Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622035
Sebastian Kaebisch, A. Schmitt, Martin Winter, J. Heuer
Huge investigations have to be made by car and power companies to realize the electro-mobility and the corresponding infrastructure. One of the critical challenges with respect to the infrastructure is the setup and deployment of a future-proof common standard for smart grids. The charging process requires a smooth communication between electrical vehicles, the power supply equipment and the smart grid. In this regard, different kind of charging locations, the charging characteristic as well as several vehicle to grid stakeholders have to be considered. This paper discusses the vehicle to grid integration and gives an overview of the current ongoing working assumption in the international joint ISO/IEC standardization of the vehicle to grid communication interface (V2G CI). Furthermore, the paper shows an approach how this communication interface can be integrated into the smart grid communication. First project results are presented demonstrating the successful implementation of this approach.
{"title":"Interconnections and Communications of Electric Vehicles and Smart Grids","authors":"Sebastian Kaebisch, A. Schmitt, Martin Winter, J. Heuer","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622035","url":null,"abstract":"Huge investigations have to be made by car and power companies to realize the electro-mobility and the corresponding infrastructure. One of the critical challenges with respect to the infrastructure is the setup and deployment of a future-proof common standard for smart grids. The charging process requires a smooth communication between electrical vehicles, the power supply equipment and the smart grid. In this regard, different kind of charging locations, the charging characteristic as well as several vehicle to grid stakeholders have to be considered. This paper discusses the vehicle to grid integration and gives an overview of the current ongoing working assumption in the international joint ISO/IEC standardization of the vehicle to grid communication interface (V2G CI). Furthermore, the paper shows an approach how this communication interface can be integrated into the smart grid communication. First project results are presented demonstrating the successful implementation of this approach.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128784840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622030
C. Kikkert
Many countries use Single Wire Earth Return Power (SWER) lines for providing power to customers in rural areas. These SWER lines can be up to 300 km long. For Smart Grid applications and power quality assurance on SWER lines, a communication system is required. Power Line Communications (PLC) signals in the 9 to 95 kHz CENELEC-A frequency band are the most economical means for providing this communication on SWER lines. To inject the PLC signals on the typical 19.1 kV SWER line, a low cost coupler is required. The behavior of SWER line power transformers at PLC frequencies is critical for the design of this coupling network. This paper describes the development of a wide frequency band model for SWER line power transformers and uses this model for the design of coupler networks. A novel technique is used to match the transformer model to measurements. This model matching technique and the resulting transformer model are also applicable to other power transformers.
{"title":"Modeling Power Transformers for the Design of SWER Line Coupling Networks.","authors":"C. Kikkert","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622030","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries use Single Wire Earth Return Power (SWER) lines for providing power to customers in rural areas. These SWER lines can be up to 300 km long. For Smart Grid applications and power quality assurance on SWER lines, a communication system is required. Power Line Communications (PLC) signals in the 9 to 95 kHz CENELEC-A frequency band are the most economical means for providing this communication on SWER lines. To inject the PLC signals on the typical 19.1 kV SWER line, a low cost coupler is required. The behavior of SWER line power transformers at PLC frequencies is critical for the design of this coupling network. This paper describes the development of a wide frequency band model for SWER line power transformers and uses this model for the design of coupler networks. A novel technique is used to match the transformer model to measurements. This model matching technique and the resulting transformer model are also applicable to other power transformers.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"87 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132737210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622011
M. Vaiman, M. Vaiman, S. Maslennikov, E. Litvinov, Xiaochuan Luo
This paper introduces the concept of the Region Of Stability Existence (ROSE) and describes the framework for utilizing PMU data for computing of this region and operational margins. The approach presented in this paper is an automated process to continuously monitoring the transmission system in real-time environment by accurately calculating power system stability margins. Voltage constraints, thermal limits and steady-state stability are simultaneously monitored during the analysis. The region is shown on the planes of two phase angles and real powers. The paper also demonstrates the effect of remedial actions on the region. The approach is illustrated by using the ISO New England's real-time model, SCADA data and PMU measurements. The study results show that this approach is effective in improving the reliability of the ISO New England's transmission network and may be used for preventing major blackouts.
