Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.017
Zhang Xueqing, Zhang Kexin, Zhu Yunjiao, Wei Hongyuan, Wang Tianli, Lian Xiaoyan, Zhang Jianghui, Z. Zhihua
Objective To compare the reliability of Internet Addiction Impairment Index (IAII), Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R)-Taiwan Revision, CIAS-R-Mainland Revision, Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) and the consistency of Internet addiction using the four scales in college students. Methods A total of 1 004 undergraduates from 3 universities in Hefei were selected to measure the tendency of internet addiction simultaneously using the four scales, and 122 students were retested two weeks after the initial assessment. Correlation coefficient, coincidence rate and Kappa value were used to analyze the consistency of the four scales. Analysis of variance, t test and Logistic regression were used to determine the consistency of the factors related to internet addiction scale. Results The reliability of the four Internet addiction scales were greater than 0.7 ( P<0.01). The correlation coefficient among all scales was greater than 0.5 ( P<0.01). The agreement between YDQ and CIAS-R-Mainland Revision was 0.87. The Kappa value of YDQ and CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision in the consistency analysis was 0.51 ( P<0.01), the Kappa value between the other scales was less than 0.5. Results showed that the four scales were consistent in Internet addiction prevalence by gender, grade and major, while CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision and YDQ were not consistent with the other two scales in sleep disorder. Conclusion The four Internet addiction scales all have good reliability, while low agreement in Internet addiction assessment, suggesting further improvement and revision in Internet addiction scales. 【摘要】 目的 比较网络成瘾损害量表(IAII)、中文网络成瘾量表(CIAS-R)-中国台湾修订版、CIAS-R-中国大陆修订版、自评 Young 网络成瘾诊断问卷(YDQ)的信度及在大学生网络成瘾测量中的一致性, 为今后网络成瘾调查量表的选择和修订提供参考依据。 方法 分层整群选取合肥市 3 所高校的 1 004 名本科生, 采用 4 个量表同时进行网络成瘾倾向的测量, 对 122 名大学生在首次测评 2 周后进行重测。采用相关系数、符合率、即 Kappa 值分析 4 个量表的一致性, 采用 t 检验、方差分析和 Logistic 回归进行网络成瘾量表相关因素分析的一致性判断。 结果 4个网络成瘾量表的信度均>0.7( P<0.01)。各量表间的相关系数均大于 0.5( P<0.01)。YDQ 与 CIAS-R-中国大陆修订版符合率为 0.87,一致性分析结果中 YDQ与 CIAS-R-中国台湾修订版的 Kappa 值为 0.51( P<0.01), 其他量表两两之间的 Kappa值均< 0.5。网络成瘾的相关因素分析显示, 4种量表在性别、年级、专业性质因素上的差异具有一致性, CIAS-R-中国台湾修订版与 YDQ 在睡眠障碍因素上的统计学差异与其他量表不一致。 结论 4 种网络成瘾量表均具有较好的信度, 但是各量表在网络成瘾判定上的一致性相对较低。建议对网络成瘾量表做进一步的完善和修订。
{"title":"Evaluation of four Internet addiction scales in college students","authors":"Zhang Xueqing, Zhang Kexin, Zhu Yunjiao, Wei Hongyuan, Wang Tianli, Lian Xiaoyan, Zhang Jianghui, Z. Zhihua","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To compare the reliability of Internet Addiction Impairment Index (IAII), Revised\u0000 Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R)-Taiwan Revision, CIAS-R-Mainland Revision,\u0000 Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) and the consistency of Internet addiction using\u0000 the four scales in college students.\u0000 Methods A total of 1 004 undergraduates from 3 universities in Hefei were selected to measure\u0000 the tendency of internet addiction simultaneously using the four scales, and 122 students\u0000 were retested two weeks after the initial assessment. Correlation coefficient, coincidence\u0000 rate and Kappa value were used to analyze the consistency of the four scales. Analysis of variance,\u0000 t test and Logistic regression were used to determine the consistency of the factors\u0000 related to internet addiction scale.\u0000 Results The reliability of the four Internet addiction scales were greater than 0.7 (\u0000 P<0.01). The correlation coefficient among all scales was greater than 0.5 (\u0000 P<0.01). The agreement between YDQ and CIAS-R-Mainland Revision was 0.87. The Kappa value of YDQ and CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision in the consistency analysis was 0.51 (\u0000 P<0.01), the Kappa value between the other scales was less than 0.5. Results showed that the four scales\u0000 were consistent in Internet addiction prevalence by gender, grade and major, while\u0000 CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision and YDQ were not consistent with the other two scales in sleep\u0000 disorder.\u0000 Conclusion The four Internet addiction scales all have good reliability, while low agreement\u0000 in Internet addiction assessment, suggesting further improvement and revision in Internet\u0000 addiction scales.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 比较网络成瘾损害量表(IAII)、中文网络成瘾量表(CIAS-R)-中国台湾修订版、CIAS-R-中国大陆修订版、自评 Young 网络成瘾诊断问卷(YDQ)的信度及在大学生网络成瘾测量中的一致性,\u0000 为今后网络成瘾调查量表的选择和修订提供参考依据。\u0000 方法 分层整群选取合肥市 3 所高校的 1 004 名本科生, 采用 4 个量表同时进行网络成瘾倾向的测量, 对 122 名大学生在首次测评 2 周后进行重测。采用相关系数、符合率、即\u0000 Kappa 值分析 4 个量表的一致性, 采用 t 检验、方差分析和 Logistic 回归进行网络成瘾量表相关因素分析的一致性判断。\u0000 结果 4个网络成瘾量表的信度均>0.7(\u0000 P<0.01)。各量表间的相关系数均大于 0.5(\u0000 P<0.01)。YDQ 与 CIAS-R-中国大陆修订版符合率为 0.87,一致性分析结果中 YDQ与 CIAS-R-中国台湾修订版的 Kappa 值为 0.51(\u0000 P<0.01), 其他量表两两之间的\u0000 Kappa值均< 0.5。网络成瘾的相关因素分析显示, 4种量表在性别、年级、专业性质因素上的差异具有一致性, CIAS-R-中国台湾修订版与 YDQ 在睡眠障碍因素上的统计学差异与其他量表不一致。\u0000 结论 4 种网络成瘾量表均具有较好的信度, 但是各量表在网络成瘾判定上的一致性相对较低。建议对网络成瘾量表做进一步的完善和修订。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134253679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.015
Chen Xiuqing, Yi Jiali, Huang Limei, Yanggeng Chen, Yu Yan, G. Xuemei
Objective To understand the impact of violent video games exposure, self-control level and coping style on aggressive behavior of junior high school students in Shanghai, and provide a basis for future interventions to effectively reduce adolescents’ aggressive behavior. Methods Cluster sampling was used to select 1 886 students of 4 public middle schools in Shanghai from May to June 2019. The data was collected included Violent Video Game Use Habits Questionnaire, Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Control Dual System Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. Results According to the potential profile analysis, the level of aggressive behavior of junior school students in Shanghai could be divided into four groups, which was low aggressive group, middle aggressive group one, middle aggressive group two and high aggressive group according to level of aggregate. After controlling for gender and age, multivariate Logistic regression showed that exposure to violent video games, impulse system and negative response were risk factors for aggressive behavior ( P<0.05); using low aggressive group as control group, the OR of violent video games in other three groups were 1.26, 1.30 and 1.70 respectively. The OR of impulse system were 2.96, 4.40 and 6.84 respectively. The OR of negative response were 1.17, 1.42 and 1.74 respectively. Positive response was a protective factor ( P<0.05). Using low aggressive group as control group, the OR of positive in other three groups were 0.82, 0.52 and 0.49 respectively. Conclusion Violent video game exposure, impulsive system and negative coping style can increase the level of aggressive behavior of junior high school students, while positive coping style can reduce the level of aggression of junior middle school students. 