysis for a definitive diagnosis. A 12-year-old boy went to the Paediatric dental specialist clinic with a chief complaint of a swelling on the left side of the lower lip for about seven months. The aetiological factor was due to trauma secondary to malalignment of an upper canine. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed histologically. The treatment involved surgical resection of the affected tissue, and no recurrence was observed after the surgical procedure. Mucocele is a common soft tissue lesion in the oral cavity and can be successfully resolved via a conventional surgical approach.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84665630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21610
A. Azman, A. Rahimi, Y. Shoji
Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study is to analyse the prevalence of patients referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic at UiTM Dental Centre that are diagnosed with non-odontogenic pain. This study is also done to classify the type of non-odontogenic pain that is most common to least commonly diagnosed while studying its correlation to age and gender. Methods: 200 patients referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic at UiTM Dental Centre and have been diagnosed by the specialist are selected. Their data including the diagnosis, age and gender are retrieved from the centre’s online dental records. Results: Among 109 patients, 72.5% are female while 27.5% are male. Most commonly diagnosed non-odontogenic orofacial pain is from musculoskeletal origin (83.1%), followed by neuropathic origin (6.8%), neurovascular (5.1%) and psychogenic (5.1%). Conclusion: Non-odontogenic pain mostly affected women compared to men, and the most common age to be affected is in the range of 21-30 years old. The most commonly diagnosed non-odontogenic pain is from musculoskeletal origin.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Non-Odontogenic Pain in UiTM Dental Centre: A Retrospective Study","authors":"A. Azman, A. Rahimi, Y. Shoji","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21610","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study is to analyse the prevalence of patients referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic at UiTM Dental Centre that are diagnosed with non-odontogenic pain. This study is also done to classify the type of non-odontogenic pain that is most common to least commonly diagnosed while studying its correlation to age and gender. Methods: 200 patients referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic at UiTM Dental Centre and have been diagnosed by the specialist are selected. Their data including the diagnosis, age and gender are retrieved from the centre’s online dental records. Results: Among 109 patients, 72.5% are female while 27.5% are male. Most commonly diagnosed non-odontogenic orofacial pain is from musculoskeletal origin (83.1%), followed by neuropathic origin (6.8%), neurovascular (5.1%) and psychogenic (5.1%). Conclusion: Non-odontogenic pain mostly affected women compared to men, and the most common age to be affected is in the range of 21-30 years old. The most commonly diagnosed non-odontogenic pain is from musculoskeletal origin.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79825888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21626
Nfa Mohamad Habibullah, H. Ishak, N. Mohammad, Maf Anuar, A. Amir, IH Ismail
Objective: Our aim is to propose a method for determining a more convenient artificial ageing (AA) protocol, which may be used to compare the optical / mechanical properties of universal to conventional composite. Methods: Artificial ageing (AA) protocol was adapted from (Alp et al., 2018) for thermocycling and (Jasin et al., 2018) for static immersion, which arbitrarily simulating 6 and 7 months of oral environment, respectively. In phase 1, Filtek Z350XT® will be used to be immersed in coffee solution (test group) with distilled (control group) water. Colour changes will be measured and calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula and data will be statistically analysed to determine a meeting time point of colour change occurrence. Measurement will be repeated thrice to validate the new static emersion method. In phase 2, this new static immersion AA protocol will be used to compare Omnichroma's® colour stability with translucency to the Filtek Z350XT®. In phase 3, SEM EDS will be used to measure quantitative and qualitatively the occurrence of subsurface properties changes in Omnichroma® and Filtek Z350XT®. Finally, the discs’ microhardness will be evaluated. Significance: Presently, it is very difficult to precisely simulate the oral environment. In comparison to thermocycling, static immersion is a more convenient AA method. Establishing an evidence-based protocol may well potentially serve as a guide for researchers to assuredly select the more simplified AA protocol for future dental material development and clinical usage scenarios.
