Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.2174/0124681873279660231226070118
D. Shastri, Shivani Gandhi
Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale, has been an extraordi-nary scientific frontier that has revolutionized various fields, with one of the most promising ap-plications being in the realm of medicine. Nanomedicine, an interdisciplinary field at the intersec-tion of nanotechnology and medicine, holds tremendous potential to transform the landscape of healthcare, diagnosis, and treatment. This abstract delves into the burgeoning advancements of nanotechnology in nanomedicine, highlighting its significance, potential benefits, and ethical con-siderations. The primary focus of nanomedicine is to engineer and utilize nanoscale materials, such as nano-particles and nanostructures, to improve the effectiveness and precision of medical interventions. Nano-sized drug delivery systems can target specific cells or tissues, enhancing therapeutic out-comes and reducing side effects. These nanocarriers can penetrate biological barriers and accu-mulate at disease sites, enabling more efficient drug delivery and increasing the bioavailability of therapeutic agents. Furthermore, nanotechnology has opened new horizons in medical imaging. Nanoparticles can be engineered to be responsive to certain diseases or conditions, providing val-uable information for early detection and precise diagnosis. Novel contrast agents based on na-nomaterials have the potential to revolutionize imaging techniques, offering higher sensitivity and specificity, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes. Beyond diagnostics and drug delivery, nanotechnology is fostering breakthroughs in regenerative medicine. Nanomaterials can act as scaffolds, guiding tissue repair and promoting cellular regen-eration. By harnessing the unique properties of nanoscale materials, tissue engineering, and organ transplantation may witness unparalleled advancements, bringing hope to countless patients awaiting life-saving treatments. However, the unprecedented potential of nanomedicine also rais-es ethical concerns that demand careful consideration. As nanotechnology progresses, concerns about the safety of nanomaterials, potential toxicity, and long-term effects must be addressed to ensure responsible and sustainable development.
{"title":"Nanorevolution Unleashing the Power of Nanotechnology","authors":"D. Shastri, Shivani Gandhi","doi":"10.2174/0124681873279660231226070118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873279660231226070118","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale, has been an extraordi-nary scientific frontier that has revolutionized various fields, with one of the most promising ap-plications being in the realm of medicine. Nanomedicine, an interdisciplinary field at the intersec-tion of nanotechnology and medicine, holds tremendous potential to transform the landscape of healthcare, diagnosis, and treatment. This abstract delves into the burgeoning advancements of nanotechnology in nanomedicine, highlighting its significance, potential benefits, and ethical con-siderations.\u0000The primary focus of nanomedicine is to engineer and utilize nanoscale materials, such as nano-particles and nanostructures, to improve the effectiveness and precision of medical interventions. Nano-sized drug delivery systems can target specific cells or tissues, enhancing therapeutic out-comes and reducing side effects. These nanocarriers can penetrate biological barriers and accu-mulate at disease sites, enabling more efficient drug delivery and increasing the bioavailability of therapeutic agents. Furthermore, nanotechnology has opened new horizons in medical imaging. Nanoparticles can be engineered to be responsive to certain diseases or conditions, providing val-uable information for early detection and precise diagnosis. Novel contrast agents based on na-nomaterials have the potential to revolutionize imaging techniques, offering higher sensitivity and specificity, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.\u0000Beyond diagnostics and drug delivery, nanotechnology is fostering breakthroughs in regenerative medicine. Nanomaterials can act as scaffolds, guiding tissue repair and promoting cellular regen-eration. By harnessing the unique properties of nanoscale materials, tissue engineering, and organ transplantation may witness unparalleled advancements, bringing hope to countless patients awaiting life-saving treatments. However, the unprecedented potential of nanomedicine also rais-es ethical concerns that demand careful consideration. As nanotechnology progresses, concerns about the safety of nanomaterials, potential toxicity, and long-term effects must be addressed to ensure responsible and sustainable development.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"75 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.2174/0124681873276732231207051324
A. Chaturvedi, Sharda Shambhakar
The pharmaceutical sector continues to face difficulties with poorly soluble drug solu-bility. Insufficiently soluble drugs have low bioavailability, and their effectiveness is frequently affected. Numerous approaches have been developed in response to this challenge, including us-ing various dosage forms, solid dispersions, nano-suspensions, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems, and cyclodextrin complexes. By improving drug dissolving, decreasing drug particle size, and increasing drug dispersion, these dosage forms seek to increase drug solubility. Nano-technology is one of the latest advances that has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of drugs and significantly improve the solubility of drugs that are now poorly soluble. Since they have a larger surface area and can pass through biological barriers, nanoparticles are particularly well suited for the delivery of drugs. These technologies can potentially enable the development of more effective and efficient drug formulations for the treatment of various diseases. In addi-tion, the review highlights recent advances in the field, including emerging technologies such as nanotechnology, which can revolutionize drug delivery and significantly improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs with their potential applications.