【摘要】 目的 了解上海市初中生暴力电子游戏接触、自我控制水平和应对方式对攻击性行为的影响, 为有效降低青少年攻击性行为干预措施提供依据。 方法 采用整群抽样方法, 于 2019 年 5—6 月对上海市 4 所普通公立初中学校 1 886 名在校学生进行问卷调査, 调査内容包括暴力电子游戏使用习惯问卷、Buss和Peny攻击问卷、青少年自我控制双系统量表以及简易应对方式问卷。 结果 上海市初中生攻击性行为水平根据潜在剖面分析可以分为 4 个组别, 根据攻击性水平从低到髙, 依次命名为低攻击组、中等攻击 1 组、中等攻击 2 组和髙攻击组。在控制性别和年龄的基础上, 多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 与低攻击组相比, 其余各组别中暴力电子游戏接触、冲动系统、消极应对与攻击性行为均呈正相关( OR 值分别为 1.26, 1.30, 1.70；2.96,4.40,6.84；1.17, 1.42, 1.74, P 值均<0.05), 积极应对与攻击性行为呈负相关( OR 值分别为 0.82, 0.52,0.49, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 暴力电子游戏接触、冲动系统和消极应对方式会增加初中生的攻击性行为水平, 而积极应对方式能降低初中生攻击性水平。
{"title":"Impact of violent video games and other factors on aggressive behavior of junior high school students in Shanghai","authors":"Chen Xiuqing, Yi Jiali, Huang Limei, Yanggeng Chen, Yu Yan, G. Xuemei","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the impact of violent video games exposure, self-control level and\u0000 coping style on aggressive behavior of junior high school students in Shanghai, and\u0000 provide a basis for future interventions to effectively reduce adolescents’ aggressive\u0000 behavior.\u0000 Methods Cluster sampling was used to select 1 886 students of 4 public middle schools in\u0000 Shanghai from May to June 2019. The data was collected included Violent Video Game\u0000 Use Habits Questionnaire, Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Control\u0000 Dual System Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire.\u0000 Results According to the potential profile analysis, the level of aggressive behavior of\u0000 junior school students in Shanghai could be divided into four groups, which was low\u0000 aggressive group, middle aggressive group one, middle aggressive group two and high\u0000 aggressive group according to level of aggregate. After controlling for gender and\u0000 age, multivariate Logistic regression showed that exposure to violent video games,\u0000 impulse system and negative response were risk factors for aggressive behavior (\u0000 P<0.05); using low aggressive group as control group, the OR of violent video games in other three groups were 1.26, 1.30 and 1.70 respectively.\u0000 The OR of impulse system were 2.96, 4.40 and 6.84 respectively. The OR of negative response were 1.17, 1.42 and 1.74 respectively. Positive response was\u0000 a protective factor (\u0000 P<0.05). Using low aggressive group as control group, the OR of positive in other three groups were 0.82, 0.52 and 0.49 respectively.\u0000 Conclusion Violent video game exposure, impulsive system and negative coping style can increase\u0000 the level of aggressive behavior of junior high school students, while positive coping\u0000 style can reduce the level of aggression of junior middle school students.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 了解上海市初中生暴力电子游戏接触、自我控制水平和应对方式对攻击性行为的影响, 为有效降低青少年攻击性行为干预措施提供依据。\u0000 方法 采用整群抽样方法, 于 2019 年 5—6 月对上海市 4 所普通公立初中学校 1 886 名在校学生进行问卷调査, 调査内容包括暴力电子游戏使用习惯问卷、Buss和Peny攻击问卷、青少年自我控制双系统量表以及简易应对方式问卷。\u0000 结果 上海市初中生攻击性行为水平根据潜在剖面分析可以分为 4 个组别, 根据攻击性水平从低到髙, 依次命名为低攻击组、中等攻击 1 组、中等攻击 2 组和髙攻击组。在控制性别和年龄的基础上,\u0000 多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 与低攻击组相比, 其余各组别中暴力电子游戏接触、冲动系统、消极应对与攻击性行为均呈正相关(\u0000 OR 值分别为 1.26, 1.30, 1.70；2.96,4.40,6.84；1.17, 1.42, 1.74, P 值均<0.05), 积极应对与攻击性行为呈负相关(\u0000 OR 值分别为 0.82, 0.52,0.49, P 值均<0.05)。\u0000 结论 暴力电子游戏接触、冲动系统和消极应对方式会增加初中生的攻击性行为水平, 而积极应对方式能降低初中生攻击性水平。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115524181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.031
Tian Meina, L. Hong, N. Bei, Zhang Cui, Zhao Yongli, Miao Runxiao, Liu Changqing
Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of eating out among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province, and to explore the association between eating out and overweight/obesity. Methods Data came from Children and Nurse Nutrition Health Monitoring of China during 2016-2017. Questionnaire surveys and anthropometric measures was conducted among 3 330 children aged 6-17 in 12 survey sites. Multivariate Logistics stepwise regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of eating out and the relationship between eating out and overweight/obesity. Results The proportion of eating out was 16.19%, and the rate of overweight and obesity was 29.43%. Multivariate analysis showed that the older children (junior high school students: OR = 1.36; high school students: OR = 3.57, both P<0.05) and adolescents from high-income families (10 000~<20 000 CNY: OR = 1.48; ≥20 000 CNY: OR = 2.93, both P<0.05) were more likely to eat out. Children and adolescents living in rural areas ( OR = 0.20, P<0.01), non-only-child ( OR = 0.76, P = 0.02), day school students ( OR = 0.21, P<0.01), and the primary caregivers of the elderly ( OR = 0.69, P = 0.03) were less likely to eat out. In addition, eating out was statistically associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity ( OR = 1.31, P<0.01). Conclusion Eating out is common among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province. Residency, age, household income, one-child family, boarding and and eating out behaviors of primary caregivers are associated with eating out among children and adolescents. Eating out may increase the risk of overweight/obesity in children. 【摘要】 目的 分析河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐现状及其与超重肥胖的关系, 为指导儿童青少年建立健康的饮 食习惯和遏制肥胖流行趋势提供参考。 方法 调査数据来自 2016—2017 年中国儿童与乳母营养健康状况监测, 通过问卷 调査和体格检査收集河北省 12 个监测点 3 330 名 6~17 岁儿童青少年最近 1 周的就餐情况、家庭基本情况和体检信息等 资料。采用多因素 Logistic 逐步回归的方法, 对调査对象在外就餐情况, 在外就餐影响因素及与超重肥胖的关系进行分析。 结果 河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐率为 16.19%, 超重肥胖率为 29.43%。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 年龄较大 (初中生： OR = 1.36, 髙中生 OR = 3.57, P 值均<0.05) 和家庭人均收人髙的儿童青少年 (1~ <2 万元: OR = 1.48, ≥2 万元: OR = 2.93, P 值均<0.05) 在外就餐的可能性更髙;居住地为农村 ( OR = 0.20)、非独生子女 ( OR = 0.76)、走读生 ( OR = 0.21) 以及 主要抚养人为老人的儿童青少年 ( OR = 0.69) 在外就餐的可能性更低 ( P 值均<0.05)。在外就餐与超重肥胖风险增髙存在 统计学关联 ( OR = 1.31, P<0.01)。 结论 河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐现象较为普遍。居住地、年龄段、人均年收 人、是否为独生子女、是否住校、主要抚养人是在外就餐的相关因素, 在外就餐可能会增加儿童青少年超重肥胖的风险。
