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Influence of exposure in a corrosive environment on ultimate stress of heat-treated welded joints of Al–Mg–Si–Сu alloy 腐蚀环境对Al-Mg-Si -Сu合金热处理焊接接头极限应力的影响
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0076
L. Nyrkova, L. Goncharenko, S. Osadchuk, T. Labur, M. Yavorska
Abstract The priority task of modern aircraft construction is to ensure the reliability of the operation of structures, which depends both on the quality of execution of technological processes during manufacturing and on the corrosion-mechanical durability of welded joints. This work aims to study the influence of contact duration with a corrosive environment on the mechanical strength of the base metal and welded joints of the Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloy, heat-treated in different modes (artificial aging, quenching followed by artificial aging). Corrosion-mechanical tests were carried out under constant axial tensile stress in 3 % NaCl solution for 14 days, followed by determination of the corrosion rate, ultimate strength, and fractographic analysis of the fracture surface. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the joints is almost equal to the corrosion resistance of the base metal. It was experimentally confirmed that the ultimate strength of the base metal and welded joints decreased after corrosion exposure in a 3 % NaCl solution. This is caused by the embrittlement of the structure and the formation of corrosion defects in the near-surface zone during contact with a corrosive environment, which led to a change like a fracture from ductile to ductile with brittleness.
现代飞机制造的首要任务是保证结构运行的可靠性,这既取决于制造过程中工艺流程的执行质量,也取决于焊接接头的腐蚀-机械耐久性。本工作旨在研究Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金在不同热处理模式(人工时效、淬火后再人工时效)下,与腐蚀环境接触时间对母材和焊接接头机械强度的影响。在恒定轴向拉伸应力下,在3 % NaCl溶液中进行了14 天的腐蚀力学试验,随后测定了腐蚀速率、极限强度和断口形貌分析。结果表明,接头的耐蚀性与母材的耐蚀性基本相等。实验证实,在3 % NaCl溶液中腐蚀后,母材和焊接接头的极限强度下降。这是由于与腐蚀环境接触时,组织发生脆化,在近表面区域形成腐蚀缺陷,导致从延性断裂到带脆性的延性断裂的变化。
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引用次数: 0
A comprehensive review on synergistic and individual effects of erosion–corrosion in ferrous piping materials 铁质管道材料冲蚀-腐蚀的协同效应和个体效应综述
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0063
Annamalai Sekar, Anand Ronald Bennet
Abstract The degradation of materials due to erosion–corrosion occurs on the components that handle particle-laden corrosive slurry. The combined attack of mechanical erosion and corrosion shows increased material loss than the individual action of erosion and corrosion. The synergy accelerates material removal by eroding the corroded surface layer and corroding the surface due to the elimination of the passivating oxide layer by erosion. The synergism of erosion–corrosion is found to be more complex. Further, the coupled effect of mechanical erosion and electrochemical corrosion and the factors influencing erosion–corrosion still needs to be fully investigated. This review aims to provide a general and detailed summary of the interaction between erosion and corrosion of materials for the applications of pump impellers, pipelines for desalination, and oil and gas transportation. Importance is also given to the factors influencing erosion–corrosion, such as erodent particle properties (hardness, size, and shape), slurry properties (particle concentration, pH value, temperature), and flow characteristics (impingement angle, velocity). The various erosion models and the most used apparatus have also been reviewed.
处理含颗粒的腐蚀性泥浆的部件由于侵蚀腐蚀而发生材料的降解。机械侵蚀和腐蚀的共同作用比侵蚀和腐蚀的单独作用表现出更大的物质损失。协同作用通过侵蚀被腐蚀的表面层和由于侵蚀消除钝化氧化层而腐蚀表面来加速材料的去除。发现侵蚀-腐蚀的协同作用更为复杂。此外,机械侵蚀和电化学腐蚀的耦合效应以及影响侵蚀腐蚀的因素还有待进一步研究。本文就材料在泵叶轮、海水淡化管道、油气输送等领域的腐蚀与侵蚀相互作用进行了综述。对侵蚀腐蚀的影响因素也给予了重视,如侵蚀颗粒特性(硬度、尺寸和形状)、浆料特性(颗粒浓度、pH值、温度)和流动特性(撞击角、速度)。对各种侵蚀模型和最常用的仪器进行了综述。
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引用次数: 1
Application of machine learning in material corrosion research 机器学习在材料腐蚀研究中的应用
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0089
Shuaijie Ma, Yanxia Du, Shasha Wang, Yanjing Su
Abstract The application of machine learning (ML) to corrosion research has become an important trend in corrosion science in recent years. In this paper, the feature extraction method for corrosion data and the ML algorithms commonly used (including artificial neural networks, support vector machines, ensemble learning and other widely used algorithms) in corrosion field is introduced. Then, the characteristics of different algorithms and their application scenarios in the corrosion prediction are summarized. Finally, the development trend of ML in material corrosion field is prospected.
