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Assessing the effectiveness of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial 评估高清经颅直流电刺激治疗强迫症的效果:随机、双盲、对照试验的结果
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152520
Yang Wang , Jiayue Cheng , Hanyang Ruan , Jiazhe Zhang , Zifeng Zheng , Liangjun Lin , Jian Gao , Chenyu Yuan , Huiqin Han , Qing Fan , Zhen Wang

Objective

Characterized by its disabling nature, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) affects individuals profoundly, with nearly 40% of patients showing resistance to initial treatment methods. Despite being safe and easily accessible, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) lacks extensive substantiation supporting its efficacy in treating OCD. The objective of this study was to evaluate how cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) applied to the right orbitofrontal cortex affected patients with OCD in terms of efficacy.

Method

47 patients with OCD were enrolled. They were randomly allocated to active or sham stimulation groups, and underwent HD-tDCS stimulation treatment for 2 weeks. The central electrode located in the right orbitofrontal cortex region was cathodic. The severity of the patients' obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety were assessed before and after treatment.

Result

Out of the total, 44 patients concluded the treatment, comprising 23 participants from the active stimulation group and 21 from the sham stimulation group. Notably, substantial reductions in symptoms related to OCD, depression, and anxiety were exhibited in both groups. With a response rate of 26.1% in the active stimulation group and 23.8% in the sham stimulation group, there was no significant difference in efficacy observed. Furthermore, the reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms at the conclusion of the treatment was not notably superior in the active stimulation group.

Conclusion

This study provided evidence for the acceptability and safety of HD-tDCS. Nevertheless, the study did not reveal notable clinical effectiveness of tDCS in addressing moderate to severe OCD in comparison to the sham stimulation group.

目的强迫症(OCD)以其致残性为特征,对个人影响深远,近 40% 的患者对最初的治疗方法表现出抵抗力。尽管经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)安全且容易获得,但其治疗强迫症的疗效却缺乏广泛的证据支持。本研究旨在评估应用于右侧眶额皮层的阴极高清经颅直流电刺激(HD-tDCS)对强迫症患者的疗效影响。他们被随机分配到主动刺激组和假刺激组,接受为期两周的 HD-tDCS 刺激治疗。位于右侧眶额皮层区域的中央电极为阴极。结果共有44名患者完成了治疗,其中主动刺激组23人,假刺激组21人。值得注意的是,两组患者的强迫症、抑郁症和焦虑症相关症状均有显著减轻。主动刺激组的反应率为 26.1%,假刺激组为 23.8%,在疗效上没有明显差异。此外,在治疗结束时,主动刺激组抑郁和焦虑症状的减轻程度也没有明显优势。尽管如此,与假刺激组相比,该研究并未显示出 tDCS 在治疗中重度强迫症方面的显著临床疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Clarifying the prevalence of OCD: A response to reader comments 明确强迫症的流行程度:回应读者评论
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152492
Ilenia Pampaloni , Lucy Morris , Himanshu Tyagi , Enrico Pessina , Sabina Marriott , Claire Fischer , Heba Mohamed , Anusha Govender , Augusta Chandler , Stefano Pallanti

This response to a reader's comment on our paper “The Global Assessment of OCD” addresses the critique regarding the stated prevalence of OCD as the fourth most common mental disorder. We acknowledge an oversight in our initial reference, discuss the variable prevalence rates from various studies, and highlight the significant disability caused by OCD. We have requested a correction to the original citation to reflect more recent findings, aiming to ensure accuracy in the discourse on OCD's public health impact.

这是对一位读者就我们的论文《强迫症的全球评估》所作评论的回应,旨在回应有关强迫症作为第四大常见精神障碍的患病率的批评。我们承认在最初的引用中存在疏忽,讨论了不同研究中的不同患病率,并强调了强迫症造成的严重残疾。我们要求对原始引用进行更正,以反映最新的研究结果,旨在确保关于强迫症对公共健康影响的讨论的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
A comprehensive measure assessing different types of problematic use of the internet among Chinese adolescents: The Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) 评估中国青少年不同类型的网络使用问题的综合测量方法:特定网络使用障碍评估标准(ACSID-11)。
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152517
Mohsen Saffari , Chao-Ying Chen , I-Hua Chen , Kamolthip Ruckwongpatr , Mark D. Griffiths , Marc N. Potenza , Xue Lian Wang , Yu-Ting Huang , Jung-Sheng Chen , Ching-Chung Tsai , Chung-Ying Lin

Background

Problematic use of the internet (PUI) is prevalent, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Given the limited measures to assess specific types of PUI, which encompasses a broad spectrum of activities such as online gaming, social media use, pornography use, shopping, gambling, and web-streaming, Muller et al. (2022) developed the Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) to comprehensively assess different types of PUI (i.e., gaming, shopping, social media use, gambling, and pornography use). The present study aimed to validate the Chinese ACSID-11 among adolescents incorporating cross-cultural adaptations.

