Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622050
Costas Efthymiou, G. Kalogridis
The security and privacy of future smart grid and smart metering networks is important to their rollout and eventual acceptance by the public: research in this area is ongoing and smart meter users will need to be reassured that their data is secure. This paper describes a method for securely anonymizing frequent (for example, every few minutes) electrical metering data sent by a smart meter. Although such frequent metering data may be required by a utility or electrical energy distribution network for operational reasons, this data may not necessarily need to be attributable to a specific smart meter or consumer. It does, however, need to be securely attributable to a specific location (e.g. a group of houses or apartments) within the electricity distribution network. The method described in this paper provides a 3rd party escrow mechanism for authenticated anonymous meter readings which are difficult to associate with a particular smart meter or customer. This method does not preclude the provision of attributable metering data that is required for other purposes such as billing, account management or marketing research purposes.
{"title":"Smart Grid Privacy via Anonymization of Smart Metering Data","authors":"Costas Efthymiou, G. Kalogridis","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622050","url":null,"abstract":"The security and privacy of future smart grid and smart metering networks is important to their rollout and eventual acceptance by the public: research in this area is ongoing and smart meter users will need to be reassured that their data is secure. This paper describes a method for securely anonymizing frequent (for example, every few minutes) electrical metering data sent by a smart meter. Although such frequent metering data may be required by a utility or electrical energy distribution network for operational reasons, this data may not necessarily need to be attributable to a specific smart meter or consumer. It does, however, need to be securely attributable to a specific location (e.g. a group of houses or apartments) within the electricity distribution network. The method described in this paper provides a 3rd party escrow mechanism for authenticated anonymous meter readings which are difficult to associate with a particular smart meter or customer. This method does not preclude the provision of attributable metering data that is required for other purposes such as billing, account management or marketing research purposes.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129795163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622042
Husheng Li, L. Lai, R. Qiu
Secure system state estimation is an important issue in smart grid to assure the reliability and security. In this paper, the case of a single observation station and Gaussian noise communication channel with an eavesdropper is considered. The channel capacity requirement is studied from the information theoretic perspective. The smart grid is modeled as a linear dynamic system. Then, the channel capacity requirement is studied for the state estimation of general linear dynamic systems and then applied in the system state estimation in smart grid. Numerical simulations are used to evaluate the capacity requirement in typical configurations of smart grid.
{"title":"Communication Capacity Requirement for Reliable and Secure State Estimation in Smart Grid","authors":"Husheng Li, L. Lai, R. Qiu","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622042","url":null,"abstract":"Secure system state estimation is an important issue in smart grid to assure the reliability and security. In this paper, the case of a single observation station and Gaussian noise communication channel with an eavesdropper is considered. The channel capacity requirement is studied from the information theoretic perspective. The smart grid is modeled as a linear dynamic system. Then, the channel capacity requirement is studied for the state estimation of general linear dynamic systems and then applied in the system state estimation in smart grid. Numerical simulations are used to evaluate the capacity requirement in typical configurations of smart grid.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130471489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622017
R. Santodomingo, J. A. Rodriguez-Mondejar, M. A. Sanz-Bobi
The harmonization of CIM (IEC 61968/61970) and IEC 61850 standards is a major issue in the interoperability between smart grid devices, systems and applications. This paper describes how Ontology Matching methods, mainly developed for the Semantic Web, can be employed to solve the problems or mismatches that appear in this harmonization. The paper also includes a description of the ESODAT software tool, which processes OWL alignments to translate configuration files from one of the standards (CIM or IEC 61850) to the other one. The tests carried out with this tool proved its ability to solve mismatches that appear in the state of the art. Besides, the solution proposed in this work is based on open source resources and does not require any modification of the original standards.
