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A thematic exploration of three countries’ government communication during the COVID-19 crisis and corresponding media coverage 专题探讨三国在新冠肺炎危机期间的政府沟通及媒体报道
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2022.2058748
L. Kenix, Jorge Freddy Bolanos Lopez
ABSTRACT This study adds to the current literature on crisis communication by exploring differences in COVID-19 governmental crisis communication and variances in the media coverage of that communication through thematic quantitative content analysis across three countries: New Zealand, The United States and The United Kingdom. Specifically, this research seeks to find the extent to which media ideology plays a role in reporting health crises. Results demonstrated that universally, press conferences were based on scientific advice and relied upon symbols that contributed to the clarity of health communication about COVID-19. Conversely, media coverage stressed economic challenges overall, but conservative newspapers focused more on health and the economy, whereas liberal newspapers leaned more towards politics. These findings demonstrate that even in major health crises, the ideologies of newspapers can play an important role in the framing of information.
本研究通过对新西兰、美国和英国这三个国家的专题定量内容分析,探讨了COVID-19政府危机传播的差异以及媒体对危机传播报道的差异,从而对现有的危机传播文献进行了补充。具体来说,这项研究试图找出媒体意识形态在报道健康危机中发挥作用的程度。结果表明,新闻发布会普遍以科学建议为基础,并依靠有助于明确有关COVID-19的卫生传播的符号。相反,媒体报道总体上强调经济挑战,但保守派报纸更关注健康和经济,而自由派报纸更倾向于政治。这些发现表明,即使在重大的健康危机中,报纸的意识形态也可以在信息框架中发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 2
Sound citizens: Australian women broadcasters claim their voice, 1923–1956 健全的公民:澳大利亚女广播员争取自己的声音,1923-1956
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2022.2029304
Donald Matheson
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引用次数: 0
‘Between a rock and a hard place’: Challenging encounters between disability service clients and workers “进退两难”:残疾服务客户和工作人员之间充满挑战的遭遇
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.2006114
Hanna Nykänen
ABSTRACT Professional relationships in the health and welfare sector involve many challenging client encounters. This study aims to describe what kind of client interaction social service workers in disability services find challenging and how they rationalise and manage these challenges. The study investigates disability service workers’ perceptions of challenging client interactions using data from 22 interviews with disability service workers in two hospital districts. Interviewees highlighted lack of mutual trust and lack of shared understanding as two issues arising in challenging communicative behaviours that disability service workers find burdensome and miserable. The interviewees’ accounts referred to four aspects of these challenges: 1) individual, 2) third-party, 3) structural and 4) experiential. In addition, six different management strategies were identified: 1) adjusting interaction, 2) listening, 3) negotiating, 4) problem solving, 5) withdrawing and 6) encounter interruption.
卫生和福利部门的专业关系涉及许多具有挑战性的客户遭遇。本研究旨在描述残疾服务社会服务工作者发现挑战的客户互动类型以及他们如何合理化和管理这些挑战。该研究调查了残疾服务工作者对具有挑战性的客户互动的看法,使用了来自两个医院区的22位残疾服务工作者的访谈数据。受访者强调,缺乏相互信任和缺乏共同理解是在具有挑战性的沟通行为中出现的两个问题,残疾服务工作者认为这是一种负担和痛苦。受访者提到了这些挑战的四个方面:1)个人,2)第三方,3)结构和4)经验。此外,还确定了六种不同的管理策略:1)调整互动,2)倾听,3)谈判,4)解决问题,5)退出和6)遇到干扰。
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引用次数: 0
Seeing chronic inequities: A health communication call to action 正视长期不公平现象:卫生传播行动呼吁
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.2004705
M. Simpson, Kirstie McAllum, Stephanie Fox
Seeing Chronic Inequities – A Health Communication Call to Action Communication is central to perceptions of and meanings given to health and wellbeing, delivery of health care and health promotion (Kreps & Bonaguro, 2009). It is also key to how individuals and communities experience and enact agency, personhood, legitimacy, culture, and, importantly, access to care. When these are hindered, the result can be inequitable access, cultural bias and racism in service provision within “mainstream” health systems, as research in health communication, Indigenous, and migrant studies has shown (e.g., Dutta, 2008; Hatala et al., 2015; Len-Ríos, 2009). Indeed, health systems infused with an ideology of individual responsibility marginalise alternative worldviews and contribute to chronic health inequities because these systems can neglect the cultural dimensions of wellbeing, service provision and health messaging (Ganesh & McAllum, 2010). The COVID-19 pandemic has brought us to a critical crossroad: Unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems globally continues to lay bare pre-existing but underacknowledged fractures in healthcare policy, provision and end-user experience. Now more than ever, there is an increased need for accessible, culture-centred and culturally responsive practices (e.g., Oetzel et al. 2020; Ramsden, 2002; Zarcadoolas et al., 2006). Yet, the pandemic also offers a unique opportunity to rethink conceptualisations and practices related to health (Simpson et al., 2020): We urge scholars in digital, health, Indigenous, intercultural, interpersonal, organizational, and political fields of communication to continue to probe, question, critique, rethink and redesign health care practices and systems. The articles in this special issue explore inequities, stigma, and culturally (un)safe health care both before (Nykänen; Price & Hill; Robb) and during the pandemic (Jayan & Dutta; Nguyen et al.). In the articles’ respective examination of health-related messages, discourses, narratives and worldviews, two main themes are evident: (a) stigma-based marginalisation and (b) cultural safety, care and community.
