Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230508124607
G. Gupta, G. Chaudhari, S. Bhirud, C. Sarode
Ionic liquids are promising green solvents with simple but unique structure-related physical properties such as negligible vapour pressure, exceptional thermal conductivity, remarkable thermal stability and their suitability and inertness towards a broad range of catalytic applications. CuO NPs have been addressed as a cost-effective and a reagent of a choice that necessitates only mild reaction conditions to offer a high yield of the desired products with exceptional selectivity in a short duration of time. Therefore, in the present work, attempts have been made to explore the catalytic potentials of CuO NPs in an ionic liquid medium to synthesize biologically important bis(indolyl)methanes. Catalytic explorations of metal oxide nanoparticles in ionic liquids offers a cooperative effect that has a significant impact on the kinetics as well as on the outcome of the reaction. Therefore, such catalytic systems in the present times have seized the scientific community's interest from the perspectives of sustainable development in synthetic organic chemistry. The combination of metal oxide nanoparticles with highly tunable ionic liquids is not only used to synthesize simple organic molecules but also explored in the synthesis of complex organic molecules of high commercial and biological relevance. The current work offers a rapid and robust protocol for synthesizing bis(indolyl)methanes via electrophilic substitution reaction between indole and various aldehydes in the presence of a CuO nanoparticles-ionic liquid system. The discussion focuses on the high tolerance of different functionalities by the catalytic system leading to the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes. CuO NPs have been synthesized via the co-precipitation method using ionic liquid. The applicability of metal oxide nanoparticles-IL matrix was further investigated in synthesizing bis(indolyl)methanes. The FT-IR absorption below 600 cm-1 and the XRD pattern showing all the peaks in the diffraction diagram revealed the formation of CuO NPs. FESEM images show the flake-shaped morphology of CuO NPs and are found to be separated from the agglomerated clusters. Ionic liquid-CuO NPs matrix reveals good to exceptional catalytic properties, and their advancements as a catalytic system at room temperature open new avenues for synthetic organic chemists.
{"title":"An exceptional valorization of CuO Nanoparticles in ionic liquids as an efficient medium for the electrophilic substitution of indole towards the formation of bis(indolyl)methanes","authors":"G. Gupta, G. Chaudhari, S. Bhirud, C. Sarode","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230508124607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230508124607","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Ionic liquids are promising green solvents with simple but unique structure-related physical properties such as negligible vapour pressure, exceptional thermal conductivity, remarkable thermal stability and their suitability and inertness towards a broad range of catalytic applications. CuO NPs have been addressed as a cost-effective and a reagent of a choice that necessitates only mild reaction conditions to offer a high yield of the desired products with exceptional selectivity in a short duration of time. Therefore, in the present work, attempts have been made to explore the catalytic potentials of CuO NPs in an ionic liquid medium to synthesize biologically important bis(indolyl)methanes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Catalytic explorations of metal oxide nanoparticles in ionic liquids offers a cooperative effect that has a significant impact on the kinetics as well as on the outcome of the reaction. Therefore, such catalytic systems in the present times have seized the scientific community's interest from the perspectives of sustainable development in synthetic organic chemistry. The combination of metal oxide nanoparticles with highly tunable ionic liquids is not only used to synthesize simple organic molecules but also explored in the synthesis of complex organic molecules of high commercial and biological relevance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current work offers a rapid and robust protocol for synthesizing bis(indolyl)methanes via electrophilic substitution reaction between indole and various aldehydes in the presence of a CuO nanoparticles-ionic liquid system. The discussion focuses on the high tolerance of different functionalities by the catalytic system leading to the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CuO NPs have been synthesized via the co-precipitation method using ionic liquid. The applicability of metal oxide nanoparticles-IL matrix was further investigated in synthesizing bis(indolyl)methanes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The FT-IR absorption below 600 cm-1 and the XRD pattern showing all the peaks in the diffraction diagram revealed the formation of CuO NPs. FESEM images show the flake-shaped morphology of CuO NPs and are found to be separated from the agglomerated clusters.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ionic liquid-CuO NPs matrix reveals good to exceptional catalytic properties, and their advancements as a catalytic system at room temperature open new avenues for synthetic organic chemists.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49448261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230508140508
P. Upadhyay, Ramsha Aslam, V. Tiwari, S. Upadhyay
The development of nanosized drug-carrier systems has been investigated over the past few decades using various techniques. The two main categories of these systems are polymeric nanoparticles and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The toxicological risk associated with lipid nanoparticles is significantly lower than the danger associated with polymeric nanoparticles due to the materials' natural and biological origins. Lipid-based drug delivery systems like Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) are well-established nanotechnology systems for preparing all major pharmaceuticals. These delivery systems can be scaled up with easy manufacturing procedures and are biocompatible. NLCs are the second generation of lipid-based nanocarriers (SLNs), formed by combining solid and liquid biocompatible lipids to form an unstructured matrix that provides high entrapment efficiency of active constituents. LNPs can promote the distribution of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the target site. Increasing the active drug concentration to target organ LNPs enhances the therapeutic effectiveness and reduces the side effects. This paper reviews the structure of SLNs and different NLCs, various steps involved in manufacturing lipid nanoparticles, excipients used in the formulation, and applications for targeted drug delivery.