{"title":"Prevalence of eating out and its association with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hebei Province","authors":"Tian Meina, L. Hong, N. Bei, Zhang Cui, Zhao Yongli, Miao Runxiao, Liu Changqing","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.08.031","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of eating out among children\u0000 and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province, and to explore the association between\u0000 eating out and overweight/obesity.\u0000 Methods Data came from Children and Nurse Nutrition Health Monitoring of China during 2016-2017.\u0000 Questionnaire surveys and anthropometric measures was conducted among 3 330 children\u0000 aged 6-17 in 12 survey sites. Multivariate Logistics stepwise regression model was\u0000 used to analyze the influencing factors of eating out and the relationship between\u0000 eating out and overweight/obesity.\u0000 Results The proportion of eating out was 16.19%, and the rate of overweight and obesity was\u0000 29.43%. Multivariate analysis showed that the older children (junior high school students:\u0000 OR = 1.36; high school students: OR = 3.57, both P<0.05) and adolescents from high-income families (10 000~<20 000 CNY: OR = 1.48; ≥20 000 CNY: OR = 2.93, both P<0.05) were more likely to eat out. Children and adolescents living in rural areas\u0000 (\u0000 OR = 0.20, P<0.01), non-only-child (\u0000 OR = 0.76, P = 0.02), day school students (\u0000 OR = 0.21, P<0.01), and the primary caregivers of the elderly (\u0000 OR = 0.69, P = 0.03) were less likely to eat out. In addition, eating out was statistically associated\u0000 with an increased risk of overweight and obesity (\u0000 OR = 1.31, P<0.01).\u0000 Conclusion Eating out is common among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province.\u0000 Residency, age, household income, one-child family, boarding and and eating out behaviors\u0000 of primary caregivers are associated with eating out among children and adolescents.\u0000 Eating out may increase the risk of overweight/obesity in children.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 分析河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐现状及其与超重肥胖的关系, 为指导儿童青少年建立健康的饮 食习惯和遏制肥胖流行趋势提供参考。\u0000 方法 调査数据来自 2016—2017 年中国儿童与乳母营养健康状况监测, 通过问卷 调査和体格检査收集河北省 12 个监测点 3 330 名 6~17 岁儿童青少年最近\u0000 1 周的就餐情况、家庭基本情况和体检信息等 资料。采用多因素 Logistic 逐步回归的方法, 对调査对象在外就餐情况, 在外就餐影响因素及与超重肥胖的关系进行分析。\u0000 结果 河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐率为 16.19%, 超重肥胖率为 29.43%。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 年龄较大 (初中生：\u0000 OR = 1.36, 髙中生 OR = 3.57, P 值均<0.05) 和家庭人均收人髙的儿童青少年 (1~ <2 万元:\u0000 OR = 1.48, ≥2 万元:\u0000 OR = 2.93, P 值均<0.05) 在外就餐的可能性更髙;居住地为农村 (\u0000 OR = 0.20)、非独生子女 (\u0000 OR = 0.76)、走读生 (\u0000 OR = 0.21) 以及 主要抚养人为老人的儿童青少年 (\u0000 OR = 0.69) 在外就餐的可能性更低 (\u0000 P 值均<0.05)。在外就餐与超重肥胖风险增髙存在 统计学关联 (\u0000 OR = 1.31, P<0.01)。\u0000 结论 河北省 6~17 岁儿童青少年在外就餐现象较为普遍。居住地、年龄段、人均年收 人、是否为独生子女、是否住校、主要抚养人是在外就餐的相关因素, 在外就餐可能会增加儿童青少年超重肥胖的风险。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121223986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.002
Zhang Wei, Yuan Jianping, Qiangba Yangzhen, Wan Senlin, Xiong Jian, Zhu Luona
Physical health of contemporary children and adolescents decreasing due to physical inactivity. After review of the implementation of physical activity promotion among children and adolescents at home, this paper analyzes the possible reasons of physical activities neglected, constrained and occupied by the family, school and community, and proposes an integrated supportive environment for physical activities among “family school community”, so as to promote physical activity among children and adolescents and improve their physical health accordingly. 【摘要】 儿童青少年由于身体活动不足所导致的体质健康问题愈发严重。基于国内儿童青少年身体活动促进的历程回 顾, 通过分析中国儿童青少年身体活动在家庭、学校、社区等环境中被忽视、被束缚、被挤占的现实原因, 尝试构筑 “家庭一 学校一社区” 的一体化身体活动支持性环境, 促进儿童青少年身体活动的开展, 提升体质健康水平。
Physical health of contemporary children and adolescents decreasing due to physical inactivity. After review of the implementation of physical activity promotion among children and adolescents at home, this paper analyzes the possible reasons of physical activities neglected, constrained and occupied by the family, school and community, and proposes an integrated supportive environment for physical activities among “family school community”, so as to promote physical activity among children and adolescents and improve their physical health accordingly. 【摘要】 儿童青少年由于身体活动不足所导致的体质健康问题愈发严重。基于国内儿童青少年身体活动促进的历程回 顾, 通过分析中国儿童青少年身体活动在家庭、学校、社区等环境中被忽视、被束缚、被挤占的现实原因, 尝试构筑 “家庭一 学校一社区” 的一体化身体活动支持性环境, 促进儿童青少年身体活动的开展, 提升体质健康水平。
{"title":"Logic and approach to the integration of supportive environment for children and adolescents’ physical activities in China","authors":"Zhang Wei, Yuan Jianping, Qiangba Yangzhen, Wan Senlin, Xiong Jian, Zhu Luona","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"Physical health of contemporary children and adolescents decreasing due to physical\u0000 inactivity. After review of the implementation of physical activity promotion among\u0000 children and adolescents at home, this paper analyzes the possible reasons of physical\u0000 activities neglected, constrained and occupied by the family, school and community,\u0000 and proposes an integrated supportive environment for physical activities among “family\u0000 school community”, so as to promote physical activity among children and adolescents\u0000 and improve their physical health accordingly.\u0000 【摘要】 儿童青少年由于身体活动不足所导致的体质健康问题愈发严重。基于国内儿童青少年身体活动促进的历程回 顾, 通过分析中国儿童青少年身体活动在家庭、学校、社区等环境中被忽视、被束缚、被挤占的现实原因,\u0000 尝试构筑 “家庭一 学校一社区” 的一体化身体活动支持性环境, 促进儿童青少年身体活动的开展, 提升体质健康水平。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123191213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.008
Dai Yiming, Di Jiayun, Guo Jianqiu, Zhang Jiming, Zhang Lei, W. Zheng, Wu Chunhua, Zhou Zhijun
