Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0007
Y. H. Azeez, D. Mamand, R. Omer, A. H. Awla, Karzan A. Omar
This work presents a multiscale theoretical investigation into the potential of quinoxaline derivatives (Q1–Q6) as corrosion inhibitors for various metals (Fe(110), Cu(111), and Al(110)). Employing a combined approach combining density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulations, we explore the relationship between molecular structure, electronic properties, and adsorption behavior. Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) were used to investigate the electronic characteristics of diverse compounds. The study included key parameters including highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (E LUMO), energy gap (E g) between E LUMO and E HOMO, dipole moment, global hardness, softness (σ), ionization energy (I), electron affinity (A), electronegativity (χ), back-donation energy E b−d, global electrophilicity (ω), electron transfer, global nucleophilicity (ε), and total energy (sum of electronic and zero-point energies). These properties, alongside adsorption energies (following the trend Q6 > Q2 > Q3 > Q4 > Q5 > Q1), are used to identify promising inhibitor candidates and establish structure–property relationships governing their effectiveness. The results suggest that inhibitor efficiency increases with a decreasing energy gap between frontier orbitals. Notably, the protonated state of Q6 exhibits high reactivity, low stability, and strong adsorption, making it a potential candidate for further exploration. This comprehensive theoretical approach offers crucial insights for the conceptual development of new and powerful corrosion inhibitors.
{"title":"Investigation of corrosion inhibition and adsorption properties of quinoxaline derivatives on metal surfaces through DFT and Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Y. H. Azeez, D. Mamand, R. Omer, A. H. Awla, Karzan A. Omar","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work presents a multiscale theoretical investigation into the potential of quinoxaline derivatives (Q1–Q6) as corrosion inhibitors for various metals (Fe(110), Cu(111), and Al(110)). Employing a combined approach combining density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulations, we explore the relationship between molecular structure, electronic properties, and adsorption behavior. Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) were used to investigate the electronic characteristics of diverse compounds. The study included key parameters including highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E\u0000 HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (E\u0000 LUMO), energy gap (E\u0000 g) between E\u0000 LUMO and E\u0000 HOMO, dipole moment, global hardness, softness (σ), ionization energy (I), electron affinity (A), electronegativity (χ), back-donation energy E\u0000 b−d, global electrophilicity (ω), electron transfer, global nucleophilicity (ε), and total energy (sum of electronic and zero-point energies). These properties, alongside adsorption energies (following the trend Q6 > Q2 > Q3 > Q4 > Q5 > Q1), are used to identify promising inhibitor candidates and establish structure–property relationships governing their effectiveness. The results suggest that inhibitor efficiency increases with a decreasing energy gap between frontier orbitals. Notably, the protonated state of Q6 exhibits high reactivity, low stability, and strong adsorption, making it a potential candidate for further exploration. This comprehensive theoretical approach offers crucial insights for the conceptual development of new and powerful corrosion inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0018
Shobhana Sharma, A. S. Solanki, A. Thakur, Ankit Sharma, Ashish Kumar, S. K. Sharma
Plant extracts represent abundant sources of biomolecules distributed throughout various plant parts. These biomolecules are extracted using diverse solvents and methods. Within these plant extracts lie bioactive compounds, known for their antioxidant properties and anticorrosive capabilities. Detecting and isolating these active biomolecules from plant extracts necessitates analytical techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The active biomolecules within plant extracts contain heteroatoms within their structures, facilitating their adsorption on steel surfaces and conferring corrosion inhibition properties. The advantages of plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors include ready availability, ease of application, eco-friendly characteristics, and cost-effectiveness. These extracts adhere to steel surfaces, blocking their active sites and effectively reducing the corrosion rate. This review consolidates the findings on the corrosion inhibition potential of plant extracts from various plant parts, elucidating their performance in different concentrations of sulfuric acid.