{"title":"Lipid-based Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Approach for Biomedical Application","authors":"P. Upadhyay, Ramsha Aslam, V. Tiwari, S. Upadhyay","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230508140508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230508140508","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The development of nanosized drug-carrier systems has been investigated over the past few decades using various techniques. The two main categories of these systems are polymeric nanoparticles and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The toxicological risk associated with lipid nanoparticles is significantly lower than the danger associated with polymeric nanoparticles due to the materials' natural and biological origins. Lipid-based drug delivery systems like Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) are well-established nanotechnology systems for preparing all major pharmaceuticals. These delivery systems can be scaled up with easy manufacturing procedures and are biocompatible. NLCs are the second generation of lipid-based nanocarriers (SLNs), formed by combining solid and liquid biocompatible lipids to form an unstructured matrix that provides high entrapment efficiency of active constituents. LNPs can promote the distribution of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the target site. Increasing the active drug concentration to target organ LNPs enhances the therapeutic effectiveness and reduces the side effects. This paper reviews the structure of SLNs and different NLCs, various steps involved in manufacturing lipid nanoparticles, excipients used in the formulation, and applications for targeted drug delivery.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41957738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230505093626
K. C. Chong, P. S. Ho, S. Lai, W. Chong, S. Shuit
The use of membrane technology has developed rapidly since the proposal of the Robeson upper bound. Nevertheless, the researchers proposed various methods and techniques to enhance the permeability and selectivity to achieve a breakthrough of the upper bound. Metal-organic framework (MOF) and covalent organic framework (COF) were the recentlyinterest- arising materials enhancing gas separation performance. In this study, recent advances in MOF and COF were comprehensively discussed in terms of the materials, properties and synthesis method. Later, the MOF and COF nanocomposite mixed matrix membrane development was discussed to evaluate the recent improvement of these membranes used in the O2/N2 gas separation performance. This work intends to overview the recent progress and development of the metal-organic framework, covalent organic frameworks and the used nanocomposite membrane in O2/N2 gas separation. This topic review was carried out from a thorough literature review of metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks and the used nanocomposite membrane in O2/N2 gas separation. Additionally, the recent achievement of the O2/N2 gas separation by nanocomposite membrane in term of permeability and selectivity are also discussed. Findings from this study suggested that MOF and COF-based nanocomposite membranes could be used in either the O2/N2 and N2/O2 gas separation process with the possibility of being involved in the gas production sector.