{"title":"Calculation and Visualization of Power System Stability Margin Based on PMU Measurements","authors":"M. Vaiman, M. Vaiman, S. Maslennikov, E. Litvinov, Xiaochuan Luo","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622011","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the concept of the Region Of Stability Existence (ROSE) and describes the framework for utilizing PMU data for computing of this region and operational margins. The approach presented in this paper is an automated process to continuously monitoring the transmission system in real-time environment by accurately calculating power system stability margins. Voltage constraints, thermal limits and steady-state stability are simultaneously monitored during the analysis. The region is shown on the planes of two phase angles and real powers. The paper also demonstrates the effect of remedial actions on the region. The approach is illustrated by using the ISO New England's real-time model, SCADA data and PMU measurements. The study results show that this approach is effective in improving the reliability of the ISO New England's transmission network and may be used for preventing major blackouts.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133936084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622058
Maria Arenas-Martinez, Sergio Herrero-Lopez, Abel Sanchez, John R. Williams, P. Roth, P. Hofmann, A. Zeier
A number of governments and organizations around the world agree that the first step to address national and international problems such as energy independence, global warming or emergency resilience, is the redesign of electricity networks, known as Smart Grids. Typically, power grids have "broadcasted" power from generation plants to large population of consumers on a suboptimal way. Nevertheless, the fusion of energy delivery networks and digital information networks, along with the introduction of intelligent monitoring systems (Smart Meters) and renewable energies, would enable two- way electricity trading relationships between electricity suppliers and electricity consumers. The availability of real-time information on electricity demand and pricing, would enable suppliers optimizing their delivery systems, while consumers would have the means to minimize their bill by turning on appliances at off-peak hours. The construction of the Smart Grid entails the design and deployment of information networks and systems of unprecedented requirements on storage, real-time event processing and availability. In this paper, a series of system architectures to store and process Smart Meter reading data are explored and compared aiming to establish a solid foundation in which future intelligent systems could be supported.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Data Storage and Processing Architectures for the Smart Grid","authors":"Maria Arenas-Martinez, Sergio Herrero-Lopez, Abel Sanchez, John R. Williams, P. Roth, P. Hofmann, A. Zeier","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622058","url":null,"abstract":"A number of governments and organizations around the world agree that the first step to address national and international problems such as energy independence, global warming or emergency resilience, is the redesign of electricity networks, known as Smart Grids. Typically, power grids have \"broadcasted\" power from generation plants to large population of consumers on a suboptimal way. Nevertheless, the fusion of energy delivery networks and digital information networks, along with the introduction of intelligent monitoring systems (Smart Meters) and renewable energies, would enable two- way electricity trading relationships between electricity suppliers and electricity consumers. The availability of real-time information on electricity demand and pricing, would enable suppliers optimizing their delivery systems, while consumers would have the means to minimize their bill by turning on appliances at off-peak hours. The construction of the Smart Grid entails the design and deployment of information networks and systems of unprecedented requirements on storage, real-time event processing and availability. In this paper, a series of system architectures to store and process Smart Meter reading data are explored and compared aiming to establish a solid foundation in which future intelligent systems could be supported.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"600 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131886339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5621995
S. Gormus, P. Kulkarni, Z. Fan
There is a growing concern worldwide to reduce the carbon footprint through reducing reliance on fossil fuel based energy sources and improving energy efficiency. Fueled by this, the quest to enable a Smart Grid, which aims to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, match the demand to the available supply and improve energy efficiency is gaining momentum. One of the key components of the Smart Grid will be to level the load, i.e. the ability to shift the demand in time so as to match the available supply and in so doing improve utilisation of resources and reduce (ideally avoid) the reliance on environment unfriendly reserve sources of energy as much as possible. This paper discusses the challenges in achieving such load levelling and elaborates on how existing techniques from networking research could be potentially applied to solve these problems. The broader objective of this paper is to initiate discussion and encourage research in the areas highlighted.