Methods

Using forward-backward translation method, a culturally adapted version of the ACSID-11 was prepared. Then, a cross-sectional online survey was administered between September 8 and September 26, 2023. Adolescents, using a convenience sample (N = 11,492; mean age = 16.42 years [SD ± 0.91]; 59.1% male), were recruited from six schools to complete the translated ACSID-11, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and Smartphone Application Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) via an online platform. Pearson correlation coefficients assessed convergent/discriminant validity. Factor structure and measurement invariance were examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega tested internal consistency.

Results

Associations between the ACSID-11 components and other scales supported convergent validity (i.e., ACSID-11 gaming scale with IGDS9-SF [0.37 ≤ r ≤ 0.41]; social networks use scale with BSMAS [0.24 ≤ r ≤ 0.31]) and discriminant validity (i.e., online gambling scale with BSMAS [0.16 ≤ r ≤ 0.19] and with SABAS [0.11 ≤ r ≤ 0.13]). A four-factor solution indicated good fit with comparative fit index (CFI) ranging from 0.982 to 0.958. The ACSID-11 was measurement invariant across sexes (∆CFI = -0.001 to 0.000) and different levels of related addictive behaviors (∆CFI = -0.001 to 0.000). Both Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega (0.63 to 0.97) were acceptable for both frequency and intensity of responses.

Conclusions

The ACSID-11 is an appropriate scale to assess different kinds of PUI among Chinese adolescents and students. Psychometric assessment of the measure in other cultures and among clinical samples is recommended.

背景:有问题地使用互联网(PUI)的现象非常普遍,尤其是在青少年和年轻成年人中。鉴于评估特定类型 PUI(包括网络游戏、社交媒体使用、色情使用、购物、赌博和网络流媒体等广泛活动)的措施有限,Muller 等人(2022 年)开发了特定网络使用障碍评估标准(ACSID-11),以全面评估不同类型的 PUI(即游戏、购物、社交媒体使用、赌博和色情使用)。本研究旨在结合跨文化适应性在青少年中验证中文 ACSID-11:方法:采用前向-后向翻译法,编制了ACSID-11的文化适应版本。然后,在 2023 年 9 月 8 日至 9 月 26 日期间进行了一次横断面在线调查。研究人员从6所学校招募了青少年,通过在线平台完成了ACSID-11、网络游戏障碍量表-简表(IGDS9-SF)、卑尔根社交媒体成瘾量表(BSMAS)和智能手机应用成瘾量表(SABAS)的翻译。皮尔逊相关系数评估了收敛/判别效度。通过确认性因素分析(CFA)和多组因素分析对因素结构和测量不变性进行了检验。Cronbach's alpha 和 McDonald's omega 检验了内部一致性:结果:ACSID-11各部分与其他量表之间的关联支持收敛效度(即ACSID-11游戏量表与IGDS9-SF[0.37 ≤ r ≤ 0.41];社交网络使用量表与BSMAS[0.24 ≤ r ≤ 0.31])和区分效度(即网络赌博量表与BSMAS[0.16 ≤ r ≤ 0.19],与SABAS[0.11 ≤ r ≤ 0.13])。四因素解表明拟合度良好,比较拟合指数(CFI)在 0.982 至 0.958 之间。ACSID-11 在不同性别(∆CFI = -0.001 至 0.000)和不同程度的相关成瘾行为(∆CFI = -0.001 至 0.000)之间具有测量不变性。Cronbach's阿尔法和McDonald's欧米茄(0.63至0.97)对反应的频率和强度都是可以接受的:结论:ACSID-11 是评估中国青少年和学生不同类型 PUI 的合适量表。建议在其他文化和临床样本中对该量表进行心理计量评估。
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of treatment attendance in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid personality disorders 创伤后应激障碍和合并人格障碍患者接受治疗的预测因素。
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152516
Arne van den End , Aishah Snoek , Inga Aarts , Aartjan T.F. Beekman , Jack Dekker , Matthijs Blankers , Nick Lommerse , Kathleen Thomaes

Introduction

High dropout and low treatment attendance rates among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and personality disorders (PDs) continue to pose a significant challenge. Despite numerous studies focusing on enhancing treatment attendance, the identification of consistent and reliable predictors in patients with PTSD and comorbid PDs remains limited.

