Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230822101717
Ankit Srivastava, Biswajita Pradhan, B. P. Jit, Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj, Deeksha Rikhari
Nanotechnology involves the study of different materials on the nanometer scale, typically less than 100 nm in size. Nanomedicine is the creation of nanotechnology, a new science and technology area. Similarly, various nanomaterials, such as nanostructure, nanotubes, and nanoparticles, were also found to have significant applications in the human biological system at the molecular level to achieve healthcare advantage. Nanotechnology is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine with a special emphasis on ophthalmology. Nanotechnology advancements need to be translated into a new and exciting platform for diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutics for ocular disease. The application of nanotechnology in ocular disease and cancer, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery system, drug development, gene therapy, and tissue engineering, helps overcome many ocular problems. In particular, one of the most important applications of the emerging nanoscience system is used in ocular cancer diagnosis and therapy with the help of carbon nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanowires, etc. Several approaches have been developed for treatment and therapy for ocular disease. Moreover, these tremendous approaches have been safely used and effective for a broad range of applications. In this study, the focus is to discuss recent findings and various constraints and summarize the applications of nanotechnology-mediated systems for treating various ocular diseases.
{"title":"Advancement in Nanobiotechnology for Human Health Care: Focus on Ocular Diseases and Future Prospects","authors":"Ankit Srivastava, Biswajita Pradhan, B. P. Jit, Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj, Deeksha Rikhari","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230822101717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230822101717","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanotechnology involves the study of different materials on the nanometer scale, typically less than 100 nm in size. Nanomedicine is the creation of nanotechnology, a new science and technology area. Similarly, various nanomaterials, such as nanostructure, nanotubes, and nanoparticles, were also found to have significant applications in the human biological system at the molecular level to achieve healthcare advantage. Nanotechnology is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine with a special emphasis on ophthalmology. Nanotechnology advancements need to be translated into a new and exciting platform for diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutics for ocular disease. The application of nanotechnology in ocular disease and cancer, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery system, drug development, gene therapy, and tissue engineering, helps overcome many ocular problems. In particular, one of the most important applications of the emerging nanoscience system is used in ocular cancer diagnosis and therapy with the help of carbon nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanowires, etc. Several approaches have been developed for treatment and therapy for ocular disease. Moreover, these tremendous approaches have been safely used and effective for a broad range of applications. In this study, the focus is to discuss recent findings and various constraints and summarize the applications of nanotechnology-mediated systems for treating various ocular diseases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46636158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230821153922
A. Mohamed, Dalia Yousry Saad, H. Khalil, Asmaa E. Farouk, A. Soliman
Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic frequently used to treat severe gram-negative infections. However, due to nephrotoxicity, its clinical application is restricted. Several lines of evidence indicate that free radicals are important mediators of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine the potential antioxidant therapeutic value of ZnO-chitosan nanoparticles on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups (6 rats/group). All groups except group 1 were injected with gentamicin (100 mg/kg body weight i.p.) for eight days. On day 9, rats of groups 1 and 2 were administrated distilled water, and those of groups 3 and 4 were administrated 1/10 and 1/20 LD50 of ZnO-CS-NPs continuously for 30 days. Treatment with ZnO-CS NPs caused a significant decrease in urea, creatinine, uric acid, sodium, potassium, chloride, microalbumin, and malondialdehyde levels; this was accompanied by a significant increase in kidney glutathione reduced, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and catalase. The findings of the current study revealed that ZnO-CS NP ameliorated kidney injury against gentamicin induced-acute kidney injury in rats by its antioxidant properties.
