Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and the rising trend in the globe has created great concern in recent times. Since the synthetic drugs used to treat diabetes causes a large number of side effects, so the discovery of a novel plantbased drug molecule is necessary. The gum resin of Boswellia serrata contains a large number of molecule used to treat many numbers of diseases including the diabetes mellitus. The present work is an in silico approach to identify the boswellic acid derivative that can be suitably used for diabetes treatment. The ligand boswellic acid derivatives for the present study were obtained from searching the PubChem database followed by filtration and energy minimization of the molecules were performed. The receptor molecular structure of human alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase were retrieved from the Protein Data bank (PDB). Molecular docking was performed by using the Autodock Vina tool. The alpha boswellic acid (PubChem ID 637234) showsthe highest affinity towards the selected two enzymes. Then the amino acid binding residues, as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of these derivatives, were predicted and analyzed. After overall analysis, the alpha boswellic acid showed an excellent pharmacokinetic profile, except for solubility. Hence it was predicted to be the best inhibitor among the selected boswellic acid derivatives and can be used to treat diabetes mellitus.
糖尿病是一种代谢性疾病，近年来在全球范围内呈上升趋势，引起了人们的极大关注。由于用于治疗糖尿病的合成药物会产生大量副作用，因此有必要发现一种新型的植物药物分子。锯状Boswellia serrata的树胶树脂含有大量的分子，用于治疗包括糖尿病在内的多种疾病。目前的工作是一种在计算机上鉴定可适用于糖尿病治疗的博斯韦尔酸衍生物的方法。用于本研究的配体博斯韦尔酸衍生物是通过搜索PubChem数据库获得的，然后进行过滤和分子的能量最小化。人α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的受体分子结构从蛋白质数据库（PDB）中检索。使用Autodock Vina工具进行分子对接。α-博斯韦尔酸（PubChem ID 637234）对所选择的两种酶显示出最高的亲和力。然后对这些衍生物的氨基酸结合残基以及药代动力学特性进行了预测和分析。经过全面分析，除溶解度外，α-博威尔酸显示出良好的药代动力学特征。因此，它被预测为所选的博韦酸衍生物中最好的抑制剂，可用于治疗糖尿病。
{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Nature of some Boswellic Acid Derivatives by Molecular Docking Method","authors":"R. Satpathy","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and the rising trend in the globe has created great concern in recent times. Since the synthetic drugs used to treat diabetes causes a large number of side effects, so the discovery of a novel plantbased drug molecule is necessary. The gum resin of Boswellia serrata contains a large number of molecule used to treat many numbers of diseases including the diabetes mellitus. The present work is an in silico approach to identify the boswellic acid derivative that can be suitably used for diabetes treatment. The ligand boswellic acid derivatives for the present study were obtained from searching the PubChem database followed by filtration and energy minimization of the molecules were performed. The receptor molecular structure of human alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase were retrieved from the Protein Data bank (PDB). Molecular docking was performed by using the Autodock Vina tool. The alpha boswellic acid (PubChem ID 637234) showsthe highest affinity towards the selected two enzymes. Then the amino acid binding residues, as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of these derivatives, were predicted and analyzed. After overall analysis, the alpha boswellic acid showed an excellent pharmacokinetic profile, except for solubility. Hence it was predicted to be the best inhibitor among the selected boswellic acid derivatives and can be used to treat diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46942857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Efficacy and safety of polyherbal formulations was based on non-nutritive and nutritive contents. Present work deals with estimation of non-nutritive phytochemicals such as total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, antioxidant activity and nutritive elements and heavy metals content of polyherbal formulations of Sitopaladi and Talisadichurna. Results have revealed that total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of Sitopaladichurna extracts were rich in SC1 followed by SC3, SC2 and SC4, and in case of Talisadichurna extracts, the order was TC3 followed by TC2, TC1 and TC4. This specifies that substantial positive linear correlation occurred between total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The herbal formulations disclosed higher scavenging ability with DPPH, ABTS.+ and reducing power than standard ascorbic acid. The extracts displayed better antioxidant activity which also contains higher phenolic contents, indicating that there was a correlation. Findings unveil that herbal formulations were found to be rich source of macro and micronutrients. Furthermore, heavy metals such as Arsenic, Chromium, Cadmium and Lead were not detected at noticeable concentrations in herbal medicines and Mercury concentrations were below the detection limit (< 0.3 mg/kg).