Objectives

This study aims to investigate a wide range of potential predictors of treatment attendance, encompassing demographic, patient-severity, treatment, and therapist-related variables in patients with PTSD and comorbid borderline and/or cluster C PDs.

Methods

Utilizing data from 255 patients participating in two randomized controlled trials comparing trauma-focused treatment with or without concurrent PD treatment, candidate predictors were individually analyzed in univariate regression models. Significant predictors were then combined in a multiple ordinal regression model.

Results

In total, 40% of patients attended fewer trauma-focused treatment sessions than the minimum recommended in treatment guidelines. Out of the 38 candidate predictors examined, five significant, independent predictors of treatment attendance emerged in a multiple ordinal regression model. Higher baseline PTSD severity (OR = 1.04, p = .036), higher education level (OR = 1.22, p = .009) and a stronger patient-rated working alliance (OR = 1.72, p = .047) with the therapist predicted higher treatment attendance. Conversely, inadequate social support from friends (OR = 0.90, p = .042) and concurrent PD treatment and trauma-focused treatment (OR = 0.52, p = .022) were associated with lower treatment attendance.

Conclusions

In conclusion, this constitutes the first study investigating predictors of treatment attendance in patients with PTSD and comorbid PDs. The results highlight the complexity of pinpointing reliable predictors. Nevertheless, the identification of five predictors provides valuable insights, aiding clinicians in customizing treatment strategies for individual patients and enhancing overall treatment attendance.

导言:创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和人格障碍(PDs)患者的高辍学率和低治疗出勤率仍然是一项重大挑战。尽管有许多研究关注提高治疗出勤率,但在创伤后应激障碍和合并人格障碍患者中确定一致且可靠的预测因素仍然有限:本研究旨在调查创伤后应激障碍和合并边缘型和/或C群创伤后应激障碍患者治疗出勤率的各种潜在预测因素,包括人口统计学、患者严重程度、治疗和治疗师相关变量:利用参与两项随机对照试验的255名患者的数据,比较创伤焦点治疗与或不同时进行创伤后应激障碍治疗,在单变量回归模型中对候选预测因素进行了单独分析。然后在多元序数回归模型中对重要的预测因素进行综合分析:共有 40% 的患者参加的创伤焦点治疗疗程少于治疗指南建议的最低疗程。在38个候选预测因子中,有5个重要的独立预测因子出现在多元序数回归模型中。较高的创伤后应激障碍基线严重程度(OR = 1.04,p = .036)、较高的教育水平(OR = 1.22,p = .009)和患者评价较高的与治疗师的工作联盟(OR = 1.72,p = .047)预示着较高的治疗出席率。相反,来自朋友的社会支持不足(OR = 0.90,p = .042)以及同时接受帕金森病治疗和以创伤为重点的治疗(OR = 0.52,p = .022)与较低的治疗出勤率有关:总之,这是第一项调查创伤后应激障碍和并发创伤后应激障碍患者治疗出勤率预测因素的研究。研究结果凸显了确定可靠预测因素的复杂性。然而,五个预测因子的确定提供了有价值的见解,有助于临床医生为个别患者定制治疗策略并提高整体治疗出勤率。
{"title":"Predictors of treatment attendance in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid personality disorders","authors":"Arne van den End ,&nbsp;Aishah Snoek ,&nbsp;Inga Aarts ,&nbsp;Aartjan T.F. Beekman ,&nbsp;Jack Dekker ,&nbsp;Matthijs Blankers ,&nbsp;Nick Lommerse ,&nbsp;Kathleen Thomaes","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>High dropout and low treatment attendance rates among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and personality disorders (PDs) continue to pose a significant challenge. Despite numerous studies focusing on enhancing treatment attendance, the identification of consistent and reliable predictors in patients with PTSD and comorbid PDs remains limited.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to investigate a wide range of potential predictors of treatment attendance, encompassing demographic, patient-severity, treatment, and therapist-related variables in patients with PTSD and comorbid borderline and/or cluster C PDs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilizing data from 255 patients participating in two randomized controlled trials comparing trauma-focused treatment with or without concurrent PD treatment, candidate predictors were individually analyzed in univariate regression models. Significant predictors were then combined in a multiple ordinal regression model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 40% of patients attended fewer trauma-focused treatment sessions than the minimum recommended in treatment guidelines. Out of the 38 candidate predictors examined, five significant, independent predictors of treatment attendance emerged in a multiple ordinal regression model. Higher baseline PTSD severity (<em>OR</em> = 1.04, <em>p</em> = .036), higher education level (<em>OR</em> = 1.22, <em>p</em> = .009) and a stronger patient-rated working alliance (<em>OR</em> = 1.72, <em>p</em> = .047) with the therapist predicted higher treatment attendance. Conversely, inadequate social support from friends (<em>OR</em> = 0.90, <em>p</em> = .042) and concurrent PD treatment and trauma-focused treatment (<em>OR</em> = 0.52, <em>p</em> = .022) were associated with lower treatment attendance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In conclusion, this constitutes the first study investigating predictors of treatment attendance in patients with PTSD and comorbid PDs. The results highlight the complexity of pinpointing reliable predictors. Nevertheless, the identification of five predictors provides valuable insights, aiding clinicians in customizing treatment strategies for individual patients and enhancing overall treatment attendance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000671/pdfft?md5=9c1b24933c2d76b5fc402e50c786cc5e&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000671-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of emotional abuse on eating disorder psychopathology: A multiple mediation analysis 情感虐待对饮食失调精神病理学的影响:多重中介分析。
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152515
Barone Eugenia , Carfagno Marco , Marafioti Niccolò , Bello Rosaria , Arsenio Eleonora , Marone Luigi , Volpicelli Antonio , Cascino Giammarco , Monteleone Alessio Maria