{"title":"Ontology Matching Approach to the Harmonization of CIM and IEC 61850 Standards","authors":"R. Santodomingo, J. A. Rodriguez-Mondejar, M. A. Sanz-Bobi","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622017","url":null,"abstract":"The harmonization of CIM (IEC 61968/61970) and IEC 61850 standards is a major issue in the interoperability between smart grid devices, systems and applications. This paper describes how Ontology Matching methods, mainly developed for the Semantic Web, can be employed to solve the problems or mismatches that appear in this harmonization. The paper also includes a description of the ESODAT software tool, which processes OWL alignments to translate configuration files from one of the standards (CIM or IEC 61850) to the other one. The tests carried out with this tool proved its ability to solve mismatches that appear in the state of the art. Besides, the solution proposed in this work is based on open source resources and does not require any modification of the original standards.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128485479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622031
M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, S. Sternfeld, B. Fardanesh, B. Clowe, P. Myrda
The paper focuses on deployment challenges for automated substation data analysis solutions. Through examples from recent deployment projects, the paper discusses the fact that both the utilities and suppliers are dealing with a set of requirements defined as a compromise between the needs of variety of in-house stakeholders. These requirements are prone to changes and that itself is one of the biggest challenges. In addition, the deployment is almost always faced with unexpected challenges from the production environment itself. The paper illustrates a gradual step-by-step approach from a solution demonstration to the production deployment. The first part focuses on the solution that analyzes digital fault recorder and digital protective relay data. In-house testing with both simulated data and with the data obtained from the field is discussed. The second part of the paper discuses implementation and deployment of a new circuit breaker recorder aimed at on-line monitoring circuit breaker operations.
{"title":"Substation Automated Data Analysis: Deployment Challenges","authors":"M. Kezunovic, T. Popovic, S. Sternfeld, B. Fardanesh, B. Clowe, P. Myrda","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622031","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on deployment challenges for automated substation data analysis solutions. Through examples from recent deployment projects, the paper discusses the fact that both the utilities and suppliers are dealing with a set of requirements defined as a compromise between the needs of variety of in-house stakeholders. These requirements are prone to changes and that itself is one of the biggest challenges. In addition, the deployment is almost always faced with unexpected challenges from the production environment itself. The paper illustrates a gradual step-by-step approach from a solution demonstration to the production deployment. The first part focuses on the solution that analyzes digital fault recorder and digital protective relay data. In-house testing with both simulated data and with the data obtained from the field is discussed. The second part of the paper discuses implementation and deployment of a new circuit breaker recorder aimed at on-line monitoring circuit breaker operations.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121471802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622092
Jim Mcghee, M. Goraj
This paper describes the experience from the world first installation of Smart High Voltage substation with IEC 61850 Process Bus where IEEE 1588 Time Synchronization and dynamic multicast filtering have been used. IEC 61850 is one the 30 standards identified by NIST as key elements for achieving interoperability in the Smart Grid. This paper describes the experience from a high voltage substation in China where Smart Grid had been made reality by replacing large number of copper wires by intelligent electronic devices and fiber optic communications and enabling robust protection, monitoring and control functions to enhance the grid reliability. The authors provide brief introduction to the concept of digital substation and process bus, then provide overview of IEEE 1588 standard for precise time synchronization and finally describe the details of network design and IEC 61850 engineering in a substation where the novel approach with process bus and IEEE 1588 has been implemented. Part of this 110/10kV substation had been equipped with electronic CTs and PTs and Merging Units devices that convert analog signals to IEC 61850-9-2 digital format. Time synchronization had been realized with IEEE 1588 version II, implemented features regarding this standard included Transparent Clocks, peer-to-peer path delay measurement and Best Master Clock selection algorithm for dynamic selection of the clock.
{"title":"Smart High Voltage Substation Based on IEC 61850 Process Bus and IEEE 1588 Time Synchronization","authors":"Jim Mcghee, M. Goraj","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622092","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the experience from the world first installation of Smart High Voltage substation with IEC 61850 Process Bus where IEEE 1588 Time Synchronization and dynamic multicast filtering have been used. IEC 61850 is one the 30 standards identified by NIST as key elements for achieving interoperability in the Smart Grid. This paper describes the experience from a high voltage substation in China where Smart Grid had been made reality by replacing large number of copper wires by intelligent electronic devices and fiber optic communications and enabling robust protection, monitoring and control functions to enhance the grid reliability. The authors provide brief introduction to the concept of digital substation and process bus, then provide overview of IEEE 1588 standard for precise time synchronization and finally describe the details of network design and IEC 61850 engineering in a substation where the novel approach with process bus and IEEE 1588 has been implemented. Part of this 110/10kV substation had been equipped with electronic CTs and PTs and Merging Units devices that convert analog signals to IEC 61850-9-2 digital format. Time synchronization had been realized with IEEE 1588 version II, implemented features regarding this standard included Transparent Clocks, peer-to-peer path delay measurement and Best Master Clock selection algorithm for dynamic selection of the clock.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122449459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622067
M. Souryal, C. Gentile, D. Griffith, D. Cypher, N. Golmie
This paper presents a methodology for assessing the suitability of various wireless technologies for meeting the communication requirements of Smart Grid applications. It describes an approach for translating application requirements to link traffic characteristics, determining the transmission range or coverage area of a wireless technology, and modeling the link layer to obtain performance measures such as message reliability, delay, and throughput. To illustrate the use of this approach, we analyze the performance of three representative application use cases over an IEEE 802.11 link.