{"title":"Evaluation of Nutritive, Non-Nutritive Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Polyherbal Formulations","authors":"H. Patnala, G. Ramana, B. Babu","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Efficacy and safety of polyherbal formulations was based on non-nutritive and nutritive contents. Present work deals with estimation of non-nutritive phytochemicals such as total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, antioxidant activity and nutritive elements and heavy metals content of polyherbal formulations of Sitopaladi and Talisadichurna. Results have revealed that total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of Sitopaladichurna extracts were rich in SC1 followed by SC3, SC2 and SC4, and in case of Talisadichurna extracts, the order was TC3 followed by TC2, TC1 and TC4. This specifies that substantial positive linear correlation occurred between total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The herbal formulations disclosed higher scavenging ability with DPPH, ABTS.+ and reducing power than standard ascorbic acid. The extracts displayed better antioxidant activity which also contains higher phenolic contents, indicating that there was a correlation. Findings unveil that herbal formulations were found to be rich source of macro and micronutrients. Furthermore, heavy metals such as Arsenic, Chromium, Cadmium and Lead were not detected at noticeable concentrations in herbal medicines and Mercury concentrations were below the detection limit (< 0.3 mg/kg).","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"124-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44470684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Rashmi, K. Ganesh, S. Kishore, V. Suryanarayana, G. R. Reddy, Prithvi S Shirahatti, R. Ramu
A study has been conducted to measure the immunization efficacy of route of inoculation between intra dermal (ID) and intra muscular (IM) in guinea pigs, using FMD vaccines. Three different vaccine formulations of varying concentrations containing full dose, 1/5th dose, 1/10th dose were prepared and injected either intra muscularly or intra dermal to six different groups of guinea pigs. At 30th day post vaccination, all the animals were challenged. Efficacy of route was defined in terms of serum neutralizing antibodies, IgG1 and IgG2 isotype response and challenge studies. When compared with guinea pigs that were intramuscularly vaccinated with a full dose vaccine, guinea pigs vaccinated intra dermal with 1/5th dose of the vaccine were 60% protected against clinical disease. Thus, we conclude that ID route is a good alternative for IM route, as ID route has shown to induce a very efficient immunological response against FMD. Moreover, the dose required by the ID route is lower compared to the IM route with an added benefit of reduced requirement of antigen and costs per dose of FMD vaccine.