Introduction

Childhood maltreatment, particularly emotional abuse (EA), has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of eating disorders (EDs). This study investigated the association between EA and ED symptoms while considering multiple potential mediators.

Methods

Participants included 151 individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), 115 with Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and 108 healthy controls. The Childhood trauma questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia scale, the Behavioral inhibition System, and the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 scale were completed before treatment. A mediator path model was conducted in each group: EA was set as independent variable, eating symptoms as dependent variables and ineffectiveness, sensitivity to punishment, alexithymia, and impulsivity as mediators.

Results

In individuals with AN, impulsivity emerged as a significant mediator between EA and desire for thinness and bulimic behaviors. Conversely, in individuals with BN, sensitivity to punishment was found to mediate the association between EA and dissatisfaction with one's body.

Ineffectiveness and difficulty identifying emotions were identified as transdiagnostic mediators in both clinical groups. No mediation effect was found in healthy individuals.

Discussion

The simultaneous assessment of multiple mediators in a unique model outlines the complex interplay between childhood EA and ED psychopathology. Improving ineffectiveness, emotion identification, sensitivity to punishment and impulsivity and exploring their relations with early emotional abuse may represent treatment targets in individuals with EDs and childhood trauma.

导言:童年时期的虐待,尤其是情感虐待(EA),已被确认为进食障碍(ED)发病的重要风险因素。本研究调查了情感虐待与进食障碍症状之间的关系,同时考虑了多种潜在的中介因素:参与者包括 151 名神经性厌食症(AN)患者、115 名神经性贪食症(BN)患者和 108 名健康对照者。治疗前完成童年创伤问卷、多伦多亚历山大量表、行为抑制系统和饮食失调量表 2。每组都建立了一个中介路径模型:将进食障碍作为自变量,进食症状作为因变量,无效性、对惩罚的敏感性、亚历山大症和冲动性作为中介变量:结果:在 AN 患者中,冲动是 EA 与瘦身欲望和暴食行为之间的重要中介因素。相反,在 BN 患者中,对惩罚的敏感性被认为是 EA 与对自己身体不满意之间的中介因素。在这两个临床群体中,无效性和难以识别情绪被认为是跨诊断的中介因素。在健康人中未发现中介效应:讨论:在一个独特的模型中同时评估多个中介因素,勾勒出了童年情绪情感障碍与 ED 精神病理学之间复杂的相互作用。改善无效性、情绪识别、对惩罚的敏感性和冲动性,并探索它们与早期情绪虐待的关系,可能是患有 ED 和童年创伤的个体的治疗目标。
{"title":"Impact of emotional abuse on eating disorder psychopathology: A multiple mediation analysis","authors":"Barone Eugenia ,&nbsp;Carfagno Marco ,&nbsp;Marafioti Niccolò ,&nbsp;Bello Rosaria ,&nbsp;Arsenio Eleonora ,&nbsp;Marone Luigi ,&nbsp;Volpicelli Antonio ,&nbsp;Cascino Giammarco ,&nbsp;Monteleone Alessio Maria","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Childhood maltreatment, particularly emotional abuse (EA), has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of eating disorders (EDs). This study investigated the association between EA and ED symptoms while considering multiple potential mediators.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants included 151 individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), 115 with Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and 108 healthy controls. The Childhood trauma questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia scale, the Behavioral inhibition System, and the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 scale were completed before treatment. A mediator path model was conducted in each group: EA was set as independent variable, eating symptoms as dependent variables and ineffectiveness, sensitivity to punishment, alexithymia, and impulsivity as mediators.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In individuals with AN, impulsivity emerged as a significant mediator between EA and desire for thinness and bulimic behaviors. Conversely, in individuals with BN, sensitivity to punishment was found to mediate the association between EA and dissatisfaction with one's body.</p><p>Ineffectiveness and difficulty identifying emotions were identified as transdiagnostic mediators in both clinical groups. No mediation effect was found in healthy individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The simultaneous assessment of multiple mediators in a unique model outlines the complex interplay between childhood EA and ED psychopathology. Improving ineffectiveness, emotion identification, sensitivity to punishment and impulsivity and exploring their relations with early emotional abuse may represent treatment targets in individuals with EDs and childhood trauma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X2400066X/pdfft?md5=38dd5c371ea2a94b49b49e46ee00bdc1&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X2400066X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Validation of an abbreviated Big Five personality inventory at large population scale: Psychometric structure and associations with common psychiatric and neurological disorders 在大规模人群中验证缩写的大五人格量表:心理计量结构以及与常见精神和神经疾病的关联。
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152514
Weixi Kang , Jeggan Tiego , Peter J. Hellyer , William Trender , Jon E. Grant , Samuel R. Chamberlain , Adam Hampshire