{"title":"A Methodology to Evaluate Wireless Technologies for the Smart Grid","authors":"M. Souryal, C. Gentile, D. Griffith, D. Cypher, N. Golmie","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622067","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology for assessing the suitability of various wireless technologies for meeting the communication requirements of Smart Grid applications. It describes an approach for translating application requirements to link traffic characteristics, determining the transmission range or coverage area of a wireless technology, and modeling the link layer to obtain performance measures such as message reliability, delay, and throughput. To illustrate the use of this approach, we analyze the performance of three representative application use cases over an IEEE 802.11 link.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"779 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122993294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622051
S. Garlapati, Hua Lin, S. Sambamoorthy, S. Shukla, J. Thorp
In this paper, we propose a distributed agent based supervisory scheme to make Zone 3 relays robust to hidden failure induced tripping, facilitated by the communication network -- soon to become an integral parts of the smart grid. Possible elimination of Zone 3 relays (remote backup protection) has been studied in the recent past and these remote backup relays have been adjudged to be essential for power system protection [23]. Even though Zone 3 relays are often overly sensitive to remote line overloading, and are known to cause unwarranted trips during cascading failure scenarios, they are prescribed as acceptable means for remote backup. Therefore, providing robustness to Zone 3 relays to minimize the risk of erroneous trips, especially when hidden failures [10, 1] make them vulnerable to over reaction, is an important problem. In our scheme, a synchronous grid is populated with agents at each relay, and an agent hierarchy is maintained in master/slave relationship. The communication established between relay agents decreases the probability of erroneous Zone 3 trips thereby preventing them from aggravating cascading failure scenarios, and reducing the probability of cascading blackouts. Unlike other agent based relay proposals, ours is a nonintrusive approach.
{"title":"Agent Based Supervision of Zone 3 Relays to Prevent Hidden Failure Based Tripping","authors":"S. Garlapati, Hua Lin, S. Sambamoorthy, S. Shukla, J. Thorp","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622051","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a distributed agent based supervisory scheme to make Zone 3 relays robust to hidden failure induced tripping, facilitated by the communication network -- soon to become an integral parts of the smart grid. Possible elimination of Zone 3 relays (remote backup protection) has been studied in the recent past and these remote backup relays have been adjudged to be essential for power system protection [23]. Even though Zone 3 relays are often overly sensitive to remote line overloading, and are known to cause unwarranted trips during cascading failure scenarios, they are prescribed as acceptable means for remote backup. Therefore, providing robustness to Zone 3 relays to minimize the risk of erroneous trips, especially when hidden failures [10, 1] make them vulnerable to over reaction, is an important problem. In our scheme, a synchronous grid is populated with agents at each relay, and an agent hierarchy is maintained in master/slave relationship. The communication established between relay agents decreases the probability of erroneous Zone 3 trips thereby preventing them from aggravating cascading failure scenarios, and reducing the probability of cascading blackouts. Unlike other agent based relay proposals, ours is a nonintrusive approach.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"12 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127819596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622056
M. Biagi, L. Lampe
Smart Grid collectively refers to various visions of how energy generation, distribution, and consumption should be managed to overcome many of the shortcomings of today's electricity grids and to sustain our ever more electricity dependent societies. One important enabling component of Smart Grid will be a fine-grained and reliable communications infrastructure that links together the many elements of the grid. Since by definition all these elements are connected to power lines, power line communications (PLC) technology is a natural candidate to build parts of such an infrastructure. In this paper, we consider the use of PLC in low- and medium-voltage distribution grids to connect network nodes (e.g., meters, actuators, sensors) through multihop transmission. In particular, we address the problem of routing of unicast messages making use of the stationarity of nodes. To this end, we motivate and investigate the application of geographic routing protocols and gauge their performance with respect to energy consumption and transmission delay.
