Comprehensive psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Parent-child mental health in Ukraine in relation to war trauma and drone attacks","authors":"Amna Naeem ,&nbsp;Iftikhar Sikder ,&nbsp;Shanshan Wang ,&nbsp;Emily S. Barrett ,&nbsp;Nancy Fiedler ,&nbsp;Miraj Ahmad ,&nbsp;Uyen-Sa D.T. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Dmytro Martsenkovskyi ,&nbsp;Irina Holovanova ,&nbsp;Madelyn Hsiao-Rei Hicks ,&nbsp;Ubydul Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We aimed to address the knowledge gap regarding mental health in Ukrainian children and parents one year after Russia's 2022 full-scale invasion including associations with exposure to drone attacks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, quota-sampled survey was conducted among parents of children aged 3–17 in Ukraine one year after the invasion (<em>n</em> = 858). Participants completed self-reported screening measures of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17, Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen–Caregiver, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the International Trauma Questionnaire, and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) 3-Item Loneliness Scale. We analyzed scores in relation to drone attack exposure using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Many children aged 3–6 years had scores suggestive of ADHD (24.2 %), conduct disorder (20.5 %), and anxiety/mood disorder (12.1 %). Results were similar among children aged 7–17 (anxiety/mood disorder: 24.1 %, conduct disorder: 14.5 %, and ADHD: 14 %). Of the 45.0 % of children aged 3–6 and 57.0 % aged 7–17 exposed to post-invasion trauma, 21.8 % and 17.6 % had clinically relevant levels of PTSD symptoms, respectively. Parental symptoms met screening criteria for depressive disorder in 46.7 % and for anxiety disorder in 24.2 %. All parents reported post-invasion trauma, with 24.5 % screening positive for PTSD. Child mental health disorder odds increased with parental PTSD (OR 1.85, 95 %CI 1.29–2.72) and symptoms meeting screening criteria for depressive disorder (OR 1.99, 95 %CI 1.15–2.56). The odds of children aged 7–17 having clinically relevant levels of PTSD symptoms increased with parental symptoms screening positive for depressive disorder (OR 6.0, 95 %CI 2.0–18.3), anxiety disorder (OR 3.48, 95 %CI 1.76–6.8), and PTSD (OR 3.23, 95 % 1.67–6.2). Parents had a higher prevalence of screening positive for PTSD in high-intensity drone attack regions (28.9 %) than low- and moderate-intensity regions (25.0 % and 20.5 %, respectively, <em>p</em> = 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The high prevalence of children and parents in Ukraine with symptoms screening positive for mental disorders indicates an urgent need for services for school-age children and parents in this war-affected region. High-intensity drone attacks increase the risk of parents screening positive for PTSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 152590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and validation of the Portuguese version of the internet severity and activities addiction questionnaire (ISAAQ-10) towards the identification of problematic social media use: A population study","authors":"Artemisa R. Dores ,&nbsp;Cátia Antunes ,&nbsp;Andreia Geraldo ,&nbsp;Irene P. Carvalho ,&nbsp;António Marques ,&nbsp;Ilídio Pereira ,&nbsp;Samuel R. Chamberlain ,&nbsp;Christine Lochner ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Ioannidis","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) refers to a pattern of internet use that results in negative consequences in an individual's life. It encompasses a broad spectrum of activities, which require assessment in terms of both severity and diversity, for a comprehensive understanding. This study aimed to translate the Internet Severity and Activities Questionnaire (ISAAQ-10) into Portuguese, to analyze its psychometric properties and to explore the validity of the ISAAQ-10 social networking use activity score towards identifying problematic social media use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A snowball sampling method was used, with participants completing an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions and the Portuguese versions of the ISAAQ-10, Internet Addiction Test-10 (IAT-10), Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF), and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). The psychometric analysis included internal reliability testing using Cronbach's <em>alphas</em> and test-retest reliability, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and convergent validity testing between the ISAAQ-10 and IAT-10. The concurrent validity of the ISAAQ-10 was also examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 590 young adults (85.1 % female), aged between 18 and 35 years, participated in this study. The ISAAQ-10 presented good internal consistency (<em>α</em> = 0.93), with a test-retest correlation of <em>r = 0</em>.865; 95 % CI: 0.669–0.939. and a unidimensional structure that explained 48.3 % of the total variance. The convergent validity of the ISAAQ-10's total score was