Objective To evaluate the status of dietary diversity and determinants among school-age left-behind children. Methods A total of 501 children aged 9-10 years in Sheyang Mini Cohort Study were enrolled from Sheyang City in Jiangsu Province during 2019. A questionnaires survey was administrated to collect left-behind and socioeconomic information. Twenty-four hour dietary recall survey was conducted, dietary diversity score (DDS 10 and DDS) and food variety score (FVS) were computed according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Weight and height of children were measured and sex-and age-standardized body mass index was used to define obesity. Multivariable regression models were preformed to explore the determinants of dietary diversity in school-age left-behind children. Results The proportion of left-behind children was 40.9%. The mean value and standard deviation of three kinds of dietary diversity score (DDS 10, DDS, FVS) in left-behind children were (5.69±1.31)(6.55±1.44) and (13.48± 4.23), respectively. All of these were lower than that in non-left-behind children (DDS 10: 5.99±1.29; DDS: 6.79±1.40; FVS: 14.15 ±4.22). Significant difference in DDS 10 between left-behind and non-left-behind children was observed ( P = 0.01). The results of multivariable regression demonstrated that gender, passive smoking, family education level and family economic status were related to dietary diversity scores ( P<0.05). Conclusion Dietary diversity in school-age left-behind children was not optimistic and gender, passive smoking, parental education level, family economic status and left-behind situation play a critical role in dietary diversity among these children. 【摘要】 目的 评价学龄期留守儿童的膳食多样化得分及其影响因素, 为指导留守儿童合理膳食提供参考依据。 方法 2019年8月对2009年在江苏射阳建立的儿童出生队列中501名9~10岁儿童进行调査, 问卷询问儿童留守情况与其他基 本信息, 24 h膳食回顾法收集膳食资料。根据联合国粮食与农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO)的标准计算 膳食多样化得分(dietary diversity score, DDS 10和DDS)和食物多样性得分(food variety score, FVS);测量儿童的体格发育指 标并评估肥胖情况, 应用多变量回归分析留守情况与膳食多样化得分关系及影响因素。 结果 留守儿童的比例为40.9%, 3 种膳食多样化得分(DDS 10、DDS、FVS)分别为(5.69±1.31)(6.55±1.44) (13.48±4.23)分, 均低于非留守儿童(5.99±1.29, 6.79±1.40, 14.15±4.22)分, 留守儿童与非留守儿童的DDS 10评分差异有统计学意义( P = 0.01)。广义线性模型回归结果显 示, 性别、被动吸烟、家庭教育水平、家庭年收入、留守情况与膳食多样化得分相关均有统计学意义( P值均<0.05)。 结论 留守儿童的膳食多样化程度较低, 膳食多样化与儿童性别、被动吸烟、家庭教育水平和家庭年收入等有关。应注重留守儿 童膳食多样化, 改善儿童饮食。
{"title":"Dietary diversity and determinants among left-behind children in rural area","authors":"Dai Yiming, Di Jiayun, Guo Jianqiu, Zhang Jiming, Zhang Lei, W. Zheng, Wu Chunhua, Zhou Zhijun","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To evaluate the status of dietary diversity and determinants among school-age left-behind\u0000 children.\u0000 Methods A total of 501 children aged 9-10 years in Sheyang Mini Cohort Study were enrolled\u0000 from Sheyang City in Jiangsu Province during 2019. A questionnaires survey was administrated\u0000 to collect left-behind and socioeconomic information. Twenty-four hour dietary recall\u0000 survey was conducted, dietary diversity score (DDS\u0000 10 and DDS) and food variety score (FVS) were computed according to Food and Agriculture\u0000 Organization (FAO). Weight and height of children were measured and sex-and age-standardized\u0000 body mass index was used to define obesity. Multivariable regression models were preformed\u0000 to explore the determinants of dietary diversity in school-age left-behind children.\u0000 Results The proportion of left-behind children was 40.9%. The mean value and standard deviation\u0000 of three kinds of dietary diversity score (DDS\u0000 10, DDS, FVS) in left-behind children were (5.69±1.31)(6.55±1.44) and (13.48± 4.23),\u0000 respectively. All of these were lower than that in non-left-behind children (DDS\u0000 10: 5.99±1.29; DDS: 6.79±1.40; FVS: 14.15 ±4.22). Significant difference in DDS\u0000 10 between left-behind and non-left-behind children was observed (\u0000 P = 0.01). The results of multivariable regression demonstrated that gender, passive\u0000 smoking, family education level and family economic status were related to dietary\u0000 diversity scores (\u0000 P<0.05).\u0000 Conclusion Dietary diversity in school-age left-behind children was not optimistic and gender,\u0000 passive smoking, parental education level, family economic status and left-behind\u0000 situation play a critical role in dietary diversity among these children.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 评价学龄期留守儿童的膳食多样化得分及其影响因素, 为指导留守儿童合理膳食提供参考依据。\u0000 方法 2019年8月对2009年在江苏射阳建立的儿童出生队列中501名9~10岁儿童进行调査, 问卷询问儿童留守情况与其他基 本信息, 24 h膳食回顾法收集膳食资料。根据联合国粮食与农业组织(Food\u0000 and Agriculture Organization, FAO)的标准计算 膳食多样化得分(dietary diversity score, DDS\u0000 10和DDS)和食物多样性得分(food variety score, FVS);测量儿童的体格发育指 标并评估肥胖情况, 应用多变量回归分析留守情况与膳食多样化得分关系及影响因素。\u0000 结果 留守儿童的比例为40.9%, 3 种膳食多样化得分(DDS\u0000 10、DDS、FVS)分别为(5.69±1.31)(6.55±1.44) (13.48±4.23)分, 均低于非留守儿童(5.99±1.29, 6.79±1.40, 14.15±4.22)分,\u0000 留守儿童与非留守儿童的DDS\u0000 10评分差异有统计学意义(\u0000 P = 0.01)。广义线性模型回归结果显 示, 性别、被动吸烟、家庭教育水平、家庭年收入、留守情况与膳食多样化得分相关均有统计学意义(\u0000 P值均<0.05)。\u0000 结论 留守儿童的膳食多样化程度较低, 膳食多样化与儿童性别、被动吸烟、家庭教育水平和家庭年收入等有关。应注重留守儿 童膳食多样化, 改善儿童饮食。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126489380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.024
H. Mi, W. Jinjing, Song Xu, Zhang Yang
Objective To explore characteristics of dynamic and static balance of children aged 8 to 10 years, and to provide a reference for prevention of injuries caused by physical activities among obese children and the choice of facilities for physical activities. Methods Totally 100 obese children and 100 normal children were selected as the subjects by one-legged jumps from 5 primary schools in economic and technological development district of Hefei, the proportion of male and female children was 1 : 1 in each group. IIM-BAL-100 balance tester was used to assess the static balance ability under double feet standing with eyes closed and right foot standing with eyes opened. The dynamic balance of double feet standing with eyes opened was measured by the Balance-check dynamic balance tester. Two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the effect of obesity and gender on the dynamic and the static balance. Results In the static balance ability, when standing with both eyes closed, there was no significant difference in all static balance values between groups, genders and the interaction between the two factors ( F = 2. 33, 0.42, 0.76, P>0.05). When standing on one foot with eyes opened, there was significant difference in the static equilibrium index between the groups and the gender ( F = 2.72, 3.07, P<0.05). In terms of dynamic balance ability, all the dynamic balance indexes had statistically significant differences among the groups ( F = 43.67, P<0.01). Conclusion Obesity can significantly reduce the ability of single-leg static balance and dynamic balance in 8-10-year-old children. Sex can significantly affect the single foot static balance ability of 8—10-year-old children, but it has little effect on the dynamic balance ability of 8-10-year-old children. 【摘要】 目的 探讨不同性别肥胖儿童静动态平衡能力特点, 为肥胖儿童运动损伤的预防以及运动选材提供理论依据。 方法 通过单腿前跳法与年龄分层抽样法, 从合肥市经开区5所小学选取100名8~10岁肥胖儿童及100名正常体重儿童 为研究对象, 每组儿童男、女比例均为1 : 1。采用IIM-BAL-100型静态平衡测试仪分别测试闭眼双足和睁眼单足站立状 态下受试者各平衡指标的值, 采用Balance-check动态平衡测试仪测试睁眼双足站立状态下的动态平衡能力。使用双因素 方差分析检验肥胖和性别对静动态平衡能力的影响。 结果 在静态平衡能力方面, 当闭眼双足站立时, 所有静态平衡指标 值在肥胖、性别以及两因素交互作用间的差异均无统计学意义( F值分别为2.33,0.42,0.76, P 值均>0.05); 当睁眼单足站 立时, 各静态平衡指标值在是否肥胖和性别间的差异均有统计学意义( F值分别为2.72,3.07, P 值均<0.05)。在动态平衡 能力方面, 所有动态平衡指标值在是否肥胖间的差异有统计学意义( F = 43.67, P<0.01)。 结论 8~10岁肥胖儿童的单足 静态平衡能力和动态平衡能力弱于正常体重儿童;8~10岁男童的单足静态平衡能力弱于女童。