{"title":"The POWER of Networking: How Networking Can Help Power Management","authors":"S. Gormus, P. Kulkarni, Z. Fan","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5621995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5621995","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing concern worldwide to reduce the carbon footprint through reducing reliance on fossil fuel based energy sources and improving energy efficiency. Fueled by this, the quest to enable a Smart Grid, which aims to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, match the demand to the available supply and improve energy efficiency is gaining momentum. One of the key components of the Smart Grid will be to level the load, i.e. the ability to shift the demand in time so as to match the available supply and in so doing improve utilisation of resources and reduce (ideally avoid) the reliance on environment unfriendly reserve sources of energy as much as possible. This paper discusses the challenges in achieving such load levelling and elaborates on how existing techniques from networking research could be potentially applied to solve these problems. The broader objective of this paper is to initiate discussion and encourage research in the areas highlighted.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115726883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622077
Pedram Samadi, Amir-Hamed Mohsenian-Rad, R. Schober, V. Wong, J. Jatskevich
In this paper, we consider a smart power infrastructure, where several subscribers share a common energy source. Each subscriber is equipped with an energy consumption controller (ECC) unit as part of its smart meter. Each smart meter is connected to not only the power grid but also a communication infrastructure such as a local area network. This allows two-way communication among smart meters. Considering the importance of energy pricing as an essential tool to develop efficient demand side management strategies, we propose a novel real-time pricing algorithm for the future smart grid. We focus on the interactions between the smart meters and the energy provider through the exchange of control messages which contain subscribers' energy consumption and the real-time price information. First, we analytically model the subscribers' preferences and their energy consumption patterns in form of carefully selected utility functions based on concepts from microeconomics. Second, we propose a distributed algorithm which automatically manages the interactions among the ECC units at the smart meters and the energy provider. The algorithm finds the optimal energy consumption levels for each subscriber to maximize the aggregate utility of all subscribers in the system in a fair and efficient fashion. Finally, we show that the energy provider can encourage some desirable consumption patterns among the subscribers by means of the proposed real-time pricing interactions. Simulation results confirm that the proposed distributed algorithm can potentially benefit both subscribers and the energy provider.
{"title":"Optimal Real-Time Pricing Algorithm Based on Utility Maximization for Smart Grid","authors":"Pedram Samadi, Amir-Hamed Mohsenian-Rad, R. Schober, V. Wong, J. Jatskevich","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622077","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider a smart power infrastructure, where several subscribers share a common energy source. Each subscriber is equipped with an energy consumption controller (ECC) unit as part of its smart meter. Each smart meter is connected to not only the power grid but also a communication infrastructure such as a local area network. This allows two-way communication among smart meters. Considering the importance of energy pricing as an essential tool to develop efficient demand side management strategies, we propose a novel real-time pricing algorithm for the future smart grid. We focus on the interactions between the smart meters and the energy provider through the exchange of control messages which contain subscribers' energy consumption and the real-time price information. First, we analytically model the subscribers' preferences and their energy consumption patterns in form of carefully selected utility functions based on concepts from microeconomics. Second, we propose a distributed algorithm which automatically manages the interactions among the ECC units at the smart meters and the energy provider. The algorithm finds the optimal energy consumption levels for each subscriber to maximize the aggregate utility of all subscribers in the system in a fair and efficient fashion. Finally, we show that the energy provider can encourage some desirable consumption patterns among the subscribers by means of the proposed real-time pricing interactions. Simulation results confirm that the proposed distributed algorithm can potentially benefit both subscribers and the energy provider.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131583091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5621999
S. Rohjans, M. Uslar, R. Bleiker, José González, Michael Specht, Thomas Suding, Tobias Weidelt
Currently, several smart grid efforts in US and Europe are gaining momentum. Even if there are different focuses in US and Europe on what is known as the smart grid, all agree on the fact, that standardization is a key issue. Hence, a lot of studies and roadmaps pick standardization in the context of smart grids out as a central theme. The various approaches are concentrating on different core areas, depending on the circumstances in which they were elaborated. However, no overview aligning these approaches exists. This contribution takes all relevant approaches up to now into account, which give concrete recommendations for smart grid standards. The approaches will be aligned, and a set of core standards will be identified to point out the most important fields for future research and development. Furthermore, the IEC TC 57 Seamless Integration Architecture SIA will be introduced and extended by future standards, which were identified as core standards and existing work not yet included in the SIA.