目的:我们的目的是提出一种确定更方便的人工老化(AA)方案的方法，该方案可用于比较通用复合材料与常规复合材料的光学/力学性能。方法:采用人工老化(AA)方案，采用(Alp et al.， 2018)进行热循环，采用(Jasin et al.， 2018)进行静态浸泡，分别任意模拟6个月和7个月的口腔环境。在第一阶段，Filtek Z350XT®将用蒸馏水(对照组)浸泡在咖啡溶液(试验组)中。使用CIEDE2000公式测量和计算颜色变化，并对数据进行统计分析，以确定颜色变化发生的时间点。测量将重复三次，以验证新的静态再现方法。在第二阶段，这种新的静态沉浸式AA协议将用于比较Omnichroma®的色彩稳定性和半透明性与Filtek Z350XT®。在第三阶段，SEM EDS将用于定量和定性地测量Omnichroma®和Filtek Z350XT®的地下性质变化。最后，评估椎间盘的显微硬度。意义:目前，精确模拟口腔环境是非常困难的。与热循环相比，静态浸泡是一种更方便的AA方法。建立一个基于证据的方案很有可能为研究人员在未来牙科材料开发和临床应用场景中选择更简化的AA方案提供指导。
{"title":"Determining Artificial Ageing Methods and Evaluating Properties of Universal Composite Resin: A Review and Proposed Protocol","authors":"Nfa Mohamad Habibullah, H. Ishak, N. Mohammad, Maf Anuar, A. Amir, IH Ismail","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21626","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Our aim is to propose a method for determining a more convenient artificial ageing (AA) protocol, which may be used to compare the optical / mechanical properties of universal to conventional composite. Methods: Artificial ageing (AA) protocol was adapted from (Alp et al., 2018) for thermocycling and (Jasin et al., 2018) for static immersion, which arbitrarily simulating 6 and 7 months of oral environment, respectively. In phase 1, Filtek Z350XT® will be used to be immersed in coffee solution (test group) with distilled (control group) water. Colour changes will be measured and calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula and data will be statistically analysed to determine a meeting time point of colour change occurrence. Measurement will be repeated thrice to validate the new static emersion method. In phase 2, this new static immersion AA protocol will be used to compare Omnichroma's® colour stability with translucency to the Filtek Z350XT®. In phase 3, SEM EDS will be used to measure quantitative and qualitatively the occurrence of subsurface properties changes in Omnichroma® and Filtek Z350XT®. Finally, the discs’ microhardness will be evaluated. Significance: Presently, it is very difficult to precisely simulate the oral environment. In comparison to thermocycling, static immersion is a more convenient AA method. Establishing an evidence-based protocol may well potentially serve as a guide for researchers to assuredly select the more simplified AA protocol for future dental material development and clinical usage scenarios.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80222992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21615
Nmmnm Rosdy, AA Kassim, MI Maruan
Objectives: This study aimed to determine patients’ satisfaction in the quality of dental care provided by the Faculty of Dentistry, UiTM and to identify specific aspects in the service for improvement. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and December 2018 in the faculty’s clinics using a validated bilingual Short-Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18) scale. Results: A total of 384 subjects comprised of 57.9% females and 41.8% males were recruited for this study. 92.2% of the respondent were Malay. Most of the subjects had at least two visits (43.4%) in the past. There were seven subscales studied based on the questionnaires: General Satisfaction; Technical Quality; Interpersonal Manner; Communication; Financial Aspects; Time Spent with Doctor; Accessibility and Convenience. There were 51% of the respondents who were very satisfied with the service provided in general. More specifically, 60.8% and 55.8% of respondents were very satisfied with the technical quality and interpersonal manner of the clinician, respectively. Other subscales of the questionnaires were on the communication between clinicians and patients whereby 56.6% were very satisfied. Remarkably, only 50.8% of respondents were satisfied with the financial aspects, even though the majority of patients were paying at no cost when treated by students. In terms of time spent with doctor and accessibility to the clinician, 54.0% and 55.5% of respondents were satisfied, respectively. Conclusion: Generally, patients were satisfied with the dental services provided in the Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). However, some aspects of service can be further improved.
