Contemporary Clinical Dentistry最新文献

Aim and objectives: Estimation and correlation of plasma fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) and salivary fibrin precipitating factor (FPF) in oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients, betel quid chewers without OSMF and healthy individuals. The study aims to evaluate whether FDP and FPF can be used as a marker for development and progression of OSMF and whether there is any correlation between the two.

Methodology: The study included 163 subjects grouped into three categories, Group 1, which included 54 control patients, Group 2, which included 55 betel quid chewers, and Group 3, which included 54 clinically confirmed OSMF patients. All of them were subjected to the estimation of plasma FDP and salivary FPF.

Results: FDP was present in 52 (96.3%) patients in Group 3, 2 (3.6%) patients in Group 2, and 1 patient in Group 1 (1.9%). FPF was positive in eight patients. The correlation of FDP and FPF was done by Fisher's exact test and was found to be statistically nonsignificant.

Conclusion: In the present study, FDP was positive in 52 (96.3%) OSMF patients; hence, FDP may be used as an early indicator of OSMF. FDP was found to be positive in two patients with a habit of chewing betel quid without OSMF. It may be hypothesized that these patients are more likely to develop OSMF. Hence, the estimation of FDP may be used as a diagnostic test to predict an impending OSMF before it could manifest itself clinically. FPF was negative in some OSMF patients, may be because it is below the detectable range.

Aim: The study compared the penetration depth and area of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biosurfactants inside the dentinal tubules against sodium hypochlorite at three levels (coronal, middle, and apical) under a confocal laser scanning microscope.

Materials and methodology: Three experimental groups and one control were created using freshly extracted thirty-five maxillary central incisors; Group 1: B. subtilis biosurfactant; Group 2: P. aeruginosa biosurfactants; Group 3: sodium hypochlorite; and Group 4: distilled water. The experimental data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, duly coupled with Tukey's post hoc test to draw concrete conclusions between paired comparisons, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis biosurfactant showed the maximum mean penetration depth and area at all the level as compared to sodium hypochlorite.

Conclusion: Biosurfactants showed better results than sodium hypochlorite in reaching to higher penetration depth and area at all the three levels.

Goldenhar syndrome is a rare disorder that normally affects just one side and is distinguished by a variety of anomalies in internal organs, vertebrae, and craniofacial tissues. Although this sickness varies genetically and has been linked to a variety of factors, its etiology is unknown. We describe a case of hemifacial microsomia linked with Goldenhar syndrome that was clinically and radiographically investigated using cone-beam computed tomography. Several classical indications of the condition were present in the patient along with few uncommon ones. The many facets of this uncommon disease have been covered, with a focus on early detection and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment.

Background: The bond capacity of universal adhesives should be comparable to a specific primer for zirconia. Thus, this study evaluated the bond strength to zirconia of four universal adhesives and a zirconia primer over long-term storage.

Materials and methods: The surfaces of 75 samples of zirconia were sandblasted with 50 µm aluminum oxide particles and then divided into groups (n = 15): G1 - Single Bond Universal (SBU); G2 - All Bond Universal; G3 - Peak Universal Bond; G4 - Ambar Universal (AU), and G5 - Z-Prime Plus (ZP). A cone of resin composite was constructed on the applied materials. The samples were submitted to a tensile bond strength test after 24 h using a universal testing machine. Then, the remaining materials were removed from the sample surfaces, and the surfaces were polished and sandblasted again as previously described to obtain the same groups. These new samples were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 12 months and then submitted to a tensile bond strength test. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α =0.05).

Results: The material factor (P = 0.001) and the storage factor (P = 0.001) were significant, and the interaction was not significant (P = 0.117). According to Tukey's test, bond strength mean values (in MPa) followed by distinct letters were significantly different. After 24 h, G5 = 21.12 A, G1 = 20.55 A, G4 = 19.19 AB, G2 = 14.22 B, and G3 = 8.44 C. After 12 months, G1 = 7.37 A, G5 = 5.61 AB, G4 = 4.97 B, G2 = 3.32 C, and G3 = 1.93 D. After 12 months of storage, all groups' bond strength significantly decreased.

Conclusions: SBU and AU had bond strengths comparable to ZP after 24 h. No material resisted water degradation.

Tissue conditioner is used to condition inflamed mucosa induced by denture stomatitis. However, the drawback of the aging tissue conditioner is increased surface roughness, thus enhance microbial adhesion. Ocimum basilicum is known for its antimicrobial effects but its use in liners has not been investigated. Aims: This study aimed to determine the antifungal efficacy of ocimum basilicum essential oil (OBEO) when incorporated into tissue conditioner against C. albicans and the effect on the properties.

Subject and methods: The antimicrobial activities were determined using disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). After incorporation into tissue conditioner, the color difference and surface roughness were evaluated after one day. The surface morphology and the antibiofilm activity were assessed on day 1 and day 14.

Results: The zone of inhibition of OBEO on Sabouraud Dextrose agar was significantly wider than nystatin and deionized water (P=0.000) with the MIC and MFC values were 1.25% and 5%. Both OBEO concentrations incorporated into tissue conditioner, there was no significant difference of color changes in the light-dark character (P=0.102) and surface roughness (P=0.920) when compared to the control group. As for adherence at days 1 and 14, both concentrations of OBEO in tissue conditioner show significantly reduced adherence of C. albicans compared to the control group (P=0.000).