{"title":"Therapeutic effect of Chitosan-Zinc oxide nanoparticles on acute kidney injury induced by gentamicin in Wistar rats","authors":"A. Mohamed, Dalia Yousry Saad, H. Khalil, Asmaa E. Farouk, A. Soliman","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230821153922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230821153922","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic frequently used to treat severe gram-negative infections. However, due to nephrotoxicity, its clinical application is restricted. Several lines of evidence indicate that free radicals are important mediators of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine the potential antioxidant therapeutic value of ZnO-chitosan nanoparticles on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups (6 rats/group). All groups except group 1 were injected with gentamicin (100 mg/kg body weight i.p.) for eight days. On day 9, rats of groups 1 and 2 were administrated distilled water, and those of groups 3 and 4 were administrated 1/10 and 1/20 LD50 of ZnO-CS-NPs continuously for 30 days.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Treatment with ZnO-CS NPs caused a significant decrease in urea, creatinine, uric acid, sodium, potassium, chloride, microalbumin, and malondialdehyde levels; this was accompanied by a significant increase in kidney glutathione reduced, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and catalase.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings of the current study revealed that ZnO-CS NP ameliorated kidney injury against gentamicin induced-acute kidney injury in rats by its antioxidant properties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45082690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230821102705
S. Dizaj, Yashar Rezaei, Leila Javadikia, Simin Sharifi, Amirreza Khosroshahi
The aim of this study was to prepare gelatin-nanocurcumin/nanohydroxy apatite nanofibers and test the effect of nanohydroxyapatite and nanocurcumin on the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers. Finding the ideal bone replacement material has long been the focus of research in the field of bone regeneration. This study also aimed to assess the effect of adding nanohydroxyapatite and nanocurcumin on the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers in order to propose an ideal nanofiberous scaffold for bone regeneration application. Gelatin-curcumin nanofibers were prepared using an electrospinning method with a ratio of 70% to 30% of gelatin and curcumin and 5% of hydroxyapatite. Adding curcumin to the gelatin nanofiber structure increased its tensile strength in the wet state (21.03 ± 2.17 to 28.54 ± 0.59, p < 0.0001). Besides, adding nanohydroxyapatite to the structure of gelatin nanofibers increased its tensile strength in dry (30.31 ± 0.64 to 35.79 ± 1.13, p < 0.0001) and wet conditions (28.54 ± 0.59 to 34.46 ± 0.86, p = 0.0020). As adding curcumin and nanohydroxyapatite increased the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers, it seems that these nanofibers can play a promising futuristic role in bone and dental tissue engineering. However, more in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies are recommended to approve this finding.
{"title":"The tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers containing nanohydroxyapatite and nanocurcumin","authors":"S. Dizaj, Yashar Rezaei, Leila Javadikia, Simin Sharifi, Amirreza Khosroshahi","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230821102705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230821102705","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aim of this study was to prepare gelatin-nanocurcumin/nanohydroxy apatite\u0000nanofibers and test the effect of nanohydroxyapatite and nanocurcumin on the tensile strength of\u0000gelatin nanofibers. Finding the ideal bone replacement material has long been the focus of research\u0000in the field of bone regeneration. This study also aimed to assess the effect of adding nanohydroxyapatite and nanocurcumin on the tensile strength of gelatin nanofibers in order to propose an ideal\u0000nanofiberous scaffold for bone regeneration application.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Gelatin-curcumin nanofibers were prepared using an electrospinning method with a ratio\u0000of 70% to 30% of gelatin and curcumin and 5% of hydroxyapatite.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adding curcumin to the gelatin nanofiber structure increased its tensile strength in the wet\u0000state (21.03 ± 2.17 to 28.54 ± 0.59, p < 0.0001). Besides, adding nanohydroxyapatite to the structure of gelatin nanofibers \u0000increased its tensile strength in dry (30.31 ± 0.64 to 35.79 ± 1.13, p <\u00000.0001) and wet conditions (28.54 ± 0.59 to 34.46 ± 0.86, p = 0.0020).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000As adding curcumin and nanohydroxyapatite increased the tensile strength of gelatin\u0000nanofibers, it seems that these nanofibers can play a promising futuristic role in bone and dental tissue engineering. However, more in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies are recommended to approve\u0000this finding.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49124005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-17DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230817151543
G. P. Tamilarasi, G. Sabarees, K. Manikandan, S. Gouthaman, V. Alagarsamy, V. Solomon
Chronic wounds and lesions have a severe impact on the socioeconomic status and compliance of patients all over the world. Diabetes-related chronic, non-healing lesions may necessitate amputation of the damaged limb or organ. These skin lesions are susceptible to microorganisms that cause infections that impede the healing process. Despite the advances in medication development and sophisticated formulations, treating persistent wound infections remains difficult. Electrospun antimicrobial wound dressings offer considerable potential for lowering the risk of infection and accelerating the healing of chronic wounds. Electrospinning is a cost-effective, reproducible, simple, and multifaceted technique for encapsulating hydrophobic and hydrophilic therapeutic molecules within polymeric carriers with wide-ranging applications. In this review, we have discussed extensively the recent advances in electrospun nanofiber formulation techniques for use as wound dressings, as well as the entrapment of various antibacterial biomolecules, such as synthetic antibiotics, phytoconstituents, and metal nanoparticles, which have been embedded into the electrospun nanofibers, highlighting bioactive antibacterial agents capable of enhancing wound healing. In addition, we focus on the challenges currently being faced in the area of biomedicine as well as the opportunities for electrospinning-based nanomaterials.
