Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-53
Sroka Mariusz
Abstract. The article presents key parameters for users of vintage audio electroacoustic equipment, which determine their quality. The research part presents the results relating to: knowledge of the concept of vintage audio, technical knowledge about electroacoustic equipment and the respondents' opinions on the quality of contemporary audio systems. The key features of your vintage audio equipment, important from the user's point of view, have also been distinguished. A diagnosis was made of whether the respondents attach importance to the price of the equipment and whether they would be willing to pay more for the quality of sound and workmanship. The article ends with a discussion of the research results and a summary.
{"title":"Multi-Criterial Quality of Vintage Audio Equipment in User's Assessment","authors":"Sroka Mariusz","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-53","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article presents key parameters for users of vintage audio electroacoustic equipment, which determine their quality. The research part presents the results relating to: knowledge of the concept of vintage audio, technical knowledge about electroacoustic equipment and the respondents' opinions on the quality of contemporary audio systems. The key features of your vintage audio equipment, important from the user's point of view, have also been distinguished. A diagnosis was made of whether the respondents attach importance to the price of the equipment and whether they would be willing to pay more for the quality of sound and workmanship. The article ends with a discussion of the research results and a summary.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126195890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-14
AL-MUTAIRI Nabeel Hasan, AL-ZUBIEDY Ali, AL-ZUHAIRI Ali, Idzikowski Adam
Abstract. In this research, four novel types of hyperbranched polyester polymers (HBPs) were used and blended with polypropylene polymer PP, virgin VPP and recycled rPP, using a twin-screw extrusion machine. Hyperbranched polyester was added in different weight ratios (5%, 10%, and 20%). The Fourier transform spectroscopy FTIR, the water contact angle CA, the biodegradation in soil, and the rheological properties (melt flow rate MFR) of the prepared blends were investigated. The results showed that the contact angle of VPP and rPP blends has improved with the addition of HBPs, and in addition, the biodegradation results in soil showed that weight loss increased as the amount of HBPs increased in VPP and rPP blends. The rheological properties, melt flow rate MFR, showed that the addition of HBPs increased the MFR for both PP blends, VPP and rPP. In addition, it was found that the blends' viscosity was decreased and their shear rate was increased. This is an indication that the HBPs work as a processing aid additive by increasing the shear thinning behavior.
{"title":"The Biodegradation and the Rheological Properties of Polypropylene/Hyperbranched Polyester Blends for Industrial Applications","authors":"AL-MUTAIRI Nabeel Hasan, AL-ZUBIEDY Ali, AL-ZUHAIRI Ali, Idzikowski Adam","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In this research, four novel types of hyperbranched polyester polymers (HBPs) were used and blended with polypropylene polymer PP, virgin VPP and recycled rPP, using a twin-screw extrusion machine. Hyperbranched polyester was added in different weight ratios (5%, 10%, and 20%). The Fourier transform spectroscopy FTIR, the water contact angle CA, the biodegradation in soil, and the rheological properties (melt flow rate MFR) of the prepared blends were investigated. The results showed that the contact angle of VPP and rPP blends has improved with the addition of HBPs, and in addition, the biodegradation results in soil showed that weight loss increased as the amount of HBPs increased in VPP and rPP blends. The rheological properties, melt flow rate MFR, showed that the addition of HBPs increased the MFR for both PP blends, VPP and rPP. In addition, it was found that the blends' viscosity was decreased and their shear rate was increased. This is an indication that the HBPs work as a processing aid additive by increasing the shear thinning behavior.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127407063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-45
Niemir Maciej
Abstract. Product master data are an essential and key component of purchasing processes, ensuring the smooth running of business operations within companies. Unfortunately, due to the lack of a single, complete, worldwide information system storing reference data, managing the data, maintaining its quality, reliability, and timeliness, requires building quality assurance teams for such processes in most companies. There are numerous errors in product data, and identification and correction of them are time-consuming, especially for large data sets that contain many millions of products. These errors are due to the so-called human factor but are also the result of technical errors and limitations of IT systems. Therefore, in the paper, we proposed a number of solutions by category and group that can automate, simplify, and shorten the master data management process. There are also presented examples of data validation using a variety of techniques, rule-based, dictionary-based, and machine learning, that enable mass verification of both images, textual parameters, digital parameters, and classifiers, while indicating the probability of errors in specific attributes as well as in their combination, and in some cases correcting or proposing correct records. The performed tests illustrate the magnitude of problems and potential on a sample dataset.