established through a high Pearson's correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.574; <em>p</em> ≤ .001) with the IAT-10's total score. Pearson's correlations between the ISAAQ-10 gaming activity score and the IGDS9-SF (<em>r</em> = 0.873; <em>p</em> &lt; .001), and between the ISAAQ-10 social networking use activity score and the BSMAS (<em>r</em> = 0.670; <em>p</em> &lt; .001), respectively, supported the instrument's concurrent validity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This work provides support for the Portuguese translation of the ISAAQ-10, which can be employed to identify the severity of problematic usage of the internet in a population sample. It also provides the first validation of the ISAAQ-10 social networking use activity score, which can be employed to identify problematic social media use within a predominately female university student sample. This study further establishes the ISAAQ-10 as a valid and reliable tool for population studies and, specifically, for the identification of problematic social media use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 152585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To hoard or not to hoard purchased items - does it matter? A clinical cross-sectional study on compulsive buying-shopping disorder","authors":"Justus Varvaras ,&nbsp;Patricia Schaar ,&nbsp;Nora M. Laskowski ,&nbsp;Ekaterini Georgiadou ,&nbsp;Melissa M. Norberg ,&nbsp;Astrid Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research with individuals with compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD) indicated that comorbid hoarding disorder (HD), as determined by questionnaire cutoffs, is associated with more severe CBSD. This study investigated a clinical sample with CBSD and determined the prevalence of HD by clinical interview, explored whether hoarding refers to consumer goods and/or non-purchased, free items, and compared patients with (HD+) and without (HD-) comorbid HD regarding materialism, impulsiveness, general psychopathology, CBSD and HD symptoms. Additionally, the relationship between CBSD symptoms and other study variables was explored in the total sample.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>All patients (<em>N</em> = 81) underwent a clinical interview and answered the Pathological Buying Screener (PBS), the German Saving Inventory-Revised (GSI-R), and measures for materialism, impulsiveness, depression and anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventeen patients had comorbid HD, of which 82 % hoarded predominantly purchased items. The HD+ group scored higher than the HD- group on the clutter and difficulty discarding GSI-R subscales, but not on the excessive acquisition GSI-R subscale or the PBS. There were no group differences in materialism, impulsiveness, and general psychopathology. The correlation between the PBS and the GSI-R in the total sample was driven by the high correlation between the PBS and the excessive acquisition GSI-R subscale. Higher PBS/GSI-R excessive acquisition scores were related to higher materialism and more psychopathology.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicate that hoarding in CBSD is mostly related to purchased consumer goods and not associated with a higher symptom severity of CBSD. Further investigation into the specifics of hoarding in the context of CBSD is necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 152588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and problematic use of the internet among a child and adolescent psychiatric clinical population.","authors":"Kornelius Winds ,&nbsp;Belinda Plattner ,&nbsp;Bernhard Salcher ,&nbsp;Patrick Benjamin Langthaler ,&nbsp;Gabriele Kohlböck ,&nbsp;Martin Fuchs ,&nbsp;Pauline Schaffer ,&nbsp;Lucas Johannes Rainer","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Internet use, specifically problematic use of the internet (PUI), needs to be considered in child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) settings. Besides psychological symptomatology, childhood trauma (intrafamilial abuse and neglect) has been associated with PUI. The impact of various adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on PUI, particularly in CAP populations, is understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate associations between PUI and various ACEs in a CAP population, considering gender differences and psychological symptomatology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>104 adolescents (69 girls) were included, aged 14–17 years, undergoing inpatient CAP treatment, between August 2018 and March 2020. Participants completed the Interview for the Assessment of Internet and Computer Game Addiction (AICA), the Youth Self-Report (YSR), and the Multidimensional Clinical Screening Inventory (MCSI). Statistical analyses examined associations between PUI and ACEs, after controlling for age, gender, and psychological symptomatology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Extrafamilial emotional abuse was significantly associated with higher AICA scores and likelihood of PUI. Extrafamilial separation and loss was associated with a significant decrease in the internet use and to the likelihood of PUI. Suicide of a mother significantly increased the odds of moderate to severe PUI. School absenteeism and alcohol abuse were associated with higher AICA scores irrespective of age and gender, though these associations diminished when controlling for psychological symptomatology.