{"title":"Patient Satisfaction towards Dental Services in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia","authors":"Nmmnm Rosdy, AA Kassim, MI Maruan","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21615","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to determine patients’ satisfaction in the quality of dental care provided by the Faculty of Dentistry, UiTM and to identify specific aspects in the service for improvement. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and December 2018 in the faculty’s clinics using a validated bilingual Short-Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18) scale. Results: A total of 384 subjects comprised of 57.9% females and 41.8% males were recruited for this study. 92.2% of the respondent were Malay. Most of the subjects had at least two visits (43.4%) in the past. There were seven subscales studied based on the questionnaires: General Satisfaction; Technical Quality; Interpersonal Manner; Communication; Financial Aspects; Time Spent with Doctor; Accessibility and Convenience. There were 51% of the respondents who were very satisfied with the service provided in general. More specifically, 60.8% and 55.8% of respondents were very satisfied with the technical quality and interpersonal manner of the clinician, respectively. Other subscales of the questionnaires were on the communication between clinicians and patients whereby 56.6% were very satisfied. Remarkably, only 50.8% of respondents were satisfied with the financial aspects, even though the majority of patients were paying at no cost when treated by students. In terms of time spent with doctor and accessibility to the clinician, 54.0% and 55.5% of respondents were satisfied, respectively. Conclusion: Generally, patients were satisfied with the dental services provided in the Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). However, some aspects of service can be further improved.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76389592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21622
NF Nordin, HB Said Gulam Khan, JK Ahsan
Plants offer a rich source of antimicrobial agents and bioactive compounds. In this study, aqueous palm oil leaves extracts (POLE) have been used as an alternative antibacterial agent against oral infections mainly caused by S. aureus. Many previous studies report the potential use of palm oil leaf extracts in treating bacterial infections such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus species. However, few studies have been reported on the effect of palm oil leaves extract on oral microbes. Agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay were conducted to observe the antibacterial activity of aqueous palm oil leaves extract. The crystal violet assay was used to determine the anti-biofilm activity of the extracts. For agar diffusion method, the diameter of inhibition zone was measured. The inhibition zone of the tested bacteria was observed between 0-20 mm. The MIC and MBC values for the tested bacteria were 3.906 mg/mL and 7.813 mg/mL respectively. While for anti-biofilm assays, aqueous POLE extract acts as a potent anti-biofilm agent with dual actions, preventing and eradicating the biofilm of the tested bacteria. In conclusion, we suggest that the aqueous POLE extract may serve as alternative natural antibacterial and anti-biofilm agent against oral infections.
{"title":"The Antibacterial Activity of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"NF Nordin, HB Said Gulam Khan, JK Ahsan","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21622","url":null,"abstract":"Plants offer a rich source of antimicrobial agents and bioactive compounds. In this study, aqueous palm oil leaves extracts (POLE) have been used as an alternative antibacterial agent against oral infections mainly caused by S. aureus. Many previous studies report the potential use of palm oil leaf extracts in treating bacterial infections such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus species. However, few studies have been reported on the effect of palm oil leaves extract on oral microbes. Agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay were conducted to observe the antibacterial activity of aqueous palm oil leaves extract. The crystal violet assay was used to determine the anti-biofilm activity of the extracts. For agar diffusion method, the diameter of inhibition zone was measured. The inhibition zone of the tested bacteria was observed between 0-20 mm. The MIC and MBC values for the tested bacteria were 3.906 mg/mL and 7.813 mg/mL respectively. While for anti-biofilm assays, aqueous POLE extract acts as a potent anti-biofilm agent with dual actions, preventing and eradicating the biofilm of the tested bacteria. In conclusion, we suggest that the aqueous POLE extract may serve as alternative natural antibacterial and anti-biofilm agent against oral infections.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86955029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21625
Z. Mohamed, NF Azman, M. Masud, Maha Abdul Rahim, MI Abu Hassan
Self-medication (SM) is the use of medicines by people who take drugs without the advice of doctors. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of SM for dental pain, to compare the contributing factors, perception, and awareness regarding the practice among medical, dental and, pharmacy students. Methods: This observational study was conducted among 573 year1 and year5 students undergoing the teaching of pharmacology. The validated questionnaires were distributed during the beginning of the years. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The experience of dental pain by the students was 69-87%. The prevalence of SM among year1 and year5 were 30% and 49% (medical), 37% and 61% (dental), 46% and 57% (pharmacy) respectively with pharmacy year1 scoring highest at 46% and dental year5 at 61%. Both years medicated with analgesic at 17-33% while 35-70% opted for saltwater, ice packs, and others. The medical and pharmacy students perceived that they do not have a good ability to diagnose symptoms of dental pain. The majority was aware of drug interactions and expiratory dates. Conclusion: As expected, the year5 self-medicated more than the year1, made easy by the gain in knowledge and accessibility to medicines. Their perception and awareness rationalize them as future prescribers for medication.