{"title":"Immunological Evaluation of Influence of Dose and Route of Immunization with FMD Serotype ‘A’ Vaccine in Guinea Pigs","authors":"L. Rashmi, K. Ganesh, S. Kishore, V. Suryanarayana, G. R. Reddy, Prithvi S Shirahatti, R. Ramu","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"A study has been conducted to measure the immunization efficacy of route of inoculation between intra dermal (ID) and intra muscular (IM) in guinea pigs, using FMD vaccines. Three different vaccine formulations of varying concentrations containing full dose, 1/5th dose, 1/10th dose were prepared and injected either intra muscularly or intra dermal to six different groups of guinea pigs. At 30th day post vaccination, all the animals were challenged. Efficacy of route was defined in terms of serum neutralizing antibodies, IgG1 and IgG2 isotype response and challenge studies. When compared with guinea pigs that were intramuscularly vaccinated with a full dose vaccine, guinea pigs vaccinated intra dermal with 1/5th dose of the vaccine were 60% protected against clinical disease. Thus, we conclude that ID route is a good alternative for IM route, as ID route has shown to induce a very efficient immunological response against FMD. Moreover, the dose required by the ID route is lower compared to the IM route with an added benefit of reduced requirement of antigen and costs per dose of FMD vaccine.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"133-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43469623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Eissa, Heba A. Dahdooh, W. A. Ibrahim, H. El-Refai
This investigation was carried out to study the characterization and kinetics of the partially purified Aspergillus ficuum tannase enzyme for commercial scale application in the clarification and detannification of juices like grape. pH, temperature and optimum substrate concentration were determined for the tannase enzyme activity from Aspergillus ficuum. Also, the Crude and partial purified enzyme were tested for detannification grape juice quality characteristics. Results evidenced that it was found that the optimum partial purified tannase parameters were: temperature 50 oC, PH 5.5 and substrate concentration 1.6% as a tannic acidwith 6.155 specific activities of partial purified tannase enzyme with 225.46% relative activity higher than its control. The tannase enzyme showed a higher temperature and lower pH optima than the soluble enzyme and showed 81.61% and 66.36 % tannin removal from grape juice by crude enzyme and partial purified enzyme treatment, respectively at 37 oC, which has not been reported earlier. Also, maximum velocity of reaction (Vmax) and Michaeli’s constant (Km) values were 0.72 and 1.45 for partially purified tannase enzyme activity, respectively. Overall the quality of grape juice was better in partial pure tannase treated juice compared with untreated and crude enzyme treated juice. The present study exposed thatthis enzyme could demonstrate a valuable tool for a number of biotechnological applications. Also, the application of this enzyme on juice clarification also states that it can be employed in fruit juice processing for removal of tannin efficiently.
{"title":"Kinetic Studies of Aspergillus ficuum Tannase Enzyme and its Application in Detannification of Grape Juice","authors":"H. Eissa, Heba A. Dahdooh, W. A. Ibrahim, H. El-Refai","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was carried out to study the characterization and kinetics of the partially purified Aspergillus ficuum tannase enzyme for commercial scale application in the clarification and detannification of juices like grape. pH, temperature and optimum substrate concentration were determined for the tannase enzyme activity from Aspergillus ficuum. Also, the Crude and partial purified enzyme were tested for detannification grape juice quality characteristics. Results evidenced that it was found that the optimum partial purified tannase parameters were: temperature 50 oC, PH 5.5 and substrate concentration 1.6% as a tannic acidwith 6.155 specific activities of partial purified tannase enzyme with 225.46% relative activity higher than its control. The tannase enzyme showed a higher temperature and lower pH optima than the soluble enzyme and showed 81.61% and 66.36 % tannin removal from grape juice by crude enzyme and partial purified enzyme treatment, respectively at 37 oC, which has not been reported earlier. Also, maximum velocity of reaction (Vmax) and Michaeli’s constant (Km) values were 0.72 and 1.45 for partially purified tannase enzyme activity, respectively. Overall the quality of grape juice was better in partial pure tannase treated juice compared with untreated and crude enzyme treated juice. The present study exposed thatthis enzyme could demonstrate a valuable tool for a number of biotechnological applications. Also, the application of this enzyme on juice clarification also states that it can be employed in fruit juice processing for removal of tannin efficiently.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"220-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44666049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most common complication of childhood cancer treatment with mortality rates of untreated patients up to 21%. The recognition and management of FN is fundamental to preserve the children health status and avoid life-threatening complications. Physical and laboratory assessments should be performed in every patient with FN to identify any potential site of infection to be promptly treated. Hence, an empiric antimicrobial therapy remains the gold standard for the management of these patients. Antimicrobial treatment should be based on local epidemiological data and antibiotic susceptibility; a combination of a fourth-generation antipseudomonal cephalosporin with an aminoglycoside is generally adopted. Empirical administration of glycopeptides, in absence of documented Gram-positive bacterial infection is not recommended for routine use. Despite the progress in the management of febrile neutropenia and its relatively low mortality, the emergence of resistant pathogens is increasing, and the development of new effective antimicrobials are needed. Established criteria for a risk adapted approach is still lacking and no definitive data supporting the duration of empiric treatment are present. De-escalation strategies should be implemented to reduce both antibiotic exposure and resistance as well as hospital stay.
