Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23554
Nadia Izyan Muhamad Sabri, Indah Yuri Noviaranny, Jamil Ahsan Kazi
Objectives: Nickel is one of the common trace metal element used in industries. It has been documented that even in small quantities, prolonged exposure to nickel is cytotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic. Nickel biomonitoring has been done by various countries to monitor nickel level. However, there is little information on established baseline nickel level in our population which leads to the difficulty for comparison during nickel exposure. This study aims to determine the baseline nickel level in saliva and urine samples for the healthy Malay population. Materials and Methods: Fourteen healthy Malay subjects were recruited in this study. Saliva and urine samples were collected and analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure the nickel level. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Version 27. Results: Results showed that the nickel level in urine was higher compared to saliva. The baseline nickel level exhibited in saliva was 4.80 ppb (95% CI: 2.23, 7.38) and in urine was 5.88 ppb (95% CI: 3.49, 8.27). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the baseline nickel level in saliva and urine among the Malay population.
{"title":"Baseline Nickel Level in Saliva and Urine Among Healthy Malay Population","authors":"Nadia Izyan Muhamad Sabri, Indah Yuri Noviaranny, Jamil Ahsan Kazi","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23554","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Nickel is one of the common trace metal element used in industries. It has been documented that even in small quantities, prolonged exposure to nickel is cytotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic. Nickel biomonitoring has been done by various countries to monitor nickel level. However, there is little information on established baseline nickel level in our population which leads to the difficulty for comparison during nickel exposure. This study aims to determine the baseline nickel level in saliva and urine samples for the healthy Malay population. Materials and Methods: Fourteen healthy Malay subjects were recruited in this study. Saliva and urine samples were collected and analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure the nickel level. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Version 27. Results: Results showed that the nickel level in urine was higher compared to saliva. The baseline nickel level exhibited in saliva was 4.80 ppb (95% CI: 2.23, 7.38) and in urine was 5.88 ppb (95% CI: 3.49, 8.27). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the baseline nickel level in saliva and urine among the Malay population.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77561857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23646
A. A. Ayoub, G. S. Cheung
The historical importance of the solid core material is decreasing. When greater, more precise preparation of the canal space was not possible due to inferior metallurgy and instrument design, it was frequently utilized in the past. Silver points were machined with a circular cross section and more frequently than not went into oval than round canals. Long-term success rates might not be as great, but some cases may defy the odds. The prognosis after treatment and follow up by phone five years after the completion of treatment. A 46-years-old Chinese female was referred from a general private practitioner for the endodontic management of 36. The tooth had been endodontically treated 30 years before; subsequently the patient complained of occasionally mild discomfort that last a few second without any stimulating factors at the lower left molar. Radiographic finding revealed that the tooth had been treated with silver points and associated with periapical radiolucency. Non-surgical root canal retreatment was performed for the tooth. Conclusions: Due to the nature of partially removal silver points, even though the prognosis is guarded at the time of obturation. After five years, it was considered favourable although it was extracted due to fracture.