{"title":"Data Science Challenges of Automated Quality Verification Process in Product Data Catalogues","authors":"Niemir Maciej","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Product master data are an essential and key component of purchasing processes, ensuring the smooth running of business operations within companies. Unfortunately, due to the lack of a single, complete, worldwide information system storing reference data, managing the data, maintaining its quality, reliability, and timeliness, requires building quality assurance teams for such processes in most companies. There are numerous errors in product data, and identification and correction of them are time-consuming, especially for large data sets that contain many millions of products. These errors are due to the so-called human factor but are also the result of technical errors and limitations of IT systems. Therefore, in the paper, we proposed a number of solutions by category and group that can automate, simplify, and shorten the master data management process. There are also presented examples of data validation using a variety of techniques, rule-based, dictionary-based, and machine learning, that enable mass verification of both images, textual parameters, digital parameters, and classifiers, while indicating the probability of errors in specific attributes as well as in their combination, and in some cases correcting or proposing correct records. The performed tests illustrate the magnitude of problems and potential on a sample dataset.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"17 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122374082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-8
Drímalová Petra, Nový František, Medvecká Denisa, Váňová Petra
Abstract. A lot of emphasis is currently being paid to research into how hydrogen affects the mechanical properties of advanced high-strength (AHS) steels. The use of AHS steels in the chemical industry and nuclear technology is heavily influenced by the mechanical properties that result from the impact of hydrogen. Hydrogen, an interstitial element, alters fracture behavior and causes the material to fail earlier than it should. The greatest danger occurs after hydrogen has been absorbed when it diffuses and accumulates into defects such grain boundaries, dislocations, and phase boundaries. The crystal structure of the steel enlarges due to tensile stresses, which increases hydrogen diffusion. Cold forming creates a multitude of components, and even a small amount of hydrogen absorption could result in significant residual stresses in the material. The steel can experience a significant reduction in mechanical properties, strength, and ductility up to fracture at a critical hydrogen concentration level. It is impossible to preventively remove components that have been harmed by hydrogen before they are utilized, which is the primary issue with hydrogen embrittlement from a safety perspective.
{"title":"The Influence of Hydrogen Embrittlement on Mechanical Properties of Advanced High-Strength Structural Steel S960MC","authors":"Drímalová Petra, Nový František, Medvecká Denisa, Váňová Petra","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A lot of emphasis is currently being paid to research into how hydrogen affects the mechanical properties of advanced high-strength (AHS) steels. The use of AHS steels in the chemical industry and nuclear technology is heavily influenced by the mechanical properties that result from the impact of hydrogen. Hydrogen, an interstitial element, alters fracture behavior and causes the material to fail earlier than it should. The greatest danger occurs after hydrogen has been absorbed when it diffuses and accumulates into defects such grain boundaries, dislocations, and phase boundaries. The crystal structure of the steel enlarges due to tensile stresses, which increases hydrogen diffusion. Cold forming creates a multitude of components, and even a small amount of hydrogen absorption could result in significant residual stresses in the material. The steel can experience a significant reduction in mechanical properties, strength, and ductility up to fracture at a critical hydrogen concentration level. It is impossible to preventively remove components that have been harmed by hydrogen before they are utilized, which is the primary issue with hydrogen embrittlement from a safety perspective.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128212124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-36
M. Osyra
Abstract. The operation of the upper-tier establishments, which are prone to a major accident hazard, poses a real threat to the public in terms of health and potential environmental pollution. Therefore, the norms of EU directives seek to introduce as much transparency as possible to the operation of upper-tier establishments. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of the rules concerning the issue of information provision by the establishment to both the public and the relevant state and EU authorities. The following part of the article will provide a brief analysis of how the posting of public information on the websites of the upper-tier establishments looks like in practice.
