Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-05-23DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2355659
Lingyu Dai, Zhenyu Zhong, Qiuying Wu, Yu Gao, Xiaorong Lu, Fuxiang Zhang, Chong Tang, Yao Wang, Chunjiang Zhou, Peizeng Yang
Purpose: To compare the 26-week cost-effectiveness of adalimumab-corticosteroids (ADA-CS) and cyclosporine-corticosteroids (CSA-CS) for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH).
Methods: A preplanned cost-effectiveness analysis based on the per-protocol population of a randomized-controlled trial. VKH subjects were randomized to receive either cyclosporine (100-200 mg daily) combined with corticosteroids or adalimumab (40 mg twice monthly) combined with corticosteroids. The primary outcome of this cost-effectiveness study was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) data were calculated by the medical records and health utility, respectively. Subgroup (early and late-phase VKH) analysis and sensitivity analyses were performed.
Results: The ICER at 26 weeks was $62,425/QALY for the total participants. Compared to the CSA-CS group, costs in the ADA-CS group were more expensive (mean difference [ΔA-C]: $2,497) with more gains in QALYs (mean difference [ΔA-C]: 0.04). The probability of ADA-CS being cost-effective was 0.17 and 0.41 at willingness to pay (WTP) thresholds of $12,000/QALY and $36,000/QALY, respectively. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analyses showed consistent findings with the primary analysis.
Conclusions: Regardless of early or late-phase VKH, the CSA-CS strategy may be recommended as the preferred initial choice for the majority of VKH.
{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Adalimumab Versus Cyclosporine for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Lingyu Dai, Zhenyu Zhong, Qiuying Wu, Yu Gao, Xiaorong Lu, Fuxiang Zhang, Chong Tang, Yao Wang, Chunjiang Zhou, Peizeng Yang","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2355659","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2355659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the 26-week cost-effectiveness of adalimumab-corticosteroids (ADA-CS) and cyclosporine-corticosteroids (CSA-CS) for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A preplanned cost-effectiveness analysis based on the per-protocol population of a randomized-controlled trial. VKH subjects were randomized to receive either cyclosporine (100-200 mg daily) combined with corticosteroids or adalimumab (40 mg twice monthly) combined with corticosteroids. The primary outcome of this cost-effectiveness study was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) data were calculated by the medical records and health utility, respectively. Subgroup (early and late-phase VKH) analysis and sensitivity analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ICER at 26 weeks was $62,425/QALY for the total participants. Compared to the CSA-CS group, costs in the ADA-CS group were more expensive (mean difference [ΔA-C]: $2,497) with more gains in QALYs (mean difference [ΔA-C]: 0.04). The probability of ADA-CS being cost-effective was 0.17 and 0.41 at willingness to pay (WTP) thresholds of $12,000/QALY and $36,000/QALY, respectively. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analyses showed consistent findings with the primary analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regardless of early or late-phase VKH, the CSA-CS strategy may be recommended as the preferred initial choice for the majority of VKH.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-06-10DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2357599
Yoonhee Lee, Juyeon Park, Sunah Bang, Yongbum Kwon
Purpose: Dry eye syndrome is a common ocular disease that causes morbidity, high healthcare burden, and decreased quality of life. In this study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of a standardized extract of small black soybean (EYESOY®) in a benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced murine model of dry eye.
Methods: Experimental dry eye was induced by instillation of 0.02% BAC on the right eye of the Sprague-Dawley rats. Saline solution or EYESOY were administered orally every day for 8 weeks.
Results: EYESOY significantly improved tear volume in the cornea compared with that in the BAC group. Moreover, EYESOY inhibited damage to the corneal epithelial cells and lacrimal glands by suppressing the oxidative and inflammatory responses in a mouse dry eye model. It also increased the goblet cell density and mucin integrity in the conjunctiva.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that EYESOY has the potential to alleviate dry eye syndrome.