{"title":"Phytochemicals as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in sulfuric acid solutions: a review","authors":"Shobhana Sharma, A. S. Solanki, A. Thakur, Ankit Sharma, Ashish Kumar, S. K. Sharma","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Plant extracts represent abundant sources of biomolecules distributed throughout various plant parts. These biomolecules are extracted using diverse solvents and methods. Within these plant extracts lie bioactive compounds, known for their antioxidant properties and anticorrosive capabilities. Detecting and isolating these active biomolecules from plant extracts necessitates analytical techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The active biomolecules within plant extracts contain heteroatoms within their structures, facilitating their adsorption on steel surfaces and conferring corrosion inhibition properties. The advantages of plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors include ready availability, ease of application, eco-friendly characteristics, and cost-effectiveness. These extracts adhere to steel surfaces, blocking their active sites and effectively reducing the corrosion rate. This review consolidates the findings on the corrosion inhibition potential of plant extracts from various plant parts, elucidating their performance in different concentrations of sulfuric acid.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0005
Ren Yu, Yao Wang, Lei Wang, Xiangwei Jiang, Jiasheng Dong
Corrosion exposure study was conducted on the commercial nickel-based K411 superalloy in a simulated gas turbine operating environment (air + 2 vol% SO2) at 900 °C up to 2000 h. The corrosion behavior of the alloy was quantificationally analyzed from both morphological and chemical points with SEM, XRD, EDS, and EPMA. The results show that the formation of fine TiN inside the oxide layer can be strongly accelerated with the introduction of SO2. Sulfide is assumed as diffusion channels for gas molecules that accelerate internal nitridation. Large-volume variation caused by the TiN formation leads to a stress gradient, which induces Cr and Ni elements from inside to the surface of the alloy. The oxide scales release the compressive stresses generated by internal nitridation through forming protrusions on the surface, which is a potential risk for alloy failure. The corrosion behavior of K411 superalloy is controlled by a combination of oxidation, sulfidation, and internal nitridation whereby the relevant corrosion mechanism has been given.
在 900 °C 的模拟燃气轮机运行环境（空气 + 2 vol% SO2）中，对商用镍基 K411 超级合金进行了长达 2000 小时的腐蚀暴露研究。利用扫描电镜、XRD、EDS 和 EPMA 从形态和化学角度对合金的腐蚀行为进行了定量分析。结果表明，引入二氧化硫后，氧化层内细小 TiN 的形成速度明显加快。硫化物被认为是气体分子的扩散通道，可加速内部氮化。TiN 形成引起的大体积变化会导致应力梯度，从而将铬和镍元素从合金内部引向表面。氧化鳞片通过在表面上形成突起释放内部氮化产生的压应力，这是合金失效的潜在风险。K411 超合金的腐蚀行为是由氧化、硫化和内部氮化共同控制的，由此给出了相关的腐蚀机理。
{"title":"Corrosion mechanism of K411 superalloy in sulfur-containing environment: sulfidation promoting internal nitridation","authors":"Ren Yu, Yao Wang, Lei Wang, Xiangwei Jiang, Jiasheng Dong","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Corrosion exposure study was conducted on the commercial nickel-based K411 superalloy in a simulated gas turbine operating environment (air + 2 vol% SO2) at 900 °C up to 2000 h. The corrosion behavior of the alloy was quantificationally analyzed from both morphological and chemical points with SEM, XRD, EDS, and EPMA. The results show that the formation of fine TiN inside the oxide layer can be strongly accelerated with the introduction of SO2. Sulfide is assumed as diffusion channels for gas molecules that accelerate internal nitridation. Large-volume variation caused by the TiN formation leads to a stress gradient, which induces Cr and Ni elements from inside to the surface of the alloy. The oxide scales release the compressive stresses generated by internal nitridation through forming protrusions on the surface, which is a potential risk for alloy failure. The corrosion behavior of K411 superalloy is controlled by a combination of oxidation, sulfidation, and internal nitridation whereby the relevant corrosion mechanism has been given.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0051
Sarah M. Blust, James T. Burns
The influence of applied loading rate (dK/dt) on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior in annealed 304L stainless steel immersed in 4.7 M MgCl2 solution was assessed at varying temperatures from 23 °C to 70 °C. Measured crack growth rates obtained under rising K loading (dK/dt > 0) are compared to those obtained during static K testing. A rising K-based loading protocol was found to yield more conservative crack growth rates across all temperatures, with the variation in crack growth rates (and therefore the dependence in loading rate) decreasing with increasing environmental severity.