{"title":"Public Safety and Information Obligations for Upper-Tier Establishments","authors":"M. Osyra","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-36","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The operation of the upper-tier establishments, which are prone to a major accident hazard, poses a real threat to the public in terms of health and potential environmental pollution. Therefore, the norms of EU directives seek to introduce as much transparency as possible to the operation of upper-tier establishments. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of the rules concerning the issue of information provision by the establishment to both the public and the relevant state and EU authorities. The following part of the article will provide a brief analysis of how the posting of public information on the websites of the upper-tier establishments looks like in practice.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131887007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-38
M. Imran
Abstract. In Malaysia, industrialization and population growth have both contributed to an increase in workplace occupational injuries. The most recent statistics on reported accidents show that out of 10,000 employees, 99 have been directly involved in work-related accidents. Accidents do not occur by chance, thus there are multiple factors which are contributing to workplace accidents. It is important to spread safety awareness to employees inside the organization. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the relationship between safety leadership, supervisor safety roles and safety behavior in logistics companies of Malaysia. The study respondents included 160 employees from logistics companies of Malaysia. A partial least square equation modeling “Higher Order Two-Stage Approach” analysis was performed to assess the measurement and structural model involving variables of safety leadership, supervisor safety roles and safety behavior to draw the results. The results of the study revealed that safety leadership roles imposed by the managers have a significant effect on safety behavior, mediated by supervisors’ safety roles. Therefore, the findings of the study suggest that safety leadership and supervisor safety roles be implemented in logistics companies. These make employees more inclined to take part in safety initiatives which can make the workplace safer.
{"title":"The Investigation of Safety Behavior in Logistic Companies of Malaysia","authors":"M. Imran","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-38","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In Malaysia, industrialization and population growth have both contributed to an increase in workplace occupational injuries. The most recent statistics on reported accidents show that out of 10,000 employees, 99 have been directly involved in work-related accidents. Accidents do not occur by chance, thus there are multiple factors which are contributing to workplace accidents. It is important to spread safety awareness to employees inside the organization. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the relationship between safety leadership, supervisor safety roles and safety behavior in logistics companies of Malaysia. The study respondents included 160 employees from logistics companies of Malaysia. A partial least square equation modeling “Higher Order Two-Stage Approach” analysis was performed to assess the measurement and structural model involving variables of safety leadership, supervisor safety roles and safety behavior to draw the results. The results of the study revealed that safety leadership roles imposed by the managers have a significant effect on safety behavior, mediated by supervisors’ safety roles. Therefore, the findings of the study suggest that safety leadership and supervisor safety roles be implemented in logistics companies. These make employees more inclined to take part in safety initiatives which can make the workplace safer.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132091717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-26
Pacana Andrzej, Dwornicka Renata
Abstract. The use of multifaceted quality analyses contributes to increasing the efficiency of production processes and quality control as part of maintaining competitiveness. The aim of this research was to develop an integrally configured method for the analysis of quality problems in automotive aluminium castings based on the methodological triangulation of NDT tests and quality management tools. The verification of the model was performed in one of the foundry companies against an engine block casting used in the automotive industry. The detection results obtained (VT and X-ray examination) allowed for the identification of a critical nonconformity - the presence of gas porosity, the description of the problem (5W2H method) and the identification of the root cause of the problem (5WHY method), which was the lack of up-to-date work instructions and a low level of employee competence. Corrective actions were proposed. The measures taken in the implementation of the quality problem analysis method were a new solution for the company – until now, in-depth analyses using a sequence of diagnostic methods and quality management technique tools had not been performed.