{"title":"Recent Trends in Electrospun Antibacterial Nanofibers for Chronic Wound Management","authors":"G. P. Tamilarasi, G. Sabarees, K. Manikandan, S. Gouthaman, V. Alagarsamy, V. Solomon","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230817151543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230817151543","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Chronic wounds and lesions have a severe impact on the socioeconomic status and compliance of patients all over the world. Diabetes-related chronic, non-healing lesions may necessitate amputation of the damaged limb or organ. These skin lesions are susceptible to microorganisms that cause infections that impede the healing process. Despite the advances in medication development and sophisticated formulations, treating persistent wound infections remains difficult. Electrospun antimicrobial wound dressings offer considerable potential for lowering the risk of infection and accelerating the healing of chronic wounds. Electrospinning is a cost-effective, reproducible, simple, and multifaceted technique for encapsulating hydrophobic and hydrophilic therapeutic molecules within polymeric carriers with wide-ranging applications. In this review, we have discussed extensively the recent advances in electrospun nanofiber formulation techniques for use as wound dressings, as well as the entrapment of various antibacterial biomolecules, such as synthetic antibiotics, phytoconstituents, and metal nanoparticles, which have been embedded into the electrospun nanofibers, highlighting bioactive antibacterial agents capable of enhancing wound healing. In addition, we focus on the challenges currently being faced in the area of biomedicine as well as the opportunities for electrospinning-based nanomaterials.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47008521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230816095330
Dipsikha Bhattacharya, L. Ray, P. Pramanik, J. Pandey
Scarless wound management remains a clinical challenge worldwide because of its complicated and overlapping phases of inflammation, clearing, and regeneration. Among the currently available dressing materials, hydrogels have attracted emerging attention as potential wound dressing materials because of their specific properties, such as porosity, tissue-mimicking architecture, softness, and improved mechanical, biological as well as physicochemical properties. However, naturally driven hydrogels have shown several advantages over conventional hydrogels because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, and functionality. Recently, nanoparticle (NPs) integrated polymeric hydrogels (metals, non-metals, metal oxides, and polymeric moieties) have been established as analogous to these naturally driven hydrogels because of the synergistic effects of the NPs and polymers in the three-dimensional composite material. Over the years, researchers have reported the synthesis and potential applications of diverse inorganic and organic nanocomposite gels with antioxidant or antibacterial properties where they have exploited the intelligent incorporation of biomolecules into the NP-polymeric network that are beneficial for wound healing. Among various natural polymers as hydrogel matrix, chitosan-mediated hydrogel dressings have received extensive interest resulting in improved mechanical, biological, and physicochemical properties due to the well-reported antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, and tissue regeneration efficacies of chitosan polymer. This review is intended to summarize the recent developments of inorganic nanoparticle-incorporated chitosan-based hydrogels as wound dressing materials where various synthetic methodologies of these nanocomposite gels are extensively discussed via incorporating nanoparticles, active biomolecules, and other substances into the intrinsic structure of the gels. In addition, the future and prospects of chitosan-based nanocomposite hydrogels as a novel wound dressing as well as tissue engineering materials are also highlighted.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Various Inorganic Nanoparticle Embedded Chitosan-based Multifunctional Materials for Wound Healing","authors":"Dipsikha Bhattacharya, L. Ray, P. Pramanik, J. Pandey","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230816095330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230816095330","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Scarless wound management remains a clinical challenge worldwide because of its complicated and overlapping phases of inflammation, clearing, and regeneration. Among the currently available dressing materials, hydrogels have attracted emerging attention as potential wound dressing materials because of their specific properties, such as porosity, tissue-mimicking architecture, softness, and improved mechanical, biological as well as physicochemical properties. However, naturally driven hydrogels have shown several advantages over conventional hydrogels because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, and functionality. Recently, nanoparticle (NPs) integrated polymeric hydrogels (metals, non-metals, metal oxides, and polymeric moieties) have been established as analogous to these naturally driven hydrogels because of the synergistic effects of the NPs and polymers in the three-dimensional composite material. Over the years, researchers have reported the synthesis and potential applications of diverse inorganic and organic nanocomposite gels with antioxidant or antibacterial properties where they have exploited the intelligent incorporation of biomolecules into the NP-polymeric network that are beneficial for wound healing. Among various natural polymers as hydrogel matrix, chitosan-mediated hydrogel dressings have received extensive interest resulting in improved mechanical, biological, and physicochemical properties due to the well-reported antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, and tissue regeneration efficacies of chitosan polymer. This review is intended to summarize the recent developments of inorganic nanoparticle-incorporated chitosan-based hydrogels as wound dressing materials where various synthetic methodologies of these nanocomposite gels are extensively discussed via incorporating nanoparticles, active biomolecules, and other substances into the intrinsic structure of the gels. In addition, the future and prospects of chitosan-based nanocomposite hydrogels as a novel wound dressing as well as tissue engineering materials are also highlighted.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48166555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230727162613