在 23 °C 至 70 °C 的不同温度下，评估了应用加载速率（dK/dt）对浸入 4.7 M MgCl2 溶液中的退火 304L 不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）行为的影响。将在 K 值升高加载（dK/dt > 0）条件下测得的裂纹生长率与静态 K 值测试中测得的裂纹生长率进行了比较。结果发现，基于 K 值上升的加载方案在所有温度下都能产生更保守的裂纹生长率，裂纹生长率的变化（以及加载速率的依赖性）随着环境严重程度的增加而减小。
{"title":"The impact of loading rate on chloride induced stress corrosion cracking of 304L stainless steel","authors":"Sarah M. Blust, James T. Burns","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The influence of applied loading rate (dK/dt) on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior in annealed 304L stainless steel immersed in 4.7 M MgCl2 solution was assessed at varying temperatures from 23 °C to 70 °C. Measured crack growth rates obtained under rising K loading (dK/dt > 0) are compared to those obtained during static K testing. A rising K-based loading protocol was found to yield more conservative crack growth rates across all temperatures, with the variation in crack growth rates (and therefore the dependence in loading rate) decreasing with increasing environmental severity.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2023-0144
A. Vasudevan, Daniel Kujawski, Ronald M. Latanision
It is common to observe that monotonic K1c (lab air) and K1scc (NaCl solution) decrease with increasing YS of an alloy. K1c is measured in lab air and K1scc in an aqueous solution such as NaCl. It is noted that K1c is not considered as a subcritical parameter while K1scc is. Interestingly, for a given alloy, both these parameters seem to be inter-related. That is, K1scc is linearly related to K1c, such that K1scc increases with increasing K1c. This may indicate that plasticity is affecting the K1scc behavior. This article looks into the conditions that affect K1scc for steels, Al-alloys, and Ti-alloys. This linear variation of K1scc with K1c seems to be independent of alloy YS, E, microstructure, and work hardening rate. This observation seems similar in all three systems of alloys. How these parameters are interrelated is analyzed and discussed in detail.
{"title":"On relating quasi-static load threshold K1scc to K1c","authors":"A. Vasudevan, Daniel Kujawski, Ronald M. Latanision","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2023-0144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2023-0144","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It is common to observe that monotonic K1c (lab air) and K1scc (NaCl solution) decrease with increasing YS of an alloy. K1c is measured in lab air and K1scc in an aqueous solution such as NaCl. It is noted that K1c is not considered as a subcritical parameter while K1scc is. Interestingly, for a given alloy, both these parameters seem to be inter-related. That is, K1scc is linearly related to K1c, such that K1scc increases with increasing K1c. This may indicate that plasticity is affecting the K1scc behavior. This article looks into the conditions that affect K1scc for steels, Al-alloys, and Ti-alloys. This linear variation of K1scc with K1c seems to be independent of alloy YS, E, microstructure, and work hardening rate. This observation seems similar in all three systems of alloys. How these parameters are interrelated is analyzed and discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0016
A. Udupa, D. Mohanty, Shatabdi Mallick, J. Mann, Ronald M. Latanision, Srinivasan Chandrasekar
Environment effects in plasticity and fracture of metals, well studied for several decades, still pose many unanswered questions. A micro-mechanics explanation of how dislocation activity is influenced by the material surface state, that can answer these questions, has been elusive. We build on a recently discovered effect in metal cutting – organic monolayer embrittlement (OME) – wherein metal surfaces are rendered brittle by long-chain organic adsorbates, to explore how material state variables influence surface plasticity and fracture. In particular, cutting experiments with Al containing Self Assembled Monolayers (SAMs), show that the OME is controlled by surface stress (f) induced by the adsorbates. This is contrary to many instances of environment-assisted fracture which are usually attributed to surface energy changes, and wherein f is largely ignored. Other contributions include (a) a cantilever technique to measure surface stress, (b) demonstration of strong effect of SAM molecule chain length on f, (c) characterization of how dislocation activity at crack-tips is affected by adsorbate-induced f, and (d) large improvements in machining processes enabled by controlled environment-assisted fracture. We make the case that surface stress, due to adsorbates, likely influences all environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) phenomena, warranting a revisit of extant models of EAC.