自我用药(SM)是指在没有医生建议的情况下服用药物的人使用药物。目的:了解SM治疗牙痛的流行情况，比较医学、牙科和药学专业学生对SM治疗牙痛的影响因素、认知和意识。方法:对573名正在进行药理学教学的一、五年级学生进行观察性研究。有效的问卷是在年初分发的。数据分析采用SPSS version 23。结果:学生牙痛体验率为69 ~ 87%。一年级和五年级的SM患病率分别为医学(30%和49%)、牙科(37%和61%)、药学(46%和57%)，其中药学一年级最高，为46%，牙科五年级最高，为61%。在这两年中，有17-33%的人使用止痛药，而35-70%的人选择盐水、冰袋等。医学和药学专业的学生认为他们没有很好的诊断牙痛症状的能力。大多数人知道药物相互作用和有效期。结论:正如预期的那样，由于知识的增加和药物的可及性，5年级的自我药疗率高于1年级。他们的感知和意识使他们成为未来的药物处方者。
{"title":"Self-Medication Practice for Dental Pain: Expectations and Rationality","authors":"Z. Mohamed, NF Azman, M. Masud, Maha Abdul Rahim, MI Abu Hassan","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21625","url":null,"abstract":"Self-medication (SM) is the use of medicines by people who take drugs without the advice of doctors. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of SM for dental pain, to compare the contributing factors, perception, and awareness regarding the practice among medical, dental and, pharmacy students. Methods: This observational study was conducted among 573 year1 and year5 students undergoing the teaching of pharmacology. The validated questionnaires were distributed during the beginning of the years. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The experience of dental pain by the students was 69-87%. The prevalence of SM among year1 and year5 were 30% and 49% (medical), 37% and 61% (dental), 46% and 57% (pharmacy) respectively with pharmacy year1 scoring highest at 46% and dental year5 at 61%. Both years medicated with analgesic at 17-33% while 35-70% opted for saltwater, ice packs, and others. The medical and pharmacy students perceived that they do not have a good ability to diagnose symptoms of dental pain. The majority was aware of drug interactions and expiratory dates. Conclusion: As expected, the year5 self-medicated more than the year1, made easy by the gain in knowledge and accessibility to medicines. Their perception and awareness rationalize them as future prescribers for medication.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86865222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21620
J. Kazi, N. Samshudin, F. Sabirin, NI Abd Rahman
Background: A natural sesquiterpene Zerumbone (ZER) is abundant in rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith, well-known for its beneficial effects. Very few reported studies of Zerumbone (ZER) as well as its bioactive compounds focusing on its neuromodulatory activities based on it functional neuro-anatomy. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroanatomical functional site of the zerumbone in rat spinal motor and sensory neurons by means of c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Results: Our present study demonstrated that i.p., administration of zerumbone (100 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.01) increase in the number of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal and ventral nuclei of the rats. Conclusion: The result of the present study strongly indicates that zerumbone has neuromodulatory effects on sensory and motor neurons. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report which indicates that zerumbone might play crucial roles in motor and sensory neuromodulation. Our findings warrant further study to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms of zerumbone induced sensory and motor neuromodulation. We suggest the c-Fos immunohistochemical functional mapping of zerumbone in central nervous system of model animals to reveal its therapeutics potential and mechanisms.