{"title":"Management of Silver Point Retrieval for Root canal Retreatment: A Case Report","authors":"A. A. Ayoub, G. S. Cheung","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23646","url":null,"abstract":"The historical importance of the solid core material is decreasing. When greater, more precise preparation of the canal space was not possible due to inferior metallurgy and instrument design, it was frequently utilized in the past. Silver points were machined with a circular cross section and more frequently than not went into oval than round canals. Long-term success rates might not be as great, but some cases may defy the odds. The prognosis after treatment and follow up by phone five years after the completion of treatment. A 46-years-old Chinese female was referred from a general private practitioner for the endodontic management of 36. The tooth had been endodontically treated 30 years before; subsequently the patient complained of occasionally mild discomfort that last a few second without any stimulating factors at the lower left molar. Radiographic finding revealed that the tooth had been treated with silver points and associated with periapical radiolucency. Non-surgical root canal retreatment was performed for the tooth. Conclusions: Due to the nature of partially removal silver points, even though the prognosis is guarded at the time of obturation. After five years, it was considered favourable although it was extracted due to fracture.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74618724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23634
Noor Azliza Wani Abd. Aziz, Muhammad Hilmi Zainal Ariffin, Aina Athirah Mhd Zukhi, Nur Sarah Izzati Din
Introduction: Periodontitis is currently managed through plague removal, both mechanically and chemically. However, limitation to reach the base of deep pockets often results in incomplete protection from periodontal pathogens. Therefore, new treatment modalities are emerging with the aim of controlling the inflammationassociated surrounding tissue damage. There have been strong evidences of preclinical studies on the mechanisms of protection, which may bring insights into the potential therapeutic target(s). We performed a systematic review to identify the therapeutic target(s) in rodent model of periodontitis. Method: The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), ID: CRD42022355578. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley databases from 2017 to 2021. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. We developed a diagram to show the cellular location of the targets. These targets were summarized based on their effects on the outcome determinants such as inflammatory response and the extend of alveolar bone and/or periodontal attachment loss. Decision matrix analysis was used to identify which target(s) hold the most potential. Result: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Result showed that protection in early and late phases of periodontitis involve targets such as transcription factor, protein and lipid kinases, transmembrane receptor, and extracellular protein. Further analysis showed that transcription factor is the most investigated target with the most reported protective outcomes. Conclusion: Protective targets in periodontitis involve different cellular levels. Transcription factor appears as the most potential therapeutic target in rodent model of periodontitis.
{"title":"Ligature-induced Periodontitis in Rats and Mice: A Systematic Review on Therapeutic Targets","authors":"Noor Azliza Wani Abd. Aziz, Muhammad Hilmi Zainal Ariffin, Aina Athirah Mhd Zukhi, Nur Sarah Izzati Din","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23634","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Periodontitis is currently managed through plague removal, both mechanically and chemically. However, limitation to reach the base of deep pockets often results in incomplete protection from periodontal pathogens. Therefore, new treatment modalities are emerging with the aim of controlling the inflammationassociated surrounding tissue damage. There have been strong evidences of preclinical studies on the mechanisms of protection, which may bring insights into the potential therapeutic target(s). We performed a systematic review to identify the therapeutic target(s) in rodent model of periodontitis. Method: The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), ID: CRD42022355578. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley databases from 2017 to 2021. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. We developed a diagram to show the cellular location of the targets. These targets were summarized based on their effects on the outcome determinants such as inflammatory response and the extend of alveolar bone and/or periodontal attachment loss. Decision matrix analysis was used to identify which target(s) hold the most potential. Result: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Result showed that protection in early and late phases of periodontitis involve targets such as transcription factor, protein and lipid kinases, transmembrane receptor, and extracellular protein. Further analysis showed that transcription factor is the most investigated target with the most reported protective outcomes. Conclusion: Protective targets in periodontitis involve different cellular levels. Transcription factor appears as the most potential therapeutic target in rodent model of periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77548345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23569
Kazi Ahsan Jamil, Norhayati Binti Liaqat Ali Khan
Science witnessed a dramatic growth in studies on extracellular vesicles (EVs). Similar to human, PDEVs serves as a potential tool between cells, transporting signaling molecules to mediate cellular intercellular communication in the form of nano cargoes (40–150 nm) which consist of lipid, protein, and RNA to exhibit pharmacological potential as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer. Moreover, PDEVs are ecofriendly, do not cause cell toxicity, and do not harbor zoonotic. More importantly, highly biocompatible, allows large-scale production. FAO/INFOODS named “FoodEVs”. PDEVs easily enter mammalian cells and intermediate plant–animal cross-kingdom plays a role in the homeostatic regulation of the immune system, tissue engineering, and delivery of therapeutic molecules of various origins. This review aims to introduce the potential research opportunity on therapeutics application of plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) in dental and oral diseases to support the New Key Economic Areas (NKEA) 2027 target in Malaysia.