Background

The five-factor model of personality, as quantified using instruments such as the Big Five Inventory, consists of broad personality domains including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism (emotional instability), and Openness. Such instruments typically include >40 items. However, instruments with many items can be unwieldly and a cause of measurement error in clinical and cohort studies where multiple scales are sequenced. Conversely, established 5- and 10-item versions of the Big Five Inventory have poor reliability. Here, we developed and validated an abbreviated 18-item Big Five Inventory that balances efficiency, reliability and sensitivity.

Method

We analysed three datasets (N = 59,797, N = 21,177, and N = 87,983) from individuals who participated in the online Great British Intelligence Test (GBIT) study, a collaborative citizen science project with BBC2 Horizon. We applied factor analyses (FA), predictive normative modelling, and one-sample t-tests to validate the 18-item version of the Big Five and to investigate its associations with psychiatric and neurological conditions.

Results

The 18-item version of the Big Five Inventory had higher validity and retest reliability compared to the other previously shortened versions in the literature, with comparable demographic associations to the full Big Five Inventory. It exhibited strong (i.e. large effect size) associations with psychiatric conditions, and moderate (small-medium) associations with neurological conditions. Neuroticism (emotional instability) was substantially higher in all psychiatric conditions, whereas Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion showed differential associations across conditions.

Conclusion

The newly validated 18-item version of the Big Five provides a convenient means of measuring personality traits that is suitable for deployment in a range of studies. It retains psychometric structure, retest reliability and clinical-group sensitivity, as compared to the full original scale.