{"title":"A Standardized Extract of Green-Cotyledon Small Black Soybean (EYESOY®) Ameliorates Dry Eye Syndrome in an Animal Model.","authors":"Yoonhee Lee, Juyeon Park, Sunah Bang, Yongbum Kwon","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2357599","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2357599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dry eye syndrome is a common ocular disease that causes morbidity, high healthcare burden, and decreased quality of life. In this study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of a standardized extract of small black soybean (EYESOY®) in a benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced murine model of dry eye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental dry eye was induced by instillation of 0.02% BAC on the right eye of the Sprague-Dawley rats. Saline solution or EYESOY were administered orally every day for 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EYESOY significantly improved tear volume in the cornea compared with that in the BAC group. Moreover, EYESOY inhibited damage to the corneal epithelial cells and lacrimal glands by suppressing the oxidative and inflammatory responses in a mouse dry eye model. It also increased the goblet cell density and mucin integrity in the conjunctiva.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that EYESOY has the potential to alleviate dry eye syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2407361
Yang Li, Rong Zhang, Jing Li, Lin Wang, Guohong Zhou
Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, but the therapies are not satisfactory. This study aimed to find AMD specific features through the analysis of high-throughput sequencing.
Methods: In this study, we integrated six projects containing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to perform a comprehensive analysis for AMD samples in the tissues of retina and retinal pigment epithelium/choroid, and in the positions of macula and periphery. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed and crucial signaling pathways were identified across cell types and between the macula and periphery. The intercellular signaling transduction among cell types were inferred by "CellChat" to build cell-cell communication network under normal and AMD conditions, and verified at the transcriptional level. The CD31+ endothelial cells were obtained to evaluate the enrichment of KEGG pathways in atrophic and neovascular AMD, and GSVA was adopted to discover differential metabolic signals in each AMD type.
Results: Thirteen major cell types were identified in the integrated scRNA-seq data. Although no disease-specific cell type or differential cell proportion was found, DEGs and enriched pathways were shown in cell-type- and position-dependent manners. Severe impairment of endothelial cell-mediated cell interactions was found in the signaling transduction network of the macula, and compromised cell interactions were observed in the periphery. Furthermore, distinct signaling pathways and metabolic states were uncovered in atrophic and neovascular AMD. Striking reduction in energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress was indicated in the atrophic AMD.
Conclusion: Conclusively, we discover aberrant signals and metabolic pathways in AMD samples, providing insight into mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for the AMD treatment.
{"title":"Dysfunction of Endothelial Cell-Mediated Intercellular Communication and Metabolic Pathways in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Yang Li, Rong Zhang, Jing Li, Lin Wang, Guohong Zhou","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2407361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2407361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, but the therapies are not satisfactory. This study aimed to find AMD specific features through the analysis of high-throughput sequencing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we integrated six projects containing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to perform a comprehensive analysis for AMD samples in the tissues of retina and retinal pigment epithelium/choroid, and in the positions of macula and periphery. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed and crucial signaling pathways were identified across cell types and between the macula and periphery. The intercellular signaling transduction among cell types were inferred by \"CellChat\" to build cell-cell communication network under normal and AMD conditions, and verified at the transcriptional level. The CD31+ endothelial cells were obtained to evaluate the enrichment of KEGG pathways in atrophic and neovascular AMD, and GSVA was adopted to discover differential metabolic signals in each AMD type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen major cell types were identified in the integrated scRNA-seq data. Although no disease-specific cell type or differential cell proportion was found, DEGs and enriched pathways were shown in cell-type- and position-dependent manners. Severe impairment of endothelial cell-mediated cell interactions was found in the signaling transduction network of the macula, and compromised cell interactions were observed in the periphery. Furthermore, distinct signaling pathways and metabolic states were uncovered in atrophic and neovascular AMD. Striking reduction in energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress was indicated in the atrophic AMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusively, we discover aberrant signals and metabolic pathways in AMD samples, providing insight into mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for the AMD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2408757
Jie Deng, YuHui Qin
Purpose: While some studies have started to focus on the link between psychological well-being and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the relationship remains uncertain. Our research aims to provide new insights into this association, laying a foundation for future interventions and addressing existing knowledge gaps.
Methods: We utilized the "TwoSampleMR" package in R for a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of psychological well-being (subjective well-being, depression, neuroticism, and Sensitivity to Environmental Stress and Adversity) and early-stage AMD. Causal effects were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted method, and additional methods included weighted median and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analyses included Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept analysis, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis.