环境对金属塑性和断裂的影响已被研究了几十年，但仍有许多问题没有答案。关于位错活动如何受材料表面状态影响的微观力学解释一直未能解答这些问题。我们以最近发现的金属切削效应--有机单层脆化（OME）--即金属表面受长链有机吸附剂影响而变脆为基础，探索材料状态变量如何影响表面塑性和断裂。特别是对含有自组装单分子层（SAM）的铝进行的切割实验表明，OME 受吸附剂引起的表面应力（f）控制。这与环境辅助断裂的许多实例相反，后者通常归因于表面能量变化，而 f 在很大程度上被忽视。其他贡献包括：（a）测量表面应力的悬臂技术；（b）证明 SAM 分子链长度对 f 的强烈影响；（c）描述裂纹尖端的位错活动如何受到吸附剂引起的 f 的影响；以及（d）受控环境辅助断裂对加工工艺的重大改进。我们认为，吸附剂导致的表面应力可能会影响所有环境辅助开裂（EAC）现象，因此有必要重新审视现有的 EAC 模型。
{"title":"On the role of surface stress in environment-assisted fracture","authors":"A. Udupa, D. Mohanty, Shatabdi Mallick, J. Mann, Ronald M. Latanision, Srinivasan Chandrasekar","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Environment effects in plasticity and fracture of metals, well studied for several decades, still pose many unanswered questions. A micro-mechanics explanation of how dislocation activity is influenced by the material surface state, that can answer these questions, has been elusive. We build on a recently discovered effect in metal cutting – organic monolayer embrittlement (OME) – wherein metal surfaces are rendered brittle by long-chain organic adsorbates, to explore how material state variables influence surface plasticity and fracture. In particular, cutting experiments with Al containing Self Assembled Monolayers (SAMs), show that the OME is controlled by surface stress (f) induced by the adsorbates. This is contrary to many instances of environment-assisted fracture which are usually attributed to surface energy changes, and wherein f is largely ignored. Other contributions include (a) a cantilever technique to measure surface stress, (b) demonstration of strong effect of SAM molecule chain length on f, (c) characterization of how dislocation activity at crack-tips is affected by adsorbate-induced f, and (d) large improvements in machining processes enabled by controlled environment-assisted fracture. We make the case that surface stress, due to adsorbates, likely influences all environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) phenomena, warranting a revisit of extant models of EAC.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141655180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0034
N. Holroyd, Timothy L. Burnett, John J. Lewandowski, Geoffrey M. Scamans
Abstract Environment-induced cracking (EIC) research spanning the last 80 years for ferrous and non-ferrous metals in aqueous environments at ambient and elevated temperatures has concentrated on crack propagation. Studies clearly reveal EIC involves two differentiable processes, one controlling initiation and the other propagation. Utilization of advanced high-resolution electron microscopy over the last 20 years has enabled more focused studies of crack initiation for stainless steel and nickel-based alloys at elevated temperatures exposed to environments associated with the nuclear industry. More recently, when coupled with advanced in-situ experimental techniques such as time-lapse X-ray computed 3D-tomography, progress has also been made for aluminum alloys suffering EIC at ambient temperatures. Conventional wisdom states that chemical processes are typically rate-controlling during EIC initiation. Additionally, experimental evidence based on primary creep exhaustion ahead of the introduction of an aggressive environment indicates that time-dependent mechanically-driven local microstructural strain accommodation processes (resembling creep-like behavior) often play an important role for many metals, even for temperatures as low as 40 % of their melting points (0.4 Tm). EIC studies reveal initial surface conditions and their associated immediate sub-surface alloy microstructures generated during creation (i.e. disturbed layers) can dictate whether or not EIC initiation occurs under mechanical loading conditions otherwise sufficient to enable initiation and growth. The plethora of quantitative experimental techniques now available to researchers should enable significant advances towards understanding EIC initiation.
