Contact Dermatitis最新文献

Background: Despite the increasing prevalence of cosmetic-related adverse reactions, their potential prognoses and associated risk factors have received limited attention within the medical community.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 7794 cases of cosmetics-related adverse reactions reported in Wuhan, China, from 2017 to 2023. Data were collected from multiple sources, including medical institutions, cosmetic manufacturers, distributors, individual consumers and regulatory agencies. Demographic characteristics, clinical diagnoses, symptom profiles and allergy histories were systematically analysed using descriptive statistics. Cases were stratified by recovery outcome into complete versus incomplete groups to identify prognostic factors. Comparative analyses were performed using χ2 tests, with statistically significant variables (p < 0.05) further evaluated through multivariate logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.

Results: Among the 7794 patients, the majority (76.56%) achieved complete recovery, while a substantial proportion (23.44%) experienced persistent or permanent symptoms, such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), atrophic scarring and other forms of skin damage. Statistical analysis identified age and a history of allergies as significant risk factors for long-term skin damage. Patients under 20 years of age were 2.06 times more likely to suffer persistent or permanent symptoms compared to those over 50 years (p = 0.000). Additionally, individuals with a history of food allergy were 3.16 times more prone to long-term skin damage (p < 0.05). A history of drug allergy also significantly increased the risk, with an OR of 1.887 (95% CI: 1.34, 2.66; p = 0.000).

Conclusion: This study identified younger age (< 20 years) and a history of food or drug allergies as significant risk factors for long-term symptoms following cosmetic adverse reactions. These insights assist dermatologists in recognising high-risk individuals and guiding tailored preventive strategies. Integrating these indicators into clinical evaluation and patient counselling may enhance early intervention, ultimately reducing the likelihood of persistent or irreversible cutaneous sequelae. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of individualised risk assessment and proactive management in ensuring cosmetic safety and optimising dermatological and public health outcomes.

Background: In patients with contact allergy to Chinese propolis, co-reactivity to the four fragrance markers present in the European baseline series (Myroxylon pereirae resin [balsam of Peru], colophonium, fragrance mixes 1 and 2) has been well documented. The co-reactivity pattern of Brazilian propolis has not yet been sufficiently analysed.

Objectives: To investigate co-reactivity patterns to the fragrance markers and to the fragrances linalool hydroperoxides and limonene hydroperoxides in patients reacting to Chinese and Brazilian propolis.

Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of patch test results in a cohort of 701 patients tested with Chinese propolis and a cohort of 2509 individuals tested with Brazilian propolis investigated in Amsterdam during 2019-2025.

Results: For Chinese propolis, we found significant associations with the four fragrance markers and limonene hydroperoxides. For Brazilian propolis, there were significant associations with all four fragrance markers and both limonene and linalool hydroperoxides. There were indications of a closer relationship between Brazilian propolis and fragrances than of Chinese propolis and fragrances, possibly resulting in many more positive patch test reactions to the Brazilian variety.

Conclusions: Significant co-reactivity to fragrances and -marker(s) was confirmed for patients allergic to Chinese propolis and established for patients with positive patch tests to Brazilian propolis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition. Data on contact sensitization in adults with atopic dermatitis remain limited.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of contact sensitization in adults with and without AD: PATIENTS/METHODS: A monocentric, retrospective study analysed 8967 adults (≥ 16 years) patch-tested at the University of Padua (1997-2018). Patients were tested with a standard baseline series (44 allergens). 540 (6.0%) patients had atopic dermatitis; 8273 (92.3%) did not; 154 (1.7%) had missing/uncertain AD status and were excluded from subgroup comparisons.

Results: Contact sensitization prevalence was 65.4% in both groups. Adults with atopic dermatitis showed significantly higher rates of sensitization to formaldehyde (p < 0.00001), HICC (hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde) (p = 0.04), thiuram mix (p = 0.03), and carba mix (p = 0.004). Non-AD patients showed significantly higher sensitization to nickel (p = 0.001), disperse blue (p = 0.006), and primin (p = 0.05). Nickel was the most frequent allergen (21.30% AD; 27.59% non-AD).

Conclusions: Higher prevalence of contact sensitization to specific allergens in adults with atopic dermatitis suggests a tailored patch test series including allergens from rubber, fragrance, and preservative groups. The lower prevalence of metal sensitization in patients with atopic dermatitis may reflect distinct immunological mechanisms that warrant further research.

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a rare but significant cause of hand eczema (HE).

Objectives: To evaluate positive patch test reactions in HE patients, focusing on frequency, clinical/occupational relevance and sources of exposure at a tertiary referral centre in Turkey.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 1499 HE patients from 2533 consecutively patch-tested individuals (1996-2021).

Results: Positive patch test reactions occurred in 55.6% of HE patients, most commonly to nickel sulphate, potassium dichromate and thiuram mix. ACD was diagnosed in 34.2% of cases, with 54.1% being occupational, mainly in males. Occupational ACD was predominantly associated with potassium dichromate/cement among construction workers, and thiurams/rubber gloves among construction and healthcare workers. Non-occupational ACD (45.9%) was more frequent in females, typically associated with methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), MI and fragrances in cosmetics and personal care products. Nickel was not a leading cause of HE; however, it was the inducer of systemic allergic dermatitis in 2.7% (14/512) of patients with hand ACD. Recurrent vesicular HE and bilateral dorsal, periungual, or wrist involvement were significantly associated with ACD.

Conclusions: Nickel was a frequent sensitiser but an uncommon cause of hand ACD, often triggering systemic allergic dermatitis. Occupational ACD and male gender predominated. Recurrent vesicular HE and bilateral dorsal, periungual, or wrist involvement were key patterns helping identify patients for patch testing.

We report a new case of fixed eruption following the ingestion of Moringa oleifera leaf powder. This case underscores the importance of considering non-medicinal causes, particularly natural products, given their growing popularity.

Background: Hairdressers are frequently exposed to shampoos, both from neat liquid products and dilutions, often with unprotected hands. Shampoos usually contain preservatives. While the level of preservation is guided by risk assessment based on typical consumer exposure, this will underestimate sensitization risk in hairdressers. Lower exposure or avoidance of preservative-containing hair cosmetic products appears important for primary prevention of work-related allergic contact dermatitis among hairdressers.

Objectives: To assess the preservatives (Annex V of the EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC 1223/2009)) used in solid shampoos, compare these to preservatives present in liquid shampoos for professional use, and determine the presence of ingredients with "antimicrobial" function in solid shampoo.

Methods: A physical store check and survey of online sales platforms was performed in four European countries in late 2024. Along with product descriptors, the full INCI labelling was recorded from package labels (or corresponding summaries online) and collected in a spreadsheet.

Results: The sample included 172 solid shampoos from various retail sources and 259 liquid shampoos from one online marketplace for professional users. Among solid shampoos, preservatives were found in 31.4%; if "antimicrobial" additives are additionally considered, this share increased to 41.3%. Benzyl alcohol (n = 29) and sodium benzoate (n = 18) were the most common preservatives, benzyl benzoate the most common "antimicrobial" (n = 8). By contrast, all liquid shampoos contained (multiple) preservatives.

Conclusions: Solid shampoo shows potential to provide a less-allergenic working environment for hairdressers. Practical aspects should next be addressed to contribute to broader use of solid shampoos.