背景:人格的五因素模型通过大五量表等工具进行量化,包括外向性(Extraversion)、宜人性(Agreeableness)、自觉性(Consientiousness)、神经质(Neuroticism)(情绪不稳定性)和开放性(Openness)等广泛的人格领域。此类工具通常包含 40 个以上的项目。然而,在临床和队列研究中,如果对多个量表进行排序,那么包含许多项目的量表可能会很笨重,而且会造成测量误差。相反,已有的大五量表 5 项和 10 项版本的可靠性较差。在此,我们开发并验证了兼顾效率、可靠性和灵敏度的缩略版 18 项大五量表:我们分析了三个数据集(N = 59,797、N = 21,177、N = 87,983),这些数据来自参与在线大英智力测验(GBIT)研究的个人,该研究是与 BBC2 Horizon 合作开展的公民科学项目。我们采用因子分析(FA)、预测性常模和单样本 t 检验来验证 18 个项目版本的 "大五项",并研究其与精神和神经状况的关联:与之前文献中的其他缩短版本相比,18 项大五量表具有更高的效度和重测信度,与完整的大五量表具有相似的人口统计学关联。它与精神疾病的关联性较强(即效应大小较大),与神经系统疾病的关联性中等(小-中等)。神经质(情绪不稳定性)在所有精神疾病中都明显较高,而自觉性、开放性和外向性则在不同疾病中表现出不同的相关性:新近验证的 18 项大五人格特征版本提供了一种方便的人格特质测量方法,适合用于各种研究。与完整的原始量表相比,它保留了心理测量结构、重测可靠性和临床群体敏感性。
{"title":"Validation of an abbreviated Big Five personality inventory at large population scale: Psychometric structure and associations with common psychiatric and neurological disorders","authors":"Weixi Kang ,&nbsp;Jeggan Tiego ,&nbsp;Peter J. Hellyer ,&nbsp;William Trender ,&nbsp;Jon E. Grant ,&nbsp;Samuel R. Chamberlain ,&nbsp;Adam Hampshire","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The five-factor model of personality, as quantified using instruments such as the Big Five Inventory, consists of broad personality domains including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism (emotional instability), and Openness. Such instruments typically include &gt;40 items. However, instruments with many items can be unwieldly and a cause of measurement error in clinical and cohort studies where multiple scales are sequenced. Conversely, established 5- and 10-item versions of the Big Five Inventory have poor reliability. Here, we developed and validated an abbreviated 18-item Big Five Inventory that balances efficiency, reliability and sensitivity.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We analysed three datasets (<em>N</em> = 59,797, <em>N</em> = 21,177, and <em>N</em> = 87,983) from individuals who participated in the online Great British Intelligence Test (GBIT) study, a collaborative citizen science project with BBC2 Horizon. We applied factor analyses (FA), predictive normative modelling, and one-sample <em>t</em>-tests to validate the 18-item version of the Big Five and to investigate its associations with psychiatric and neurological conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 18-item version of the Big Five Inventory had higher validity and retest reliability compared to the other previously shortened versions in the literature, with comparable demographic associations to the full Big Five Inventory. It exhibited strong (i.e. large effect size) associations with psychiatric conditions, and moderate (small-medium) associations with neurological conditions. Neuroticism (emotional instability) was substantially higher in all psychiatric conditions, whereas Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion showed differential associations across conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The newly validated 18-item version of the Big Five provides a convenient means of measuring personality traits that is suitable for deployment in a range of studies. It retains psychometric structure, retest reliability and clinical-group sensitivity, as compared to the full original scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000658/pdfft?md5=9d6d24ff6cb3a99f7b494aa0f171aec2&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Similarities and differences in the psychological factors associated with generalised problematic internet use, problematic social media use, and problematic online gaming 与普遍问题性网络使用、问题性社交媒体使用和问题性网络游戏相关的心理因素的异同
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152512
Magdalena Sánchez-Fernández , Mercedes Borda-Mas , Zsolt Horvath , Zsolt Demetrovics

Problematic online behaviours are a concern among university students. Although previous research has identified that psychological distress, cognitive distortions, conscientiousness and neuroticism traits, motor impulsivity, and emotion regulation strategies have a significant direct effect on generalised problematic Internet use (GPIU), problematic social media use (PSMU), and problematic online gaming (POG), it is still necessary to determine the extent to which these psychological factors, taken together, are associated with each of the problematic online behaviours. In a sample of 690 Spanish university students, the present study examined the relationship of these psychological factors with GPIU, PSMU, and POG. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. Results reported that (1) high psychological distress, low conscientiousness trait and high motor impulsivity were common associated factors of GPIU and PSMU, but not of POG; (2) high levels of cognitive distortions and cognitive reappraisal were common associated factors of GPIU, PSMU and POG; and (3) expressive suppression and neuroticism trait had no effect on any of the three problematic online behaviours. The findings will help to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies for each problematic online behaviour in the university context.

有问题的网络行为是大学生关注的一个问题。尽管以往的研究发现,心理困扰、认知扭曲、自觉性和神经质特质、运动冲动和情绪调节策略对普遍问题性网络使用(GPIU)、问题性社交媒体使用(PSMU)和问题性网络游戏(POG)有显著的直接影响,但仍有必要确定这些心理因素在多大程度上与每种问题性网络行为相关联。本研究以 690 名西班牙大学生为样本,研究了这些心理因素与 GPIU、PSMU 和 POG 的关系。研究进行了相关分析和回归分析。结果表明:(1) 高心理压力、低自觉性特质和高运动冲动性是 GPIU 和 PSMU 的常见相关因素,但不是 POG 的常见相关因素;(2) 高认知扭曲水平和认知再评价是 GPIU、PSMU 和 POG 的常见相关因素;(3) 表达压抑和神经质特质对这三种问题网络行为均无影响。研究结果将有助于针对大学环境中的每种问题网络行为制定有效的预防和干预策略。
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引用次数: 0
Work addiction and personality organization: Results from a representative, three-wave longitudinal study 工作成瘾与人格组织:一项具有代表性的三波纵向研究的结果。
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152513
Viktória Bodó , Zsolt Horváth , Borbála Paksi , Andrea Eisinger , Katalin Felvinczi , Zsolt Demetrovics , Bernadette Kun