Maushmi S. Kumar, Velisha Mehta, Mayur Yc, D. Suares
Gemcitabine is a clinically valuable drug delivered intravenously. In order to explore other routes of administration for more efficacious drug delivery, its redevelopment for application through oral route with the help of nanotechnology is an ongoing thrust area. Nanotechnology helps the drug enter into tissues at the molecular level, with increased drug localisation and cellular uptake, larger surface area with modifiable biologic properties, mediate molecular interactions and identify molecular changes. The objective of the study was to use Eudragit RS100 to prepare polymeric nanoparticles of gemcitabine (GEM) in order to improve its half-life, reduce dosage and increase the stability of the drug. GEM polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique. They were characterized for particle size, zeta potential (ZP), drug content, entrapment efficiency (EE) and in-vitro drug release. Further, they were also evaluated using TEM, DSC and FTIR spectroscopy. Mechanistic insights of the synthesized nanoparticles were explored using a protein binding study, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and plasma protein binding study. Docking study was carried out to check the binding of the drug and polymer with DNA and protein. The synthesized GEM polymeric nanoparticles showed particle size in the range of 200-450 nm. Due to physical stability issues, optimized polymeric nanoparticles of GEM were lyophilized and exhibited a zeta potential of +11.9 mV, drug content 96.74% w/v and EE of 68-75% w/v. In-vitro drug release study demonstrated sustained release. Protein binding study with bovine serum albumin (BSA) revealed protein binding of GEM-loaded polymeric nanoparticles comparable with the marketed formulation (Oncogem 200, Cipla Ltd.). In addition to this, human plasma protein binding studies showed negligible interaction of GEM with plasma proteins with both formulations. EMSA displayed binding with CT-DNA. Lyophilized GEM nanoparticles were found to be stable and the mechanistic studies found them comparable to that of marketed formulation.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and binding studies of Polymeric Nanoparticles using Gemcitabine Hydrochloride","authors":"Maushmi S. Kumar, Velisha Mehta, Mayur Yc, D. Suares","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230727162613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230727162613","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Gemcitabine is a clinically valuable drug delivered intravenously. In order to explore other routes of administration for more efficacious drug delivery, its redevelopment for application through oral route with the help of nanotechnology is an ongoing thrust area. Nanotechnology helps the drug enter into tissues at the molecular level, with increased drug localisation and cellular uptake, larger surface area with modifiable biologic properties, mediate molecular interactions and identify molecular changes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of the study was to use Eudragit RS100 to prepare polymeric nanoparticles of gemcitabine (GEM) in order to improve its half-life, reduce dosage and increase the stability of the drug.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000GEM polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique. They were characterized for particle size, zeta potential (ZP), drug content, entrapment efficiency (EE) and in-vitro drug release. Further, they were also evaluated using TEM, DSC and FTIR spectroscopy. Mechanistic insights of the synthesized nanoparticles were explored using a protein binding study, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and plasma protein binding study. Docking study was carried out to check the binding of the drug and polymer with DNA and protein.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The synthesized GEM polymeric nanoparticles showed particle size in the range of 200-450 nm. Due to physical stability issues, optimized polymeric nanoparticles of GEM were lyophilized and exhibited a zeta potential of +11.9 mV, drug content 96.74% w/v and EE of 68-75% w/v. In-vitro drug release study demonstrated sustained release. Protein binding study with bovine serum albumin (BSA) revealed protein binding of GEM-loaded polymeric nanoparticles comparable with the marketed formulation (Oncogem 200, Cipla Ltd.). In addition to this, human plasma protein binding studies showed negligible interaction of GEM with plasma proteins with both formulations. EMSA displayed binding with CT-DNA.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Lyophilized GEM nanoparticles were found to be stable and the mechanistic studies found them comparable to that of marketed formulation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41608817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230726114911
L. Kaur, L. Singh, Gurjeet Singh, Manjeet Kaur, R. Dhawan, Navdeep Kaur, Nitish Khajuria, Sarvpreet Singh