Results: The study found that the population with genetic predisposition to neuroticism had a 39.7% lower risk of early-stage AMD (OR = 0.603, 95% CI = 0.385-0.945, p = 0.027). Conversely, the population with genetic predisposition to subjective well-being had a 3.2% increased risk of early-stage AMD (OR = 1.032, 95% CI = 1.003-1.063, p = 0.029). No significant causal relationships were found from depression or Sensitivity to Environmental Stress and Adversity to early-stage AMD, nor from early-stage AMD to psychological well-being.
Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that the relationship between psychological well-being and early-stage AMD may be complex and multifaceted. It suggests that moderate neuroticism levels might reduce early-stage AMD risk through health behaviors, pathophysiological mechanisms, and other factors, while high subjective well-being levels might increase this risk similarly. However, these findings are insufficient for preventive strategies due to a lack of substantial evidence and still require extensive experimental research for further validation.
{"title":"Investigating the Link between Psychological Well-Being and Early-Stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Jie Deng, YuHui Qin","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2408757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2408757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>While some studies have started to focus on the link between psychological well-being and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the relationship remains uncertain. Our research aims to provide new insights into this association, laying a foundation for future interventions and addressing existing knowledge gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized the \"TwoSampleMR\" package in R for a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of psychological well-being (subjective well-being, depression, neuroticism, and Sensitivity to Environmental Stress and Adversity) and early-stage AMD. Causal effects were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted method, and additional methods included weighted median and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analyses included Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept analysis, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that the population with genetic predisposition to neuroticism had a 39.7% lower risk of early-stage AMD (OR = 0.603, 95% CI = 0.385-0.945, <i>p</i> = 0.027). Conversely, the population with genetic predisposition to subjective well-being had a 3.2% increased risk of early-stage AMD (OR = 1.032, 95% CI = 1.003-1.063, <i>p</i> = 0.029). No significant causal relationships were found from depression or Sensitivity to Environmental Stress and Adversity to early-stage AMD, nor from early-stage AMD to psychological well-being.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides preliminary evidence that the relationship between psychological well-being and early-stage AMD may be complex and multifaceted. It suggests that moderate neuroticism levels might reduce early-stage AMD risk through health behaviors, pathophysiological mechanisms, and other factors, while high subjective well-being levels might increase this risk similarly. However, these findings are insufficient for preventive strategies due to a lack of substantial evidence and still require extensive experimental research for further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2402319
Hashem Abu Serhan, Amr K Hassan, Mohamed Rifai, Rowayda A Elsayed, Chakib Djeffal, Yasmine Cherif, Kamel Aboujabal, Nour Awamleh, Merlyn Anjali Pereira, Saket Arya, Abdelrahman M Anter, Ayman G Elnahry
Purpose: To identify risk factors and effect modifiers associated with intraocular inflammation (IOI) following brolucizumab injection.
Methods: Our protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022382645). We searched six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and Google Scholar) to retrieve all studies that reported the occurrence of IOI following brolucizumab. Data are reported as mean difference with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were conducted per eye, and the risk of bias was assessed using the National Health Institute tool.
Results: Our analysis included 3527 eyes of 3469 patients of 33 papers. The mean age of the patients was 74 years (SD = 10.9, Range = 62.3-80.9). There were 1793 male patients (51.7%) and 1719 female patients (49.6%). The average follow-up period was 13.9 months (SD = 9.4). The mean number of injections was 4.5 (SD = 2.9) injections per eye; 1315 (37.3%) eyes had neovascular AMD, 189 (5.4%) had diabetic macular edema, and 129 (3.7%) eyes had polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Post-intervention, subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid, and pigment epithelial detachment were significantly improved (46.5-11.3% of patients, 55.7-11.3% of patients, 24.7-7.1% of patients, respectively) (p < 0.001). Regarding visual acuity, there was an improvement with a mean difference of 0.12 (95% CI = 0.18-0.07, z = 4.38, p < 0.0001, 2064 eyes). The most common reported complication is IOI (n = 196, 6%). IOI was observed more in the elderly (76.3 ± 9.2 years), females (66%), and after the second injection.