{"title":"Crack initiation during environment-induced cracking of metals: current status","authors":"N. Holroyd, Timothy L. Burnett, John J. Lewandowski, Geoffrey M. Scamans","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Environment-induced cracking (EIC) research spanning the last 80 years for ferrous and non-ferrous metals in aqueous environments at ambient and elevated temperatures has concentrated on crack propagation. Studies clearly reveal EIC involves two differentiable processes, one controlling initiation and the other propagation. Utilization of advanced high-resolution electron microscopy over the last 20 years has enabled more focused studies of crack initiation for stainless steel and nickel-based alloys at elevated temperatures exposed to environments associated with the nuclear industry. More recently, when coupled with advanced in-situ experimental techniques such as time-lapse X-ray computed 3D-tomography, progress has also been made for aluminum alloys suffering EIC at ambient temperatures. Conventional wisdom states that chemical processes are typically rate-controlling during EIC initiation. Additionally, experimental evidence based on primary creep exhaustion ahead of the introduction of an aggressive environment indicates that time-dependent mechanically-driven local microstructural strain accommodation processes (resembling creep-like behavior) often play an important role for many metals, even for temperatures as low as 40 % of their melting points (0.4 Tm). EIC studies reveal initial surface conditions and their associated immediate sub-surface alloy microstructures generated during creation (i.e. disturbed layers) can dictate whether or not EIC initiation occurs under mechanical loading conditions otherwise sufficient to enable initiation and growth. The plethora of quantitative experimental techniques now available to researchers should enable significant advances towards understanding EIC initiation.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2024-0013
A. Arcari, M. Zikry, Patrick G. Callahan, Derek J. Horton, Muh-Jang Chen
Environmentally assisted cracking can significantly affect the performance of high strength alloys and limit material selection to minimize the risk of subcritical crack growth in service. UNS N07718 is widely used in marine service applications and under a variety of conditions, such as: alternate immersion, different levels of cathodic protection, and freely corroding galvanic couples, because of its demonstrated corrosion and fracture resistance in these environments. In this work we developed a representative model of the material microstructure including the metal grains, the material texture, and the precipitates along the grain boundaries and within the grains. The microstructural model was subjected to the boundary conditions identified at the notch root of a fracture mechanics sample and the results are used as input for a simulation of hydrogen diffusion from the surface of the notch, assuming the material has been introduced to a hydrogen producing environment. The diffusion of hydrogen was modeled by Fick’s law and included both hydrostatic stress and mobile dislocation velocity as driving forces. The influence of immobile dislocations was also modeled to account for the irreversible trapping. The results show that hydrostatic stress and immobile dislocation trapping can significantly alter the highest concentration of hydrogen and its location within the microstructure towards the fracture process zone. Mobile dislocation velocity has a small influence in determining the hydrogen distribution near the fracture process zone.
{"title":"Modeling hydrogen diffusion in precipitation hardened nickel-based alloy 718 by microstructural modeling","authors":"A. Arcari, M. Zikry, Patrick G. Callahan, Derek J. Horton, Muh-Jang Chen","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2024-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2024-0013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Environmentally assisted cracking can significantly affect the performance of high strength alloys and limit material selection to minimize the risk of subcritical crack growth in service. UNS N07718 is widely used in marine service applications and under a variety of conditions, such as: alternate immersion, different levels of cathodic protection, and freely corroding galvanic couples, because of its demonstrated corrosion and fracture resistance in these environments. In this work we developed a representative model of the material microstructure including the metal grains, the material texture, and the precipitates along the grain boundaries and within the grains. The microstructural model was subjected to the boundary conditions identified at the notch root of a fracture mechanics sample and the results are used as input for a simulation of hydrogen diffusion from the surface of the notch, assuming the material has been introduced to a hydrogen producing environment. The diffusion of hydrogen was modeled by Fick’s law and included both hydrostatic stress and mobile dislocation velocity as driving forces. The influence of immobile dislocations was also modeled to account for the irreversible trapping. The results show that hydrostatic stress and immobile dislocation trapping can significantly alter the highest concentration of hydrogen and its location within the microstructure towards the fracture process zone. Mobile dislocation velocity has a small influence in determining the hydrogen distribution near the fracture process zone.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2023-0141
Daniel Kujawski, A. Vasudevan, Stefano Plano, D. Gabellone
This short review paper describes the use of a reverse life plot, σ a versus 1/N f , for estimating a fatigue endurance/limit, σ FL. The method is applicable for different alloy-environment systems and load R-ratios. Due to inherent scatter in the fatigue data approaching fatigue limit, a ‘staircase’ method is often utilized that requires relatively large number of specimens (around 15–30) to be tested just for fatigue endurance/limit determination alone. The proposed method uses only high-cycle-fatigue (HCF) S-N data. The estimated fatigue endurance/limit is verified against the data from staircase method for 7000 Al alloy in air and corrosive 0.5 % NaCl solution environment. The comparison with the staircase method shows fairly good agreement. An additional example shows how this method estimates endurance limits for 4140 steels tested in three environments: dry air, air with 93 % RH, and aerated 3 % NaCl solution.