{"title":"Management of Febrile Neutropenia in Children with Cancer","authors":"G. Attina’, Raffaele Tepedino, A. Ruggiero","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most common complication of childhood cancer treatment with mortality rates of untreated patients up to 21%. \u0000The recognition and management of FN is fundamental to preserve the children health status and avoid life-threatening complications. Physical and laboratory assessments should be performed in every patient with FN to identify any potential site of infection to be promptly treated. Hence, an empiric antimicrobial therapy remains the gold standard for the management of these patients. Antimicrobial treatment should be based on local epidemiological data and antibiotic susceptibility; a combination of a fourth-generation antipseudomonal cephalosporin with an aminoglycoside is generally adopted. Empirical administration of glycopeptides, in absence of documented Gram-positive bacterial infection is not recommended for routine use. Despite the progress in the management of febrile neutropenia and its relatively low mortality, the emergence of resistant pathogens is increasing, and the development of new effective antimicrobials are needed. Established criteria for a risk adapted approach is still lacking and no definitive data supporting the duration of empiric treatment are present. De-escalation strategies should be implemented to reduce both antibiotic exposure and resistance as well as hospital stay.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46191574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research into new ways to administer medications within the body remains relevant. The study aims to analyze the particularities of piroxicam kinetics in zein-pectin complexes during ex vivo experiments in a medium simulating the gastrointestinal tract of laboratory rats. Studies were performed in 2019 with 30 laboratory Wistar rats. During 3 days, rats received 2.5 ml of 2% pectin solution per day. The ratio between pectin and zein was 3:1. Rats were mortified, and their intestines were then dissected into 3-cm fragments. The obtained samples were placed in containers with 5 ml of saline phosphate buffer solution (solution pH = 6.4). Gastrointestinal contents and pectin apple and citrus complexes with low methylation were incubated to study the kinetics of piroxicam. Pectin complexes varied in dry carrier mass: the citrus complex was 1.3 times greater than the apple complex (pd”0.05). It was also observed that the release time of 50% of the volume of piroxicam was 1.3 times faster for the citrus complex (pd”0.05) than for the apple complex. In terms of swelling index, citrus complexes were 1.9 times larger than apple complexes (pd”0.01). Citrus complexes contained a lower concentration of piroxicam (1.3 times, pd”0.05) relative to apple complexes. The longterm effect of piroxicam release from pectin complexes was established during the experiment. This is likely due to the slow swelling of the ion part of the polymer mesh under hydrophobic solution conditions. The latter was represented in the experiment by the phosphate buffer and the content of the gastrointestinal tract. The limiting factor that influenced the release kinetics of piroxicam from pectin complexes is its diffusion process from the pectin complex. A high correlation was observed between the 50% piroxicam release and the square root of time in both complexes (0.98). Apple pectin was 3.0 times larger than the constant (p d”0.01). The kinetics analysis demonstrated their linear directionality over approximately 40 hours.
