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Artificial neural network modelling to predict the efficiency of aluminium sacrificial anode 基于人工神经网络的铝牺牲阳极效率预测
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2252258
Amir Rezaei
ABSTRACT Study explores the potential of a deep learning-based approach for predicting the current efficiency of aluminium sacrificial anodes in marine environments. The model takes into account various input variables, including the chemical composition of the sacrificial anode, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, pressure, cathode electrode, current density, and the ratio of the surface area of the cathode to anode, with the anode current efficiency serving as the output variable. Utilising artificial neural networks in this study shows a mean absolute percentage error of 6.4% and 7.8% for the training and validation for predicting the current efficiency. The proposed model shows promising potential to predict the current efficiency of aluminium sacrificial anodes and improve the design of cathodic protection systems based on aluminium sacrificial anodes.
摘要研究探索了一种基于深度学习的方法在预测海洋环境中铝牺牲阳极电流效率方面的潜力。该模型考虑了各种输入变量,包括牺牲阳极的化学成分、pH、溶解氧(DO)、温度、压力、阴极电极、电流密度和阴极与阳极的表面积比,阳极电流效率作为输出变量。在本研究中使用人工神经网络显示,预测当前效率的训练和验证的平均绝对百分比误差分别为6.4%和7.8%。该模型在预测铝牺牲阳极电流效率和改进基于铝牺牲阳极的阴极保护系统设计方面显示出良好的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A new approach in top-of-line corrosion studies in CO2/H2S environment CO2/H2S环境下管线顶部腐蚀研究的一种新方法
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2250156
J. Neshati, M. Saremi, G. Mashhadi
ABSTRACT The most common way to control Top of line Corrosion (TLC) is to use corrosion inhibitors. A setup was designed to simulate the TLC conditions and measure the corrosion rate in the presence of an Imidazoline-based commercial inhibitor. The base solution was at temperature 70°C and the samples X65 steel were at 5°C and 20°C. Experiments were carried out in atmospheric conditions by purging a mixture of CO2 and H2S gases in proportions of 21% and 79%, respectively. An increase in the TLC rate was measured when the sample temperature increased. The difference between the average corrosion rate measured by weight loss and the instantaneous resulting from Tafel and linear polarisation resistance was significant in this study. Results showed that the surface temperature of the sample has a significant effect on TLC. Although the condensation rate on X65 steel sample with surface temperature of 5°C was about ten times more at 20°C, the corrosion rate was more at higher temperatures.
摘要控制线路顶部腐蚀(TLC)最常见的方法是使用缓蚀剂。设计了一个装置来模拟TLC条件,并测量咪唑啉基商业抑制剂存在下的腐蚀速率。基础溶液的温度为70°C,X65钢样品的温度分别为5°C和20°C。通过分别以21%和79%的比例吹扫CO2和H2S气体的混合物在大气条件下进行实验。当样品温度升高时,测量到TLC速率的增加。在本研究中,通过重量损失测量的平均腐蚀速率与由Tafel和线性极化电阻产生的瞬时腐蚀速率之间的差异是显著的。结果表明,样品表面温度对薄层色谱有显著影响。虽然表面温度为5°C的X65钢样品在20°C时的冷凝率约为其10倍,但在更高的温度下腐蚀率更高。
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引用次数: 0
Long-term corrosion of abandoned offshore steel infrastructure 废弃的海上钢铁基础设施长期腐蚀
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2248710
R. Melchers, M. Tan
ABSTRACT A common practice in the offshore oil and gas (O&G) industry is to leave abandoned decommissioned pipelines and other steel infrastructure on the seafloor. Decisions about long-term environmental and other impacts and about the possibility of recovery require estimates of the likely long-term rate of deterioration, including corrosion loss and pit depth. These are considered as functions of time and environmental conditions including seawater temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, seawater velocity, water pollution, microbiological activity, water depth, calcareous deposition and the effect of burial, all interpreted using established physico-chemical behaviour relevant for long-term exposures. Data for exposures up to some 600 years in seawaters are reviewed. Remaining research gaps and future perspectives of marine corrosion control are briefly discussed. Specific attention is given, by way of an example, to the influence on long-term durability of protective coatings and remnant cathodic protection, both areas in which further research is required.