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Extrafamilial emotional abuse, particularly social receptive environments and relationships, play a significant role in developing PUI among CAP populations. The complex interplay of emotional trauma, family dynamics, peer relationships and individual behaviors regarding PUI should be addressed in CAP interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 152586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing the ‘Integrated Model for Supervision’ for mental health and psychosocial support programming within humanitarian emergencies: A mixed-methods evaluation across six humanitarian contexts","authors":"Meg Ryan ,&nbsp;Charles Zemp ,&nbsp;Nadeen Abujaber ,&nbsp;Marie Sonnenstuhl ,&nbsp;Ahmad Alshibi ,&nbsp;Pia Tingsted Blum ,&nbsp;Ahlem Cheffi ,&nbsp;Robert Fox ,&nbsp;Sandra Githaiga ,&nbsp;Hannah Green ,&nbsp;Md. Saidul Islam ,&nbsp;Salam Jabbour ,&nbsp;Sabiha Jahan ,&nbsp;Cátia Sofia Peres de Matos ,&nbsp;Bhanu Pratap Maurya ,&nbsp;Kelly A. McBride ,&nbsp;Louise Marie Thorlund Nielsen ,&nbsp;Nick Ockenden ,&nbsp;Nathalie Helena Rigall ,&nbsp;Shona Whitton ,&nbsp;Frédérique Vallières","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ‘Integrated Model for Supervision’ (IMS) offers important guidance for <em>how</em> to provide supportive supervision within mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programming in humanitarian emergencies. The current study sought to (i) describe <em>how</em> the IMS was implemented following IMS training; (ii) assess whether delivery of the IMS training is associated with changes in a selection of theoretically supported quantitative outcomes; and (iii) elicit feedback on the IMS and its implementation process.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data was collected from a participant pool of <em>n</em> = 119 individuals from six different humanitarian organisations that had previously participated in an IMS training. For the first and third objectives, interviews at 6- and 12-months post-training were conducted and thematically analysed. For the second objective, timepoint comparison analytical techniques were used across five distinct timepoints.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Quantitative findings showed significant increases in participant self-efficacy, supervision knowledge, and supervision confidence, alongside some evidence of reductions in participant burnout. Qualitatively, participants underscored the IMS's efficacy in creating supportive supervision structures within their organisations, identified barriers and facilitators to implementation and proposed strategies for sustainability. Additionally, they highlighted positive impacts of implementing the IMS on staff, organisational culture, and service quality.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion/conclusion</h3><div>This study supports the effectiveness and acceptability of the IMS in enhancing the capacity of organisations to provide supportive supervision in humanitarian contexts, as key to promote the wellbeing of humanitarian MHPSS workers and the quality of the services they deliver. Challenges remain, however, to ensure sustainable implementation of the IMS, which guide ongoing efforts towards its improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 152584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing families-forward innovations in public safety personnel organizations","authors":"Rachel Richmond ,&nbsp;Rosemary Ricciardelli ,&nbsp;Joy MacDermid ,&nbsp;Heidi Cramm","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Public safety personnel (PSP) experience stressors which may affect their mental health, occupational responsibilities, performance on duty, and their families. In the current article, we explore the development and implementation of family-forward initiatives within public safety organizations. In reflecting on public safety implementation leaders' experiences of developing and implementing family-forward innovations, we aim to understand the crucial constructs involved in developing and implementing effective innovations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen public safety leaders with previous experience implementing a family-forward initiative, from four public safety sectors, participated in semi-structured interviews about their experiences with implementing family-forward initiatives to reveal the conditions under which these initiatives were conducted among different public safety contexts. We mapped the interview data onto the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR), and present the relevant constructs needed to be considered for future initiatives.