{"title":"Potential Research on Therapeutics Application of Plant-derived Extracellular Vesicles (PDEVs) in Dental Disease in Malaysia","authors":"Kazi Ahsan Jamil, Norhayati Binti Liaqat Ali Khan","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23569","url":null,"abstract":"Science witnessed a dramatic growth in studies on extracellular vesicles (EVs). Similar to human, PDEVs serves as a potential tool between cells, transporting signaling molecules to mediate cellular intercellular communication in the form of nano cargoes (40–150 nm) which consist of lipid, protein, and RNA to exhibit pharmacological potential as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer. Moreover, PDEVs are ecofriendly, do not cause cell toxicity, and do not harbor zoonotic. More importantly, highly biocompatible, allows large-scale production. FAO/INFOODS named “FoodEVs”. PDEVs easily enter mammalian cells and intermediate plant–animal cross-kingdom plays a role in the homeostatic regulation of the immune system, tissue engineering, and delivery of therapeutic molecules of various origins. This review aims to introduce the potential research opportunity on therapeutics application of plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) in dental and oral diseases to support the New Key Economic Areas (NKEA) 2027 target in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79472740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23555
MA ABD HALIM, H. Hazudin, M. Masud, F. Ariffin
This study was aimed to evaluate the knowledge and perception of oral hygiene instructions and periodontal health education (OHIPE) among dental undergraduates of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) after the modification of OHIPE protocol. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 134 clinical dental year students of UiTM. The data was collected by distributing a self-administered structured questionnaire to the participants. The questionnaire was divided into two different sections in order to assess knowledge and perception independently. The 5-point Likert Scale was used to evaluate perception. Data analysis was done via SPSS version 27.0. Results: There was 51.3% (n=40) year 5 students obtained good knowledge score compared to only 21.4%(n=12) of year 4 students. The remaining 48.7%(n=38) of year 5 and 71.4%(n=40) year 4 students recorded average knowledge (P <0.001). Students’ perception regarding OHIPE showed that the response on each of the six questions were almost similar. However, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding giving information about patient’s periodontal status and advice on cleaning interdental areas of the teeth (P = 0.01 – 0.031). Most students agreed that usage of patient’s own periodontal chart and radiograph is important and useful during OHIPE. Conclusion: Periodontal health care knowledge score for OHIPE among clinical years students are between average and good. The knowledge and awareness of year 4 students were lower than year 5 students which could be due to reduced clinical sessions during pandemic of Covid-19. Perception of students were similar among all participants as they have more clinical experience in managing periodontal patients.
{"title":"Knowledge and Perception on Oral Hygiene Instructions and Periodontal Health Education (OHIPE) among UiTM Dental Undergraduates","authors":"MA ABD HALIM, H. Hazudin, M. Masud, F. Ariffin","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23555","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to evaluate the knowledge and perception of oral hygiene instructions and periodontal health education (OHIPE) among dental undergraduates of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) after the modification of OHIPE protocol. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 134 clinical dental year students of UiTM. The data was collected by distributing a self-administered structured questionnaire to the participants. The questionnaire was divided into two different sections in order to assess knowledge and perception independently. The 5-point Likert Scale was used to evaluate perception. Data analysis was done via SPSS version 27.0. Results: There was 51.3% (n=40) year 5 students obtained good knowledge score compared to only 21.4%(n=12) of year 4 students. The remaining 48.7%(n=38) of year 5 and 71.4%(n=40) year 4 students recorded average knowledge (P <0.001). Students’ perception regarding OHIPE showed that the response on each of the six questions were almost similar. However, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding giving information about patient’s periodontal status and advice on cleaning interdental areas of the teeth (P = 0.01 – 0.031). Most students agreed that usage of patient’s own periodontal chart and radiograph is important and useful during OHIPE. Conclusion: Periodontal health care knowledge score for OHIPE among clinical years students are between average and good. The knowledge and awareness of year 4 students were lower than year 5 students which could be due to reduced clinical sessions during pandemic of Covid-19. Perception of students were similar among all participants as they have more clinical experience in managing periodontal patients.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73292148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23570
Eleena Mohd Yusof, Ikmal Hisham Ismail, Aini Hayati Abdul Rahim, Noorharliana Mohamed Zohdi, Mustaffa Jaapar, Rohana Ahmad
As the human lifespan increases, older adults are known to retain their teeth for longer. Dental clinicians will see an increase in the number of elderly patients as the population’s life expectancy rises. The loss of periodontal attachment is a common risk factor for root surface caries development in older adults. Other risk factors include an increase in the number of missing teeth and restorations, prosthesis wearing, reduced manual dexterity, a shift in diet from complex to simple sugars, salivary gland dysfunction and increased salivary glucose levels. Dental caries is one of the causes leading to tooth loss in older adults and tooth loss significantly impacts the oral health-related quality of life for this vulnerable age group. Furthermore, the treatment of root caries is complicated by the adhesion of restorative materials to dentin and cemental layer. To curb these issues, understanding the risk factors for dental caries in the elderly, as well as its prevention and treatment strategies, is therefore crucial. This narrative review aims to provide an understanding of dental caries in older adults and an evidence-based prevention and management of this dental disease.