Conclusions: This systematic review provides valuable insights into risk factors and effect modifiers for IOI associated with brolucizumab treatment, aiding clinicians in optimizing patient care. Future studies should prioritize prospective, long-term investigations to further elucidate the safety profile of brolucizumab and refine its use in the management of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases.
{"title":"Effect Modifiers and Risk Factors of Intraocular Inflammation Following Brolucizumab: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Hashem Abu Serhan, Amr K Hassan, Mohamed Rifai, Rowayda A Elsayed, Chakib Djeffal, Yasmine Cherif, Kamel Aboujabal, Nour Awamleh, Merlyn Anjali Pereira, Saket Arya, Abdelrahman M Anter, Ayman G Elnahry","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2402319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2402319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify risk factors and effect modifiers associated with intraocular inflammation (IOI) following brolucizumab injection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022382645). We searched six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and Google Scholar) to retrieve all studies that reported the occurrence of IOI following brolucizumab. Data are reported as mean difference with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were conducted per eye, and the risk of bias was assessed using the National Health Institute tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis included 3527 eyes of 3469 patients of 33 papers. The mean age of the patients was 74 years (SD = 10.9, Range = 62.3-80.9). There were 1793 male patients (51.7%) and 1719 female patients (49.6%). The average follow-up period was 13.9 months (SD = 9.4). The mean number of injections was 4.5 (SD = 2.9) injections per eye; 1315 (37.3%) eyes had neovascular AMD, 189 (5.4%) had diabetic macular edema, and 129 (3.7%) eyes had polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Post-intervention, subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid, and pigment epithelial detachment were significantly improved (46.5-11.3% of patients, 55.7-11.3% of patients, 24.7-7.1% of patients, respectively) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Regarding visual acuity, there was an improvement with a mean difference of 0.12 (95% CI = 0.18-0.07, <i>z</i> = 4.38, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, 2064 eyes). The most common reported complication is IOI (<i>n</i> = 196, 6%). IOI was observed more in the elderly (76.3 ± 9.2 years), females (66%), and after the second injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review provides valuable insights into risk factors and effect modifiers for IOI associated with brolucizumab treatment, aiding clinicians in optimizing patient care. Future studies should prioritize prospective, long-term investigations to further elucidate the safety profile of brolucizumab and refine its use in the management of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2404599
Zhihua Cheng, Fulin Xu, Min Gao, Yongyan Bi, Ye Jiang, Lutao Yuan, Shaoshuai Wu, Cong Luo
Purpose: To identify risk factors for vision recovery in indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) and to analyze the outcomes associated with surgical treatment for TON.
Methods: Between 2020 and 2023, a total of 105 patients diagnosed with traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital and Shanghai Minhang Hospital were included in a retrospective study. These individuals underwent optic nerve decompression surgery as part of their treatment. To collect comprehensive data, both preoperative and postoperative information was gathered. For analytical purposes, only those patients who had a minimum of one month follow-up post-treatment were considered. The statistical analysis incorporated the use of median values, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to interpret the data. Any p-values less than 0.05 were deemed to indicate statistical significance, underlining the rigorous criteria set for this study.
Results: A total of 105 patients, with a mean age of 31.8 ± 14.9 years, met the inclusion criteria; 89.5% (94) were men, and 10.5% (11) were women. The median time to seek medical attention after injury was 4 days (range: 1 to 15 days). Prognostic factors associated with visual acuity (VA) improvement included a gradual VA loss pattern (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 0.91-5.67, p = 0.045), while canal fractures (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.095-0.933, p = 0.019) significantly correlated with poor VA outcomes.
Conclusions: This study suggested that surgical interventions benefit TON patients with low vision. Gradual VA loss, rather than sudden loss after injury, may be a potential prognostic factor for favorable VA outcomes, while canal fractures, as detected on computed tomography (CT) imaging-especially complex canal fractures, are associated with poor VA outcomes. In the future, more definitive prospective treatment trials are required to identify optimal treatment strategies for TON.