{"title":"Influence of obesity and gender on the dynamic and static balance in children aged 8-10 years","authors":"H. Mi, W. Jinjing, Song Xu, Zhang Yang","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore characteristics of dynamic and static balance of children aged 8 to 10\u0000 years, and to provide a reference for prevention of injuries caused by physical activities\u0000 among obese children and the choice of facilities for physical activities.\u0000 Methods Totally 100 obese children and 100 normal children were selected as the subjects\u0000 by one-legged jumps from 5 primary schools in economic and technological development\u0000 district of Hefei, the proportion of male and female children was 1 : 1 in each group.\u0000 IIM-BAL-100 balance tester was used to assess the static balance ability under double\u0000 feet standing with eyes closed and right foot standing with eyes opened. The dynamic\u0000 balance of double feet standing with eyes opened was measured by the Balance-check\u0000 dynamic balance tester. Two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine\u0000 the effect of obesity and gender on the dynamic and the static balance.\u0000 Results In the static balance ability, when standing with both eyes closed, there was no\u0000 significant difference in all static balance values between groups, genders and the\u0000 interaction between the two factors (\u0000 F = 2. 33, 0.42, 0.76, P>0.05). When standing on one foot with eyes opened, there was significant difference\u0000 in the static equilibrium index between the groups and the gender (\u0000 F = 2.72, 3.07, P<0.05). In terms of dynamic balance ability, all the dynamic balance indexes had statistically\u0000 significant differences among the groups (\u0000 F = 43.67, P<0.01).\u0000 Conclusion Obesity can significantly reduce the ability of single-leg static balance and dynamic\u0000 balance in 8-10-year-old children. Sex can significantly affect the single foot static\u0000 balance ability of 8—10-year-old children, but it has little effect on the dynamic\u0000 balance ability of 8-10-year-old children.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 探讨不同性别肥胖儿童静动态平衡能力特点, 为肥胖儿童运动损伤的预防以及运动选材提供理论依据。\u0000 方法 通过单腿前跳法与年龄分层抽样法, 从合肥市经开区5所小学选取100名8~10岁肥胖儿童及100名正常体重儿童 为研究对象, 每组儿童男、女比例均为1 : 1。采用IIM-BAL-100型静态平衡测试仪分别测试闭眼双足和睁眼单足站立状\u0000 态下受试者各平衡指标的值, 采用Balance-check动态平衡测试仪测试睁眼双足站立状态下的动态平衡能力。使用双因素 方差分析检验肥胖和性别对静动态平衡能力的影响。\u0000 结果 在静态平衡能力方面, 当闭眼双足站立时, 所有静态平衡指标 值在肥胖、性别以及两因素交互作用间的差异均无统计学意义(\u0000 F值分别为2.33,0.42,0.76, P 值均>0.05); 当睁眼单足站 立时, 各静态平衡指标值在是否肥胖和性别间的差异均有统计学意义(\u0000 F值分别为2.72,3.07, P 值均<0.05)。在动态平衡 能力方面, 所有动态平衡指标值在是否肥胖间的差异有统计学意义(\u0000 F = 43.67, P<0.01)。\u0000 结论 8~10岁肥胖儿童的单足 静态平衡能力和动态平衡能力弱于正常体重儿童;8~10岁男童的单足静态平衡能力弱于女童。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117269076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.019
Zhang Jiashuai, Zuo Xiayun, Yue Chunyan, Lian Qiguo, Zhong Xiangyang, T. Xiaowen, Lou Chao-hua
Objective To explore the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adolescent alcohol use and to provide evidence for prevention and intervention. Methods A total of 1 550 students from grades 6 to 8 in three public middle schools in a district of Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The baseline and follow-up investigation were conducted by anonymous electronic questionnaire in mobile tablet from November to December in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The latent class analysis (LCA) was applied for the classification of ACEs, while the multivariate generalized estimating Equations (GEE) model was adopted to examine the association between ACEs and adolescent alcohol use. Results The ACEs was divided into 3 classes by LCA: high exposure (8.97%), abuse and neglect (38.97%), low exposure (52.06%). The multivariate GEE model indicates the risk of alcohol drinking among adolescents in high exposure and abuse and neglect classes were significantly higher than their counterparts in low exposure class ( OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.72-4.07; OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.14-1.96, respectively). Conclusion The effect of ACEs on alcohol use may vary across different latent classes. Supportive childhood environment may contribute to decrease the risk of adolescent drinking behavior. 【摘要】 目的 探究儿童期不良经历(adverse childhood experiences, ACEs)与青少年饮酒的关联, 为青少年饮酒行为的防 控提供指导。 方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法选取上海市某区3所公立初中六至八年级的1 550名学生, 于2017年和 2018年11—12月开展2次匿名电子问卷调査。米用潜类别分析(latent class analysis, LCA)对ACEs进行分类, 利用多因 素广义估计方程(generalized estimating equations, GEE)模型分析ACEs与青少年饮酒的关联。 结果 LCA拟合结果表明, ACEs可分为3个潜类别, 分别定义为髙暴露组(139名, 8.97%)、虐待忽视组(604名, 38.97%) 和低暴露组(807名, 52.06%)。多因素GEE模型结果显示, 相较于低暴露组, 髙暴露组( OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.72~4.07)和虐待忽视组( OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.14~1.96)研究对象的饮酒风险显著增加( P 值均<0.01)。 结论 不同潜类别的ACEs对饮酒的影响可能存 在差异, 良好的儿童期成长环境可能有助于降低青少年饮酒风险。
目的探讨不良童年经历与青少年酒精使用的关系，为预防和干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，抽取上海市某区3所公立中学6 ~ 8年级学生1 550名。基线调查和随访调查分别于2017年11 - 12月和2018年11 - 12月通过手机平板匿名电子问卷进行。应用潜类分析(LCA)对ace进行分类，采用多元广义估计方程(GEE)模型检验ace与青少年酒精使用的关系。结果LCA将ace分为高暴露型(8.97%)、虐待忽视型(38.97%)、低暴露型(52.06%)3类。多变量GEE模型显示，高暴露和虐待和忽视类别的青少年饮酒风险显著高于低暴露类别的青少年(OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.72-4.07;OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.14-1.96)。结论ace对酒精使用的影响可能在不同的潜在类别中存在差异。支持性的童年环境可能有助于降低青少年饮酒行为的风险。【摘要】目的探究儿童期不良经历(儿童期不良经历,ace)与青少年饮酒的关联,为青少年饮酒行为的防控提供指导。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法选取上海市某区3所公立初中六至八年级的1 550名学生, 于2017年和 2018年11—12月开展2次匿名电子问卷调査。米用潜类别分析(潜类别分析,LCA)对ace进行分类,利用多因素广义估计方程(广义估计方程,哎呀)模型分析ace与青少年饮酒的关联。结果LCA拟合结果表明,ace可分为3个潜类别,分别定义为髙暴露组(139名,8.97%),虐待忽视组(604名,38.97%)和低暴露组(807名,52.06%)。多因素哎呀模型结果显示,相较于低暴露组,髙暴露组(或= 2.65,95% CI = 1.72 ~ 4.07)和虐待忽视组(或= 1.50,95% CI = 1.14 ~ 1.96)研究对象的饮酒风险显著增加(P值均< 0.01)。结论不同潜类别的ace对饮酒的影响可能存在差异,良好的儿童期成长环境可能有助于降低青少年饮酒风险。