{"title":"The Risk Factors and Interventions of Dental Caries in the Elderly: A Narrative Review","authors":"Eleena Mohd Yusof, Ikmal Hisham Ismail, Aini Hayati Abdul Rahim, Noorharliana Mohamed Zohdi, Mustaffa Jaapar, Rohana Ahmad","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23570","url":null,"abstract":"As the human lifespan increases, older adults are known to retain their teeth for longer. Dental clinicians will see an increase in the number of elderly patients as the population’s life expectancy rises. The loss of periodontal attachment is a common risk factor for root surface caries development in older adults. Other risk factors include an increase in the number of missing teeth and restorations, prosthesis wearing, reduced manual dexterity, a shift in diet from complex to simple sugars, salivary gland dysfunction and increased salivary glucose levels. Dental caries is one of the causes leading to tooth loss in older adults and tooth loss significantly impacts the oral health-related quality of life for this vulnerable age group. Furthermore, the treatment of root caries is complicated by the adhesion of restorative materials to dentin and cemental layer. To curb these issues, understanding the risk factors for dental caries in the elderly, as well as its prevention and treatment strategies, is therefore crucial. This narrative review aims to provide an understanding of dental caries in older adults and an evidence-based prevention and management of this dental disease.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84432938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23632
Khor Goot Heah, Afrina Zaidan, Nur Alifah Shuhaimi, Nurul ‘Izzah Mohd Sarmin, Hasnah Begum Said Gulam Khan
Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the year one dental students for their score of decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT), total salivary protein, and unstimulated and stimulated flow rate of salivary secretions. In addition, correlations between DMFT index with their salivary parameters were also elucidated in our study. Methods: Fifty-seven of dental students were selected in the study, and informed consents were obtained prior to study. Intraoral examination specifically the DMFT scoring was performed. Both salivary proteins in unstimulated and stimulated saliva were measured using Bicinchoninic acid protein assay, and finally flow rates of unstimulated and stimulated saliva were calculated in the study. Data obtained for DMFT score and salivary parameters were analyzed by descriptive test and Spearman’s correlation test using SPSS version 26.0. Software Program (IBM, New York), Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Majority subjects showed DMFT index of 40.6% in DMFT 1-3 and 36.9% in DMFT 4-10 respectively. Statistically significant inverse correlations were observed between salivary total protein and unstimulated salivary flow rate (r=-0.314, p=0.017), and DFMT score with stimulated salivary flow rate (r=-0.244, p=0.067). Conclusion: In our study, majority of first year dental students evidenced DMFT scores of 1-10, with slightly significant associated dental caries prevalence with salivary flow rate. The findings obtained may serve as reference values for the growing interest in saliva as a diagnostic tool in predicting dental caries risk.