This review is focused on the self-assembly of different molecular building blocks at various levels of complexity. In this perspective, we present the basic concept and recent research on the self-assembly of fatty acids and their derivatives, surfactants, and cholesterol. In addition, we discuss the conditions for designing and stabilizing novel vesicular drug delivery systems and how the flux changes due to the molecular structure of building blocks. Furthermore, the article provides a brief discussion on fatty acid and oleate self-assembly, which is becoming an emerging nanotechnology because of its ability to alter the dynamic nature of the skin. These structures have been shown to enhance the skin permeability of drugs and other active compounds, making them potential candidates for transdermal drug delivery. In conclusion, the self-assembly of various molecular building blocks at different levels of complexity has significant implications in the fields of drug delivery, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. The ability to control and manipulate the self-assembly process offers a wide range of possibilities for the design of novel and efficient drug delivery systems.
{"title":"Impact of Molecular Building Blocks on Dynamic Nature of Novel Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems as Ufasomes and Ufosomes: Modification in Structure and Surface Charge","authors":"L. Kaur, L. Singh, Gurjeet Singh, Manjeet Kaur, R. Dhawan, Navdeep Kaur, Nitish Khajuria, Sarvpreet Singh","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230726114911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230726114911","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This review is focused on the self-assembly of different molecular building blocks at various levels of complexity. In this perspective, we present the basic concept and recent research on the self-assembly of fatty acids and their derivatives, surfactants, and cholesterol. In addition, we discuss the conditions for designing and stabilizing novel vesicular drug delivery systems and how the flux changes due to the molecular structure of building blocks. Furthermore, the article provides a brief discussion on fatty acid and oleate self-assembly, which is becoming an emerging nanotechnology because of its ability to alter the dynamic nature of the skin. These structures have been shown to enhance the skin permeability of drugs and other active compounds, making them potential candidates for transdermal drug delivery. In conclusion, the self-assembly of various molecular building blocks at different levels of complexity has significant implications in the fields of drug delivery, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. The ability to control and manipulate the self-assembly process offers a wide range of possibilities for the design of novel and efficient drug delivery systems.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41676022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-19DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230719121457
V. Jhawat, A. Rawat, R. Dutt
Diabetes is a prevailing disease worldwide and its complications are also hazardous including nephropathy. Drug available to treat Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) faces bioavailability issues related to solubility and absorption of drugs. Cilostazol (CLT) is a BCS class II drug that is poorly water-soluble which affects its therapeutic efficacy. CLT reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased in DN. Curcumin (Cur) is also hydrophobic but Cur has many therapeutic efficacies like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that help for the treatment of DN. The objective of the current study was to develop and optimize the Cilostazol Solid Dispersion Nanoparticle (SDN) to improve the bioavailability of the drug by tagging it with Cur by using PVP VA S 630 as polymer and Poloxamer 407 as surfactant. Different formulations were developed using the emulsion solvent evaporation method, PVP VA S 630 as the hydrophilic polymer, and Poloxamer 407 as a surfactant. Two-factor, threelevel Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used for statistical analysis of the selected process variable's main effect and interactive effect on the response. Curcumin tagging was also done for the entire batches. Nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC, Particle size, Zeta potential, Drug entrapment efficiency, Solubility, and % CDR studies. Among the 17 different formulations (CLT1-CLT 17), with a solubility of 39.5 µg/ml, a % CDR of 99.55, a typical particle size of 219.67 nm with a PDI of 0.258, entrapment efficiency of 73.47%, and a -10.6 mV of Zeta potential, CLT-15 was optimized. To determine CLT and curcumin, the simultaneous UV calibration method was created. Overall, the DSC study indicated the amorphous nature of the Nano Dispersion, which in turn means the successful entrapment of the CLT in the Nano Dispersion matrix. TEM images also confirmed the spherical nanoparticles. The optimized batch of drugs tagged with curcumin was compared with the plain drug Solid Dispersion Nanoparticles. Together with the molecules of curcumin, the solid nano dispersion of CLT was produced, which will add to the benefits of the management of Diabetic Nephropathy. In the current study, we underline the importance of utilising both API and phytochemicals in the treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy, and we anticipate further basic research or clinical trials to support innovative treatments. It is possible to use these matrix-forming polymers for active ingredients with poor solubility, whether they are natural or synthetic. It has also been demonstrated that these carriers (PVP VA S 630 & Poloxamer) increase the dissolution rate (in-vitro).