{"title":"Association between adverse childhood experiences and adolescent alcohol use","authors":"Zhang Jiashuai, Zuo Xiayun, Yue Chunyan, Lian Qiguo, Zhong Xiangyang, T. Xiaowen, Lou Chao-hua","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.07.019","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adolescent alcohol use and to provide evidence for prevention and intervention. Methods A total of 1 550 students from grades 6 to 8 in three public middle schools in a district of Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The baseline and follow-up investigation were conducted by anonymous electronic questionnaire in mobile tablet from November to December in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The latent class analysis (LCA) was applied for the classification of ACEs, while the multivariate generalized estimating Equations (GEE) model was adopted to examine the association between ACEs and adolescent alcohol use. Results The ACEs was divided into 3 classes by LCA: high exposure (8.97%), abuse and neglect (38.97%), low exposure (52.06%). The multivariate GEE model indicates the risk of alcohol drinking among adolescents in high exposure and abuse and neglect classes were significantly higher than their counterparts in low exposure class ( OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.72-4.07; OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.14-1.96, respectively). Conclusion The effect of ACEs on alcohol use may vary across different latent classes. Supportive childhood environment may contribute to decrease the risk of adolescent drinking behavior. 【摘要】 目的 探究儿童期不良经历(adverse childhood experiences, ACEs)与青少年饮酒的关联, 为青少年饮酒行为的防 控提供指导。 方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法选取上海市某区3所公立初中六至八年级的1 550名学生, 于2017年和 2018年11—12月开展2次匿名电子问卷调査。米用潜类别分析(latent class analysis, LCA)对ACEs进行分类, 利用多因 素广义估计方程(generalized estimating equations, GEE)模型分析ACEs与青少年饮酒的关联。 结果 LCA拟合结果表明, ACEs可分为3个潜类别, 分别定义为髙暴露组(139名, 8.97%)、虐待忽视组(604名, 38.97%) 和低暴露组(807名, 52.06%)。多因素GEE模型结果显示, 相较于低暴露组, 髙暴露组( OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.72~4.07)和虐待忽视组( OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.14~1.96)研究对象的饮酒风险显著增加( P 值均<0.01)。 结论 不同潜类别的ACEs对饮酒的影响可能存 在差异, 良好的儿童期成长环境可能有助于降低青少年饮酒风险。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129200883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.014
Yang Xiaochen, Zhu Jingfen, Chen Ziyue, Tang Yinliang, He Yaping
Objective This study aims to investigate the impact of individual and family factors on anxiety and loneliness of middle school students during quarantine in the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide reference for discussing the possible effective intervention paths in the stress process of public health emergencies. Methods A total of 11 596 students from junior and high schools in Shanghai were selected to complete the questionnaire with the stratified random cluster sampling method. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and UCLA Loneliness Scale, University of California at Los Angeles (ULS-6) were used for the survey. Results The prevalence of anxiety and loneliness were 34.78% and 52.44% respectively. The rate of anxiety and loneliness in girls (36.13%, 54.62%) was higher than that of boys (33.44%, 50.28%) (χ 2= 17.03, 21.82, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that graduates ( OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18–1.52), students ranking in the middle ( OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.08–1.45) or in the bottom 25% ( OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.50–2.05), non-only children in the family ( OR = 1.25, = 1.09–1.43) and low socioeconomic status ( OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.23–1.65) were associated with increased risk of moderate and severe level of anxiety ( P<0.05). Girls ( OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.12–1.30), graduates ( OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04–1.24), non-residents ( OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.09–1.33), lower level of grades ( OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.55–1.91) and not living with parents ( OR = 1.32, =1.18–1.48) were associated with increased risk of loneliness ( P<0.05). Conclusion During the quarantine period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, negative emotions such as anxiety and loneliness among adolescents need attention, especially females, graduates, only children and students with low rankings or low socioeconomic status. 【摘要】 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间居家隔离状态中个体及家庭因素对中学生焦虑和孤独情绪产生的影响, 为探讨突发公共卫生事件应激过程中可能采取的有效干预路径提供参考。 方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法, 于 2020 年 3—4 月抽取上海市初、高中生共 11 596 名, 采用广泛性焦虑量表 (GAD-7) 和孤独感量表简版 (ULS-6) 进行调查。 结果 中学生焦虑、孤独发生率分别为 34.78%, 52.44%, 女生焦虑和孤独的发生率 (36.13%, 54.62%) 高于男生 (33.44%, 50.28%) (χ 2 值分别为 17.03, 21.82, P 值均<0.05)。Logistic 回归分析显示, 毕业班 ( OR =1.34,95% CI = 1.18~1.52)、成绩中等 ( OR = 1.25,95% CI =1.08~1.45) 及后 25% 者 ( OR =1.76,95% CI =1.50~2.05)、非独生子女 ( OR =1.25,95% CI = 1.09~1.43)、客观社 会经济地位低 ( OR =1.42,95% CI =1.23~1.65) 与中重度焦虑情绪的发生正性相关, 女生 ( OR =1.20,95% CI =1.12~1.30)、毕 业班 ( OR =1.13,95% CI =1.04~1.24)、外省市户籍 ( OR =1.20,95% CI =1.09~1.33)、成绩差 ( OR =1.72,95% CI = 1.55~1.91)、不与父母同住 ( OR =1.32,95%CI =1.18~1.48) 与孤独情绪的发生正性相关 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 居家隔离期间, 需关注 青少年焦虑和孤独等负性情绪, 尤其是女生、毕业班、成绩较后、独生子女及家庭社会经济地位较低的青少年。
目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情中个体和家庭因素对中学生隔离期间焦虑和孤独感的影响，为探讨突发公共卫生事件应激过程中可能的有效干预路径提供参考。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，对上海市初高中学生11 596人进行问卷调查。采用广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)和加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独感量表(ULS-6)进行调查。结果焦虑和孤独感患病率分别为34.78%和52.44%。女生的焦虑和孤独感发生率(36.13%、54.62%)高于男生(33.44%、50.28%)(χ 2= 17.03、21.82,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，大学毕业生(OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18-1.52)、排名中间(OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.08-1.45)或排名后25% (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.50-2.05)、家庭中非独生子女(OR = 1.25， = 1.09-1.43)和社会经济地位低(OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.23-1.65)与中重度焦虑风险增加相关(P<0.05)。女孩(OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.12-1.30)、毕业生(OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04-1.24)、非居民(OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.09-1.33)、年级较低(OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.55-1.91)和未与父母同住(OR = 1.32， = 1.18-1.48)与孤独感风险增加相关(P<0.05)。结论在新冠肺炎疫情隔离期间，青少年尤其是女性、大学毕业生、独生子女和社会经济地位较低的学生的焦虑、孤独等负面情绪需要引起重视。【摘要】 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间居家隔离状态中个体及家庭因素对中学生焦虑和孤独情绪产生的影响, 为探讨突发公共卫生事件应激过程中可能采取的有效干预路径提供参考。 方法采用分层随机整群抽样法,于2020年3 - 4月抽取上海市初、高中生共11 596名,采用广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和孤独感量表简版(ULS-6)进行调查。结果中学生焦虑,孤独发生率分别为34.78%,52.44%,女生焦虑和孤独的发生率(36.13%,54.62%)高于男生(33.44%、50.28%)(χ2值分别为17.03,21.82,P值均< 0.05)。物流回归分析显示,毕业班(或= 1.34,95% CI = 1.18 ~ 1.52),成绩中等(或= 1.25,95% CI = 1.08 ~ 1.45)及后25%者(或= 1.76,95% CI = 1.50 ~ 2.05),非独生子女(或= 1.25,95% CI = 1.09 ~ 1.43),客观社会经济地位低(或= 1.42,95% CI = 1.23 ~ 1.65)与中重度焦虑情绪的发生正性相关,女生(或= 1.20,95% CI = 1.12 ~ 1.30),毕业班(或= 1.13,95% CI = 1.04 ~ 1.24),外省市户籍(或= 1.20,95% CI = 1.09 ~ 1.33),成绩差(或= 1.72,95% CI = 1.55 ~ 1.91),不与父母同住(或= 1.32,95% CI = 1.18 ~ 1.48)与孤独情绪的发生正性相关(P值均< 0.05)。结论 居家隔离期间, 需关注 青少年焦虑和孤独等负性情绪, 尤其是女生、毕业班、成绩较后、独生子女及家庭社会经济地位较低的青少年。