{"title":"Zerumbone Neuro-modulates Spinal Motor and Sensory Neurons of Rats: a c-Fos study","authors":"J. Kazi, N. Samshudin, F. Sabirin, NI Abd Rahman","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21620","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A natural sesquiterpene Zerumbone (ZER) is abundant in rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith, well-known for its beneficial effects. Very few reported studies of Zerumbone (ZER) as well as its bioactive compounds focusing on its neuromodulatory activities based on it functional neuro-anatomy. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroanatomical functional site of the zerumbone in rat spinal motor and sensory neurons by means of c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Results: Our present study demonstrated that i.p., administration of zerumbone (100 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.01) increase in the number of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal and ventral nuclei of the rats. Conclusion: The result of the present study strongly indicates that zerumbone has neuromodulatory effects on sensory and motor neurons. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report which indicates that zerumbone might play crucial roles in motor and sensory neuromodulation. Our findings warrant further study to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms of zerumbone induced sensory and motor neuromodulation. We suggest the c-Fos immunohistochemical functional mapping of zerumbone in central nervous system of model animals to reveal its therapeutics potential and mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91298781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21624
KN Badrul Hisham, NH Mohd Fauzi, IH Baharuddin, NA Noorjamal
Objectives: (1) To decipher the level of knowledge of hand hygiene among undergraduate dental students, (2) to assess the practice regarding hand hygiene among undergraduate dental students and (3) to identify the correlation between level of knowledge and practice of hand hygiene in clinical settings among undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate dental students from year 3 to year 5. Both validated self-administered questionnaires on hand hygiene knowledge by World Health Organization and questionnaire on hand hygiene practice were distributed to respective class representatives. Data on demographic characteristics were also collected. Prevalence was determined by descriptive statistics. Pearson’s correlation test was used to check the association between knowledge level and practice of hand hygiene. Results: Two hundred and fiftytwo subjects comprising of 87.7% females and 12.3% males were recruited. Response rate was 100%. Majority of respondents (74.6%) had good knowledge level of hand hygiene while 25.4% had moderate knowledge level. 100% of respondents had good practices of hand hygiene as they follow ≥50% in line with the recommended guideline. Level of knowledge were found to have weak correlation to practice of hand hygiene in clinical settings (r= -0.354, p<0.001). Conclusion: Level of hand hygiene knowledge slightly influences the practice of hand hygiene in the form of negative correlation. Although respondents had good knowledge, there might be other external factors which influences the practice, such as lack of time and high patient workload. Further qualitative study should be conducted to elucidate other factors influencing the practice of hand hygiene among undergraduate dental students.
{"title":"Knowledge and Practice of Hand Hygiene Among Dental Undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"KN Badrul Hisham, NH Mohd Fauzi, IH Baharuddin, NA Noorjamal","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21624","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: (1) To decipher the level of knowledge of hand hygiene among undergraduate dental students, (2) to assess the practice regarding hand hygiene among undergraduate dental students and (3) to identify the correlation between level of knowledge and practice of hand hygiene in clinical settings among undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate dental students from year 3 to year 5. Both validated self-administered questionnaires on hand hygiene knowledge by World Health Organization and questionnaire on hand hygiene practice were distributed to respective class representatives. Data on demographic characteristics were also collected. Prevalence was determined by descriptive statistics. Pearson’s correlation test was used to check the association between knowledge level and practice of hand hygiene. Results: Two hundred and fiftytwo subjects comprising of 87.7% females and 12.3% males were recruited. Response rate was 100%. Majority of respondents (74.6%) had good knowledge level of hand hygiene while 25.4% had moderate knowledge level. 100% of respondents had good practices of hand hygiene as they follow ≥50% in line with the recommended guideline. Level of knowledge were found to have weak correlation to practice of hand hygiene in clinical settings (r= -0.354, p<0.001). Conclusion: Level of hand hygiene knowledge slightly influences the practice of hand hygiene in the form of negative correlation. Although respondents had good knowledge, there might be other external factors which influences the practice, such as lack of time and high patient workload. Further qualitative study should be conducted to elucidate other factors influencing the practice of hand hygiene among undergraduate dental students.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87465905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i1.21623
M. M. Mohd Isa, Nazirah Ramlan, Aaeid Ayoub
Gaining a predictable outcome in endodontics is complicated by handling an endodontically treated. Compared to primary root canal therapy, non-surgical endodontic retreatment typically entails the removal of previous root filling materials. This process may be necessary to enable access to contaminated canal space for recleaning and to remove obturation materials that may have been contaminated by marginal penetration of microorganisms and microbial toxins. The achievement of patency at the canal terminus and the extension of cleaning as close as possible to the apical terminus have been identified as healing prognostic criteria. Gutta-percha (GP) is the current mainstay material utilised as an endodontic filling material, capable of performing comprehensive, three-dimensional sealing of the treated root canal system in a highly effective manner with considerable physical durability. Interestingly, since its initial discovery in the 17th century, GP remains to this day the ideal obturation material used across, in essence, all dental clinics globally due to its material properties and versatility for use in conjunction with sealer compounds. The development of GP removal systems that can manage to remove GP in its entirety from root canals during non-surgical retreatment procedures is currently highly desirable for dental practices. This literature review investigated this current research niche and scrutinised two prevalently utilised rotary systems – Edgefile-XR and the XP-Endo shaper systems.