{"title":"Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcomes in Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy: A Retrospective Review of 105 Patients.","authors":"Zhihua Cheng, Fulin Xu, Min Gao, Yongyan Bi, Ye Jiang, Lutao Yuan, Shaoshuai Wu, Cong Luo","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2404599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2404599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify risk factors for vision recovery in indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) and to analyze the outcomes associated with surgical treatment for TON.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2020 and 2023, a total of 105 patients diagnosed with traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital and Shanghai Minhang Hospital were included in a retrospective study. These individuals underwent optic nerve decompression surgery as part of their treatment. To collect comprehensive data, both preoperative and postoperative information was gathered. For analytical purposes, only those patients who had a minimum of one month follow-up post-treatment were considered. The statistical analysis incorporated the use of median values, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to interpret the data. Any <i>p</i>-values less than 0.05 were deemed to indicate statistical significance, underlining the rigorous criteria set for this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 105 patients, with a mean age of 31.8 ± 14.9 years, met the inclusion criteria; 89.5% (94) were men, and 10.5% (11) were women. The median time to seek medical attention after injury was 4 days (range: 1 to 15 days). Prognostic factors associated with visual acuity (VA) improvement included a gradual VA loss pattern (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 0.91-5.67, <i>p</i> = 0.045), while canal fractures (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.095-0.933, <i>p</i> = 0.019) significantly correlated with poor VA outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggested that surgical interventions benefit TON patients with low vision. Gradual VA loss, rather than sudden loss after injury, may be a potential prognostic factor for favorable VA outcomes, while canal fractures, as detected on computed tomography (CT) imaging-especially complex canal fractures, are associated with poor VA outcomes. In the future, more definitive prospective treatment trials are required to identify optimal treatment strategies for TON.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2402317
Shanu Markand, Somin Kim, Micah A Chrenek, Salma Ferdous, Priyanka Priyadarshani, Jeffrey H Boatright, John M Nickerson
Purpose: Myopia is a complex disorder with etiology involving an interplay between several genetic and environmental factors. Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) is found in the subretinal space and is crucial in the visual cycle. The interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein knockout mouse (IRBP KO) was established as a model system to understand myopia and retinal degeneration. The current study investigated genes associated with myopia, retinal homeostasis, and inflammation in IRBP KO.
Methods: RNA from retinas of congenic IRBP KO and wild-type C57BL/6J (WT) mice at postnatal day 5 (P5), P40, and P213 were subjected to digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) using a Bio-Rad automated droplet generator and QX200 reader. Target genes were selected based on genome-wide association studies, animal models, myopia studies, and other genes associated with retinal homeostasis and inflammation. HPRT, a housekeeping gene, was used for normalization. An average expression ratio (target/HPRT) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. ANOVA assessed statistical significance, and a p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The ddPCR data analysis indicated that numerous myopia and inflammation-associated genes were differentially regulated in IRBP KO retinas with distinct temporal variation (upregulated at P5, decreased at P40, and no change at P213 relative to WT). C1qa, Gjd2, Sntb1, and Vsx2 emerged as top genetic candidate pathways. Compared with WT, immunoblotting analysis of C1qa showed no significant differences at P5 but significantly increased protein levels at P7 in IRBP KOs. Vsx2 remained unaltered at P5 and P7 in KO when compared with WT.
Conclusions: Data analysis indicated significant contributions from C1q, Gjd2, Sntb1, and Vsx2 genes in IRBP deficiency.