{"title":"Method for Analysing Quality Problems of Automotive Castings","authors":"Pacana Andrzej, Dwornicka Renata","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The use of multifaceted quality analyses contributes to increasing the efficiency of production processes and quality control as part of maintaining competitiveness. The aim of this research was to develop an integrally configured method for the analysis of quality problems in automotive aluminium castings based on the methodological triangulation of NDT tests and quality management tools. The verification of the model was performed in one of the foundry companies against an engine block casting used in the automotive industry. The detection results obtained (VT and X-ray examination) allowed for the identification of a critical nonconformity - the presence of gas porosity, the description of the problem (5W2H method) and the identification of the root cause of the problem (5WHY method), which was the lack of up-to-date work instructions and a low level of employee competence. Corrective actions were proposed. The measures taken in the implementation of the quality problem analysis method were a new solution for the company – until now, in-depth analyses using a sequence of diagnostic methods and quality management technique tools had not been performed.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132340278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Phase composition and mechanical properties and the formation of oxide layers on Fe40-xNiCoCrAlx (x = 5 and 10 at.%) alloys in long-term oxidation at 900 and 1000°C were studied. In the initial cast state, depending on the aluminum content and valence electron concentration, the alloys contain only an fcc solid solution (VEC = 8 e/a) or a mixture of fcc and bcc phases (VEC = 7.75 e/a). Thin continuous oxide scales containing Cr2O3 and NiCr2O spinel formed on the surface of both alloys oxidized at 900°C for 50 h. A further increase in the annealing time to 100 h leads to the formation of aluminum oxide Al2O3 in the scale on the Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy, having high protective properties. An increase in the oxidation temperature to 1000°C results in partial failure of the protective layer on the alloy with 10 at.% Al. Long-term holding at 900°C (100 h) + 1000°C (50 h) does not change the phase composition of the Fe35Ni25Co15Cr20Al5 alloy matrix, being indicative of its high thermal stability. In the two-phase Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy, the quantitative ratio of solid solutions sharply changes: the amount of the bcc phase increases from 4 to 54 wt.% and its B2-type ordering is observed. The mechanical characteristics of the starting alloys and those after long-term high-temperature annealing were determined by automated indentation. The hardness (HIT) and elastic modulus (E) of the cast Fe35Ni25Co15Cr20Al5 alloy are equal to 2 and 147 GPa, respectively, and decrease to 1.8 and 106 GPa after a series of long-term annealing operations. The Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy shows the opposite dependence: HIT increases from 2.5 in the initial state to 3.1 GPa after annealing and E decreases from 152 to 134 GPa. This indicates that the Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy is promising as a high-temperature oxidation-resistant and creep-resistant material. Introduction
{"title":"High-Temperature Oxidation of High-Entropy FeNiCoCrAl Alloys","authors":"Gumen Olena, Karpets Myroslav, Smakovska Ganna, Yakubiv Mykola","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Phase composition and mechanical properties and the formation of oxide layers on Fe40-xNiCoCrAlx (x = 5 and 10 at.%) alloys in long-term oxidation at 900 and 1000°C were studied. In the initial cast state, depending on the aluminum content and valence electron concentration, the alloys contain only an fcc solid solution (VEC = 8 e/a) or a mixture of fcc and bcc phases (VEC = 7.75 e/a). Thin continuous oxide scales containing Cr2O3 and NiCr2O spinel formed on the surface of both alloys oxidized at 900°C for 50 h. A further increase in the annealing time to 100 h leads to the formation of aluminum oxide Al2O3 in the scale on the Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy, having high protective properties. An increase in the oxidation temperature to 1000°C results in partial failure of the protective layer on the alloy with 10 at.% Al. Long-term holding at 900°C (100 h) + 1000°C (50 h) does not change the phase composition of the Fe35Ni25Co15Cr20Al5 alloy matrix, being indicative of its high thermal stability. In the two-phase Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy, the quantitative ratio of solid solutions sharply changes: the amount of the bcc phase increases from 4 to 54 wt.% and its B2-type ordering is observed. The mechanical characteristics of the starting alloys and those after long-term high-temperature annealing were determined by automated indentation. The hardness (HIT) and elastic modulus (E) of the cast Fe35Ni25Co15Cr20Al5 alloy are equal to 2 and 147 GPa, respectively, and decrease to 1.8 and 106 GPa after a series of long-term annealing operations. The Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy shows the opposite dependence: HIT increases from 2.5 in the initial state to 3.1 GPa after annealing and E decreases from 152 to 134 GPa. This indicates that the Fe30Ni25Co15Cr20Al10 alloy is promising as a high-temperature oxidation-resistant and creep-resistant material. Introduction","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121425150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-16
K. Dysz
Abstract. Ammonium nitrate(V) (AN, NH4NO3) is widely and widely used in the chemical industry, in agriculture as a fertilizer, explosive for military and civil purposes (e.g. in mining) or as a solid propellant [1, 2]. Storage of ammonium nitrate poses many problems, as it may be hazardous. This was proven, for example, by the explosion in 2020 in Beirut. Ammonium nitrate was stored in a warehouse at the port among other wares and an unfortunate turn of events caused a huge explosion. The explosion contributed to the formation of a 140-meter crater and an earthquake with a magnitude of 3.3 on the Richter scale. This explosion was classified as the third most destructive urban explosion of all time, after the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II [3, 4], as the mixtures of oils (fuel or gas) and a concentrated form of nitrogen fertilizer ammonium nitrate form explosives [5]. The dangerous properties of AN have been extensively studied. It is known that pure AN is stable at room temperature but may explode when mixed with impurities in a confined space or under fire-hazard conditions [1]. The research aimed to analyze the changes occurring in two-component mixtures with ammonium nitrate and powdered or fine-grained materials and to assess the effect of such an admixture on the fertilizer. Thermal analysis was used to carry out the TG-DSC tests.