{"title":"Rotary Systems for Root Canal Gutta-percha Removal: A Review","authors":"M. M. Mohd Isa, Nazirah Ramlan, Aaeid Ayoub","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i1.21623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i1.21623","url":null,"abstract":"Gaining a predictable outcome in endodontics is complicated by handling an endodontically treated. Compared to primary root canal therapy, non-surgical endodontic retreatment typically entails the removal of previous root filling materials. This process may be necessary to enable access to contaminated canal space for recleaning and to remove obturation materials that may have been contaminated by marginal penetration of microorganisms and microbial toxins. The achievement of patency at the canal terminus and the extension of cleaning as close as possible to the apical terminus have been identified as healing prognostic criteria. Gutta-percha (GP) is the current mainstay material utilised as an endodontic filling material, capable of performing comprehensive, three-dimensional sealing of the treated root canal system in a highly effective manner with considerable physical durability. Interestingly, since its initial discovery in the 17th century, GP remains to this day the ideal obturation material used across, in essence, all dental clinics globally due to its material properties and versatility for use in conjunction with sealer compounds. The development of GP removal systems that can manage to remove GP in its entirety from root canals during non-surgical retreatment procedures is currently highly desirable for dental practices. This literature review investigated this current research niche and scrutinised two prevalently utilised rotary systems – Edgefile-XR and the XP-Endo shaper systems.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82373592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) treatment planned during the undergraduate clinical teaching. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective audit, clinical records from 108 dental students were collected and categorized into three cohorts; 2009/2014, 2010/2015, and 2011/2016. The number of direct restorations [amalgam restorations (AR) and composite restorations (CR)], fixed partial dental prostheses [conventional bridges (CB) and resin-bonded-bridges (RBB)] and single tooth indirect restorations (crowns and onlays) prescribed clinically by the undergraduate clinicians were retrieved. Results: Among the three cohorts, a trend was observed in the decrease of AR and the increase of CR prescribed by the dental students. The highest AR (9.6%) was performed by Cohort 2009/2014 and the highest CR (97.7%) was performed by Cohort 2011/2016. For fixed partial dental prostheses, RBB (67.6%) was the main treatment of choice, as compared to CB (32.4%). The cohort 2011/2016 prescribed the highest number of RBB as compared to earlier cohorts. In cases where teeth required cuspal protection, crowns (91.4%) dominated the treatment modality compared to onlays (8.6%). Conclusion: This study showed the dental undergraduates in UiTM endorsed the MID approach as recommended in the contemporary restorative dentistry.
{"title":"The Implementation of the Minimal Intervention Dentistry in the Undergraduate Dental Clinical Teaching: A Retrospective Audit","authors":"SM Ab Ghani, TF Tengku Mohd Ariff, T. Ong, TW Lim","doi":"10.24191/cos.v9i2.19234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v9i2.19234","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) treatment planned during the undergraduate clinical teaching. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective audit, clinical records from 108 dental students were collected and categorized into three cohorts; 2009/2014, 2010/2015, and 2011/2016. The number of direct restorations [amalgam restorations (AR) and composite restorations (CR)], fixed partial dental prostheses [conventional bridges (CB) and resin-bonded-bridges (RBB)] and single tooth indirect restorations (crowns and onlays) prescribed clinically by the undergraduate clinicians were retrieved. Results: Among the three cohorts, a trend was observed in the decrease of AR and the increase of CR prescribed by the dental students. The highest AR (9.6%) was performed by Cohort 2009/2014 and the highest CR (97.7%) was performed by Cohort 2011/2016. For fixed partial dental prostheses, RBB (67.6%) was the main treatment of choice, as compared to CB (32.4%). The cohort 2011/2016 prescribed the highest number of RBB as compared to earlier cohorts. In cases where teeth required cuspal protection, crowns (91.4%) dominated the treatment modality compared to onlays (8.6%). Conclusion: This study showed the dental undergraduates in UiTM endorsed the MID approach as recommended in the contemporary restorative dentistry.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89545317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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