{"title":"A Review of the Current Progress of Metal-organic Framework and Covalent Organic Framework Nanocomposite Membrane in O2/N2 Gas Separation","authors":"K. C. Chong, P. S. Ho, S. Lai, W. Chong, S. Shuit","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230505093626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230505093626","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The use of membrane technology has developed rapidly since the proposal of\u0000the Robeson upper bound. Nevertheless, the researchers proposed various methods and techniques to\u0000enhance the permeability and selectivity to achieve a breakthrough of the upper bound.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Metal-organic framework (MOF) and covalent organic framework (COF) were the recentlyinterest- arising materials enhancing gas separation performance. In this study, recent advances in\u0000MOF and COF were comprehensively discussed in terms of the materials, properties and synthesis\u0000method. Later, the MOF and COF nanocomposite mixed matrix membrane development was discussed to evaluate the recent improvement of these membranes used in the O2/N2 gas separation performance. This work intends to overview the recent progress and development of the metal-organic\u0000framework, covalent organic frameworks and the used nanocomposite membrane in O2/N2 gas separation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This topic review was carried out from a thorough literature review of metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks and the used nanocomposite membrane in O2/N2 gas separation.\u0000Additionally, the recent achievement of the O2/N2 gas separation by nanocomposite membrane in term\u0000of permeability and selectivity are also discussed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings from this study suggested that MOF and COF-based nanocomposite membranes\u0000could be used in either the O2/N2 and N2/O2 gas separation process with the possibility of being involved in the gas production sector.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42345754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230502115035
Amlan Kumar Das, Shivendra Singh, Shivangi Sharma, Snigdha Das
Due to the remarkable and unique qualities of spider silk, it has much applicability in the coming days. The complicated diversity and structure of spider silk ensure its use in both nature and industry. Based on the uniqueness and distinctive qualities associated with spider silks, advancements in cloning and expression of these silks are a growing area of research and industrial use. The environmentally triggered spider silk assembly and further disassembly, the creation of fibers, films, and novel chimeric composite materials from genetically modified spider silks are interesting areas of research in nanotechnology. In this context, we have discussed the creation of hybrids made of spider silk that combine with organic nanoparticles, both naturally occurring and bioengineered spider silk proteins. The diversity of spider silk, its composition and architecture, the distinctions between spider silk and silkworm silk, and the biosynthesis of natural silk are also discussed. This article describes the current issues and expected outcomes using biochemical data and processes.
{"title":"Spider Silk: Biosynthesis, Properties & Bioengineering","authors":"Amlan Kumar Das, Shivendra Singh, Shivangi Sharma, Snigdha Das","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230502115035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230502115035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Due to the remarkable and unique qualities of spider silk, it has much applicability in the\u0000coming days. The complicated diversity and structure of spider silk ensure its use in both nature and\u0000industry. Based on the uniqueness and distinctive qualities associated with spider silks, advancements\u0000in cloning and expression of these silks are a growing area of research and industrial use. The environmentally triggered spider silk assembly and further disassembly, the creation of fibers, films, and\u0000novel chimeric composite materials from genetically modified spider silks are interesting areas of research in nanotechnology. In this context, we have discussed the creation of hybrids made of spider\u0000silk that combine with organic nanoparticles, both naturally occurring and bioengineered spider silk\u0000proteins. The diversity of spider silk, its composition and architecture, the distinctions between spider\u0000silk and silkworm silk, and the biosynthesis of natural silk are also discussed. This article describes the\u0000current issues and expected outcomes using biochemical data and processes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48793413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.2174/240546150801221206160541
Manoj Gupta
{"title":"Meet the Editor in Chief","authors":"Manoj Gupta","doi":"10.2174/240546150801221206160541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/240546150801221206160541","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230330112404
L. Lai, Linggao Shi, Cheong Ying Huay, S. Yeap, Y. Yeong
By virtue of the rapid development of technologies in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, additive manufacturing technology enables faster production, diverse raw materials, infinite shapes and geometries for fine products as compared to traditional manufacturing methods. Among many manufacturing materials, nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their wide variety, high strength, and effect of catalytic, quantum, surface and boundary. From the aspect of an industrial manufacturing process, the practical advantages of using additive manufacturing techniques to fabricate nanomaterial-incorporated membranes for gas separation are valuable. This paper reviews the potential of using additive manufacturing in the fabrication of membranes incorporated with nanomaterials for gas separation.