{"title":"Location Assisted Routing Techniques for Power Line Communication in Smart Grids","authors":"M. Biagi, L. Lampe","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622056","url":null,"abstract":"Smart Grid collectively refers to various visions of how energy generation, distribution, and consumption should be managed to overcome many of the shortcomings of today's electricity grids and to sustain our ever more electricity dependent societies. One important enabling component of Smart Grid will be a fine-grained and reliable communications infrastructure that links together the many elements of the grid. Since by definition all these elements are connected to power lines, power line communications (PLC) technology is a natural candidate to build parts of such an infrastructure. In this paper, we consider the use of PLC in low- and medium-voltage distribution grids to connect network nodes (e.g., meters, actuators, sensors) through multihop transmission. In particular, we address the problem of routing of unicast messages making use of the stationarity of nodes. To this end, we motivate and investigate the application of geographic routing protocols and gauge their performance with respect to energy consumption and transmission delay.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126492987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622063
A. Bartoli, J. Hernández-Serrano, Miguel Soriano, M. Dohler, A. Kountouris, Dominique Barthel
Whilst security is generally perceived as an important constituent of communication systems, this paper offers a viable security-communication-tradeoff particularly tailored to Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMIs) in Smart Grid systems. These systems, often composed of embedded nodes with highly constrained resources, require e.g.~metering data to be delivered efficiently whilst neither jeopardizing communication nor security. Data aggregation is a natural choice in such settings, where the challenge is to facilitate per-hop as well as end-to-end security. The prime contribution of this paper is to propose a secure aggregation protocol that meets the requirements of Smart Grids, and to analyze its efficiency considering various system configurations as well as the impact of the wireless channel through packet error rates. Relying on analysis and corroborative simulations, unprecedented design guidelines are derived which determine the operational point beyond which aggregation is useful as well quantifying the superiority of our protocol w.r.t. non-aggregated solutions.
{"title":"Secure Lossless Aggregation for Smart Grid M2M Networks","authors":"A. Bartoli, J. Hernández-Serrano, Miguel Soriano, M. Dohler, A. Kountouris, Dominique Barthel","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622063","url":null,"abstract":"Whilst security is generally perceived as an important constituent of communication systems, this paper offers a viable security-communication-tradeoff particularly tailored to Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMIs) in Smart Grid systems. These systems, often composed of embedded nodes with highly constrained resources, require e.g.~metering data to be delivered efficiently whilst neither jeopardizing communication nor security. Data aggregation is a natural choice in such settings, where the challenge is to facilitate per-hop as well as end-to-end security. The prime contribution of this paper is to propose a secure aggregation protocol that meets the requirements of Smart Grids, and to analyze its efficiency considering various system configurations as well as the impact of the wireless channel through packet error rates. Relying on analysis and corroborative simulations, unprecedented design guidelines are derived which determine the operational point beyond which aggregation is useful as well quantifying the superiority of our protocol w.r.t. non-aggregated solutions.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"55 26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122581307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622080
S. Hatami, Massoud Pedram
Dynamic energy pricing is a promising development that addresses the concern of finding an environmentally friendly solution to meeting energy needs of customers while minimizing their electrical energy bill. In this paper, we mathematically formulate the electrical energy bill minimization problem for cooperative networked consumers who have a single energy bill, such as those working in a commercial/industrial building. The idea is to schedule user requests for appliance use at different times during a fixed interval based on dynamic energy prices during that interval. Two different methods are presented to minimize the energy cost of such users under non-interruptible or interruptible jobs. The methods relay on a quasi-dynamic pricing function for unit of energy consumed, which comprises of a base price and a penalty term. The methods minimize the energy cost of the users while meeting all the scheduling constraints and heeding the pricing function. The proposed methods result in significant savings in the energy bill under different usage pricing, and scheduling constraints.
{"title":"Minimizing the Electricity Bill of Cooperative Users under a Quasi-Dynamic Pricing Model","authors":"S. Hatami, Massoud Pedram","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622080","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic energy pricing is a promising development that addresses the concern of finding an environmentally friendly solution to meeting energy needs of customers while minimizing their electrical energy bill. In this paper, we mathematically formulate the electrical energy bill minimization problem for cooperative networked consumers who have a single energy bill, such as those working in a commercial/industrial building. The idea is to schedule user requests for appliance use at different times during a fixed interval based on dynamic energy prices during that interval. Two different methods are presented to minimize the energy cost of such users under non-interruptible or interruptible jobs. The methods relay on a quasi-dynamic pricing function for unit of energy consumed, which comprises of a base price and a penalty term. The methods minimize the energy cost of the users while meeting all the scheduling constraints and heeding the pricing function. The proposed methods result in significant savings in the energy bill under different usage pricing, and scheduling constraints.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129208187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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