Background: Several studies have explored the relationship between personality and work addiction, suggesting that individuals with certain mental disorders, including personality disorders such as obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), may be more prone to work addiction. However, the characterization of personality organization (PO) among workaholics and its contribution to the persistence of work addiction remains unclear. Methods: In this longitudinal study of a representative sample of young adults (N = 1748), we applied the Bergen Work Addiction Scale and the Inventory of Personality Organization. Results: We found significant correlations between work addiction and identity diffusion, primitive psychological defenses, reality testing, and overall personality disorganization across three waves. A latent class growth analysis revealed three profiles: no work addiction, increasing work addiction, and constant moderate work addiction. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that higher levels of personality disorganization in wave 1 and increases in personality disorganization between waves 1 and 3 were associated with higher odds of belonging to the increasing work addiction group. Similarly, higher overall personality disorganization in wave 1 was associated with higher odds of belonging to the constant moderate work addiction group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with chronic work addiction have lower levels of PO, and PO declines as work addiction persists. Screenings for work addiction are recommended to prevent potential mental health issues. Future research should explore the influence of workplace characteristics and work motivations on the association between work addiction and personality disorders.

背景:一些研究探讨了人格与工作成瘾之间的关系,认为患有某些精神障碍(包括强迫性人格障碍等人格障碍)的人可能更容易工作成瘾。然而,工作狂的人格组织(PO)特征及其对工作成瘾持续性的贡献仍不清楚:在这项对具有代表性的年轻成人样本(N = 1748)进行的纵向研究中,我们采用了卑尔根工作成瘾量表和人格组织量表:结果:我们发现,工作成瘾与身份扩散、原始心理防御、现实测试和整体人格混乱之间在三个波次中存在明显的相关性。通过潜类增长分析,我们发现了三种情况:无工作成瘾、工作成瘾加剧和持续中度工作成瘾。多项式逻辑回归分析表明,第一波中人格混乱程度较高以及第一波和第三波之间人格混乱程度的增加与属于工作成瘾增加组的几率较高有关。同样,第1波中总体人格混乱程度较高与属于恒定中度工作成瘾组的几率较高有关:这些研究结果表明,长期工作成瘾者的 PO 水平较低,随着工作成瘾的持续,PO 水平也会下降。建议进行工作成瘾筛查,以预防潜在的心理健康问题。未来的研究应探讨工作场所特征和工作动机对工作成瘾与人格障碍之间关系的影响。
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引用次数: 0
We've all been wrong about provisional tic disorder 我们对暂时性抽搐症的认识都是错误的。
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152510
Sarah C. Grossen , Amanda L. Arbuckle , Emily C. Bihun , Jonathan M. Koller , David Y. Song , Angela M. Reiersen , Bradley L. Schlaggar , Deanna J. Greene , Kevin J. Black

Background

Provisional Tic Disorder (PTD) is common in childhood. The received wisdom among clinicians is that PTD is short-lived and mild, with at most a few tics, and rarely includes complex tics, premonitory phenomena or comorbid illnesses. However, such conclusions come from clinical experience, with biased ascertainment and limited follow-up.

Methods

Prospective study of 89 children with tics starting 0–9 months ago (median 4 months), fewer than half from clinical sources. Follow-up at 12 (± 24, 36, 48) months after the first tic.

Results

At study entry, many children had ADHD (39), an anxiety disorder (27), OCD (9) or enuresis (17). All had at least two current tics, with a mean total since onset of 6.9 motor and 2.0 phonic tics. Forty-one had experienced a complex tic, and 69 could suppress some tics. Tics were clinically meaningful: 64 had tics severe enough for a clinical trial, and 76 families sought medical attention for the tics.

At 12 months, 79 returned, and 78 still had tics. Of these, 29 manifested no tics during history and extended examination, but only via audio-visual monitoring when the child was seated alone. Only 12/70 now had plans to see a doctor for tics. Most who returned at 2–4 years still had tics known to the child and family, but medical impact was low.

Conclusions

Our results do not contradict previous data, but overturn clinical lore. The data strongly argue against the longstanding but arbitrary tradition of separating tic disorders into recent-onset versus chronic.