{"title":"Survey of Smart Grid Standardization Studies and Recommendations","authors":"S. Rohjans, M. Uslar, R. Bleiker, José González, Michael Specht, Thomas Suding, Tobias Weidelt","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5621999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5621999","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, several smart grid efforts in US and Europe are gaining momentum. Even if there are different focuses in US and Europe on what is known as the smart grid, all agree on the fact, that standardization is a key issue. Hence, a lot of studies and roadmaps pick standardization in the context of smart grids out as a central theme. The various approaches are concentrating on different core areas, depending on the circumstances in which they were elaborated. However, no overview aligning these approaches exists. This contribution takes all relevant approaches up to now into account, which give concrete recommendations for smart grid standards. The approaches will be aligned, and a set of core standards will be identified to point out the most important fields for future research and development. Furthermore, the IEC TC 57 Seamless Integration Architecture SIA will be introduced and extended by future standards, which were identified as core standards and existing work not yet included in the SIA.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134324022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622024
K. M. Liyanage, A. Yokoyama, Y. Ota, T. Nakajima, H. Taniguchi
The power outputs of non-conventional renewable sources are random and intermittent in nature. The integration of such sources in large numbers into existing power networks in the future could make the reliable and stable operation of power systems highly challenging. In this paper, the performance of a method based on balancing active power near real time, to reduce power fluctuations produced by renewable sources, is presented. The ability to exchange timely information and availability of adequate energy storage capacity are vital factors that determine the effectiveness of this method. Hence the performance, under varying communication delay and V2G vehicle pool size, of this method was evaluated by the authors. Three indices were defined and used to measure performance. The frequency of power balancing process was also varied during the study to accommodate longer information exchange delays. Results reveal that performance improves as communication delay and the period of control cycle are shortened. It was also observed that beyond a certain size of V2G pool, performance improvement reaches saturation. This indicates that, for a given system, there is a minimum V2G pool size requirement for studied method to deliver peak performance.
{"title":"Impacts of Communication Delay on the Performance of a Control Scheme to Minimize Power Fluctuations Introduced by Renewable Generation under Varying V2G Vehicle Pool Size","authors":"K. M. Liyanage, A. Yokoyama, Y. Ota, T. Nakajima, H. Taniguchi","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622024","url":null,"abstract":"The power outputs of non-conventional renewable sources are random and intermittent in nature. The integration of such sources in large numbers into existing power networks in the future could make the reliable and stable operation of power systems highly challenging. In this paper, the performance of a method based on balancing active power near real time, to reduce power fluctuations produced by renewable sources, is presented. The ability to exchange timely information and availability of adequate energy storage capacity are vital factors that determine the effectiveness of this method. Hence the performance, under varying communication delay and V2G vehicle pool size, of this method was evaluated by the authors. Three indices were defined and used to measure performance. The frequency of power balancing process was also varied during the study to accommodate longer information exchange delays. Results reveal that performance improves as communication delay and the period of control cycle are shortened. It was also observed that beyond a certain size of V2G pool, performance improvement reaches saturation. This indicates that, for a given system, there is a minimum V2G pool size requirement for studied method to deliver peak performance.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"21 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134413253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622041
José Araújo, Yassine Ariba, P. Park, H. Sandberg, K. Johansson
Wireless Sensor Networks and Control Systems are an essential part of the Smart Grid. We consider the problem of performing control over large complex networked systems with packet drops. More specifically, we are interested in improving the performance of the regulation of control loops when the communication is made over low-cost wireless networks. In control over wireless networks it is common to use Contention-Free (CF) schemes where no losses occur with the price of low scalability and complicated scheduling policies. In this work we propose a hybrid MAC and control architecture, where a small number of control loops with high demand of attention are scheduled in a CF scheme and well regulated loops are scheduled in a lossy, asynchronous and highly scalable, Contention-Access (CA) scheme. We model and analyze the performance of such system with Markov Jump Linear System (MJLS) tools and compare it with other architecture types. Performance is evaluated using a quadratic cost function of the state.