摘要近年来,机器学习在腐蚀研究中的应用已成为腐蚀科学的一个重要趋势。本文介绍了腐蚀数据的特征提取方法以及腐蚀领域常用的ML算法(包括人工神经网络、支持向量机、集成学习等广泛使用的算法)。然后,总结了不同算法的特点及其在腐蚀预测中的应用场景。最后,展望了机器学习在材料腐蚀领域的发展趋势。
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引用次数: 1
In-situ visualization of hydrogen atom distribution at micro-indentation in a carbon steel by scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy 用扫描开尔文探针力显微镜观察碳钢微压痕处氢原子分布
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0108
Yuan Li, Y. Cheng
Abstract In this work, a scanning Kelvin probe force microscope was used to in-situ visualize distribution of hydrogen atoms at micro-indentation and metallurgical phases contained in a carbon steel. Topographic profiles and Volta potentials of the steel upon various times of hydrogen-charging were measured. The hydrogen atom distribution at the micro-indentation was analyzed. Results demonstrate that the micro-indentation can serve as a preferential site to accumulate hydrogen atoms. Particularly, the vertex of the indention shows the greatest hydrogen atom enrichment, while the indentation bottom possesses a slightly lower hydrogen atom concentration. More hydrogen atoms accumulate in ferrite than in pearlite in the steel.
摘要在这项工作中,使用扫描开尔文探针力显微镜原位观察了碳钢中微压痕和冶金相的氢原子分布。测量了钢在不同充氢时间的地形剖面和电压电势。分析了氢原子在微压痕处的分布。结果表明,微压痕可以作为氢原子积累的优先位点。特别地,压痕的顶点显示出最大的氢原子富集,而压痕底部具有略低的氢原子浓度。钢中铁素体中积累的氢原子比珠光体中积累的多。
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引用次数: 0
In vitro biomedical corrosion and enzyme activity inhibition on modified Cu-Zn-Al bioalloy 改性Cu-Zn-Al生物合金的体外生物医学腐蚀及酶活性抑制
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0025
S. Herenda, V. Asanović, E. Hasković, Dragan Radonjic, J. Scepanovic
Abstract The amperometric biosensor was created using a flat sheet of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy, with a shiny surface and uniform thickness below 1 mm. The high biocompatibility and a large specific surface area for enzyme loading are evaluated. In vitro biomedical corrosion testing of samples revealed successful immobilization of catalase, which has undergone quasi-reversible electron transfer from the surface and saline solution. A catalase that had been immobilized retained its basic structure and bioactivity and demonstrated a remarkable electrocatalytic response to hydrogen peroxide reduction. The reduction of hydrogen peroxide on the catalase-modified Cu-25.38Zn-3.3Al alloy was investigated using hydrodynamic amperometry in both the absence and presence of l-cysteine and K2[B3O3F4OH] inhibitors. Catalytic reduction currents have increased as a result of the gradual increase in hydrogen peroxide concentration. The study on enzyme activity inhibition has shown a lower corrosion rate of catalase-modified bioalloy than the initial sample because inhibitor ions occupy all sites of the immobilized enzyme.