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Piroxicam Pharmaceutical Forms: An Experimental Study","authors":"I. Men'shikova, O. V. Zakharova","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Research into new ways to administer medications within the body remains relevant. The study aims to analyze the particularities of piroxicam kinetics in zein-pectin complexes during ex vivo experiments in a medium simulating the gastrointestinal tract of laboratory rats. Studies were performed in 2019 with 30 laboratory Wistar rats. During 3 days, rats received 2.5 ml of 2% pectin solution per day. The ratio between pectin and zein was 3:1. Rats were mortified, and their intestines were then dissected into 3-cm fragments. The obtained samples were placed in containers with 5 ml of saline phosphate buffer solution (solution pH = 6.4). Gastrointestinal contents and pectin apple and citrus complexes with low methylation were incubated to study the kinetics of piroxicam. Pectin complexes varied in dry carrier mass: the citrus complex was 1.3 times greater than the apple complex (pd”0.05). It was also observed that the release time of 50% of the volume of piroxicam was 1.3 times faster for the citrus complex (pd”0.05) than for the apple complex. In terms of swelling index, citrus complexes were 1.9 times larger than apple complexes (pd”0.01). Citrus complexes contained a lower concentration of piroxicam (1.3 times, pd”0.05) relative to apple complexes. The longterm effect of piroxicam release from pectin complexes was established during the experiment. This is likely due to the slow swelling of the ion part of the polymer mesh under hydrophobic solution conditions. The latter was represented in the experiment by the phosphate buffer and the content of the gastrointestinal tract. The limiting factor that influenced the release kinetics of piroxicam from pectin complexes is its diffusion process from the pectin complex. A high correlation was observed between the 50% piroxicam release and the square root of time in both complexes (0.98). Apple pectin was 3.0 times larger than the constant (p d”0.01). The kinetics analysis demonstrated their linear directionality over approximately 40 hours.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"164-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42429342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. VigneshwaraReddy, C. Reddy, A. C. Sekhar, P. C. O. Reddy, K. Srinivasulu
The inhibition of α-glucosidase and α- amylase, enzymes which are implicated in the digestion of carbohydrates, can evidently decrease the post-prandial increase of blood glucose levels. It can be an significant approach in the management of blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic and borderline patients. At present, there is renewed attention in plant-based medicines and functional foods modulating physiological reactions in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and obesity. The plant kingdom is a extensive field to investigate for natural effective oral hyperglycemic agents that have insignificant or no side effects. Consequently, natural α- glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors from plant sources offer an prominent strategy for the control of hyperglycemia. Nowadays majority of the people divert towards millets and taken the millets as a meal in the place of rice as because they show key results on who are suffering from hyperglycemia. Foxtail millet [Setariaitalica (L.) P. Beauv.] is a member of poaceae grass family found in both arid and semi-arid regions which is principally used as a fodder and cereal crop. All the food products prepared from foxtail millet are efficient in reducing the blood glucose levels both in normal as well as diabetic patients. To identify human α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors phenolic compounds (Vanillic acid, Ferulic acid) and flavonoid (Kaempferol) of foxtail millets were screened using the structural based molecular docking approach. The findings of this study revealed that all the tested compounds exhibited inhibitory activity against both the enzymes. Comparatively among the three inhibitors tested kaempferol flavonoid was more effective with - 261.79Kcal/mol and -404.66Kcal/mol of binding free energy values against α-amylase and α- glucosidase correspondingly. This insilco study paves the way to further research on foxtail millets (Setariaitalica L.) inhibitory compounds associated with hyperglycemia.