{"title":"Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery: Overcoming Poor Solubility Challenges through Nanoformulations","authors":"A. Chaturvedi, Sharda Shambhakar","doi":"10.2174/0124681873276732231207051324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873276732231207051324","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The pharmaceutical sector continues to face difficulties with poorly soluble drug solu-bility. Insufficiently soluble drugs have low bioavailability, and their effectiveness is frequently affected. Numerous approaches have been developed in response to this challenge, including us-ing various dosage forms, solid dispersions, nano-suspensions, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems, and cyclodextrin complexes. By improving drug dissolving, decreasing drug particle size, and increasing drug dispersion, these dosage forms seek to increase drug solubility. Nano-technology is one of the latest advances that has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of drugs and significantly improve the solubility of drugs that are now poorly soluble. Since they have a larger surface area and can pass through biological barriers, nanoparticles are particularly well suited for the delivery of drugs. These technologies can potentially enable the development of more effective and efficient drug formulations for the treatment of various diseases. In addi-tion, the review highlights recent advances in the field, including emerging technologies such as nanotechnology, which can revolutionize drug delivery and significantly improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs with their potential applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"57 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.2174/0124681873269152231210141521
Ramza Rahat Hashmi, Shaheen Sultana, Shubhra Chaturvedi, Vivek Chauhan, Preeti Sharma, Anna Balaji
Due to its possible antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory qualities, Lagerstroemia speciosa (Banaba) (LS) is receiving more attention in med-ical therapy. LS is a natural chemical with few adverse effects and low toxicity, although it has poor water solubility and absorption. This study aimed to create a nanoemulsion formulation utilising an ethanol-ic extract of LS leaves and test it for anticancer activities in the MCF-7 cell line. Lemongrass oil, Cremophor EL as the surfactant, and Transcutol HP as the co-surfactant were used to create the nanoemulsion. It was done to characterize the ethanolic extract of LS leaves optimised nanoemulsion (ELSN). The MTT test against the MCF-7 cell line was used to assess the anticancer efficacy of ELSN. The average particle size of the optimized nanoemulsion formulation was 91.22 nm with a PDI value of 0.224, indicating a monodispersed system. Transmission electron microscopy has validated the spherical shape of droplet size. Nanoemulsion components, in association with herbal extract, contributed to a zeta potential value of -4.73 Mv. It was discovered that ELSN IC50 was 75.13 ± 3.29 μg/mL. This study confirms that the development of ELSN improves the poor water solu-bility and bioavailability of the drug as well as enhances the therapeutic efficacy.
