Pub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0016
Ziguang Ji, Xiaobing Ma, Yikun Cai, Li Yang, K. Zhou
Abstract This study investigates an environment-centered, state-driven corrosion prognosis framework to predict the long-term atmospheric corrosion loss of metal materials, and this paper takes carbon steel as an example to show the establishment process of the framework. Unlike traditional power-linear prediction models that seldomly consider environmental impacts, the proposed model quantitatively establishes the correlations between corrosion loss and dynamic atmospheric environmental factors. A comprehensive power-linear function model integrating multiple atmospheric environmental factors is constructed, following the corrosion kinetics robustness. Under the proposed framework, the steady-state start time is evaluated, followed by the long-term corrosion loss prediction under different corrosivity categories and test sites. The applicability is justified via a case study of long-term field exposure tests of metal materials in China, as well as the experimental results of the ISO CORRAG program. By comparing with the traditional power model and ISO model, the experimental results demonstrate the capability and effectiveness of the proposed prognosis methodology in acquiring accurate corrosion state information and corrosion loss prediction results with less input corrosion information.
{"title":"Long-term state-driven atmospheric corrosion prediction of carbon steel in different corrosivity categories considering environmental effects","authors":"Ziguang Ji, Xiaobing Ma, Yikun Cai, Li Yang, K. Zhou","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigates an environment-centered, state-driven corrosion prognosis framework to predict the long-term atmospheric corrosion loss of metal materials, and this paper takes carbon steel as an example to show the establishment process of the framework. Unlike traditional power-linear prediction models that seldomly consider environmental impacts, the proposed model quantitatively establishes the correlations between corrosion loss and dynamic atmospheric environmental factors. A comprehensive power-linear function model integrating multiple atmospheric environmental factors is constructed, following the corrosion kinetics robustness. Under the proposed framework, the steady-state start time is evaluated, followed by the long-term corrosion loss prediction under different corrosivity categories and test sites. The applicability is justified via a case study of long-term field exposure tests of metal materials in China, as well as the experimental results of the ISO CORRAG program. By comparing with the traditional power model and ISO model, the experimental results demonstrate the capability and effectiveness of the proposed prognosis methodology in acquiring accurate corrosion state information and corrosion loss prediction results with less input corrosion information.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"183 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42123376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0044
Jagadeeswara Rao Chowdari, S. Ningshen
Abstract High temperature molten salt corrosion is of utmost importance for selecting and qualifying structural materials for critical applications. Pyrochemical reprocessing of spent metallic fuels of the future fast breeder reactors in India is widely considered. One of the main processes of pyrochemical reprocessing is electrorefining. Electrorefining is generally conducted in LiCl–KCl molten salt at 500–600 °C under an inert atmosphere. Research groups worldwide are involved in developing corrosion resistant materials and investigating the corrosion behaviour of various structural materials for LiCl–KCl applications under different environments. A wide variety of materials, including metals, alloys, intermetallics, single crystals, glass and ceramics, have been investigated in molten LiCl–KCl salt. This review focuses mainly on the corrosion assessment of materials for LiCl–KCl application; a complete literature review with emphasis on the corrosion issues of materials is provided. This paper reviews the corrosion issues of metals and alloys in molten salts and the selection criteria of corrosion-resistant materials for molten salts. Understanding the molten salt corrosion mechanisms and future research scope are also discussed.