背景介绍暂时性抽搐症(PTD)在儿童时期很常见。临床医生普遍认为,临场抽搐症持续时间短且症状轻微,最多只有几次抽搐,很少出现复杂抽搐、前兆现象或合并症。然而,这些结论都是根据临床经验得出的,其确定存在偏差,而且随访时间有限:方法:对 89 名 0-9 个月前(中位数为 4 个月)开始抽搐的儿童进行前瞻性研究,其中不到一半来自临床。在首次抽搐后 12(± 24、36、48)个月进行随访:研究开始时,许多儿童患有多动症(39 例)、焦虑症(27 例)、强迫症(9 例)或遗尿症(17 例)。所有儿童目前至少有两次抽搐,自发病以来的平均总抽搐次数为 6.9 次运动性抽搐和 2.0 次发音性抽搐。41 人经历过复杂的抽搐,69 人可以抑制某些抽搐。抽搐具有临床意义:64 人的抽搐严重到需要进行临床试验,76 个家庭因抽搐而就医。12 个月后,79 人复诊,78 人仍有抽搐症状。其中,29 人在病史和扩展检查中没有表现出抽搐,但只有在孩子单独坐着时才通过视听监测表现出抽搐。现在只有 12/70 的人计划去看医生治疗抽搐。大多数在 2-4 年后复诊的患者,其抽搐症状仍为患儿和家人所知,但对医疗的影响较小:我们的研究结果与之前的数据并不矛盾,但推翻了临床传说。这些数据有力地反驳了长期以来将抽搐症分为新发抽搐症和慢性抽搐症这一武断的传统。
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引用次数: 0
Pixels and perception: Mapping the association between digital media and psychotic-like experiences in adolescents 像素与感知:绘制数字媒体与青少年精神病样体验之间的关联图
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152509
Kaiden Hein , Daniel Zarate , Tyrone Burleigh , Vasileios Stavropoulos

Introduction

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) during adolescence can lead to psychotic disorders. Digital media usage has been suggested to link to PLEs, but research is limited on how different types of screen exposure may differentially relate to PLEs over time. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between screen usage patterns and PLEs in adolescents.

Methods

Participants comprised 11,876 adolescents assessed annually from ages 9–12 years as part of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD). Screen usage (TV, video games, online video, social media, texting, video chat) and PLEs were assessed via self-report. Longitudinal network analysis models were estimated to examine connections between screen usage types and PLEs across three time points.

Results

Two clusters were formed, including digital media for socializing (e.g., social media/texting/video chat) and digital media for entertainment (e.g., online video/video games/TV). Texting and online video(s) had the highest centrality at each time point, suggesting importance in the network. PLE symptoms of hallucinations and concentration difficulties exhibited higher centrality than other symptoms. Online video and TV were influential bridges between screen usage and PLEs. Network structure significantly differed between ages 9–10 and 10–12 years, but global strength was unchanged over time.

Discussion

Results highlight the importance of understanding the associations between specific screen usage types and PLE symptoms. Texting and online video usage appear most influential in the development of adolescent PLEs over time. Findings can inform targeted interventions to promote healthy screen habits and reduce PLEs in at-risk youth.

导言:青春期的类精神病体验(PLEs)可能会导致精神病性障碍。数字媒体的使用被认为与 PLEs 有关,但关于不同类型的屏幕接触如何随着时间的推移与 PLEs 产生不同关系的研究却很有限。本研究旨在研究青少年屏幕使用模式与 PLEs 之间的纵向联系。方法参与者包括 11,876 名青少年,他们在 9-12 岁期间每年接受一次评估,这是青少年大脑认知发展研究(ABCD)的一部分。屏幕使用(电视、视频游戏、在线视频、社交媒体、短信、视频聊天)和 PLEs 通过自我报告进行评估。对纵向网络分析模型进行了估算,以研究屏幕使用类型和 PLEs 在三个时间点之间的联系。结果形成了两个群组,包括用于社交的数字媒体(如社交媒体/发短信/视频聊天)和用于娱乐的数字媒体(如在线视频/视频游戏/电视)。在每个时间点,短信和在线视频的中心度最高,这表明它们在网络中的重要性。幻觉和注意力不集中等精神分裂症症状的中心度高于其他症状。在线视频和电视是连接屏幕使用和 PLEs 的重要桥梁。网络结构在 9-10 岁和 10-12 岁之间存在明显差异,但整体强度随时间推移没有变化。随着时间的推移,发短信和使用在线视频似乎对青少年 PLEs 的发展影响最大。研究结果可以为有针对性的干预措施提供信息,以促进高危青少年养成健康的屏幕使用习惯并减少 PLEs。
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引用次数: 0
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Comprehensive psychiatry
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