{"title":"Formulation Development, Characterization, and Therapeutic Evaluation of Ethanolic Extract of L. speciosa Leaves in Breast Cancer","authors":"Ramza Rahat Hashmi, Shaheen Sultana, Shubhra Chaturvedi, Vivek Chauhan, Preeti Sharma, Anna Balaji","doi":"10.2174/0124681873269152231210141521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873269152231210141521","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Due to its possible antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory qualities, Lagerstroemia speciosa (Banaba) (LS) is receiving more attention in med-ical therapy. LS is a natural chemical with few adverse effects and low toxicity, although it has poor water solubility and absorption.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to create a nanoemulsion formulation utilising an ethanol-ic extract of LS leaves and test it for anticancer activities in the MCF-7 cell line.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Lemongrass oil, Cremophor EL as the surfactant, and Transcutol HP as the co-surfactant were used to create the nanoemulsion. It was done to characterize the ethanolic extract of LS leaves optimised nanoemulsion (ELSN). The MTT test against the MCF-7 cell line was used to assess the anticancer efficacy of ELSN.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The average particle size of the optimized nanoemulsion formulation was 91.22 nm with a PDI value of 0.224, indicating a monodispersed system. Transmission electron microscopy has validated the spherical shape of droplet size. Nanoemulsion components, in association with herbal extract, contributed to a zeta potential value of -4.73 Mv. It was discovered that ELSN IC50 was 75.13 ± 3.29 μg/mL.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study confirms that the development of ELSN improves the poor water solu-bility and bioavailability of the drug as well as enhances the therapeutic efficacy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.2174/0124681873279965231227051108
V. Suvarna, Niserga Sawant, Pradnya Jadhav, Namita Desai
Bile acids, a group of steroidal acids present in the bile act as biological surfactants and ligands for bile acid transporter protein for signalling molecules to perform various paracrine and endocrine functions. The enterohepatic circulation of bile acids can be exploited to develop attractive drug delivery approaches with improved targetability of facial amphiphiles and enhanced drug bioavailability by improving absorption and metabolic stability. The effectiveness, safety and targetability of nanoparticles conjugated with bile acids and salts have been discussed in the present review. Various modifications of bile acids promoting absorption and oral bioavailability of drugs for treatment of various disease conditions such as cancer, diabetes and psychosis has also been discussed. Additionally, neuroprotective effect of bile acids and salts has demonstrated utility in various neurodegenerative disorders. Nanoparticles based on bile acids and salts represent an area of emergent interest due to their unique and modifiable properties for improving effectiveness of drugs.
{"title":"Bile Acid Nanoparticles - An Emerging Approach for Site Specific Drug\u0000Targeting","authors":"V. Suvarna, Niserga Sawant, Pradnya Jadhav, Namita Desai","doi":"10.2174/0124681873279965231227051108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873279965231227051108","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Bile acids, a group of steroidal acids present in the bile act as biological surfactants and\u0000ligands for bile acid transporter protein for signalling molecules to perform various paracrine and\u0000endocrine functions. The enterohepatic circulation of bile acids can be exploited to develop attractive drug delivery approaches with improved targetability of facial amphiphiles and enhanced\u0000drug bioavailability by improving absorption and metabolic stability. The effectiveness, safety\u0000and targetability of nanoparticles conjugated with bile acids and salts have been discussed in the\u0000present review. Various modifications of bile acids promoting absorption and oral bioavailability\u0000of drugs for treatment of various disease conditions such as cancer, diabetes and psychosis has also been discussed. Additionally, neuroprotective effect of bile acids and salts has demonstrated\u0000utility in various neurodegenerative disorders. Nanoparticles based on bile acids and salts represent an area of emergent interest due to their unique and modifiable properties for improving effectiveness of drugs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"30 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139442992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.2174/0124681873266687231124070555
L. Kothapalli, Rakesh Ozarkar, Pranav Modak, S. Deshkar, Asha B. Thomas
Skin is an external organ protecting the entire body from a complicated process that affects all living things. Vegetable oils give the epidermis a barrier that shields it and halts water loss. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, phenolic and flavonoid content present in grape seed oil (GSO), papaya seed oil (PSO), and flaxseed oil (FSO) are reported for their antioxidant and moisturizing effect when applied as a topical formulation for skin care. In the present work, the oils were screened for their antioxidant activity and skinwhitening properties and formulated as nanoemulgel. The oils were studied for their phenolic and flavonoid content and formulated as a nano emulgel using Tween 80 and Transcutol. Further, the formulation was evaluated for its physicochemical properties and stability. The oils' total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined using gallic acid and rutin trihydrate, respectively as standards. The % oleic acid content was determined by using HPTLC where PSO had the highest oleic acid content (54.04) as compared to GSO and FSO. All oils exhibited significant antioxidant activity and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition due to the phenolic components, flavonoids, and tocopherols. Based on the phytoactive present, nanoemulsion in different proportions (3% oil mix and 5% oil mix in a ratio of 1:1:1 and 1.5:1.5:2 for GSO: PSO: FSO) was formulated. Globule size and PDI of the optimized nanoemulsion batch were obtained as 181 nm and 0.292, respectively. Further optimization of formulation and its efficacy and dermatokinetics can be studied.