摘要海上石油和天然气行业的一种常见做法是将废弃的退役管道和其他钢铁基础设施留在海底。关于长期环境和其他影响以及恢复可能性的决策需要估计可能的长期恶化率,包括腐蚀损失和凹坑深度。这些被认为是时间和环境条件的函数,包括海水温度、溶解氧浓度、盐度、海水速度、水污染、微生物活动、水深、钙质沉积和埋藏的影响,所有这些都是利用与长期暴露相关的既定物理化学行为来解释的。对海水中长达600年的暴露数据进行了审查。简要讨论了海洋腐蚀控制的剩余研究空白和未来展望。举例说明了对保护涂层和残余阴极保护的长期耐久性的影响,这两个领域都需要进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of pH on corrosion behaviour of CoCrNi MEA imposed by alternating current in Na2CO3/NaHCO3 solution pH对CoCrNi MEA在Na2CO3/NaHCO3溶液中交流腐蚀行为的影响
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2247883
Chenglong Zhang, M. Zhu, Yongfeng Yuan, Shao-yi Guo, G. Wei
ABSTRACT The corrosion behaviour and mechanism of CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA) imposed by alternating current (AC) in HCO3 −/CO3 2− solution with various pH were systematically investigated via a series of corrosion tests. The results showed that with the augment of pH value, the polarisation resistance of the MEA decreased significantly, Ep shifted negatively, and ipI value increased, as well as corrosion rate was enhanced, revealing that the corrosion resistance was weakened. As solution pH increased, the formation of secondary passivation zone became easier, which may be attributed to the reaction conversion process of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) species. Moreover, the increase in pH led to an increase in defect density and a thinning of passivation film, facilitating the corrosion of the MEA. AC interference accelerated the ion exchange process and promoted the formation possibility of stable pitting. Higher iAC and pH inhibited the repassivation of metastable pitting, and increased the pitting susceptibility. Highlights The effect of pH on the corrosion behaviour of CoCrNi MEA with imposed AC was clarified. High pH and iAC accelerated the nucleation and growth of metastable pits. With increased pH and iAC, the stability and protective ability of passive film were weakened. The secondary passivation of the MEA was mainly due to the conversion of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) species. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
通过一系列腐蚀试验,系统地研究了交流(AC)对CoCrNi中熵合金(MEA)在不同pH的HCO3−/CO3−溶液中的腐蚀行为和机理。结果表明,随着pH值的增加,MEA的极化电阻显著降低,Ep负移,ipI值增加,腐蚀速率提高,表明MEA的耐腐蚀性减弱。随着溶液pH的增加,二次钝化区的形成变得更容易,这可能归因于Cr(III)向Cr(VI)物种的反应转化过程。此外,pH的增加导致缺陷密度的增加和钝化膜的变薄,促进了MEA的腐蚀。交流干扰加速了离子交换过程,促进了稳定点蚀的形成。较高的iAC和pH抑制了亚稳态点蚀的再钝化,并增加了点蚀敏感性。重点阐明了pH对CoCrNi MEA在外加AC下腐蚀行为的影响。高pH和iAC加速了亚稳凹坑的形核和生长。随着pH和iAC的增加,钝化膜的稳定性和保护能力减弱。MEA的二次钝化主要是由于Cr(III)向Cr(VI)物种的转化。图形摘要
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引用次数: 0
Methodology for ranking internal corrosion-induced leakage susceptibility in oilfield pipelines 油田管道内腐蚀泄漏敏感性排序方法
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2244234
O. Olabisi, Amer Jarragh
ABSTRACT This investigation focuses on the ranking of pipeline leakage susceptibility of two categories of pipeline systems. One consists of three oilfield water-handling pipeline systems and the other consists of five dry crude systems. Online corrosion monitoring (OCM) method was used for both systems, forthermore, in-line inspection (ILI) method, with Magnetic Flux leakage (MFL) tool, was also used for the dry crude systems. The OCM leakage susceptibility potential is derived from the combined severity of general corrosion, pitting corrosion, fluid corrosivity and sessile bacteria population density in the process streams. The ILI leakage susceptibility potential is derived from the average number of corrosion anomalies greater than 10% of the wall thickness and the maximum depth of the anomalies (as percentage of the wall thickness). In spite of such distinctions, the ranking of pipeline leakage susceptibility for the five dry crude pipeline segments turned out to be identical for the two methodologies.