{"title":"Influence of individual and family characteristics on middle school students’ mental health status during COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Yang Xiaochen, Zhu Jingfen, Chen Ziyue, Tang Yinliang, He Yaping","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aims to investigate the impact of individual and family factors on anxiety\u0000 and loneliness of middle school students during quarantine in the COVID-19 pandemic\u0000 and to provide reference for discussing the possible effective intervention paths\u0000 in the stress process of public health emergencies.\u0000 Methods A total of 11 596 students from junior and high schools in Shanghai were selected\u0000 to complete the questionnaire with the stratified random cluster sampling method.\u0000 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and UCLA Loneliness Scale, University of California\u0000 at Los Angeles (ULS-6) were used for the survey.\u0000 Results The prevalence of anxiety and loneliness were 34.78% and 52.44% respectively. The\u0000 rate of anxiety and loneliness in girls (36.13%, 54.62%) was higher than that of boys\u0000 (33.44%, 50.28%) (χ\u0000 2= 17.03, 21.82, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that graduates (\u0000 OR = 1.34, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.18–1.52), students ranking in the middle (\u0000 OR = 1.25, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.08–1.45) or in the bottom 25% (\u0000 OR = 1.76, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.50–2.05), non-only children in the family (\u0000 OR = 1.25, = 1.09–1.43) and low socioeconomic status (\u0000 OR = 1.42, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.23–1.65) were associated with increased risk of moderate and severe level of\u0000 anxiety (\u0000 P<0.05). Girls (\u0000 OR = 1.20, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.12–1.30), graduates (\u0000 OR = 1.13, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.04–1.24), non-residents (\u0000 OR = 1.20, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.09–1.33), lower level of grades (\u0000 OR = 1.72, 95%\u0000 CI = 1.55–1.91) and not living with parents (\u0000 OR = 1.32, =1.18–1.48) were associated with increased risk of loneliness (\u0000 P<0.05).\u0000 Conclusion During the quarantine period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, negative emotions such\u0000 as anxiety and loneliness among adolescents need attention, especially females, graduates,\u0000 only children and students with low rankings or low socioeconomic status.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间居家隔离状态中个体及家庭因素对中学生焦虑和孤独情绪产生的影响, 为探讨突发公共卫生事件应激过程中可能采取的有效干预路径提供参考。\u0000 方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法, 于 2020 年 3—4 月抽取上海市初、高中生共 11 596 名, 采用广泛性焦虑量表 (GAD-7) 和孤独感量表简版 (ULS-6)\u0000 进行调查。\u0000 结果 中学生焦虑、孤独发生率分别为 34.78%, 52.44%, 女生焦虑和孤独的发生率 (36.13%, 54.62%) 高于男生 (33.44%, 50.28%)\u0000 (χ\u0000 2 值分别为 17.03, 21.82, P 值均<0.05)。Logistic 回归分析显示, 毕业班 (\u0000 OR =1.34,95%\u0000 CI = 1.18~1.52)、成绩中等 (\u0000 OR = 1.25,95%\u0000 CI =1.08~1.45) 及后 25% 者 (\u0000 OR =1.76,95%\u0000 CI =1.50~2.05)、非独生子女 (\u0000 OR =1.25,95%\u0000 CI = 1.09~1.43)、客观社 会经济地位低 (\u0000 OR =1.42,95%\u0000 CI =1.23~1.65) 与中重度焦虑情绪的发生正性相关, 女生 (\u0000 OR =1.20,95%\u0000 CI =1.12~1.30)、毕 业班 (\u0000 OR =1.13,95%\u0000 CI =1.04~1.24)、外省市户籍 (\u0000 OR =1.20,95%\u0000 CI =1.09~1.33)、成绩差 (\u0000 OR =1.72,95%\u0000 CI = 1.55~1.91)、不与父母同住 (\u0000 OR =1.32,95%CI =1.18~1.48) 与孤独情绪的发生正性相关 (\u0000 P 值均<0.05)。\u0000 结论 居家隔离期间, 需关注 青少年焦虑和孤独等负性情绪, 尤其是女生、毕业班、成绩较后、独生子女及家庭社会经济地位较低的青少年。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115995791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To investigate the sleep characteristics of children aged 3–12 years old in Shanghai, and to provide a reference for improving pediatric sleep health. Methods From April to June 2019, 16 542 children aged 3–12 years old were randomly selected from 31 kindergartens and 17 primary schods in Shanghai, and a cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted using multi-stage cluster sampling. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to evaluate sleep characteristics. Results The bedtime routine of children in Shanghai was (21:27±00:36) and (21: 46±00: 46) on weekdays and weekends, respectively. Corresponding wake-up times were (6:52±00:28) and (7:47±00: 48), total sleep duration was (9.05±1.07) and (9.52±1.17) h, and the prevalence of inadequate sleep was 81.0% and 55.4%. The average score of sleep problems was (51.56±8.04), and the prevalence of disturbed sleep was 93.5%. With advancing age, the total sleep time of children in Shanghai decreased, and the difference in weekend-weekday sleep patterns increased. Furthermore, two major sleep problems were observed, namely, short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness, which became increasingly more prominent. Girls usually went to bed later on weekdays and woke up later on weekends, and a greater difference in weekend-weekday sleep patterns was observed. Moreover, psychological problems such as sleep anxiety were more serious among girls. Conclusion At present, children in Shanghai have insufficient sleep time and late bedtimes. Large differences in weekend-weekday sleep patterns were observed, and various sleep problems were identified. Sleep-related anxiety and differences in weekend-weekday sleep patterns were particularly high among girls. 【摘要】 目的 了解上海市 3~12 岁儿童的睡眠特征, 为促进儿童睡眠健康提供参考。 方法 2019 年 4—6 月在上海市开 展多阶段整群抽样, 抽取 31 所幼儿园和 17 所小学, 在纳入研究的 16 542 名 3~12 岁儿童中开展睡眠现状横断面调查。睡 眠特征采用儿童睡眠习惯问卷 (CSHQ) 进行评估。 结果 上海市 3~12 岁儿童的平时和周末就寝时间分别为 (21:27±00:36) 和 (21:46±00:46); 晨起时间分别为 (6:52±00:28) 和 (7:47±00:48); 睡眠时间分别为 (9.05±1.07) 和 (9.52±1.17)h; 睡眠不足发生率分别为 81.0% 和 55.4%。平均睡眠问题得分为 (51.56±8.04), 睡眠不良检出率达 93.5%。随着年龄增长, 睡眠时间逐渐减少, 周末和平时睡眠模式的差异不断增大, 睡眠持续时间短和日间困倦两大睡眠问题不断突出。与男生相 比, 女生的平时就寝时间和周末晨起时间更晚, 周末和平时的睡眠模式差异更大, 睡眠焦虑更加严重。 结论 上海市儿童 总体睡眠时间不足、就寝时间晚、平时和周末睡眠模式差异大、各种睡眠问题多。女生周末和平时睡眠模式差异大和睡眠 焦虑表现尤为严重。