Conclusion: OBEO exhibited significantly better antifungal activity against C. albicans when compared to nystatin and deionized water and resulted in no significant color changes, better surface roughness and lesser adherence of C. albicans toward the tissue conditioner.

Background: Periodontitis causes the destruction of soft and hard tissues. Stem cells have immense potential in regenerative cellular therapy. This clinical trial aimed to evaluate clinically and radiographically the effectiveness of the local application of Edelweiss stem cells as a nonsurgical treatment for stage III periodontitis.

Materials and methods: The trial included 40 periodontal pockets in participants who have stage III periodontitis with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm and clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥5 mm. Pockets were randomly divided into two groups Group 1: was given oral hygiene instruction, scaling, root planing, and subgingival application of plant stem cells on gel foam carrier after that a periodontal dressing was applied. The procedures were repeated after 2 weeks. Group 2: was treated only by scaling and root planing. Gingival index, CAL, and PPD were measured at baseline and 3 months' posttherapy. The radiographical evaluation was done by digital long-cone parallel periapical radiographs at baseline and 6 months posttherapy.

Results: Clinical parameters for both groups showed a statistically significant improvement. Regarding radiographic evaluation, there was a significant increase in bone density in favor of the study group.

Conclusions: Locally applied Edelweiss stem cells can be considered a promising nonsurgical treatment modality for periodontal regeneration.

Digital dentistry is disruptive to conventional methods for performing prosthetic rehabilitation. Fabrication of prosthesis for all-on-four implants involves multiple steps when done conventionally and is prone to error. The use of digital technologies such as intraoral scanners (IOS) and extraoral scanners can marginalize these errors and also reduce the chairside time. This clinical report outlined a method which used a conjunction of extraoral and IOS to collect data for implant position, soft tissue profile, and vertical and centric relations. These data were then combined and used to fabricate a hybrid denture for the patient. The hybrid denture was milled from graphene-reinforced poly methyl methacrylate puck which provided the advantages of monobloc prosthesis and the material advantages of graphene. The entire prosthetic rehabilitation was completed within three appointments.

Background: It has been speculated that a change in cervical spine posture occurs due to forward repositioning of the mandible. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the cervical spine posture in Class II division one patient treated with three different treatment modalities.

Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using pre and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of Class II Division one patients who have undergone orthodontic therapy using twin block appliance, Forsus, and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). This study included a total of 57 subjects comprising 19 subjects in each group. Seven cervical, three sagittal, and one vertical parameters were compared within and between each group. The data were tested using the Dependent t-test, One-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's post hoc test.

Results: A significant difference existed between the pre- and post-treatment angular measurements within the three groups showing a change in the cervical spine posture with forward positioning of the mandible. A comparison of mean changes in angular measurements between the three groups showed a significant difference in SNA, SNB, ANB, and odontoid process tangent-cervical vertebral tangent (OPT-CVT), indicating a change in the cervical posture.

Conclusion: OPT-CVT angle predicts a change in cervical spine posture after treatment with a significant difference in the Twin Block group (P = 0.029) compared to Forsus and BSSO groups. Thus, the twin block group results in a more upright craniocervical posture than the other two treatment groups.

Background: The early tooth loss has an adverse effect on the overall well-being of an individual. The aim of the current study was to highlight the orthodontic complications of long-term tooth loss in the city of Najran.

Materials and methods: This was a cohort study of patients presenting for orthodontic rehabilitation. A total of 326 patients that presented for orthodontic rehabilitation were examined clinically and data such as age, gender, number of missing teeth, missing teeth, duration of missing teeth, tipping, and overerupted and rotated teeth were recorded. Patients that can be treated with orthodontic space closure were excluded from the study. Patients' data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics and results were presented as simple frequencies and descriptive statistics.

Results: Out of 326 patients that presented for orthodontic rehabilitation, 259 patients had missing teeth with its sequelae that will demand prosthodontic rehabilitation with a prevalence rate of 79.4%. There are 97 (37.5%) males and 162 (62.5%) females with M:F ratio of 1:1.7. The age ranged from 15 to 52 years with mean ± standard deviation (28.5 ± 8.5). The age group 21-30 years constitutes the group with the highest number of missing teeth. A total number of 595 (60.2%) teeth were missing, 173 (17.5%) teeth were tipped, and 124 (12.5%) teeth were overerupted, whereas only 97 (9.8%) teeth were rotated (n = 989). Fixed orthodontic appliances (FOAs) were used for all cases with rotation and FOAs + Mini Screws were used for all cases with tipping, overeruption, and/or combinations. The dental loss was managed by prosthesis depending on patients' choice and financial capability ranging from removable/fixed prosthesis and dental implants.

Conclusion: Orthodontic consequences of early tooth loss include tipping and rotation of adjacent teeth and overeruption of opposing teeth. Early acknowledgment of tooth replacement after tooth loss is essential in preventing long-term orthodontic adverse effects.