无线传感器网络和控制系统是智能电网的重要组成部分。我们考虑对具有丢包的大型复杂网络系统进行控制的问题。更具体地说，我们感兴趣的是在低成本无线网络上进行通信时提高控制回路的调节性能。在对无线网络的控制中，通常使用无争用(CF)方案，这种方案不会发生损失，但代价是低可伸缩性和复杂的调度策略。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种混合MAC和控制架构，其中在CF方案中调度少量具有高关注需求的控制环路，而在损耗，异步和高度可扩展的争用访问(CA)方案中调度良好的调控环路。我们用Markov Jump Linear system (MJLS)工具对该系统的性能进行建模和分析，并将其与其他架构类型进行比较。使用状态的二次代价函数来评估性能。
{"title":"Control over a Hybrid MAC Wireless Network","authors":"José Araújo, Yassine Ariba, P. Park, H. Sandberg, K. Johansson","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622041","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks and Control Systems are an essential part of the Smart Grid. We consider the problem of performing control over large complex networked systems with packet drops. More specifically, we are interested in improving the performance of the regulation of control loops when the communication is made over low-cost wireless networks. In control over wireless networks it is common to use Contention-Free (CF) schemes where no losses occur with the price of low scalability and complicated scheduling policies. In this work we propose a hybrid MAC and control architecture, where a small number of control loops with high demand of attention are scheduled in a CF scheme and well regulated loops are scheduled in a lossy, asynchronous and highly scalable, Contention-Access (CA) scheme. We model and analyze the performance of such system with Markov Jump Linear System (MJLS) tools and compare it with other architecture types. Performance is evaluated using a quadratic cost function of the state.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117239166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622071
Bill Lichtensteiger, B. Bjelajac, Christian M. Mueller, C. Wietfeld
This paper describes the system architecture and the performance evaluation of a Radio Frequency (RF) mesh based system for smart energy management applications in the Neighborhood Area Network (NAN). The RF mesh system presented in this paper leverages the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band at 902-928 MHz and is based on frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS). The performance evaluation is based on a geographical model of the deployment scenario and implements geographical routing combined with appropriate radio propagation models. The results show that the system is able to handle Smart Metering communication traffic with a high reliability provided potential coverage gaps are properly filled with repeater nodes. The proposed methodology allows the identification of coverage gaps, which may cause bottlenecks in the network, prior to deployment and therefore supports efficient and reliable deployment and operation of the system.
{"title":"RF Mesh Systems for Smart Metering: System Architecture and Performance","authors":"Bill Lichtensteiger, B. Bjelajac, Christian M. Mueller, C. Wietfeld","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622071","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the system architecture and the performance evaluation of a Radio Frequency (RF) mesh based system for smart energy management applications in the Neighborhood Area Network (NAN). The RF mesh system presented in this paper leverages the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band at 902-928 MHz and is based on frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS). The performance evaluation is based on a geographical model of the deployment scenario and implements geographical routing combined with appropriate radio propagation models. The results show that the system is able to handle Smart Metering communication traffic with a high reliability provided potential coverage gaps are properly filled with repeater nodes. The proposed methodology allows the identification of coverage gaps, which may cause bottlenecks in the network, prior to deployment and therefore supports efficient and reliable deployment and operation of the system.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"48 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123628433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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