这篇简短的综述论文介绍了使用反向寿命图，即 σ a 与 1/N f 的关系，来估算疲劳耐久性/极限值 σ FL。该方法适用于不同的合金环境系统和负载 R 比。由于接近疲劳极限的疲劳数据存在固有的分散性，通常采用 "阶梯 "法，仅为确定疲劳耐久性/极限就需要测试相对较多的试样（约 15-30 个）。建议的方法只使用高循环疲劳（HCF）S-N 数据。针对空气和腐蚀性 0.5 % NaCl 溶液环境中的 7000 Al 合金，根据阶梯法数据对估计的疲劳耐久性/极限进行了验证。与阶梯法的比较结果显示两者的一致性相当好。另一个例子显示了该方法如何估算 4140 钢在三种环境下测试的耐久极限：干燥空气、93% 相对湿度的空气和通气的 3% 氯化钠溶液。
{"title":"Using a reverse life plot for estimating fatigue endurance/limit","authors":"Daniel Kujawski, A. Vasudevan, Stefano Plano, D. Gabellone","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2023-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2023-0141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This short review paper describes the use of a reverse life plot, σ\u0000 \u0000 a\u0000 versus 1/N\u0000 \u0000 f\u0000 , for estimating a fatigue endurance/limit, σ\u0000 FL. The method is applicable for different alloy-environment systems and load R-ratios. Due to inherent scatter in the fatigue data approaching fatigue limit, a ‘staircase’ method is often utilized that requires relatively large number of specimens (around 15–30) to be tested just for fatigue endurance/limit determination alone. The proposed method uses only high-cycle-fatigue (HCF) S-N data. The estimated fatigue endurance/limit is verified against the data from staircase method for 7000 Al alloy in air and corrosive 0.5 % NaCl solution environment. The comparison with the staircase method shows fairly good agreement. An additional example shows how this method estimates endurance limits for 4140 steels tested in three environments: dry air, air with 93 % RH, and aerated 3 % NaCl solution.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A silica/aminated kaolin (SiO2@AK) composite was prepared by modifying kaolin and loading silica, using intercalation complex method and sol–gel method. Quantitative composites were dispersed in epoxy resin to obtain a silica/aminated kaolin/epoxy resin composite coating (SiO2@AK/EP) on stainless steel. The results showed that the thickness of the dry coating was approximately 110 ± 10 μm, and the surface was flat without evident agglomeration. As the SiO2@AK composite was introduced, the water contact angle increased from 40° to 88°, the average surface roughness of the prepared composite coating was reduced from 10.3 nm to 3.19 nm, and the corrosion current decreased by nearly three orders of magnitude. After the coating was soaked in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 30 days, the impedance modulus of the composite coating remained above 2.511 × 109 Ω cm2, reflecting that the introduction of the composite could effectively improve the anticorrosion property of the epoxy resin.
{"title":"Study on the preparation and anticorrosive performance of silica/modified kaolin/epoxy resin composite coating","authors":"Jiaqi Xie, Jiajiao Wei, Renzhe Jin, Mengyuan He, Peng Zhu, Jianmeng Wu, Zhengyu Wei, Panfei Sun, Dehai Ping, Songjie Li","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2023-0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2023-0078","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A silica/aminated kaolin (SiO2@AK) composite was prepared by modifying kaolin and loading silica, using intercalation complex method and sol–gel method. Quantitative composites were dispersed in epoxy resin to obtain a silica/aminated kaolin/epoxy resin composite coating (SiO2@AK/EP) on stainless steel. The results showed that the thickness of the dry coating was approximately 110 ± 10 μm, and the surface was flat without evident agglomeration. As the SiO2@AK composite was introduced, the water contact angle increased from 40° to 88°, the average surface roughness of the prepared composite coating was reduced from 10.3 nm to 3.19 nm, and the corrosion current decreased by nearly three orders of magnitude. After the coating was soaked in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 30 days, the impedance modulus of the composite coating remained above 2.511 × 109 Ω cm2, reflecting that the introduction of the composite could effectively improve the anticorrosion property of the epoxy resin.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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