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants identified four types of family-forward innovations implemented across four public safety sectors: i) community building, ii) social norming, iii) building awareness and skills, and iv) communication channels. Leadership, resources, and a climate of readiness were instrumental in the implementation of family-forward initiatives.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Knowledge of these implementation constructs can be used to improve and adapt family-forward initiatives for the future as well as for development and implementation of initiatives for other public safety sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 152581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health disorder symptom changes among public safety personnel after emotional resilience skills training","authors":"R.N. Carleton ,&nbsp;S. Sauer-Zavala ,&nbsp;T.A. Teckchandani ,&nbsp;K.Q. Maguire ,&nbsp;L. Jamshidi ,&nbsp;R.E. Shields ,&nbsp;T.O. Afifi ,&nbsp;J. Nisbet ,&nbsp;K.L. Andrews ,&nbsp;S.H. Stewart ,&nbsp;A.J. Fletcher ,&nbsp;R. Martin ,&nbsp;R.S. MacPhee ,&nbsp;J.C. MacDermid ,&nbsp;T.M. Keane ,&nbsp;A. Brunet ,&nbsp;M. McCarron ,&nbsp;L.M. Lix ,&nbsp;N.A. Jones ,&nbsp;G.P. Krätzig ,&nbsp;G.J.G. Asmundson","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Public safety personnel (PSP) are frequently exposed to psychologically traumatic events. The exposures potentiate posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSIs), including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Protocol was designed to mitigate PTSIs using ongoing monitoring and PSP-delivered Emotional Resilience Skills Training (ERST) based on the Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders. The current study pilot-tested ERST effectiveness among diverse PSP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 16-month longitudinal design engaged serving PSP (<em>n</em> <em>=</em> 119; 34 % female; firefighters, municipal police, paramedics, public safety communicators) who completed PSP-delivered ERST. Participants were assessed for symptoms of PTSIs, including but not limited to PTSD, at pre- and post-training, and 1-year follow-up using self-report measures and clinical interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were reductions in self-report and clinical diagnostic interview positive screens for PTSD and other PTSI from pre- to post-training (<em>p</em>s &lt; 0.05), with mental health sustained or improved at 1-year follow-up. Improvements were observed among firefighters (Cohen's <em>d</em> = 0.40 to 0.71), police (Cohen's <em>d</em> = 0.28 to 0.38), paramedics (Cohen's <em>d</em> = 0.20 to 0.56), and communicators (Cohen's <em>d</em> = 0.05 to 0.14).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ongoing monitoring and PSP-delivered ERST, can produce small to large mental health improvements among diverse PSP, or mitigate PSP mental health challenges, with variations influenced by pre-training factors and organizational supports. ERST replication and extension research appears warranted.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>Hypotheses Registration: <span><span>aspredicted.org</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, #90136. Registered 7 March 2022 - Prospectively registered. Trial registration: <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT05530642</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 152580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cognitive model of perceptual anomalies: The role of source monitoring, top-down influence and inhibitory processes for hallucinations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and hallucinatory-like experiences in the general population","authors":"Adrianna Aleksandrowicz ,&nbsp;Joachim Kowalski ,&nbsp;Steffen Moritz ,&nbsp;Izabela Stefaniak ,&nbsp;Łukasz Gawęda","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive models emphasise that source monitoring, top-down processes, and inhibitory control are mechanisms of perceptual anomalies, particularly auditory hallucinations (AHs) and hallucinatory-like experiences (HLEs). Nonetheless, limited research integrates clinical and non-clinical perceptual anomalies to examine these cognitive mechanisms and the connections between them. The present study aimed to investigate the role of three cognitive processes within the perceptual anomalies continuum. Moreover, the study examines the relationship between perceptual anomalies, cognitive processes, self-disturbances, and general functioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty-nine patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) were divided into two groups based on AHs presence - 46 with AHs and 43 - non-hallucinating, 43 matched healthy controls (HC), and a sample selected from the general population of 40 participants with high HLEs and 43 with low HLEs performed three experimental tasks assessing top-down processes (False Perception Task - FPT), source monitoring (Action Memory Task - AMT), and inhibitory control (Go/No-Go Task).