{"title":"Review on the role of nanomaterials in membrane fabrication via additive manufacturing for gas separation","authors":"L. Lai, Linggao Shi, Cheong Ying Huay, S. Yeap, Y. Yeong","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230330112404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230330112404","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000By virtue of the rapid development of technologies in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, additive manufacturing technology enables faster production, diverse raw materials, infinite shapes and geometries for fine products as compared to traditional manufacturing methods. Among many manufacturing materials, nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their wide variety, high strength, and effect of catalytic, quantum, surface and boundary. From the aspect of an industrial manufacturing process, the practical advantages of using additive manufacturing techniques to fabricate nanomaterial-incorporated membranes for gas separation are valuable. This paper reviews the potential of using additive manufacturing in the fabrication of membranes incorporated with nanomaterials for gas separation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49528838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230329100850
A. Adewuyi, Woei Jye Lau
Semiconductors have gained recognition as efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of antibiotics in water. However, their performance is limited due to poor absorption of light, recombination of electron-hole pairs, and poor recovery from an aqueous solution. This study reviewed the in- clusion of semiconductor nanoparticles in a metal-organic framework (MOF), forming nanoparticle@MOF composite to overcome these challenges. Three methods including ship-in-bottle, bottle- around-ship, and one-step synthesis were identified for the synthesis of nanoparticle@MOF compo- site. Among the synthesis methods, the one-step method remains promising with high prospects. Na- noparticle@MOF composite has exhibited high efficiency in removing antibiotics in an aqueous system utilizing visible light as a photo source for promoting the process. Despite the success achieved, there is a need for large-scale studies and cost evaluation to understand better the feasibility and economic implications of the nanoparticle@MOF composite technique as an affordable technique for the purification of an antibiotic-contaminated water system.
{"title":"Preparation of Nanoparticle Doped Metal-organic Framework (MOF) and its Potential Use for Photodegradation of Antibiotics in Water: A Review","authors":"A. Adewuyi, Woei Jye Lau","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230329100850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230329100850","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Semiconductors have gained recognition as efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of\u0000antibiotics in water. However, their performance is limited due to poor absorption of light, recombination of electron-hole pairs, and poor recovery from an aqueous solution. This study reviewed the in-\u0000clusion of semiconductor nanoparticles in a metal-organic framework (MOF), forming nanoparticle@MOF composite to overcome these challenges. Three methods including ship-in-bottle, bottle-\u0000around-ship, and one-step synthesis were identified for the synthesis of nanoparticle@MOF compo-\u0000site. Among the synthesis methods, the one-step method remains promising with high prospects. Na-\u0000noparticle@MOF composite has exhibited high efficiency in removing antibiotics in an aqueous system utilizing visible light as a photo source for promoting the process. Despite the success achieved,\u0000there is a need for large-scale studies and cost evaluation to understand better the feasibility and economic implications of the nanoparticle@MOF composite technique as an affordable technique for the purification of an antibiotic-contaminated water system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44364069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230329122937
A. Krishna sailaja, Thoudaboina Meghana
Despite exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and anti-cancer properties, curcumin is not exhibiting the same efficacy as that other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and anti-cancer drugs. The main reason is its poor solubility and poor permeability. To improve the solubility the particle size has to be reduced to the nano level and to improve the permeability vesicular drug delivery approaches have to be adapted. By developing invasomal and ethosomal gels the bioavailability of curcumin can be enhanced The main aim of the study is to develop Invasomal and Ethosomal drug delivery systems for curcumin by various techniques Curcumin loaded invasomes were prepared by using a thin film hydration method. Six formulations were prepared by varying drug to lipid ratios (INV1 to INV6). Soya lecithin was used as a phospholipid, span60 was used as a surfactant, limonene was used as terpene, ethanol and chloroform were used as solvents. Curcumin-loaded ethosomes were prepared by using a hot method. Five formulations were prepared by increasing lipid concentration (E1 to E5). Soya lecithin as lipid, propylene glycol, and ethanol as solvent. The prepared formulations were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, drug content, entrapment efficiency. and in vitro drug release studies Among all the formulations of Invasomes, INV3 formulation containing a 1:5 ratio of the drug (40mg) to lipid (200mg) was considered as best formulation because of its particle size of 327. A total of 1nm, zeta potential of -32.6mV, highest drug content of 97.5%, entrapment efficiency of 96%, and in vitro drug release of 95% in a time period of 12hrs. Among all the formulations