{"title":"A New Insights and Novel Targets for Hyperglycemia from Foxtail Millet (Setariaitalica L.) using Molecular Docking Studies","authors":"B. VigneshwaraReddy, C. Reddy, A. C. Sekhar, P. C. O. Reddy, K. Srinivasulu","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibition of α-glucosidase and α- amylase, enzymes which are implicated in the digestion of carbohydrates, can evidently decrease the post-prandial increase of blood glucose levels. It can be an significant approach in the management of blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic and borderline patients. At present, there is renewed attention in plant-based medicines and functional foods modulating physiological reactions in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and obesity. The plant kingdom is a extensive field to investigate for natural effective oral hyperglycemic agents that have insignificant or no side effects. Consequently, natural α- glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors from plant sources offer an prominent strategy for the control of hyperglycemia. Nowadays majority of the people divert towards millets and taken the millets as a meal in the place of rice as because they show key results on who are suffering from hyperglycemia. Foxtail millet [Setariaitalica (L.) P. Beauv.] is a member of poaceae grass family found in both arid and semi-arid regions which is principally used as a fodder and cereal crop. All the food products prepared from foxtail millet are efficient in reducing the blood glucose levels both in normal as well as diabetic patients. To identify human α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors phenolic compounds (Vanillic acid, Ferulic acid) and flavonoid (Kaempferol) of foxtail millets were screened using the structural based molecular docking approach. The findings of this study revealed that all the tested compounds exhibited inhibitory activity against both the enzymes. Comparatively among the three inhibitors tested kaempferol flavonoid was more effective with - 261.79Kcal/mol and -404.66Kcal/mol of binding free energy values against α-amylase and α- glucosidase correspondingly. This insilco study paves the way to further research on foxtail millets (Setariaitalica L.) inhibitory compounds associated with hyperglycemia.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"213-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48279396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims at ascertaining the most appropriate communication media to be used to bringing about preliminary data for nutrition education in children for sustainable development. The present investigation was undertaken with the major objective focusing on “Assessment of Nutritional Status and impact of nutrition education among Adolescents (13-15 Yrs) of Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh and Chennai in Tamil nadu”. Total number of subjects from different schools of the two places was 600. Among 600, 300 subjects (both girls & boys) belong to Vijayawada and 300 subjects (both girls & boys) from Chennai. After the selection and briefing the results were constructed based on study protocol, which was constituted based on major areas like - Prevalence of malnutrition, Socio demographic status of the subjects, family type, religion, academic performance, family members education, their occupation and monthly income, finally adolescents socioeconomic status. It was observed in the present study that a large proportion (81.25% in girls and 87.50% in boys) of Vijayawada and (72.41% in girls and 40.47% in boys) of Chennai adolescents under study was normal. This may be due to socio-economic status (SES) of their parents. Which if continued in future, can have long lasting effect on improvement of nutritional status and healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"Role of Preliminary Data Collection for Nutritional Education of Adolescent (13-15 yrs) in Two Different Regions of South India","authors":"K. Hemamalini, B. Babitha, B. Lalithakumari","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.22","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims at ascertaining the most appropriate communication media to be used to bringing about preliminary data for nutrition education in children for sustainable development. The present investigation was undertaken with the major objective focusing on “Assessment of Nutritional Status and impact of nutrition education among Adolescents (13-15 Yrs) of Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh and Chennai in Tamil nadu”. Total number of subjects from different schools of the two places was 600. Among 600, 300 subjects (both girls & boys) belong to Vijayawada and 300 subjects (both girls & boys) from Chennai. After the selection and briefing the results were constructed based on study protocol, which was constituted based on major areas like - Prevalence of malnutrition, Socio demographic status of the subjects, family type, religion, academic performance, family members education, their occupation and monthly income, finally adolescents socioeconomic status. It was observed in the present study that a large proportion (81.25% in girls and 87.50% in boys) of Vijayawada and (72.41% in girls and 40.47% in boys) of Chennai adolescents under study was normal. This may be due to socio-economic status (SES) of their parents. Which if continued in future, can have long lasting effect on improvement of nutritional status and healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"198-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46152485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Riazunnisa, N. Rajesh, P. ChandramatiShankar, C. SurendranathaReddyE.
Drought is one of the major stress which affects agricultural crop productivity around the world. In this study the role of Phos phoenol pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC, EC 4.1.1.31), NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME, EC 1.1.1.40), and pyruvate, phosphate dikinase (PPDK, EC 2.7.9.1) in different onion cultivars (Allium cepa L.) under drought stress was investigated.An elevated specific activity of these three enzymes was monitored in onion cultivars after 8 h of drought stress. With the increasing concentration of drought there was an increase in C4 enzyme activities. PEPC showed 3.5-fold increase after 24 h, NADP-ME 3.9-fold, and PPDK 3.2-fold increase was observed in Arkalalima (AL)onion after 48 h when compared to control. Statistical analysis including regression analysis suggested significant results to onion drought resistant cultivars under drought stress condition. The results revealed that the variety AL exhibited best response followed by Arkakirthaman (AK) and Bellary(BL). Therefore PEPC, PPDK and NADPME participate in the drought response of onion, a C3 Plant. Future research will allow further understanding of the drought stress mechanism of adaptation of the onion germplasm to drought.