{"title":"Preparation and Evaluation of Nanoemulgel with Seed Oils for Skin Care","authors":"L. Kothapalli, Rakesh Ozarkar, Pranav Modak, S. Deshkar, Asha B. Thomas","doi":"10.2174/0124681873266687231124070555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873266687231124070555","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Skin is an external organ protecting the entire body from a complicated\u0000process that affects all living things. Vegetable oils give the epidermis a barrier that shields it and\u0000halts water loss. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, phenolic and flavonoid content present in grape seed\u0000oil (GSO), papaya seed oil (PSO), and flaxseed oil (FSO) are reported for their antioxidant and\u0000moisturizing effect when applied as a topical formulation for skin care.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In the present work, the oils were screened for their antioxidant activity and skinwhitening properties and formulated as nanoemulgel.\u0000The oils were studied for their phenolic and flavonoid content and formulated as a nano emulgel\u0000using Tween 80 and Transcutol. Further, the formulation was evaluated for its physicochemical\u0000properties and stability.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The oils' total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined using gallic acid and rutin\u0000trihydrate, respectively as standards. The % oleic acid content was determined by using HPTLC\u0000where PSO had the highest oleic acid content (54.04) as compared to GSO and FSO.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000All oils exhibited significant antioxidant activity and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition\u0000due to the phenolic components, flavonoids, and tocopherols. Based on the phytoactive present,\u0000nanoemulsion in different proportions (3% oil mix and 5% oil mix in a ratio of 1:1:1 and 1.5:1.5:2\u0000for GSO: PSO: FSO) was formulated. Globule size and PDI of the optimized nanoemulsion batch\u0000were obtained as 181 nm and 0.292, respectively. Further optimization of formulation and its efficacy and dermatokinetics can be studied.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138601864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.2174/0124681873279865231126034248
R. Salikhov, Rufina Zilberg, I. Mullagaliev, Timur Salikhov, Yuliya Teres, E. Bulysheva, A. Ostaltsova
Currently, developing composite and nanocomposite materials based on natural polymers is attracting the growing attention of scientists. In particular, chitosan succinate, a modified biopolymer, has good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and electrical conductivity, allowing it to be used as a functional material for creating various electronic devices, including sensors for use in medicine and pharmaceuticals. Composite sensors based on chitosan derivatives have found application for the recognition and determination of enantiomers of tryptophan, tyrosine, naproxen, and propranolol in human urine and blood plasma in tablet forms of drugs without a preliminary active substance. This article discusses the studies on composite and nanocomposite thin-film structures based on chitosan succinamide obtained using various fillers, such as graphene oxide, singlewalled carbon nanotubes, and carbon adsorbents. The studies used cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results created field-effect transistors based on the films in question as the transport layer. The mobility of charge carriers was estimated, and the following values were obtained: μ(SCTS) = 0.173cm2 /V·s; μ(SCTS-GO) = 0.509 cm2 /V·s; μ(SCTS-CP) = 0.269 cm2 /V·s; μ(SCTS-CB) = 0.351cm2 /V·s; μ(SCTS-SWCNT) = 0.713 cm2 /V·s.