{"title":"Thermal Stability of Ammonium Nitrate in Two-Component Mixtures with Powdered and Fine-Grained Materials","authors":"K. Dysz","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Ammonium nitrate(V) (AN, NH4NO3) is widely and widely used in the chemical industry, in agriculture as a fertilizer, explosive for military and civil purposes (e.g. in mining) or as a solid propellant [1, 2]. Storage of ammonium nitrate poses many problems, as it may be hazardous. This was proven, for example, by the explosion in 2020 in Beirut. Ammonium nitrate was stored in a warehouse at the port among other wares and an unfortunate turn of events caused a huge explosion. The explosion contributed to the formation of a 140-meter crater and an earthquake with a magnitude of 3.3 on the Richter scale. This explosion was classified as the third most destructive urban explosion of all time, after the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II [3, 4], as the mixtures of oils (fuel or gas) and a concentrated form of nitrogen fertilizer ammonium nitrate form explosives [5]. The dangerous properties of AN have been extensively studied. It is known that pure AN is stable at room temperature but may explode when mixed with impurities in a confined space or under fire-hazard conditions [1]. The research aimed to analyze the changes occurring in two-component mixtures with ammonium nitrate and powdered or fine-grained materials and to assess the effect of such an admixture on the fertilizer. Thermal analysis was used to carry out the TG-DSC tests.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124458977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902691-54
Korombel Anna, Ławińska Olga
Abstract. The aim of the paper is to assess the effect of businesses' activities involving the use of technological communication tools on Gen Zers' purchasing decisions. The study of Gen Zers' behaviours as a response to businesses' social media activities is part of broader research conducted by the authors among students in Poland and Great Britain in 2020 and 2021. The study used the method of a survey, and, as part of it, the CAWI technique. Descriptive statistics measures were used to analyse the research material. The findings demonstrate that businesses’ activities involving the use of technological communication tools have a positive impact on Gen Zers' purchasing decisions. The study also examined the relationship between the analysed activities undertaken by businesses and the respondent's gender.
{"title":"Technological Tools in Businesses' Communication with Generation Z","authors":"Korombel Anna, Ławińska Olga","doi":"10.21741/9781644902691-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-54","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The aim of the paper is to assess the effect of businesses' activities involving the use of technological communication tools on Gen Zers' purchasing decisions. The study of Gen Zers' behaviours as a response to businesses' social media activities is part of broader research conducted by the authors among students in Poland and Great Britain in 2020 and 2021. The study used the method of a survey, and, as part of it, the CAWI technique. Descriptive statistics measures were used to analyse the research material. The findings demonstrate that businesses’ activities involving the use of technological communication tools have a positive impact on Gen Zers' purchasing decisions. The study also examined the relationship between the analysed activities undertaken by businesses and the respondent's gender.","PeriodicalId":106609,"journal":{"name":"Quality Production Improvement and System Safety","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126552211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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