看到长期的不平等——健康传播的行动呼吁传播是对健康和福祉、卫生保健的提供和健康促进的认知和意义的核心(Kreps & Bonaguro, 2009)。它也是个人和社区如何体验和制定机构、人格、合法性、文化以及更重要的是获得护理的关键。当这些受到阻碍时,结果可能是在“主流”卫生系统内提供服务的不公平获取、文化偏见和种族主义,正如卫生传播、土著和移民研究所表明的那样(例如,Dutta, 2008年;Hatala et al., 2015;Len-Rios, 2009)。事实上,充满个人责任意识形态的卫生系统边缘化了其他世界观,并导致了长期的卫生不平等,因为这些系统可能忽视了福利、服务提供和卫生信息的文化层面(Ganesh & McAllum, 2010)。2019冠状病毒病大流行将我们带到了一个关键的十字路口:全球医疗保健系统面临前所未有的压力,继续暴露出医疗保健政策、提供和最终用户体验方面存在但未得到充分承认的裂缝。现在比以往任何时候都更需要可访问的、以文化为中心的和对文化有反应的做法(例如,Oetzel等人,2020;拉姆斯登,2002;Zarcadoolas et al., 2006)。然而,大流行也为重新思考与健康相关的概念和实践提供了一个独特的机会(Simpson等人,2020):我们敦促数字、健康、土著、跨文化、人际、组织和政治传播领域的学者继续探索、质疑、批评、重新思考和重新设计卫生保健实践和系统。本期特刊的文章探讨了不平等、耻辱和文化(不)安全的医疗保健(Nykänen;Price & Hill;Robb)和大流行期间(Jayan & Dutta;Nguyen等人)。在文章各自对与健康有关的信息、话语、叙述和世界观的审查中,有两个主要主题是显而易见的:(a)基于耻辱的边缘化和(b)文化安全、护理和社区。
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引用次数: 0
Marginalised health communities: Understanding communities of ‘people without papers’ as silent networks of survival 边缘化的卫生社区:将“没有证件的人”社区理解为沉默的生存网络
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.1978627
J. Robb
ABSTRACT An estimated 11.3 million undocumented immigrants reside in the United States, with a majority of this population having limited access to the U.S. healthcare system. This article draws upon in-depth interviews with 25 undocumented immigrants currently living in South Florida to examine how they survive and maintain their health given they are disenfranchised from the U.S. healthcare system. Using a culture-centred approach, I invited ‘people without papers’ to share stories about how their marginalised social status and cultural backgrounds influence the everyday ways they navigate the healthcare system and make health decisions. Participants’ stories focused on four main themes: finding accessible healthcare spaces through the ‘silent network’ (local undocumented immigrants); making healthcare comfortable through cultural solidarity; and supporting emotional/mental health through the ‘silent network’.