of ethosomes, the E3 formulation was considered as best formulation due to its particle size of 697.5 nm, zeta potential of -28.0Mv, highest drug content of 97.3%, entrapment efficiency of 90%, and in vitro drug release of 94.6% in a time period of 12hrs. The best invasomal and ethosomal formulations were incorporated into gel and evaluated for pH, viscosity, Spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release studies, and ex vivo studies. INV3 and E3 were incorporated into gel and comparative studies were made with plain gel. Among the three gels (PG, INV3G, E3G), invasomal gel (INV3) exhibited the highest content drug content of 81%, pH of 6.6, spreadability 14.8g cm/sec, invitro drug release of 90.6%, ,and ex vivo drug release of 97% in a time period of 12hrs with the release rate of 32.53 microgram/cm2/hr-1/2, the flux of 0.346µg/cm2/hr and permeation coefficient of 42.71cm/hr
{"title":"FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF INVASOMAL AND ETHOSOMAL GEL FOR CURCUMIN AND DETERMINATION OF ANTI- FUNGAL ACTIVITY","authors":"A. Krishna sailaja, Thoudaboina Meghana","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230329122937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230329122937","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Despite exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and anti-cancer properties, curcumin is not exhibiting the same efficacy as that other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and anti-cancer drugs. The main reason is its poor solubility and poor permeability. To improve the solubility the particle size has to be reduced to the nano level and to improve the permeability vesicular drug delivery approaches have to be adapted. By developing invasomal and ethosomal gels the bioavailability of curcumin can be enhanced\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The main aim of the study is to develop Invasomal and Ethosomal drug delivery systems for curcumin by various techniques\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Curcumin loaded invasomes were prepared by using a thin film hydration method. Six formulations were prepared by varying drug to lipid ratios (INV1 to INV6). Soya lecithin was used as a phospholipid, span60 was used as a surfactant, limonene was used as terpene, ethanol and chloroform were used as solvents. Curcumin-loaded ethosomes were prepared by using a hot method. Five formulations were prepared by increasing lipid concentration (E1 to E5). Soya lecithin as lipid, propylene glycol, and ethanol as solvent. The prepared formulations were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, drug content, entrapment efficiency. and in vitro drug release studies\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Among all the formulations of Invasomes, INV3 formulation containing a 1:5 ratio of the drug (40mg) to lipid (200mg) was considered as best formulation because of its particle size of 327. A total of 1nm, zeta potential of -32.6mV, highest drug content of 97.5%, entrapment efficiency of 96%, and in vitro drug release of 95% in a time period of 12hrs. Among all the formulations of ethosomes, the E3 formulation was considered as best formulation due to its particle size of 697.5 nm, zeta potential of -28.0Mv, highest drug content of 97.3%, entrapment efficiency of 90%, and in vitro drug release of 94.6% in a time period of 12hrs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The best invasomal and ethosomal formulations were incorporated into gel and evaluated for pH, viscosity, Spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release studies, and ex vivo studies. INV3 and E3 were incorporated into gel and comparative studies were made with plain gel. Among the three gels (PG, INV3G, E3G), invasomal gel (INV3) exhibited the highest \u0000content drug content of 81%, pH of 6.6, spreadability 14.8g cm/sec, invitro drug release of 90.6%, ,and ex vivo drug release of 97% in a time period of 12hrs with the release rate of 32.53 microgram/cm2/hr-1/2, the flux of 0.346µg/cm2/hr and permeation coefficient of 42.71cm/hr\u0000","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48620383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230324084617
S. K. Dev, P. Choudhury, Rajnish Srivastava, Vaibhav Rathore
The aim of the present investigation was to develop a polyherbal nano gel (PHNG) formulation capable of acting as a potential vehicle to deliver polyherbal phytoconstituents topically. Individual herbs, according to Ayurveda, are insufficient to deliver the intended medicinal effect. It will have a better therapeutic impact with less toxicity when it is optimized as multiple herb combinations in a certain ratio. The objective of this study was to create a polyherbal gel for the delivery of medication from methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica Linn, Datura stramonium Linn, and Argemone mexicana Linn. this work include methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica stem, Datura stramonium leaves, Argimone Mexicana areal part. The polyherbal-based nanogel was prepared by low energy self-emulsification technique, and was evaluated for pH, viscosity and spreadability, stability, and drug release. The drug release profile of stable nanogel formulations was studied at various time intervals. Furthermore, the prepared nanogel was characterized by zeta-potential, zeta-sizer, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Optimized PHNG had particle size and zeta potential of 11.25nm and -25.73 mV respectively. TEM analysis of optimized formulation revealed the spherical shape of particles. Furthermore, the optimized formulation was found to possess higher stability with a maximum extended cumulative release of up to 240 minutes We have formulated a polyherbal nanogel that can be validated by physiochemical and surface characterization.