{"title":"Assessment of DMFT Score, Salivary Protein, and Flow Rate in UiTM’s Year One Dental Students","authors":"Khor Goot Heah, Afrina Zaidan, Nur Alifah Shuhaimi, Nurul ‘Izzah Mohd Sarmin, Hasnah Begum Said Gulam Khan","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23632","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the year one dental students for their score of decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT), total salivary protein, and unstimulated and stimulated flow rate of salivary secretions. In addition, correlations between DMFT index with their salivary parameters were also elucidated in our study. Methods: Fifty-seven of dental students were selected in the study, and informed consents were obtained prior to study. Intraoral examination specifically the DMFT scoring was performed. Both salivary proteins in unstimulated and stimulated saliva were measured using Bicinchoninic acid protein assay, and finally flow rates of unstimulated and stimulated saliva were calculated in the study. Data obtained for DMFT score and salivary parameters were analyzed by descriptive test and Spearman’s correlation test using SPSS version 26.0. Software Program (IBM, New York), Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Majority subjects showed DMFT index of 40.6% in DMFT 1-3 and 36.9% in DMFT 4-10 respectively. Statistically significant inverse correlations were observed between salivary total protein and unstimulated salivary flow rate (r=-0.314, p=0.017), and DFMT score with stimulated salivary flow rate (r=-0.244, p=0.067). Conclusion: In our study, majority of first year dental students evidenced DMFT scores of 1-10, with slightly significant associated dental caries prevalence with salivary flow rate. The findings obtained may serve as reference values for the growing interest in saliva as a diagnostic tool in predicting dental caries risk.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91074221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23649
Abdul Rauf Badrul Hisham, Niher Tabassum Siddiqua, Mohd Faizal Abdullah, Wan Nur Syazwani Wan Rossly, N. Samsudin
Introduction: Idiopathic Trigeminal neuralgia in children is a rare case presentation that poses a challenge in dental practice. This case involved a sequence of multi-management by several departments including Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS), Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) and Paediatric Neurology. Case description: A 10-year-old girl was referred initially to the Paediatric Dentistry Specialist Clinic, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia with the complaint of left facial pain associated with muscle twitching, weakness and swelling for five days prior to this first visit. There was a history of tooth extraction of her lower left second primary molar on the day before the episode of left facial pain and twitching. Clinical examination showed left facial involuntary twitching with visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score of 8, some evidence of left facial weakness, numbness but no facial swelling. No significant finding on the intraoral examination, including good healing signs at the exodontia site. The investigations included orthopantomography, Cranial Nerves II-XII examination and tests, blood investigations, Blood Urea and Serum Electrolyte (BUSE), electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG). The final diagnosis was left Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia that is associated with tooth extraction. After a period of a month, the symptoms and signs were gradually reduced and ceased by taking oral medications such as Baclofen, Neurobion and Gabapentin. Joint management from multi-departments with close follow ups help to provide the conservative and safe treatment for this patient.
{"title":"Twitchy Pain of Left Face: A Rare Case of Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia after Tooth Extraction in a Young Child","authors":"Abdul Rauf Badrul Hisham, Niher Tabassum Siddiqua, Mohd Faizal Abdullah, Wan Nur Syazwani Wan Rossly, N. Samsudin","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23649","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Idiopathic Trigeminal neuralgia in children is a rare case presentation that poses a challenge in dental practice. This case involved a sequence of multi-management by several departments including Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS), Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) and Paediatric Neurology. Case description: A 10-year-old girl was referred initially to the Paediatric Dentistry Specialist Clinic, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia with the complaint of left facial pain associated with muscle twitching, weakness and swelling for five days prior to this first visit. There was a history of tooth extraction of her lower left second primary molar on the day before the episode of left facial pain and twitching. Clinical examination showed left facial involuntary twitching with visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score of 8, some evidence of left facial weakness, numbness but no facial swelling. No significant finding on the intraoral examination, including good healing signs at the exodontia site. The investigations included orthopantomography, Cranial Nerves II-XII examination and tests, blood investigations, Blood Urea and Serum Electrolyte (BUSE), electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG). The final diagnosis was left Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia that is associated with tooth extraction. After a period of a month, the symptoms and signs were gradually reduced and ceased by taking oral medications such as Baclofen, Neurobion and Gabapentin. Joint management from multi-departments with close follow ups help to provide the conservative and safe treatment for this patient.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"702 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75602291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23648
Sara Luay Thanoon, Mohd Shawal Firdaus Mohamad, L. Younis
The palatal root of the first permanent molar is the most commonly deflected root into the maxillary sinus during extraction. A rational approach to the surgical removal of a root from the antrum is important. Some surgeons prefer the alveolar approach while others prefer the Caldwell-Luc operation. In this report, a case was presented where the palatal root tip of the right upper first molar was displaced into the right maxillary sinus during simple extraction of the tooth which was later successfully removed from the maxillary sinus by the Caldwell-Luc approach. CBCT was used to locate and remove the lost root tip.