据估计,有1130万无证移民居住在美国,其中大多数人获得美国医疗保健系统的机会有限。本文对目前居住在南佛罗里达州的25名无证移民进行了深入采访,以研究他们如何在被剥夺美国医疗保健系统权利的情况下生存和保持健康。使用以文化为中心的方法,我邀请了“没有证件的人”分享他们的故事,讲述他们被边缘化的社会地位和文化背景如何影响他们在卫生保健系统中导航和做出卫生决定的日常方式。参与者的故事集中在四个主题上:通过“沉默网络”(当地无证移民)寻找可获得的医疗保健空间;通过文化团结使医疗保健更加舒适;并通过“沉默网络”支持情感/心理健康。
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引用次数: 0
Nobody cares about us: COVID-19 and voices of refugees from Aotearoa New Zealand 没有人关心我们:COVID-19和新西兰奥特罗阿难民的声音
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.1994686
P. Jayan, M. Dutta
ABSTRACT Aotearoa New Zealand’s pandemic communication approach amidst the COVID-19 (C19) has been applauded around the world. The New Zealand government’s border controls and other measures in response to C19 impacted refugees at the margins and prevented people from accessing support services and healthcare. The sanctioned power to ‘care’ thus became a performative form of power for silencing through the dismissing of voices of refugees as being irrelevant. Experiences of refugees at the margins are constructed amid the erasure of community voices in dominant approaches to health. What was missing from the dominant discourses was the voice of the refugees, who had gone through painful experiences of displacement and resettlement. How did the refugee communities at the margins of Aotearoa New Zealand navigate through the prevailing structural impediments to health during the pandemic? In this study, we use a culture- centred analysis to centre the structural context of disenfranchisement during the COVID-19 lockdown. Drawing on in-depth interviews with refugee participants, we attend to how health is negotiated in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown response at the margins. Infectious diseases such asC19 lay bare the structural determinants that create health and well-being challenges among refugee communities in New Zealand. The narratives point out that the one-size-fits-all approach of the government left behind refugees at the margins during the C19 in the public health efforts.
新西兰在2019冠状病毒病(C19)疫情期间采取的大流行传播方式受到了全世界的赞扬。新西兰政府为应对C19而采取的边境管制和其他措施对边缘难民造成了影响,并使人们无法获得支持服务和医疗保健。因此,被认可的“关心”权力成为一种权力的表现形式,通过将难民的声音视为无关紧要而予以驳回,从而使其沉默。处于边缘地位的难民的经历是在主流保健方法中消除社区声音的背景下形成的。主流话语中缺少的是难民的声音,他们经历了流离失所和重新安置的痛苦经历。在大流行期间,新西兰奥特罗阿边缘的难民社区是如何克服普遍存在的结构性健康障碍的?在本研究中,我们使用以文化为中心的分析来确定COVID-19封锁期间剥夺公民权的结构背景。通过对难民参与者的深入采访,我们关注了在2019冠状病毒病爆发期间如何就卫生问题进行谈判,以及在边缘地区如何应对封锁。covid - 19等传染病暴露了在新西兰难民社区中造成健康和福祉挑战的结构性决定因素。这些叙述指出,在19国集团会议期间,政府采取的一刀切的做法使难民在公共卫生工作中处于边缘地位。
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引用次数: 3
The silence of Alzheimer’s disease: Stigma, epistemic injustice, and the inequity of those with progressive cognitive impairment 阿尔茨海默病的沉默:耻辱,认知上的不公正,以及进行性认知障碍患者的不平等
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.2006113
Katey A. Price, M. Hill
ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease is shrouded in stigma even though roughly 47 million people around the world have been diagnosed with the disease. This stigma is perpetuated through media, cultural misunderstandings, and age-related stereotypes, and is so powerful that it results in the silencing and social death of many of these individuals. This paper theoretically extends the model of self-stigma, using high-profile examples to illustrate individuals’ response paths, and emphasises the need for social interventions to improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer’s disease; a moral imperative as diagnoses are expected to reach 130 million over the next 30 years.
尽管全球约有4700万人被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病,但阿尔茨海默病仍被污名所笼罩。这种耻辱通过媒体、文化误解和与年龄有关的刻板印象得以延续,它是如此强大,以至于导致许多这些人沉默和社会死亡。本文从理论上扩展了自我耻辱感模型,使用高调的例子来说明个体的反应路径,并强调需要社会干预来改善阿尔茨海默病患者的生活质量;这是道德上的当务之急,因为预计在未来30年确诊人数将达到1.3亿。
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引用次数: 2
Who’s to blame for the spread of COVID-19 in New Zealand? Applying attribution theory to understand public stigma 谁应该为COVID-19在新西兰的传播负责?运用归因理论理解公众耻辱感
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.1958635
T. Nguyen, S. Croucher, A. Diers-Lawson, Elena Maydell
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has brought increased discrimination, stigma, and racism toward individuals of Asian descent. Little research has concentrated on public perceptions regarding who is to blame for the spread of the virus. This study extends integrated threat and attribution theories by examining the extent to which prejudice against Asians is related to blame attribution in New Zealand. The paper employs a mixed-method approach (n = 330). The findings suggest that to understand public stigma in ambiguous crises/events, it is significant to look beyond theoretic frameworks. Particularly, this research provides better understanding of how blame attribution has developed and linked with threats in the pandemic. First, fear of contact with COVID-19 is positively related to symbolic and realistic threats. Second, the more people believe COVID-19 is a public health risk, the more symbolic and realistic threats they have. Third, realistic threat is linked to blame attribution.