{"title":"Temporal Regulation of Myopia and Inflammation-Associated Pathways in the Interphotoreceptor Retinoid-Binding Protein Knockout Mouse Model.","authors":"Shanu Markand, Somin Kim, Micah A Chrenek, Salma Ferdous, Priyanka Priyadarshani, Jeffrey H Boatright, John M Nickerson","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2402317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2402317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Myopia is a complex disorder with etiology involving an interplay between several genetic and environmental factors. Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) is found in the subretinal space and is crucial in the visual cycle. The interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein knockout mouse (IRBP KO) was established as a model system to understand myopia and retinal degeneration. The current study investigated genes associated with myopia, retinal homeostasis, and inflammation in IRBP KO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNA from retinas of congenic IRBP KO and wild-type C57BL/6J (WT) mice at postnatal day 5 (P5), P40, and P213 were subjected to digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) using a Bio-Rad automated droplet generator and QX200 reader. Target genes were selected based on genome-wide association studies, animal models, myopia studies, and other genes associated with retinal homeostasis and inflammation. HPRT, a housekeeping gene, was used for normalization. An average expression ratio (target/HPRT) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. ANOVA assessed statistical significance, and a <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ddPCR data analysis indicated that numerous myopia and inflammation-associated genes were differentially regulated in IRBP KO retinas with distinct temporal variation (upregulated at P5, decreased at P40, and no change at P213 relative to WT). <i>C1qa</i>, <i>Gjd2</i>, <i>Sntb1</i>, and <i>Vsx2</i> emerged as top genetic candidate pathways. Compared with WT, immunoblotting analysis of C1qa showed no significant differences at P5 but significantly increased protein levels at P7 in IRBP KOs. Vsx2 remained unaltered at P5 and P7 in KO when compared with WT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data analysis indicated significant contributions from <i>C1q</i>, <i>Gjd2</i>, <i>Sntb1</i>, and <i>Vsx2</i> genes in IRBP deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2397028
Thomas C M Lavery,Carol A Rasmussen,Alexander W Katz,Charlene B Y Kim,James N Ver Hoeve,Paul E Miller,Peter J Sonnentag,Brian J Christian,Christopher J Murphy,David R Piwnica-Worms,Seth T Gammon,Xudong Qiu,Paul L Kaufman,T Michael Nork
PURPOSEMicrocystoid macular degeneration (MMD) is a condition where cystoid vacuoles develop within the inner nuclear layer of the retina in humans in a variety of disorders. Here we report the occurrence of MMD in non-human primates (NHPs) with various retinal ganglion cell (RGC) pathologies and evaluate the hypothesis that MMD does not precede RGC loss but follows it.METHODSMorphological studies were performed of the retinas of NHPs, specifically both rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), in which MMD was identified after induction of experimental glaucoma (EG), hemiretinal endodiathermy axotomy (HEA), and spontaneous idiopathic bilateral optic atrophy. In vivo imaging analyses included fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), light microscopy, and electron microscopy.RESULTSMMD, like that seen on OCT scans of humans, was found in both rhesus and cynomolgus macaques with EG. Of 13 cynomolgus macaques with chronic EG imaged once with OCT six of 13 animals were noted to have MMD. MMD was also evident in a cynomolgus macaque with bilateral optic atrophy. Following HEA, MMD did not develop until at least 2 weeks following the RNFL loss.CONCLUSIONThese data suggest that MMD may be caused by a retrograde trans-synaptic process related to RGC loss. MMD is not associated with inflammation, nor would it be an independent indicator of drug toxicity per se in pre-clinical regulatory studies. Because of its inconsistent appearance and late development, MMD has limited use as a clinical biomarker.
{"title":"Development of Microcystoid Macular Degeneration in the Retina of Nonhuman Primates: Time-Course and Associated Pathologies.","authors":"Thomas C M Lavery,Carol A Rasmussen,Alexander W Katz,Charlene B Y Kim,James N Ver Hoeve,Paul E Miller,Peter J Sonnentag,Brian J Christian,Christopher J Murphy,David R Piwnica-Worms,Seth T Gammon,Xudong Qiu,Paul L Kaufman,T Michael Nork","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2397028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2397028","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEMicrocystoid macular degeneration (MMD) is a condition where cystoid vacuoles develop within the inner nuclear layer of the retina in humans in a variety of disorders. Here we report the occurrence of MMD in non-human primates (NHPs) with various retinal ganglion cell (RGC) pathologies and evaluate the hypothesis that MMD does not precede RGC loss but follows it.METHODSMorphological studies were performed of the retinas of NHPs, specifically both rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), in which MMD was identified after induction of experimental glaucoma (EG), hemiretinal endodiathermy axotomy (HEA), and spontaneous idiopathic bilateral optic atrophy. In vivo imaging analyses included fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), light microscopy, and electron microscopy.RESULTSMMD, like that seen on OCT scans of humans, was found in both rhesus and cynomolgus macaques with EG. Of 13 cynomolgus macaques with chronic EG imaged once with OCT six of 13 animals were noted to have MMD. MMD was also evident in a cynomolgus macaque with bilateral optic atrophy. Following HEA, MMD did not develop until at least 2 weeks following the RNFL loss.CONCLUSIONThese data suggest that MMD may be caused by a retrograde trans-synaptic process related to RGC loss. MMD is not associated with inflammation, nor would it be an independent indicator of drug toxicity per se in pre-clinical regulatory studies. Because of its inconsistent appearance and late development, MMD has limited use as a clinical biomarker.","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2398113
Cindy S Zhao, Yineng Chen, Yinxi Yu, Gui-Shuang Ying, Penny A Asbell
Purpose: To extend cross-sectional data on cytokine ratios (CRs) in dry eye disease (DED) signs by investigating longitudinal change in pro- to anti-inflammatory CRs and associations with change in DED signs and symptoms.