{"title":"Lost in Space - Caldwell Luc Antrostomy for Retrieving Displaced Root into Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report","authors":"Sara Luay Thanoon, Mohd Shawal Firdaus Mohamad, L. Younis","doi":"10.24191/cos.v10i2.23648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v10i2.23648","url":null,"abstract":"The palatal root of the first permanent molar is the most commonly deflected root into the maxillary sinus during extraction. A rational approach to the surgical removal of a root from the antrum is important. Some surgeons prefer the alveolar approach while others prefer the Caldwell-Luc operation. In this report, a case was presented where the palatal root tip of the right upper first molar was displaced into the right maxillary sinus during simple extraction of the tooth which was later successfully removed from the maxillary sinus by the Caldwell-Luc approach. CBCT was used to locate and remove the lost root tip.","PeriodicalId":10525,"journal":{"name":"Compendium of Oral Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72555039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.24191/cos.v10i2.23637
Jamil Ahsan Kazi, Erni Noor, Nurshafiqah Zahra Mohd Azmi, Wan Nur Nadhirah Wan Azmi
Background: Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) are multipotent cells, derived from periodontal ligament (PDL), that can attain the formation of new bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament. However, the quantity of stem cells found in PDL tissues is deficient. Therefore, in periodontitis, the limited PDLSCs make regeneration of the periodontium challenging and unpredictable. Objectives: To critically appraise the available experimental evidence of the local immunomodulation signaling systems and their surrounding functional molecules for repair and application in periodontal regeneration therapy. Methods: This systematic review was conducted using PRISMA 2020 guidelines and research papers were selected based on strict exclusion and inclusion criteria. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases were used to collect all the research papers ranging from January 2012 to December 2022. Results: Nine out of 586 research papers that focused on PDLSCs during inflammatory conditions were selected based on the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment. Seven articles documented that non-coding microRNAs (ncRNAs) played critical roles in the modification of PDLSC multipotency in periodontitis. An article showed that the post-translational modifications are influenced by histone deacetylases (HDAC) indicating the involvement of novel epigenetic signaling systems. A natural product-derived functional molecule resveratrol is described to have anti-inflammatory properties through the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway. Conclusion: The results of our present systematic review clearly apprise that the ncRNAs signaling system and natural products derived anti-inflammatory functional molecules play a clinically significant therapeutic target in novel periodontitis therapy as preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic markers.
背景:人牙周韧带干细胞(PDLSC)是来源于牙周韧带(PDL)的多能细胞，能够形成新的骨、牙骨质和牙周韧带。然而，在PDL组织中发现的干细胞数量不足。因此，在牙周炎中，有限的PDLSCs使牙周组织的再生具有挑战性和不可预测性。目的:批判性地评价局部免疫调节信号系统及其周围功能分子在牙周再生治疗中的修复和应用的现有实验证据。方法:本系统评价采用PRISMA 2020指南，并根据严格的排除和纳入标准筛选研究论文。使用PubMed、Cochrane Library、b谷歌Scholar和Web of Science数据库收集2012年1月至2022年12月期间的所有研究论文。结果:根据Cochrane偏倚风险评估，从586篇关注炎症状态下PDLSCs的研究论文中选择了9篇。七篇文章证明，非编码microRNAs (ncRNAs)在牙周炎中PDLSC多能性修饰中起关键作用。一篇文章表明，翻译后修饰受到组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDAC)的影响，表明涉及新的表观遗传信号系统。一种天然产物衍生的功能分子白藜芦醇通过核因子κ B (NF-kB)途径具有抗炎特性。结论:本系统综述的结果清楚地表明，ncRNAs信号系统和天然产物衍生的抗炎功能分子作为预防、诊断、治疗和预后标志物，在新型牙周炎治疗中发挥着重要的临床治疗靶点。
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