{"title":"Composite and Nanocomposite Thin-film Structures Based on Chitosan\u0000Succinamide","authors":"R. Salikhov, Rufina Zilberg, I. Mullagaliev, Timur Salikhov, Yuliya Teres, E. Bulysheva, A. Ostaltsova","doi":"10.2174/0124681873279865231126034248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873279865231126034248","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Currently, developing composite and nanocomposite materials based on natural\u0000polymers is attracting the growing attention of scientists. In particular, chitosan succinate, a modified biopolymer, has good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and electrical conductivity, allowing it to be used as a functional material for creating various electronic devices, including sensors\u0000for use in medicine and pharmaceuticals. Composite sensors based on chitosan derivatives have\u0000found application for the recognition and determination of enantiomers of tryptophan, tyrosine,\u0000naproxen, and propranolol in human urine and blood plasma in tablet forms of drugs without a\u0000preliminary active substance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This article discusses the studies on composite and nanocomposite thin-film structures\u0000based on chitosan succinamide obtained using various fillers, such as graphene oxide, singlewalled carbon nanotubes, and carbon adsorbents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The studies used cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results created field-effect transistors based on the films in question as\u0000the transport layer.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The mobility of charge carriers was estimated, and the following values were obtained: μ(SCTS) = 0.173cm2\u0000/V·s; μ(SCTS-GO) = 0.509 cm2\u0000/V·s; μ(SCTS-CP) = 0.269 cm2\u0000/V·s;\u0000μ(SCTS-CB) = 0.351cm2\u0000/V·s; μ(SCTS-SWCNT) = 0.713 cm2\u0000/V·s.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"24 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.2174/0124681873274362231110055846
Bhawna Sharma, Iti Chauhan
Liposomes and niosomes, two vesicular carriers that are prospective candidates for drug delivery, have been used in numerous formulations. New research in this area has led to the development of a ‘niosome-like’ colloidal carrier termed bilosomes. Bilosomes have been designed as prospective vesicular carriers to deliver targeted drugs via parenteral, transdermal, and oral routes. These innovative vesicular systems, based on bile salts, have been discussed in detail in the current review. The review addresses the composition of bilosomes, their creation and characterization processes. Previous research on bilosomes has been compiled, along with their applications and advantages over more traditional nanocarriers such as liposomes and niosomes. It also emphasizes the utilization of bilosomes and their stability.
{"title":"A review: Bilosomes as nanocarriers","authors":"Bhawna Sharma, Iti Chauhan","doi":"10.2174/0124681873274362231110055846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873274362231110055846","url":null,"abstract":"Liposomes and niosomes, two vesicular carriers that are prospective candidates for drug delivery, have been used in numerous formulations. New research in this area has led to the development of a ‘niosome-like’ colloidal carrier termed bilosomes. Bilosomes have been designed as prospective vesicular carriers to deliver targeted drugs via parenteral, transdermal, and oral routes. These innovative vesicular systems, based on bile salts, have been discussed in detail in the current review. The review addresses the composition of bilosomes, their creation and characterization processes. Previous research on bilosomes has been compiled, along with their applications and advantages over more traditional nanocarriers such as liposomes and niosomes. It also emphasizes the utilization of bilosomes and their stability.","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral drug administration is largely preferred owing to enhanced patient compliance, convenience of self-intake of dose, non-invasiveness, and low manufacturing cost. Cancer is a condition that starts with aberrant cell division at an uncontrolled rate. The clinical effectiveness of many anticancer drugs is limited by their physicochemical characteristics and physiological circumstances in the GI tract. Nanostructured lipid carriers have the potential to enhance the bio-availability of anticancer drugs by entrapping them. The NLCs, by virtue of their nanosize and their biocompatibility, can bypass the first-pass metabolism and be taken up by M cells of Peyer’s patches to deliver the drug to the deeper tumours. The proposed review highlights the potential of NLCs in oral drug delivery for the management of various cancers. It discusses various strategies, method of preparation, mechanism of uptake, and their applications in the treatment of cancer via oral delivery. Further, it explains the recent advances and future perspectives.