{"title":"Sleep status of children aged 3–12 years in Shanghai","authors":"Chen Yiting, Lyu Jiajun, Xia Yuanqing, Yin Yong, Tong Shilu, Zhao Anda, Li Shenghui","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the sleep characteristics of children aged 3–12 years old in Shanghai,\u0000 and to provide a reference for improving pediatric sleep health.\u0000 Methods From April to June 2019, 16 542 children aged 3–12 years old were randomly selected\u0000 from 31 kindergartens and 17 primary schods in Shanghai, and a cross-sectional epidemiological\u0000 survey was conducted using multi-stage cluster sampling. The Children’s Sleep Habits\u0000 Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to evaluate sleep characteristics.\u0000 Results The bedtime routine of children in Shanghai was (21:27±00:36) and (21: 46±00: 46)\u0000 on weekdays and weekends, respectively. Corresponding wake-up times were (6:52±00:28)\u0000 and (7:47±00: 48), total sleep duration was (9.05±1.07) and (9.52±1.17) h, and the\u0000 prevalence of inadequate sleep was 81.0% and 55.4%. The average score of sleep problems\u0000 was (51.56±8.04), and the prevalence of disturbed sleep was 93.5%. With advancing\u0000 age, the total sleep time of children in Shanghai decreased, and the difference in\u0000 weekend-weekday sleep patterns increased. Furthermore, two major sleep problems were\u0000 observed, namely, short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness, which became increasingly\u0000 more prominent. Girls usually went to bed later on weekdays and woke up later on weekends,\u0000 and a greater difference in weekend-weekday sleep patterns was observed. Moreover,\u0000 psychological problems such as sleep anxiety were more serious among girls.\u0000 Conclusion At present, children in Shanghai have insufficient sleep time and late bedtimes.\u0000 Large differences in weekend-weekday sleep patterns were observed, and various sleep\u0000 problems were identified. Sleep-related anxiety and differences in weekend-weekday\u0000 sleep patterns were particularly high among girls.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 了解上海市 3~12 岁儿童的睡眠特征, 为促进儿童睡眠健康提供参考。\u0000 方法 2019 年 4—6 月在上海市开 展多阶段整群抽样, 抽取 31 所幼儿园和 17 所小学, 在纳入研究的 16 542 名 3~12 岁儿童中开展睡眠现状横断面调查。睡\u0000 眠特征采用儿童睡眠习惯问卷 (CSHQ) 进行评估。\u0000 结果 上海市 3~12 岁儿童的平时和周末就寝时间分别为 (21:27±00:36) 和 (21:46±00:46); 晨起时间分别为 (6:52±00:28) 和 (7:47±00:48);\u0000 睡眠时间分别为 (9.05±1.07) 和 (9.52±1.17)h; 睡眠不足发生率分别为 81.0% 和 55.4%。平均睡眠问题得分为 (51.56±8.04),\u0000 睡眠不良检出率达 93.5%。随着年龄增长, 睡眠时间逐渐减少, 周末和平时睡眠模式的差异不断增大, 睡眠持续时间短和日间困倦两大睡眠问题不断突出。与男生相 比,\u0000 女生的平时就寝时间和周末晨起时间更晚, 周末和平时的睡眠模式差异更大, 睡眠焦虑更加严重。\u0000 结论 上海市儿童 总体睡眠时间不足、就寝时间晚、平时和周末睡眠模式差异大、各种睡眠问题多。女生周末和平时睡眠模式差异大和睡眠 焦虑表现尤为严重。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122812827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.012
Yang Ning, Liu Chen, Liuyan Yang, Liu Xuening, Wu Lei, Wei Mingze
Objective To explore the effect of orienteering exercises on the improvement of children’s executive function, and to explore the relationship between executive function and orienteering intervention to provide theoretical support. Methods Forty children from the fourth grade of Zhonghai the First Experimental Primary School in Changchun City were selected as the experimental subjects, 20 as the experimental group (10 males, 10 females) and 20 as the control group (10 males, 10 females). The functional changes of executive function subfunctions (inhibitory function, conversion function, refresh function) before and after orienteering exercises intervention were measured by More-odd shifting, 1-back and Flanker. Results After intervention, the inhibitory function, conversion function and refresh function were significantly decreased in the experimental group (10.29±15.99, 295.19±189.76, 642.85±220.78)ms compared with before intervention (25.62±10.18, 616.04±287.92, 1 051.25±275.00)ms ( F = 12.52, 20.89, P<0.01), while there was no significant change in the control group ( P>0.05). In this study, neither gender main effect nor interaction between sex × group, sex × time and sex × time × group were found ( P>0.05). Conclusion Orienteering exercises can significantly improve children’s executive function, which are not vaired by sex. 【摘要】 目的 探讨定向运动练习对儿童执行功能的改善作用, 为揭示执行功能与定向运动干预之间的关系提供理论支 撑。 方法 选取长春市中海一实验小学四年级 40 名儿童为实验对象, 平均分为实验组 (男生 10 名, 女生 10 名) 和对照组 (男生 10 名, 女生 10 名)。利用儿童执行功能测试工具中 More-odd shifting、1-back 和 Flanker 任务分别测量运动干预前、后 儿童的抑制功能、转换功能和刷新功能等执行功能各子功能变化。 结果 干预后, 实验组抑制功能、转换功能和刷新功能 反应时 [(10.29±15.99) (295.19±189.76) (642.85±220.78) ms]与干预前[(25.62±10.18) (616.04±287.92) (1 051.25± 275.00)ms] 降低, 差异均有统计学意义 ( F 值分别为12.52,20.76,20.89, P 值均<0.01), 对照组反应时差异无统计学意义 ( P 值均>0.05)。交互作用结果显示, 既没有发现性别主效应, 也没有发现性别X组别、性别X时间和性别X时间X组别的交互作 用 ( P 值均>0.05)。 结论 定向运动练习对儿童执行功能具有显著提高作用, 且不随性别变化而变化。
{"title":"Effect of orienteering exercises on children’s executive function","authors":"Yang Ning, Liu Chen, Liuyan Yang, Liu Xuening, Wu Lei, Wei Mingze","doi":"10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16835/J.CNKI.1000-9817.2021.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore the effect of orienteering exercises on the improvement of children’s\u0000 executive function, and to explore the relationship between executive function and\u0000 orienteering intervention to provide theoretical support.\u0000 Methods Forty children from the fourth grade of Zhonghai the First Experimental Primary School\u0000 in Changchun City were selected as the experimental subjects, 20 as the experimental\u0000 group (10 males, 10 females) and 20 as the control group (10 males, 10 females). The\u0000 functional changes of executive function subfunctions (inhibitory function, conversion\u0000 function, refresh function) before and after orienteering exercises intervention were\u0000 measured by More-odd shifting, 1-back and Flanker.\u0000 Results After intervention, the inhibitory function, conversion function and refresh function\u0000 were significantly decreased in the experimental group (10.29±15.99, 295.19±189.76,\u0000 642.85±220.78)ms compared with before intervention (25.62±10.18, 616.04±287.92, 1\u0000 051.25±275.00)ms (\u0000 F = 12.52, 20.89, P<0.01), while there was no significant change in the control group (\u0000 P>0.05). In this study, neither gender main effect nor interaction between sex × group,\u0000 sex × time and sex × time × group were found (\u0000 P>0.05).\u0000 Conclusion Orienteering exercises can significantly improve children’s executive function, which\u0000 are not vaired by sex.\u0000 【摘要】 目的 探讨定向运动练习对儿童执行功能的改善作用, 为揭示执行功能与定向运动干预之间的关系提供理论支 撑。\u0000 方法 选取长春市中海一实验小学四年级 40 名儿童为实验对象, 平均分为实验组 (男生 10 名, 女生 10 名) 和对照组 (男生 10 名, 女生 10 名)。利用儿童执行功能测试工具中\u0000 More-odd shifting、1-back 和 Flanker 任务分别测量运动干预前、后 儿童的抑制功能、转换功能和刷新功能等执行功能各子功能变化。\u0000 结果 干预后, 实验组抑制功能、转换功能和刷新功能 反应时 [(10.29±15.99) (295.19±189.76) (642.85±220.78) ms]与干预前[(25.62±10.18)\u0000 (616.04±287.92) (1 051.25± 275.00)ms] 降低, 差异均有统计学意义 (\u0000 F 值分别为12.52,20.76,20.89, P 值均<0.01), 对照组反应时差异无统计学意义 (\u0000 P 值均>0.05)。交互作用结果显示, 既没有发现性别主效应, 也没有发现性别X组别、性别X时间和性别X时间X组别的交互作 用 (\u0000 P 值均>0.05)。\u0000 结论 定向运动练习对儿童执行功能具有显著提高作用, 且不随性别变化而变化。","PeriodicalId":106801,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of School Health","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121066443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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