{"title":"Molten salt corrosion of candidate materials in LiCl–KCl eutectic for pyrochemical reprocessing applications: a review","authors":"Jagadeeswara Rao Chowdari, S. Ningshen","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High temperature molten salt corrosion is of utmost importance for selecting and qualifying structural materials for critical applications. Pyrochemical reprocessing of spent metallic fuels of the future fast breeder reactors in India is widely considered. One of the main processes of pyrochemical reprocessing is electrorefining. Electrorefining is generally conducted in LiCl–KCl molten salt at 500–600 °C under an inert atmosphere. Research groups worldwide are involved in developing corrosion resistant materials and investigating the corrosion behaviour of various structural materials for LiCl–KCl applications under different environments. A wide variety of materials, including metals, alloys, intermetallics, single crystals, glass and ceramics, have been investigated in molten LiCl–KCl salt. This review focuses mainly on the corrosion assessment of materials for LiCl–KCl application; a complete literature review with emphasis on the corrosion issues of materials is provided. This paper reviews the corrosion issues of metals and alloys in molten salts and the selection criteria of corrosion-resistant materials for molten salts. Understanding the molten salt corrosion mechanisms and future research scope are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"117 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42556585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0014
Pengjie Zhang, Jing-Bo Chen, Hongyi Yang, Guangqing Xu, Jun Lv, J. Cui, Wei Sun, Bingshan Li, Dongmei Wang, Yucheng Wu
Abstract Chromium-free passivation of Zn coating on NdFeB magnets becomes a research hotspot due to the serious harm of chromium ions to the human body. Chromium-based and cerium-based passivation technologies are conducted on electroplating Zn/NdFeB respectively. Morphologies, elemental compositions and phase structures of the two passivated coatings are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The corrosion resistances of the two passivated specimens are compared by neutral salt spray test, accelerated aging test and electrochemical measurements. A complete and smooth passivation film can be obtained on the surface of Zn/NdFeB, filling the gaps and pores in Zn coating. Compared with un-passivated Zn/NdFeB, Zn(Ce)/NdFeB and Zn(Cr)/NdFeB possess excellent corrosion resistance. In comparison, Zn(Ce)/NdFeB possesses excellent anti-corrosion performance, increasing the red-rust appearing time from 288 to 432 h, which is still lower than that of Zn(Cr)/NdFeB (528 h). Therefore, the self-repair effect of cerium passivation technology during the corrosion process should be further studied to achieve the purpose of replacing chromium passivation technology.
{"title":"Comparison of the corrosion resistances of chromium-passivated and cerium-passivated Zn/NdFeB magnets","authors":"Pengjie Zhang, Jing-Bo Chen, Hongyi Yang, Guangqing Xu, Jun Lv, J. Cui, Wei Sun, Bingshan Li, Dongmei Wang, Yucheng Wu","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chromium-free passivation of Zn coating on NdFeB magnets becomes a research hotspot due to the serious harm of chromium ions to the human body. Chromium-based and cerium-based passivation technologies are conducted on electroplating Zn/NdFeB respectively. Morphologies, elemental compositions and phase structures of the two passivated coatings are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The corrosion resistances of the two passivated specimens are compared by neutral salt spray test, accelerated aging test and electrochemical measurements. A complete and smooth passivation film can be obtained on the surface of Zn/NdFeB, filling the gaps and pores in Zn coating. Compared with un-passivated Zn/NdFeB, Zn(Ce)/NdFeB and Zn(Cr)/NdFeB possess excellent corrosion resistance. In comparison, Zn(Ce)/NdFeB possesses excellent anti-corrosion performance, increasing the red-rust appearing time from 288 to 432 h, which is still lower than that of Zn(Cr)/NdFeB (528 h). Therefore, the self-repair effect of cerium passivation technology during the corrosion process should be further studied to achieve the purpose of replacing chromium passivation technology.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"171 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46351313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0028
Vanapalli Naveen Kumar, Arjun Sil
Abstract Steel, an indispensable enduring metal used in all facets of life, contributes significantly to the global economy. Atmospheric corrosion is the inexorable natural degradation of alloys to ores in the presence of the atmosphere. The rate of deterioration is a decisive life factor of environmentally exposed steel, and it is necessary to trace its dynamics in different atmospheres at different exposure times. Spatial hazard corrosion maps for rural and urban conditions have been developed for over five decades to apprehend metal loss or corrosion rate dynamics in diverse conditions (PS11, PS21 and PS31) across the Indian subcontinent. The impact of cumulative hazards on Indian standard structural steels is interpreted to perceive sectional losses of beams in various environments for different zones. Sectional losses are greater in zone 5 of the PS31 environment and are significant in junior and lightweight beams, while heavy beams are relatively unaffected.
{"title":"Five decades spatial hazard maps of atmospheric corrosion predict the rate of deterioration of steel beams in different environments of India","authors":"Vanapalli Naveen Kumar, Arjun Sil","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Steel, an indispensable enduring metal used in all facets of life, contributes significantly to the global economy. Atmospheric corrosion is the inexorable natural degradation of alloys to ores in the presence of the atmosphere. The rate of deterioration is a decisive life factor of environmentally exposed steel, and it is necessary to trace its dynamics in different atmospheres at different exposure times. Spatial hazard corrosion maps for rural and urban conditions have been developed for over five decades to apprehend metal loss or corrosion rate dynamics in diverse conditions (PS11, PS21 and PS31) across the Indian subcontinent. The impact of cumulative hazards on Indian standard structural steels is interpreted to perceive sectional losses of beams in various environments for different zones. Sectional losses are greater in zone 5 of the PS31 environment and are significant in junior and lightweight beams, while heavy beams are relatively unaffected.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"85 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43484875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0006
Xin Xin Liu, M. Sakairi, Q. Liao
Abstract Influence of Fe3+ on the corrosion of titanium in H2SO4 solution without F− and with F− was investigated by electrochemical tests. The electrochemical test results showed that Fe3+ could significantly inhibit titanium corrosion in H2SO4 solution without F− and with F− by promoting the protective film formation on titanium. Titanium corrosion resistance (Rc) was positively related to the concentration of Fe3+ in H2SO4 without and with F−. A mechanism was proposed for Fe3+ inhibiting the corrosion of titanium in H2SO4 solution without and with F−.