{"title":"C4 Photosynthetic Enzymes Engaged in the Habituation of Allium cepa L. Seedlings to Drought Stress","authors":"K. Riazunnisa, N. Rajesh, P. ChandramatiShankar, C. SurendranathaReddyE.","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is one of the major stress which affects agricultural crop productivity around the world. In this study the role of Phos phoenol pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC, EC 4.1.1.31), NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME, EC 1.1.1.40), and pyruvate, phosphate dikinase (PPDK, EC 2.7.9.1) in different onion cultivars (Allium cepa L.) under drought stress was investigated.An elevated specific activity of these three enzymes was monitored in onion cultivars after 8 h of drought stress. With the increasing concentration of drought there was an increase in C4 enzyme activities. PEPC showed 3.5-fold increase after 24 h, NADP-ME 3.9-fold, and PPDK 3.2-fold increase was observed in Arkalalima (AL)onion after 48 h when compared to control. Statistical analysis including regression analysis suggested significant results to onion drought resistant cultivars under drought stress condition. The results revealed that the variety AL exhibited best response followed by Arkakirthaman (AK) and Bellary(BL). Therefore PEPC, PPDK and NADPME participate in the drought response of onion, a C3 Plant. Future research will allow further understanding of the drought stress mechanism of adaptation of the onion germplasm to drought.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"153-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44788586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jhansi Preetham Garrepelly, L. KiranmayiPYN, Thanuja Bandari, Rajeswara Reddy Erva
Traditional medicine dating back to centuries ago has been used to treat several ailments of humans. Berberine is a chemical compound that is found in plants which is being used in the form of drugs to work against various diseases. For optimum production of Berberine suitable plant species must be selected out of Coptis japonica and Argemona mexicana which are high yielding. From the pathway of Berberine production it is known that more the amount of substrate Canadine gives more amount of Berberine. The objective of this work is to compare the Canadine production efficiency among Coptis japonica and Argemona mexicana by molecular level studies for both the species. It is concluded that the enzyme, (S)-canadine synthase from Argemona mexicana is more efficient towards the production of (S)-canadine which in turn lead to Berberine production. Later the efficiency of Berberine against various disease targets is tested by molecular docking approach under same experimental conditions. Molecular docking results conferred the efficiency of Berberine in the treatment of gastric cancer over the other diseases.
{"title":"Molecular Approach Towards Screening of Biological Targets of Berberine and its Production Sources","authors":"Jhansi Preetham Garrepelly, L. KiranmayiPYN, Thanuja Bandari, Rajeswara Reddy Erva","doi":"10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/CTBP.2021.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional medicine dating back to centuries ago has been used to treat several ailments of humans. Berberine is a chemical compound that is found in plants which is being used in the form of drugs to work against various diseases. For optimum production of Berberine suitable plant species must be selected out of Coptis japonica and Argemona mexicana which are high yielding. From the pathway of Berberine production it is known that more the amount of substrate Canadine gives more amount of Berberine. The objective of this work is to compare the Canadine production efficiency among Coptis japonica and Argemona mexicana by molecular level studies for both the species. It is concluded that the enzyme, (S)-canadine synthase from Argemona mexicana is more efficient towards the production of (S)-canadine which in turn lead to Berberine production. Later the efficiency of Berberine against various disease targets is tested by molecular docking approach under same experimental conditions. Molecular docking results conferred the efficiency of Berberine in the treatment of gastric cancer over the other diseases.","PeriodicalId":10980,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy","volume":"15 1","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43028524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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