Methods: Secondary analysis of fifty-four subjects [mean age 57.3 (SD 13.2) years, 85.2% female; 68.5% white] with ≥ 4 uL pooled tear volumes at months 0, 6, and 12. Pro-inflammatory (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IFN-g, and TNF-a) to anti-inflammatory (IL-6, IL-10) cytokine ratios (CR) were calculated. DED signs (corneal and conjunctival staining scores, tear break-up time, Schirmer test, Meibomian gland plugging, tear osmolarity, composite sign severity score) and symptoms [Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)] were measured. Changes over time in DED signs, symptoms, and CRs were evaluated using longitudinal models. Correlations between changes in CR and changes in DED signs and symptoms were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficients (rho).
Results: DED signs which improved over time (p < 0.001) included corneal and conjunctival staining score, tear break-up time, tear osmolarity, and composite sign severity score. Using IL-10 as anti-inflammatory, changes in corneal and conjunctival staining and composite severity score significantly correlated with changes in pro- to anti-inflammatory CRs from month 0 to 6 (|rho|: 0.29-0.45, p: 0.003-0.04) but not between month 0 to 12 (|rho|: 0.01 to 0.24, all p > 0.08). DED symptoms decreased across one year (p < = 0.001) for all OSDI measures; these changes did not correlate with changes in CRs (|rho|: 0.00 to 0.29, all p > 0.04).
Conclusions: Improvement in some DED signs across one year correlated weakly with decreases in pro- to anti-inflammatory CRs, in alignment with the understanding of DED as inflammatory. CRs may provide greater insight than absolute tear cytokine concentrations as possible DED biomarkers. Additional studies that provide standardized clinical information and tear collection and analysis are needed to validate CRs in DED.
{"title":"Longitudinal Analysis of Tear Cytokine Ratios in Association with Dry Eye Signs and Symptoms in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study.","authors":"Cindy S Zhao, Yineng Chen, Yinxi Yu, Gui-Shuang Ying, Penny A Asbell","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2398113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2398113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To extend cross-sectional data on cytokine ratios (CRs) in dry eye disease (DED) signs by investigating longitudinal change in pro- to anti-inflammatory CRs and associations with change in DED signs and symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis of fifty-four subjects [mean age 57.3 (SD 13.2) years, 85.2% female; 68.5% white] with ≥ 4 uL pooled tear volumes at months 0, 6, and 12. Pro-inflammatory (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IFN-g, and TNF-a) to anti-inflammatory (IL-6, IL-10) cytokine ratios (CR) were calculated. DED signs (corneal and conjunctival staining scores, tear break-up time, Schirmer test, Meibomian gland plugging, tear osmolarity, composite sign severity score) and symptoms [Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)] were measured. Changes over time in DED signs, symptoms, and CRs were evaluated using longitudinal models. Correlations between changes in CR and changes in DED signs and symptoms were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficients (rho).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DED signs which improved over time (<i>p</i> < 0.001) included corneal and conjunctival staining score, tear break-up time, tear osmolarity, and composite sign severity score. Using IL-10 as anti-inflammatory, changes in corneal and conjunctival staining and composite severity score significantly correlated with changes in pro- to anti-inflammatory CRs from month 0 to 6 (|rho|: 0.29-0.45, <i>p</i>: 0.003-0.04) but not between month 0 to 12 (|rho|: 0.01 to 0.24, all <i>p</i> > 0.08). DED symptoms decreased across one year (<i>p</i> < = 0.001) for all OSDI measures; these changes did not correlate with changes in CRs (|rho|: 0.00 to 0.29, all <i>p</i> > 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Improvement in some DED signs across one year correlated weakly with decreases in pro- to anti-inflammatory CRs, in alignment with the understanding of DED as inflammatory. CRs may provide greater insight than absolute tear cytokine concentrations as possible DED biomarkers. Additional studies that provide standardized clinical information and tear collection and analysis are needed to validate CRs in DED.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2396385