摘要本文研究了两类管道系统的管道泄漏敏感性排序。一个由三个油田水处理管道系统组成,另一个由五个干原油系统组成。两套系统均采用在线腐蚀监测(OCM)方法,干原油系统采用漏磁检测(MFL)工具在线检测(ILI)方法。OCM泄漏敏感性电位是由工艺流中一般腐蚀、点蚀、流体腐蚀性和固定细菌种群密度的综合严重程度得出的。ILI泄漏敏感性电位由大于壁厚10%的腐蚀异常的平均数量和异常的最大深度(占壁厚的百分比)得出。尽管存在这些差异,但两种方法对5个干原油管道段的管道泄漏敏感性排序是相同的。
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引用次数: 0
In situ quantitative topographic measurement and corrosion behaviour of low carbon steel in chloride solutions 低碳钢在氯化物溶液中的原位定量形貌测量和腐蚀行为
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2242654
Ebenezer O. Fanijo, Joseph G. Thomas, Yizheng Zhu, W. Cai, A. Brand
ABSTRACT This study applied a novel in situ spectral modulation interferometry (SMI) technique to quantitatively measure the spatiotemporal corrosion kinetics on the surface of low carbon steel. The 3D topography map showed an early formation of localised shallow pits on the surface subjected to a chloride-free solution. In contrast, the steel samples in chloride-enriched solution revealed early-age microcracks or intergranular defective sites. The quantitative analysis of the height profile data (acquired from SMI) verified the heterogeneity of the corrosion process of these samples susceptible to pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion behaviour. The estimated volume loss followed a similar trend to the 3D surface topography data. Still, a distinct behaviour in the volume loss was observed when compared to the void volume obtained from the electrochemical data.
摘要本研究应用一种新的原位光谱调制干涉测量技术(SMI)对低碳钢表面的时空腐蚀动力学进行了定量测量。3D地形图显示,在无氯化物溶液的作用下,表面早期形成局部浅坑。相反,在富含氯化物的溶液中的钢样品显示出早期微裂纹或晶间缺陷位点。高度剖面数据的定量分析(从SMI获得)验证了这些样品易受点蚀和晶间腐蚀行为影响的腐蚀过程的不均匀性。估计的体积损失遵循与3D表面地形数据类似的趋势。尽管如此,与从电化学数据获得的空隙体积相比,观察到体积损失的明显行为。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion resistance of structural metals depending on the sample orientation and initial exposure conditions in coastal and rural atmospheres. Part 1. Corrosivity toward structural metals at coastal and rural test sites under various exposure conditions 结构金属的耐腐蚀性取决于沿海和农村大气中的样品方向和初始暴露条件。第1部分。不同暴露条件下沿海和农村试验场对结构金属的腐蚀性
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2245642
Yu. M. Panchenko, A. Marshakov, L. Nikolaeva, T. Igonin
ABSTRACT Four 1-year tests of metal samples (carbon steel, zinc, copper, aluminum, and D16 alloy) were carried out at locations with coastal and rural atmospheres to determine corrosion losses and the rate of chloride deposition ([Cl-]) on the upper and lower sample sides. [Cl-] were determined for different orientations relative to the sea winds on coastal sites. A methodology for testing metal samples is presented and the values of the first-year corrosion losses of metals (C1) are reported. It is shown that the corrosion of metals is significantly affected by the season of when the samples are installed. The atmosphere corrosivity under each conditions of sample exposure is estimated by the C1 values calculated using the developed dose-response functions (DRFs). It has been shown that the DRFs can be used to predict C1 and estimate the atmosphere corrosivity categories at locations with various types of atmosphere and under various exposure conditions.