{"title":"Formulation and optimization of polyherbal Nanogel for dermatological applications","authors":"S. K. Dev, P. Choudhury, Rajnish Srivastava, Vaibhav Rathore","doi":"10.2174/2405461508666230324084617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405461508666230324084617","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present investigation was to develop a polyherbal nano gel (PHNG) formulation capable of acting as a potential vehicle to deliver polyherbal phytoconstituents topically. Individual herbs, according to Ayurveda, are insufficient to deliver the intended medicinal effect. It will have a better therapeutic impact with less toxicity when it is optimized as multiple herb combinations in a certain ratio. The objective of this study was to create a polyherbal gel for the delivery of medication from methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica Linn, Datura stramonium Linn, and Argemone mexicana Linn. this work include methanolic extracts of Plumbago zeylanica stem, Datura stramonium leaves, Argimone Mexicana areal part. The polyherbal-based nanogel was prepared by low energy self-emulsification technique, and was evaluated for pH, viscosity and spreadability, stability, and drug release. The drug release profile of stable nanogel formulations was studied at various time intervals. Furthermore, the prepared nanogel was characterized by zeta-potential, zeta-sizer, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Optimized PHNG had particle size and zeta potential of 11.25nm and -25.73 mV respectively. TEM analysis of optimized formulation revealed the spherical shape of particles. Furthermore, the optimized formulation was found to possess higher stability with a maximum extended cumulative release of up to 240 minutes We have formulated a polyherbal nanogel that can be validated by physiochemical and surface characterization.","PeriodicalId":10924,"journal":{"name":"Current Nanomaterials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42284603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.2174/2405461508666230221143138
Amanullakhan Pathan, R. Patel, C. P. Bhasin
Water is the most critical component of the earth's ecosystem because it is fundamental to the survival of plants and animals. However, our water supply is continuously polluting. Removing contaminants from water is a crucial part of addressing water scarcity and maintaining a healthy ecosystem for all. This review focuses on adsorption and the CNTs/AC family nano adsorbents and their contribution to the removal of fluoride and other contaminants. Many types of wastewater treatment methods have been employed, including precipitation, ion-exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration, etc. A water technology with great efficiency and low cost, without requiring costly infrastructure, is the most preferred option due to adsorption. Recently, the application of carbon family nanomaterials as adsorbents has been prevalent due to their phenomenal surface properties, simple customization, immense specific surface area, numerous variations in structural type, chemical stability, porosity, low density, ease of regeneration, and the ability to be reused. Hazardous contaminants, such as fluoride, generate major public health risks. Water contamination by heavy metals provides a significant health concern, including an increased chance of getting diseases like cancer, anaemia, carcinogenic effects, and acute effects in children. The increased presence of fluoride in water could cause fluorosis, joint pain, severe anaemia, and other problems. The following review focuses on current findings regarding the utilisation of CNTs and AC nanoparticles in the elimination of harmful contaminants and fluoride.
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