{"title":"Influence of Fe3+ on titanium corrosion in H2SO4 solutions without and with F−","authors":"Xin Xin Liu, M. Sakairi, Q. Liao","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Influence of Fe3+ on the corrosion of titanium in H2SO4 solution without F− and with F− was investigated by electrochemical tests. The electrochemical test results showed that Fe3+ could significantly inhibit titanium corrosion in H2SO4 solution without F− and with F− by promoting the protective film formation on titanium. Titanium corrosion resistance (Rc) was positively related to the concentration of Fe3+ in H2SO4 without and with F−. A mechanism was proposed for Fe3+ inhibiting the corrosion of titanium in H2SO4 solution without and with F−.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"73 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43533211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-08DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0038
J. Greer
Abstract This work presents a summary of environmental data from 3600 h of data collected during operations of a U.S. Coast Guard HC-130H aircraft performing its routine missions over a five-year period. The aircraft operated from multiple U.S. and deployed locations during the data collection period in the tropical and mid-latitudes at altitudes up to 8.5 km (28 kft). The aircraft collected pressure, temperature and humidity data during the period. No aerosol components were sampled (chlorides, sulfur dioxide, etc.). While there was no Time of Wetness sensor, the ISO 9223 definition is used for the present work as an estimator. These data are presented in the context of research into corrosion and environmental severity, or the potential conditions for it. About 40% of the data were collected while the aircraft was parked on the ground at various based and deployed locations. The purpose of this work is to present and summarize the flight data as an aid in providing some context for future research into environmental effects as they relate to both corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) of aircraft structure, and perhaps for comparisons with existing or future datasets from aircraft having other missions. Prediction models need realistic, real-world inputs, such as those presented here. An example for the use of these data in corrosion prediction based on the ISO 9223 international standard is presented. Perhaps not surprisingly, these data show that, for this aircraft, conditions most favorable to corrosion occurred while the aircraft was on the ground.
{"title":"A sampling of environmental data, and its presentation, from a multi-role U.S. coast guard aircraft","authors":"J. Greer","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work presents a summary of environmental data from 3600 h of data collected during operations of a U.S. Coast Guard HC-130H aircraft performing its routine missions over a five-year period. The aircraft operated from multiple U.S. and deployed locations during the data collection period in the tropical and mid-latitudes at altitudes up to 8.5 km (28 kft). The aircraft collected pressure, temperature and humidity data during the period. No aerosol components were sampled (chlorides, sulfur dioxide, etc.). While there was no Time of Wetness sensor, the ISO 9223 definition is used for the present work as an estimator. These data are presented in the context of research into corrosion and environmental severity, or the potential conditions for it. About 40% of the data were collected while the aircraft was parked on the ground at various based and deployed locations. The purpose of this work is to present and summarize the flight data as an aid in providing some context for future research into environmental effects as they relate to both corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) of aircraft structure, and perhaps for comparisons with existing or future datasets from aircraft having other missions. Prediction models need realistic, real-world inputs, such as those presented here. An example for the use of these data in corrosion prediction based on the ISO 9223 international standard is presented. Perhaps not surprisingly, these data show that, for this aircraft, conditions most favorable to corrosion occurred while the aircraft was on the ground.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"103 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-25DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0010
R. V. Landim, J. Castro, G. Altoé, M. Meggiolaro, J. Velasco
Abstract Notch sensitivity under sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSC) conditions is quantified in this work, considering its tolerance to short cracks that start at notch tips and become non-propagating after growing for a short while. The considered material is an UNS S41426 super 13Cr5Ni2Mo martensitic stainless steel, frequently used in pipelines to transport aggressive fluids in offshore applications. Tolerance to short SCC cracks depends on the notch size and shape, on the stress gradient ahead of its tip, and on basic material resistances to crack initiation SSSC and growth KISSC inside the aggressive environment. The proposed notch-sensitivity model can be a powerful and economical alternative design tool to substitute traditional pass/non-pass criteria normally used to choose materials for SSC and similar environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) service conditions. This model is validated by testing the steel into an aqueous solution of 100 g/L of Cl−, pH 4.0, 25 kPa of H2S, and 75 kPa of CO2, at 23 ± 2 °C. After measuring SSSC (461 ± 23 MPa) and KISSC (36.9 ± 0.6 MPa√m), short crack tolerance predictions are verified on notched specimens loaded under a peak stress at their tips σmax = 0.95⋅SY >> SSSC, where SY = 826 MPa is the yield strength of the tested steel.