糖尿病是世界范围内的一种常见疾病，其并发症也很危险，包括肾病。可用于治疗糖尿病肾病（DN）的药物面临着与药物溶解度和吸收有关的生物利用度问题。西洛他唑（CLT）是一种BCS II类药物，水溶性差，影响其疗效。CLT降低DN中增加的活性氧（ROS）。姜黄素（Cur）也是疏水性的，但Cur具有许多治疗功效，如抗炎和抗氧化特性，有助于治疗DN。本研究的目的是开发和优化西洛他唑固体分散纳米颗粒（SDN），通过使用PVP VA S 630作为聚合物和泊洛沙姆407作为聚合物，用Cur标记来提高药物的生物利用度表面活性剂。使用乳液溶剂蒸发法、PVP VA S 630作为亲水性聚合物和泊洛沙姆407作为表面活性剂开发了不同的配方。采用双因素三水平Box-Behnken设计（BBD）对所选过程变量对响应的主要影响和交互影响进行统计分析。姜黄素标签也被做了完整的批次。通过FT-IR光谱、DSC、粒度、Zeta电位、药物包封率、溶解度和%CDR研究对纳米颗粒进行了表征。在17种不同的制剂（CLT1-CLT 17）中，CLT-15的溶解度为39.5µg/ml，%CDR为99.55，典型粒径为219.67 nm，PDI为0.258，包封率为73.47%，Zeta电位为-10.6 mV。为了测定CLT和姜黄素，建立了同时紫外校准方法。总之，DSC研究表明了纳米分散体的形态性质，这反过来意味着CLT成功地包埋在纳米分散体基体中。TEM图像也证实了球形纳米颗粒。将姜黄素标记的优化批次药物与普通药物固体分散纳米颗粒进行比较。与姜黄素分子一起，产生了CLT的固体纳米分散体，这将增加糖尿病肾病的治疗益处。在目前的研究中，我们强调了利用API和植物化学物质治疗糖尿病肾病的重要性，我们预计会有进一步的基础研究或临床试验来支持创新治疗。可以将这些基质形成聚合物用于溶解性差的活性成分，无论它们是天然的还是合成的。还证明了这些载体（PVPVA S 630和泊洛沙姆）提高了溶解速率（体外）。
{"title":"DoE Enabled Development and In-Vitro Optimization of Curcumin-Tagged Cilostazol Solid Nano Dispersion","authors":"V. Jhawat, A. Rawat, R. Dutt","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230719121457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230719121457","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Diabetes is a prevailing disease worldwide and its complications are also\u0000hazardous including nephropathy. Drug available to treat Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) faces bioavailability issues related to solubility and absorption of drugs. Cilostazol (CLT) is a BCS class II\u0000drug that is poorly water-soluble which affects its therapeutic efficacy. CLT reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased in DN. Curcumin (Cur) is also hydrophobic but Cur has many therapeutic efficacies like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that help for the treatment of DN.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of the current study was to develop and optimize the Cilostazol Solid Dispersion Nanoparticle (SDN) to improve the bioavailability of the drug by tagging it with Cur by using PVP VA S 630 as polymer and Poloxamer 407 as surfactant.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Different formulations were developed using the emulsion solvent evaporation method,\u0000PVP VA S 630 as the hydrophilic polymer, and Poloxamer 407 as a surfactant. Two-factor, threelevel Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used for statistical analysis of the selected process variable's\u0000main effect and interactive effect on the response. Curcumin tagging was also done for the entire\u0000batches. Nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC, Particle size, Zeta potential, Drug entrapment efficiency, Solubility, and % CDR studies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Among the 17 different formulations (CLT1-CLT 17), with a solubility of 39.5 µg/ml, a %\u0000CDR of 99.55, a typical particle size of 219.67 nm with a PDI of 0.258, entrapment efficiency of\u000073.47%, and a -10.6 mV of Zeta potential, CLT-15 was optimized. To determine CLT and curcumin, the simultaneous UV calibration method was created. Overall, the DSC study indicated the\u0000amorphous nature of the Nano Dispersion, which in turn means the successful entrapment of the\u0000CLT in the Nano Dispersion matrix. TEM images also confirmed the spherical nanoparticles. The\u0000optimized batch of drugs tagged with curcumin was compared with the plain drug Solid Dispersion\u0000Nanoparticles.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Together with the molecules of curcumin, the solid nano dispersion of CLT was produced, which will add to the benefits of the management of Diabetic Nephropathy. In the current\u0000study, we underline the importance of utilising both API and phytochemicals in the treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy, and we anticipate further basic research or clinical trials to support innovative\u0000treatments. It is possible to use these matrix-forming polymers for active ingredients with poor solubility, whether they are natural or synthetic. It has also been demonstrated that these carriers (PVP\u0000VA S 630 & Poloxamer) increase the dissolution rate (in-vitro).\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44706262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230714124009