摘要用Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金平板制作了一种电流型生物传感器,表面光滑,厚度均匀,小于1mm。该生物传感器具有较高的生物相容性和较大的酶负载比表面积。样品的体外生物医学腐蚀测试表明,过氧化氢酶已成功固定化,从表面和盐水溶液中进行了准可逆的电子转移。固定化的过氧化氢酶保留了其基本结构和生物活性,并对过氧化氢还原表现出显著的电催化反应。在不存在和存在l-半胱氨酸和K2[B3O3F4OH]抑制剂的情况下,使用流体动力学安培法研究了过氧化氢酶修饰的Cu-25.38Zn-3.3Al合金上过氧化氢的还原。催化还原电流由于过氧化氢浓度的逐渐增加而增加。对酶活性抑制的研究表明,过氧化氢酶修饰的生物合金的腐蚀速率低于初始样品,因为抑制剂离子占据了固定化酶的所有位点。
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引用次数: 0
Imidazoline behavior as corrosion inhibitor in the electrochemical characterization of SCC behavior of an API X70 steel exposed to brine solution 咪唑啉作为缓蚀剂在API X70钢盐溶液中SCC行为的电化学表征
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0056
R. Galván-Martínez, Jecsan Fabre-Pulido, A. Carmona-Hernández, R. Orozco-Cruz, Velumani Subramanian, A. Contreras
Abstract The effect of concentration of an organic imidazoline as inhibitor on internal stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of an API X70 pipeline steel exposed to a brine solution was studied. The SCC process using simultaneously the slow strain rate stress test (SSRT) and electrochemical measurements was performed. Fracture surface analysis and secondary cracking were observed through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to SEM fractography and SSRT results, the steel showed high SCC susceptibility with a brittle fracture and several secondary cracks without addition of inhibitor, whereas the addition of inhibitor to brine solution was effective to increase the SCC resistance of steel at concentrations of inhibitor of 50 and 100 ppm. A further addition of concentration of inhibitor had a negative effect on the mechanical properties of the steel. Electrochemical measurements results are in accordance with the SCC susceptibility, indicating that corrosion inhibitor film suppressed the anodic and cathodic reactions increasing the resistance to SCC until concentration of 100 ppm. Further addition of inhibitor aggravated the localized corrosion due to local desorption of inhibitor molecules. The Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) analysis revealed the contribution of different corrosion process contained in the electrochemical current noise (ECN) signals at several inhibitor concentrations.
摘要研究了有机咪唑啉缓蚀剂浓度对API X70管线钢在盐水溶液中的内应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响。同时使用慢应变速率应力测试(SSRT)和电化学测量进行SCC过程。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了断裂表面分析和二次开裂。根据SEM断口形貌和SSRT结果,在不添加抑制剂的情况下,钢表现出高的SCC敏感性,具有脆性断裂和几个二次裂纹,而在50和100ppm的抑制剂浓度下,向盐水溶液中添加抑制剂可以有效地提高钢的抗SCC性。进一步添加抑制剂浓度对钢的力学性能有负面影响。电化学测量结果与SCC敏感性一致,表明缓蚀剂膜抑制了阳极和阴极反应,增加了对SCC的抵抗力,直到浓度达到100ppm。由于抑制剂分子的局部解吸,进一步添加抑制剂加剧了局部腐蚀。Hilbert–Huang变换(HHT)分析揭示了在几种抑制剂浓度下,电化学电流噪声(ECN)信号中包含的不同腐蚀过程的贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Green nanomaterials and nanocomposites for corrosion inhibition applications 绿色纳米材料和纳米复合材料的缓蚀应用
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0075
Maha D. Alghamdi
Abstract Corrosion of metals is considered a global dilemma that is attracting an increasing number of researchers in the scientific community. One of the fundamental solutions against corrosion is using corrosion inhibitors. Corrosion inhibitors are the substances added to the medium or the metal to inhibit corrosion through different mechanisms, most commonly by the formation of a protective layer on the metal surface. Organic corrosion inhibitors constitute most of the known and used corrosion inhibitors, however, due to the toxicity and cost of synthesis, green replacements are needed. Green nanomaterials corrosion inhibitors provide a green and sustainable solution for corrosion. The low toxicity, availability, and cost-effectiveness of green nanoparticles made them a growing research field. This review article highlights the synthesis, use, and application of green nanomaterials in corrosion inhibition. Moreover, the article provides insight into the different types of green nanomaterials inhibitors and their common characterization techniques.