{"title":"Notch sensitivity and short cracks tolerance in a super 13Cr stainless steel under sulfide stress corrosion cracking conditions","authors":"R. V. Landim, J. Castro, G. Altoé, M. Meggiolaro, J. Velasco","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Notch sensitivity under sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSC) conditions is quantified in this work, considering its tolerance to short cracks that start at notch tips and become non-propagating after growing for a short while. The considered material is an UNS S41426 super 13Cr5Ni2Mo martensitic stainless steel, frequently used in pipelines to transport aggressive fluids in offshore applications. Tolerance to short SCC cracks depends on the notch size and shape, on the stress gradient ahead of its tip, and on basic material resistances to crack initiation SSSC and growth KISSC inside the aggressive environment. The proposed notch-sensitivity model can be a powerful and economical alternative design tool to substitute traditional pass/non-pass criteria normally used to choose materials for SSC and similar environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) service conditions. This model is validated by testing the steel into an aqueous solution of 100 g/L of Cl−, pH 4.0, 25 kPa of H2S, and 75 kPa of CO2, at 23 ± 2 °C. After measuring SSSC (461 ± 23 MPa) and KISSC (36.9 ± 0.6 MPa√m), short crack tolerance predictions are verified on notched specimens loaded under a peak stress at their tips σmax = 0.95⋅SY >> SSSC, where SY = 826 MPa is the yield strength of the tested steel.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"57 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42251941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0031
Jiayu Yang, Yingwei Song, Kaihui Dong, E. Han
Abstract Titanium and its alloys show outstanding application prospects in many industrial fields due to their high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, etc. However, at present the corrosion failure of Ti alloys is attracted great attention with gradual increasing applications. The different localized corrosion forms are introduced in this review, including galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion, hydrogen-induced cracking, stress corrosion crack, microbiological corrosion, corrosion fatigue, and corrosion wear. Among them, the corrosion failure caused by stress corrosion crack and hydrogen-induced cracking is the most serious, accounting for about 40–60% of the actual failure accidents. The effects of temperature, pressure, corrosive media and microstructure on the failure of titanium alloys are discussed. Particularly noteworthy, F− is extremely aggressive to the passive film of titanium alloys. The corrosion behavior of titanium alloys applied in aerospace, marine, petrochemical industries and biomedical environments are introduced. In the above environments, the passive film is most easily damaged and difficult to passive in high temperature and oxygen-deficient environments. The current controversies in the corrosion mechanism have also been proposed, especially the stress corrosion that has the most serious impact on titanium alloys, and its mechanism will be the focus of future research.
{"title":"Research progress on the corrosion behavior of titanium alloys","authors":"Jiayu Yang, Yingwei Song, Kaihui Dong, E. Han","doi":"10.1515/corrrev-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Titanium and its alloys show outstanding application prospects in many industrial fields due to their high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, etc. However, at present the corrosion failure of Ti alloys is attracted great attention with gradual increasing applications. The different localized corrosion forms are introduced in this review, including galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion, hydrogen-induced cracking, stress corrosion crack, microbiological corrosion, corrosion fatigue, and corrosion wear. Among them, the corrosion failure caused by stress corrosion crack and hydrogen-induced cracking is the most serious, accounting for about 40–60% of the actual failure accidents. The effects of temperature, pressure, corrosive media and microstructure on the failure of titanium alloys are discussed. Particularly noteworthy, F− is extremely aggressive to the passive film of titanium alloys. The corrosion behavior of titanium alloys applied in aerospace, marine, petrochemical industries and biomedical environments are introduced. In the above environments, the passive film is most easily damaged and difficult to passive in high temperature and oxygen-deficient environments. The current controversies in the corrosion mechanism have also been proposed, especially the stress corrosion that has the most serious impact on titanium alloys, and its mechanism will be the focus of future research.","PeriodicalId":10721,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"5 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45490524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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