Pankaj Pal,Sharda Sambhakar,Shailendra Paliwal
PURPOSEThis comprehensive review is designed to elucidate the transformative role and multifaceted applications of ocular hydrogels in contemporary ophthalmic therapeutic strategies, with a particular emphasis on their capability to revolutionize drug delivery mechanisms and optimize patient outcomes.METHODSA systematic and structured methodology is employed, initiating with a succinct exploration of prevalent ocular pathologies and delineating the corresponding therapeutic agents. This serves as a precursor for an extensive examination of the diverse methodologies and fabrication techniques integral to the design, development, and application of hydrogels specifically tailored for ophthalmic pharmaceutical delivery. The review further scrutinizes the pivotal manufacturing processes that significantly influence hydrogel efficacy and delves into an analysis of the current spectrum of hydrogel-centric ocular formulations.RESULTSThe review yields illuminating insights into the escalating prominence of ocular hydrogels within the medical community, substantiated by a plethora of ongoing clinical investigations. It reveals the dynamic and perpetually evolving nature of hydrogel research and underscores the extensive applicability and intricate progression of transposing biologics-loaded hydrogels from theoretical frameworks to practical clinical applications.CONCLUSIONSThis review accentuates the immense potential and promising future of ocular hydrogels in the realm of ophthalmic care. It not only serves as a comprehensive guide but also as a catalyst for recognizing the transformative potential of hydrogels in augmenting drug delivery mechanisms and enhancing patient outcomes. Furthermore, it draws attention to the inherent challenges and considerations that necessitate careful navigation by researchers and clinicians in this progressive field.
{"title":"Revolutionizing Ophthalmic Care: A Review of Ocular Hydrogels from Pathologies to Therapeutic Applications.","authors":"Pankaj Pal,Sharda Sambhakar,Shailendra Paliwal","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2396385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2024.2396385","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEThis comprehensive review is designed to elucidate the transformative role and multifaceted applications of ocular hydrogels in contemporary ophthalmic therapeutic strategies, with a particular emphasis on their capability to revolutionize drug delivery mechanisms and optimize patient outcomes.METHODSA systematic and structured methodology is employed, initiating with a succinct exploration of prevalent ocular pathologies and delineating the corresponding therapeutic agents. This serves as a precursor for an extensive examination of the diverse methodologies and fabrication techniques integral to the design, development, and application of hydrogels specifically tailored for ophthalmic pharmaceutical delivery. The review further scrutinizes the pivotal manufacturing processes that significantly influence hydrogel efficacy and delves into an analysis of the current spectrum of hydrogel-centric ocular formulations.RESULTSThe review yields illuminating insights into the escalating prominence of ocular hydrogels within the medical community, substantiated by a plethora of ongoing clinical investigations. It reveals the dynamic and perpetually evolving nature of hydrogel research and underscores the extensive applicability and intricate progression of transposing biologics-loaded hydrogels from theoretical frameworks to practical clinical applications.CONCLUSIONSThis review accentuates the immense potential and promising future of ocular hydrogels in the realm of ophthalmic care. It not only serves as a comprehensive guide but also as a catalyst for recognizing the transformative potential of hydrogels in augmenting drug delivery mechanisms and enhancing patient outcomes. Furthermore, it draws attention to the inherent challenges and considerations that necessitate careful navigation by researchers and clinicians in this progressive field.","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142180290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}