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both patient groups committed significantly more source monitoring errors and more false perceptions (after accounting for response bias) than HC, with no differences between SSD with AH vs SSD without current AH and high HLEs vs low HLEs. No significant group differences were found for false alarms in the Go/No-Go Task. However, there was a significant relationship between perceptual anomalies and all the cognitive processes as well as self-disturbances and functioning in the entire sample.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study sheds further light on the mechanisms and correlates of perceptual anomalies in clinical and non-clinical populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 152583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality organization and anxiety symptoms: Investigating the mediation of perfectionism","authors":"Krisztina Csáky-Pallavicini ,&nbsp;Zsolt Horváth ,&nbsp;Zsolt Unoka ,&nbsp;Bernadette Kun ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Personality functioning has increasing significance in the assessment of mental health and mental disorders. Otto Kernberg's model of personality organization is an extensively applied, theoretically grounded approach to categorizing the severity of personality impairment based on intrapsychic and interpersonal functioning. The Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO) self-report rating scale and its 16-item short version were developed to assess personality organization based on this model. This study aimed (i) to examine the factor structure of the short, 16-item version of the IPO, and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of perfectionism on the relationship between personality organization and anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>4340 individuals (mean age 37.7 years; 50.7 % females) were assessed for anxiety (Brief Symptom Inventory) and perfectionism (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale) besides applying the 16-item IPO<em>.</em></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A bifactor model with three specific factors showed the most optimal levels of model fit for the IPO-16. Only the general personality dysfunction factor was characterized by high levels of internal reliability. Self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism mediated the relationship between the general personality dysfunction factor and anxiety symptoms. Higher levels of GPD predicted higher rates of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism, which contributed to more severe symptoms of anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The IPO-16 can be usefully applied to assess a general level of personality dysfunction both in research and in clinical use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 152582"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neural correlates of guilt highlight preclinical manifestations between bipolar and major depressive disorders","authors":"Yu-Chi Lo ,&nbsp;Chenyi Chen ,&nbsp;Yawei Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Over 25 % of bipolar disorder (BD) patients are misdiagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). An urgent need exists for a biomarker to differentiate BD from MDD. Various manifestations and intensities of maladaptive guilt processing might uniquely contribute to the pathogenesis of BD compared to MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study adopted a first-person perspective guilt-provoking functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task, respectively induced by painful and ambiguous scenarios in 111 individuals: 35 with remitted MDD, 38 with remitted bipolar I disorder (BD-I), and 38 matched controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A significant interaction between group and sense of agency in predicting guilt ratings for ambiguous, rather than painful, scenarios. The association between sense of agency and guilt was significant in MDD but not in BD-I patients or controls. Activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC), and right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) was higher in BD-I than MDD subjects in response to ambiguous scenarios, whereas these were comparable to painful ones. The correlation between guilt ratings and activation in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) to ambiguous scenarios was significant in MDD, but not in BD-I or controls. The results of the multivariate pattern classification analysis showed that in the ambiguous scenarios, the accuracy of using brain activation patterns in the dmPFC, pgACC, and IPL to distinguish between participants with MDD and BD-I was 70.0 %, 71.5 %, and 68.7 %, respectively. An additional test of the classification model, employing a combined mask of the three ROIs to distinguish between the two mood disorders in ambiguous scenarios, achieved an accuracy of 78.6 % and an AUC value of 0.84.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Subjective reports and neural correlates of guilt in ambiguous social situations, as well as a sense of agency, could provide to be a potential biomarker to help distinguish between BD-I and MDD even in the remitted stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 152567"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}