摘要金属腐蚀被认为是一个全球性的难题,吸引了越来越多的科学界研究人员。防腐蚀的基本解决方案之一是使用缓蚀剂。缓蚀剂是添加到介质或金属中的物质,通过不同的机制抑制腐蚀,最常见的是在金属表面形成保护层。有机缓蚀剂构成了大多数已知和使用的缓蚀剂,然而,由于毒性和合成成本,需要绿色替代品。绿色纳米材料缓蚀剂为腐蚀提供了一种绿色、可持续的解决方案。绿色纳米颗粒的低毒性、可用性和成本效益使其成为一个不断发展的研究领域。这篇综述文章重点介绍了绿色纳米材料的合成、应用和在缓蚀方面的应用。此外,本文还深入了解了不同类型的绿色纳米材料抑制剂及其常见的表征技术。
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引用次数: 0
A review of hydrogen embrittlement in gas transmission pipeline steels 输气管道钢氢脆研究进展
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0052
Joshua Hoschke, Md Fahdul Wahab Chowdhury, J. Venezuela, A. Atrens
Abstract Hydrogen transport by blending hydrogen into natural gas transmission pipelines and by pure-hydrogen pipelines is a prospective mode of energy transmission during the transition to renewables. The risk of hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in pipeline steels must first be quantified to ensure safe pipeline operation. This review provides an overview of HE in pipeline steels. Most pipeline steels have reduced ductility when exposed to hydrogen partial pressures of 100 bar and above. Higher-strength pipeline steels (X80 and X100) have been found to undergo HE at ∼50 bar hydrogen. Hydrogen-induced subcritical crack growth in pipeline steels has not been reported in the literature. There are few articles on HE in pipeline welds, with some indications that the weld is more susceptible to HE, and some indications that it is less. The relationship between hydrogen pressure and absorbed hydrogen concentration has not been evaluated. Gaps in knowledge are identified in the conclusions.
天然气管道混氢和纯氢管道输氢是可再生能源转型过程中具有发展前景的能源输送方式。为了保证管道的安全运行,首先要对管道钢的氢脆风险进行量化。本文综述了管道钢中的HE。当暴露在100巴以上的氢分压下时,大多数管道钢的延展性都会降低。高强度管线钢(X80和X100)在~ 50 bar的氢气条件下也能进行HE。管道钢中氢诱导的亚临界裂纹扩展在文献中尚未报道。关于管道焊缝中HE的文章很少,有的表明焊缝更容易受到HE的影响,有的表明较少。氢压力与吸收氢浓度之间的关系尚未得到评价。在结论中指出了知识上的差距。
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引用次数: 3
Frontmatter 头版头条
4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2023-frontmatter2
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引用次数: 0
Effect of zinc injection on mitigating stress corrosion cracking initiation of structural materials in light water reactor primary water 注锌对减轻轻水堆一次水中结构材料应力腐蚀开裂的影响
IF 3.2 4区 材料科学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0098
Kai Chen, Adrianna Mackiewicz, S. Virtanen, P. Grundler, H. Seifert, S. Ritter
Abstract The effect of zinc (Zn) injection on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation of an Alloy 182 weld metal and a 20% cold-worked (CW) type 316L stainless steel was investigated under simulated light water reactor conditions. Accelerated SCC initiation tests revealed that under both, boiling (BWR) and pressurized water reactor (PWR) conditions without Zn injection, Alloy 182 showed a higher SCC initiation susceptibility compared to the CW 316L stainless steel. With 40 ppb Zn injection, results indicate a tendency towards higher stress thresholds or lower crack densities for SCC initiation in both materials. In other words, Zn water chemistry seems to be able to mitigate SCC initiation. The optimized, Zn-treated oxide film is believed to be responsible for the improved SCC performance. However, no clear mitigation effects were observed when the specimens were pre-exposed to high-temperature water without Zn and then tested with Zn, which is likely related to the relatively short exposure time to the Zn-containing high-temperature water.
摘要在模拟轻水反应器条件下,研究了锌(Zn)注入对182合金焊缝金属和20%冷加工(CW)型316L不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)萌生的影响。加速SCC萌生试验表明,在沸腾(BWR)和压水反应堆(PWR)条件下,与CW 316L不锈钢相比,182合金显示出更高的SCC萌生敏感性。在40ppb Zn注入的情况下,结果表明两种材料中SCC萌生的应力阈值较高或裂纹密度较低。换句话说,锌-水化学似乎能够减轻SCC的引发。经优化的Zn处理的氧化膜被认为是SCC性能提高的原因。然而,当样品预先暴露于不含锌的高温水中,然后用锌进行测试时,没有观察到明显的缓解效果,这可能与暴露于含锌高温水中的时间相对较短有关。
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引用次数: 1
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Corrosion Reviews
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