口服给药因其患者依从性强、方便自行服药、无创伤和生产成本低等优点而备受青睐。癌症是一种细胞分裂速度失控的疾病。许多抗癌药物的临床疗效受到其理化特性和消化道生理环境的限制。纳米结构脂质载体具有通过包裹抗癌药物来提高其生物利用度的潜力。纳米脂质载体具有纳米尺寸和生物相容性，可以绕过第一过代谢，被佩尔氏斑块的 M 细胞吸收，将药物输送到更深层的肿瘤。本综述强调了 NLCs 在口服给药治疗各种癌症方面的潜力。它讨论了通过口服给药治疗癌症的各种策略、制备方法、吸收机制及其应用。此外，它还解释了最新进展和未来展望。
{"title":"A Review on Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as Promising Drug Delivery Vehicle to Target Various Cancers via Oral Route: A Step towards “Chemotherapy at Home”","authors":"Sheikh Shahnawaz Quadir, Garima Joshi, Vinod Saharan, Harish Mangesh, Deepak Choudhary, K. Yadav, C.P. Jain, Lalit Singh Chauhan","doi":"10.2174/0124681873272867231113192452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124681873272867231113192452","url":null,"abstract":"Oral drug administration is largely preferred owing to enhanced patient compliance, convenience of self-intake of dose, non-invasiveness, and low manufacturing cost. Cancer is a condition that starts with aberrant cell division at an uncontrolled rate. The clinical effectiveness of many anticancer drugs is limited by their physicochemical characteristics and physiological circumstances in the GI tract. Nanostructured lipid carriers have the potential to enhance the bio-availability of anticancer drugs by entrapping them. The NLCs, by virtue of their nanosize and their biocompatibility, can bypass the first-pass metabolism and be taken up by M cells of Peyer’s patches to deliver the drug to the deeper tumours. The proposed review highlights the potential of NLCs in oral drug delivery for the management of various cancers. It discusses various strategies, method of preparation, mechanism of uptake, and their applications in the treatment of cancer via oral delivery. Further, it explains the recent advances and future perspectives.","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.2174/0124681873270830231101205139
Ayushi D. Patel, Chetna D. Modi, Vaishali T. Thakkar, Hardik B. Rana, Dipika D. Chavda
Background: Fluoxetine and olanzapine combination tablets are available in the market for oral administration in the treatment of depression, but fluoxetine has been shown to have a dose-related side effect due to its high oral dose and ability to undergo excessive first-pass metabolism. Olanzapine has low solubility and low bioavailability. Objective: The objective of this study was to prepare lipid nanoparticles containing fluoxetine and olanzapine to enhance the solubility and dissolution profile of the drugs. Methods: Lipid nanoparticles (LNs) were prepared by high-speed homogenization using the ultrasonication method. Different lipids and surfactants were used to screen out the best lipids, surfactants, and their ratio in the preparation of lipid nanoparticles. Drug and polymer compatibility was examined using FTIR and DSC studies. The formulation was optimized using the central composite design to establish functional relationship between independent variables and responses. Optimized batch was characterized using particle size, PDI, zeta potential, % EE, % CDR, and stability. Results: Phase solubility study revealed FLX to have highest solubility in stearic acid and oleic acid, whereas OLZ showed highest solubility in Precirol ATO 5 and oleic acid. Poloxamer 188 was selected on the basis of high entrapment efficiency of the drug. In LNs, no significant interaction between drug and polymer was confirmed by DSC and FTIR. The particle size of optimized batch was found to be 411.5 nm with 0.532 PDI and - 9.24 mV zeta potential. For FLX and OLZ, the %EE and %CDR after 8h were found to be more than 90%. No significant change in %EE and %CDR of the formulation was observed after 4 weeks of storage. Conclusion: Experimental results demonstrated excellent drug entrapment as well as controlled release behavior from optimized LNs of FLX and OLZ at reduced dosage frequency.
背景:市场上有氟西汀和奥氮平联合片用于口服治疗抑郁症，但由于氟西汀的口服剂量大，并且能够进行过度的首过代谢，因此已被证明具有剂量相关的副作用。奥氮平溶解度低，生物利用度低。目的:制备含氟西汀和奥氮平的脂质纳米颗粒，以提高药物的溶解度和溶出度。方法:采用超声高速均质法制备脂质纳米颗粒。利用不同的脂质和表面活性剂筛选制备脂质纳米颗粒的最佳脂质、表面活性剂及其配比。用FTIR和DSC研究了药物和聚合物的相容性。采用中心复合设计对配方进行优化，建立自变量与响应之间的函数关系。通过粒径、PDI、zeta电位、EE %、CDR %和稳定性对优化后的批料进行表征。结果:相溶解度研究表明，FLX在硬脂酸和油酸中溶解度最高，而OLZ在Precirol ATO 5和油酸中溶解度最高。基于该药物的高包封效率，选择了波洛沙姆188。在LNs中，DSC和FTIR证实药物与聚合物之间没有明显的相互作用。优化后的批料粒径为411.5 nm, PDI为0.532,zeta电位为- 9.24 mV。对于FLX和OLZ, 8h后的%EE和%CDR均大于90%。储存4周后，制剂的%EE和%CDR未见明显变化。结论:优化后的FLX和OLZ在较低给药频率下具有良好的药物包埋和控释性能。
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