在沿海和农村大气环境下,对金属样品(碳钢、锌、铜、铝和D16合金)进行了为期一年的四次测试,以确定腐蚀损失和样品上下两侧氯离子沉积([Cl-])的速率。[Cl-]在不同的方向上相对于沿海地区的海风测定。提出了一种测试金属样品的方法,并报告了金属(C1)第一年腐蚀损失的值。结果表明,试样安装时的季节对金属的腐蚀有显著影响。利用开发的剂量响应函数(DRFs)计算C1值,估计样品暴露在每种条件下的大气腐蚀性。结果表明,在不同的大气类型和不同的暴露条件下,DRFs可以用来预测C1和估计大气腐蚀等级。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion behaviour of heterogeneous antimony-copper layers in chloride media 非均匀锑铜层在氯化物介质中的腐蚀行为
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2247661
B. Tzaneva, V. Kostov
ABSTRACT The electrodeposited antimony-copper coatings demonstrate a varying degree of chemical and structural heterogeneity that determines their corrosion behaviour in 0.5M sodium chloride. The electrochemical and corrosion properties of layers at open circuit potential were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and optical surface observation. Corrosion polarisation tests revealed that anodic behaviour of Sb–Cu alloys is similar for the all tested samples and depends on the antimony chemical resistance. Under anodic polarisation up to about −0.03 VAg/AgCl a multistep process of anodic oxide film transformation was registered. The observations by SEM revealed that at a higher anodic polarisation many submicron-sized pits are formed. The formation of microgalvanic corrosion cells results in preferential dissolution of the antimony phase at both OCP and anodic polarisation.
电沉积的锑铜涂层表现出不同程度的化学和结构不均匀性,这决定了它们在0.5M氯化钠中的腐蚀行为。利用电化学阻抗谱和光学表面观察技术研究了各层在开路电位下的电化学和腐蚀性能。腐蚀极化试验表明,所有测试样品的锑铜合金的阳极行为是相似的,并取决于锑的耐化学性。在高达- 0.03 VAg/AgCl的阳极极化下,记录了多步骤的阳极氧化膜转变过程。扫描电镜观察发现,在较高的阳极极化下,形成了许多亚微米大小的凹坑。微电偶腐蚀电池的形成导致在OCP和阳极极化处锑相优先溶解。
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引用次数: 0
Vapour phase assembly of ultrathin coatings from alanine ternary complex on the carbon steel surface with enhanced corrosion resistance 丙氨酸三元配合物超薄涂层在碳钢表面的气相组装,具有增强的耐蚀性
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2243736
Qiang Wang, Liangxing Ma, Jiajia An, Daquan Zhang, Weizhe Li, L. Gao
ABSTRACT A novel alanine ternary complex (ALA-T) is prepared by the reaction of alanine (ALA), phosphoric acid, and dibutylamine. FTIR technique is used to characterise its structure. The weight-loss experiments in the closed space study the volatility of the alanine ternary complex. The ultrathin coating is formed on the surface of carbon steel by vapour phase assembly of the alanine ternary complex. The thickness of the coatings is measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The inhibition effect of ultrathin coatings on the corrosion of carbon steel is studied by the volatile-inhibiting ability (VIA) and the electrochemical tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are utilised to examine the morphology and composition of the carbon steel surface. It shows that the complex ultrathin coating has good corrosion inhibition for carbon steel. The protection mechanism of the ultrathin coating is discussed and analysed.