Dilpreet Singh, P. Tiwari, Sanjay A. Nagdev
{"title":"Particulate Vaccine Dispersions Emerge as a Novel Carrier for Deep Pulmonary Immunization","authors":"Dilpreet Singh, P. Tiwari, Sanjay A. Nagdev","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230714124009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230714124009","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48242464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.2174/2468187313666230613121100
A. Mohamed, Manar Ahmed Bahaaeldine, M. Garhy, S. Fahmy
Toxocara vitulorum is a common parasitic worm of buffalo and cattle, causing livestock mortality and morbidity worldwide. Several countries suffered substantial economic losses due to animal death and reduced meat and milk production. Therefore, it became necessary to discover a new alternative drug, especially with the emerging resistance to current medications. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect of different concentrations of biobased silver nanoparticles on T. vitulorum adults. Different concentrations of silver nanoparticles were synthesised using lemon juice. Groups of male and female adult worms were incubated in 50, 100, and 200 mg/L silver nanoparticles for 48 h. The parasite motility, histology, and biochemical parameters were observed and compared to the control. The results showed that silver nanoparticles decreased the worm motility, increased mortality rate, induced structural damage, caused collagen disruption, and showed elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, total protein, urea, and creatinine, as well as reduced levels of acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein in a dose-dependent manner. Silver nanoparticles established a significant anthelmintic effect against T. vitulorum and could become one of the up-and-coming antiparasitic drugs in the future.
{"title":"Reproductive and biochemical toxicity of biobased silver nanoparticles against Toxocara vitulorum","authors":"A. Mohamed, Manar Ahmed Bahaaeldine, M. Garhy, S. Fahmy","doi":"10.2174/2468187313666230613121100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2468187313666230613121100","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Toxocara vitulorum is a common parasitic worm of buffalo and cattle, causing livestock mortality and morbidity worldwide. Several countries suffered substantial economic losses due to animal death and reduced meat and milk production. Therefore, it became necessary to discover a new alternative drug, especially with the emerging resistance to current medications. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect of different concentrations of biobased silver nanoparticles on T. vitulorum adults.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Different concentrations of silver nanoparticles were synthesised using lemon juice. Groups of male and female adult worms were incubated in 50, 100, and 200 mg/L silver nanoparticles for 48 h. The parasite motility, histology, and biochemical parameters were observed and compared to the control.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results showed that silver nanoparticles decreased the worm motility, increased mortality rate, induced structural damage, caused collagen disruption, and showed elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, total protein, urea, and creatinine, as well as reduced levels of acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein in a dose-dependent manner.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Silver nanoparticles established a significant anthelmintic effect against T. vitulorum and could become one of the up-and-coming antiparasitic drugs in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10818,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43403580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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