2019冠状病毒病大流行增加了对亚裔的歧视、污名和种族主义。很少有研究集中在公众对谁应该为病毒的传播负责的看法上。这项研究扩展了综合威胁和归因理论,研究了新西兰对亚洲人的偏见在多大程度上与指责归因有关。本文采用混合方法(n = 330)。研究结果表明,要理解模棱两可的危机/事件中的公众污名,重要的是要超越理论框架。特别是,这项研究更好地了解了责任归因是如何发展起来的,以及如何与大流行中的威胁联系起来的。首先,对接触COVID-19的恐惧与象征性和现实威胁呈正相关。其次,人们越认为COVID-19是一种公共卫生风险,他们面临的象征性和现实性威胁就越大。第三,现实威胁与归因有关。
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引用次数: 10
The role of fashion influencers’ attractiveness: A gender-specific perspective 时尚影响者吸引力的作用:性别视角
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.2013087
Walter von Mettenheim, Klaus-Peter Wiedmann
ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate how the attractiveness and gender of an influencer impact receivers’ reaction depends on the users’ own attractiveness and gender. In social media, these variables may play different roles for individuals in varying contexts. To analyse these issues, a survey including 374 observations was conducted and analysed through structural equation modelling in SmartPLS. The results of our quantitative investigation were partially counter-intuitive. In most cases, a highly attractive influencer is more advantageous than an influencer of low attractiveness. More surprisingly, for male fashion, a female influencer appears to be more advantageous. Explanations are provided; based on the findings and implications for practitioners and influencers are proposed.
在本研究中,我们研究了网红的吸引力和性别如何影响接受者的反应,这取决于用户自身的吸引力和性别。在社交媒体中,这些变量可能在不同的情境中对个体起着不同的作用。为了分析这些问题,在SmartPLS中进行了一项包括374项观察结果的调查,并通过结构方程建模进行了分析。我们定量调查的结果部分是违反直觉的。在大多数情况下,高吸引力的影响者比低吸引力的影响者更有利。更令人惊讶的是,对于男性时尚来说,女性网红似乎更有优势。提供了解释;在此基础上提出了对实践者和影响者的启示。
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引用次数: 4
Gender and word elongation in Facebook-mediated communication in Palestinian Arabic 巴勒斯坦阿拉伯语facebook媒介交流中的性别与词语延伸
IF 1.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/22041451.2021.1958467
Tharwat Arafat, B. Hamamra
ABSTRACT This article examines the social and linguistic functions of word elongation in Palestinian Facebook-mediated communication. Drawing on Ochs’ social constructivism and Parrott’s classification of emotions, we analyse a 65-discourse corpus of personal interviews using a mixed methods approach. It finds, while there are many similarities in the conventions related to word elongation between male sand females, 75% of the female sample use this practice while 45% of the males said they hardly used it. Word elongation is clearly a feature that characterises female language although its use is not restricted to females. Forty percent of males would use it to indicate that they are angry whereas 45% of females would use abbreviations instead. While 60% of females use word elongation to express positive feelings, 40% of males would use it to communicate positive emotions. The researchers conclude that elongated words reflect a social change in Palestinian society with respect to gender and language.
摘要:本文探讨了巴勒斯坦人在facebook媒介传播中词汇延伸的社会和语言功能。借鉴Ochs的社会建构主义理论和Parrott的情绪分类理论,采用混合方法对65篇个人访谈语料库进行分析。研究发现,尽管男性和女性在单词伸长的习惯上有很多相似之处,但75%的女性样本使用这种做法,而45%的男性样本表示他们很少使用这种做法。词语延伸显然是女性语言的一个特征,尽管它的使用并不局限于女性。40%的男性会用它来表示愤怒,而45%的女性会用缩写来代替。60%的女性会用伸长率来表达积极的感觉,而40%的男性会用它来交流积极的情绪。研究人员得出结论,拉长的单词反映了巴勒斯坦社会在性别和语言方面的社会变化。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Communication Research and Practice
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