摘要以丙氨酸(ALA)、磷酸和二丁胺为原料,合成了一种新型的丙氨酸三元配合物(ALA-T)。红外光谱技术用于表征其结构。封闭空间失重实验研究丙氨酸三元配合物的挥发性。通过丙氨酸三元配合物的气相组装在碳钢表面形成超薄涂层。使用光谱椭圆偏振法测量涂层的厚度。通过挥发性抑制能力(VIA)和电化学测试,研究了超薄涂层对碳钢腐蚀的抑制作用。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对碳钢表面的形貌和成分进行了检测。结果表明,复合超薄涂层对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀性能。对超薄涂层的防护机理进行了探讨和分析。
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引用次数: 1
Cyclic oxidation and hot corrosion performance of direct metal laser sintered and wrought alloy 718 at 800°C in air and molten salts containing Na2SO4, V2O5 and NaCl 直接金属激光烧结变形合金718在空气和含Na2SO4、V2O5和NaCl的熔盐中800℃的循环氧化和热腐蚀性能
IF 1.8 4区 材料科学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1080/1478422X.2023.2244236
S. Muthu, Dhinakaran Veeman, Shiladithya Paul, M. Prem kumar
ABSTRACT The main aim of this research work is to investigate the high-temperature cyclic corrosion performance of the wrought and direct metal laser sintered (DMLS) alloy 718 in the air and molten salts NaCl-90%Na2SO4 and three salt mixture (3SM) Na2SO4-10%V2O5-10%NaCl atmosphere for 120 h at 800°C. The microstructure of the wrought and DMLS alloy illustrated the austenitic and dendrite structure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to evaluate the structure and phase constitutions of the scale. Visual and microstructural evaluation of the alloy post-exposure indicates that corrosion is more prevalent in molten salt conditions, when compared to air, and Cl-species induced the active oxidation in molten salt. The oxide film development and damage mechanism were detailed and explained by a cross-sectional investigation. Significant spalling and sputtering were also noticed in the S3 salt mixture. This might be attributed to the rapid formation of oxide scales by vanadate, followed by dissolution of the oxide in molten sulphate and chloride. The results divulged that both AM-built and wrought alloy exhibited the similar corrosion properties and both the alloys were undergone severe degradation in MS condition. Highlights Alloy 718 was fabricated successfully by the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method. Cyclic high-temperature oxidation and corrosion of the alloy were studied at 800°C. The oxidised sample exhibits a lower weight gain with no damage. Due to chlorination and sulfidation, the corroded samples exhibited more oxidation and susceptible. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
摘要本研究的主要目的是研究变形和直接金属激光烧结(DMLS)合金718在空气和熔盐NaCl-90%Na2SO4和三盐混合物(3SM)Na2SO4-10%V2O5-10%NaCl气氛中的高温循环腐蚀性能 h。锻造和DMLS合金的微观结构表明了奥氏体和枝晶结构。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对氧化皮的结构和相组成进行了表征。合金暴露后的视觉和微观结构评估表明,与空气相比,在熔盐条件下腐蚀更为普遍,Cl物种在熔盐中引发了活性氧化。通过横截面研究详细解释了氧化膜的形成和损伤机制。在S3盐混合物中也注意到显著的剥落和溅射。这可能归因于钒酸盐快速形成氧化皮,随后氧化物在熔融硫酸盐和氯化物中溶解。结果表明,AM合金和变形合金都表现出相似的腐蚀性能,并且在MS条件下都发生了严重的退化。采用直接金属激光烧结(DMLS)方法成功地制备了Highlights合金718。研究了合金在800°C下的循环高温氧化和腐蚀行为。氧化后的样品在没有损坏的情况下表现出较低的重量增加。由于氯化和硫化作用,腐蚀样品表现出更多的氧化性和敏感性。图形摘要
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology
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