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New Insights into Colorectal Cancer through the Lens of Precision Oncology and Personalized Medicine: Multi-Omics Helps Aging of Predisposed People. 从精准肿瘤学和个性化医疗的角度看结直肠癌的新发现:多重指标帮助易感人群延缓衰老。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098348122241024061610
Amir Bayat, Alireza Sharafshah, Farshid Sefat, Milad Rahimzadegan, Mohammad Raad, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski

Background: Recently, there has been a significant evolution in our understanding of the molecular pathways causing the genesis and progression of cancer via the inter-individual variations. Thus, one-size-fits-all methods for cancer treatment have been replaced by precision oncology (PO) targeting individual cancer symptoms, offering increased effectiveness, and decreased safety concerns and cost load.

Objective: The identification of novel actionable indications, rapid, precise, and comprehensive detection of complex phenotypes in every individual, pioneering clinical trial projects with enhanced response feedback, and widespread availability of innovative targeted anticancer management for every patient are vital for the effective implementation of next-generation precision oncology. Additionally, the emergence of precision medicine has altered the perspective of oncologic biomarkers, drug discovery, drug development, and, improvements for cancer patients.

Method: This paper narratively reviewed to identify actionable abnormalities, Genomic profiling of tumors employing clinical next-generation sequencing (NGS) from both tumor tissues and liquid biopsies along with the multi-omics strategies as the key component of PO.

Results: Our increasing information on tumor biology, specifically microenvironment and heterogeneity- associated data, would improve our understanding of the resistance of targeted drugs and specific mechanisms of action, as well as help enhance existing metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treatment strategies.

Conclusion: Collectively, this paper indicated the current and innovative strategies for prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of various cancer types based on PO overview with a groundbreaking emphasis on CRC suggesting the integrations of multi-omics, highlighting Genomics, and utilizing AL and ML algorithms with targeted therapies. Notably, these findings can help improve the life-span and ageing of the predisposed people.

背景:最近,我们对通过个体间差异导致癌症发生和发展的分子途径的认识有了重大发展。因此,针对个体癌症症状的精准肿瘤学(PO)取代了 "一刀切 "的癌症治疗方法,提高了疗效,减少了安全隐患和成本负担:确定新的可采取行动的适应症,快速、精确、全面地检测每个个体的复杂表型,开展具有增强反应反馈的开创性临床试验项目,以及为每位患者广泛提供创新的靶向抗癌治疗,这些对于有效实施下一代精准肿瘤学至关重要。此外,精准医学的出现也改变了人们对肿瘤生物标志物、药物发现、药物开发以及改善癌症患者的看法:本文综述了肿瘤组织和液体活检的临床新一代测序(NGS)以及作为 PO 关键组成部分的多组学策略,以确定可操作的异常、肿瘤基因组图谱:结果:我们对肿瘤生物学,特别是微环境和异质性相关数据的了解不断增加,这将提高我们对靶向药物耐药性和特定作用机制的认识,并有助于加强现有的转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)治疗策略:总之,本文基于 PO 概述,指出了当前和创新的各种癌症类型的预后、诊断和治疗策略,并突破性地强调了 CRC,建议将多组学、突出基因组学以及利用 AL 和 ML 算法与靶向治疗相结合。值得注意的是,这些发现有助于改善易感人群的寿命和衰老状况。
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引用次数: 0
A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends in Aging and Leisure Activities from 2000 to 2023. 2000 至 2023 年老龄化与休闲活动研究趋势的文献计量分析》。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098351035241009100118
J Mufina Begam, E P Abdul Azeez

Background: Physical and leisure activities are vital for active aging. Leisure activities among the aging population have received attention from scholars in the recent past. However, the research contributions and trends in this field are unknown. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to explore the scholarly contributions in aging and leisure activities to identify the research output trends, assess thematic focuses, and analyze research collaboration patterns.

Methods: We extracted data from the Scopus database for the period 2000-2023 and identified 443 articles focusing on aging and leisure activities. Tools, such as bibliographical coupling networks and thematic analysis, were applied using R and Biblioshiny to uncover core themes and connections.

Results: There has been a significant increase in research output since 2021, with contributions from numerous authors and countries, particularly the United States and China. Thematic analysis reveals central themes, such as physical activity, successful aging, and cognition.

Conclusion: This analysis reveals the evolving nature of scholarly discussions in aging and leisure, highlighting key themes, such as physical activity, cognitive aging, and health promotion. The findings emphasize the growing interest and global collaboration in this interdisciplinary research domain.

背景:体育和休闲活动对积极老龄化至关重要。近年来,老龄人口的休闲活动受到了学者们的关注。然而,这一领域的研究贡献和趋势尚不为人知。因此,我们对老龄化与休闲活动领域的学术贡献进行了文献计量分析,以确定研究成果趋势、评估主题重点并分析研究合作模式:我们从 Scopus 数据库中提取了 2000-2023 年期间的数据,确定了 443 篇关注老龄化和休闲活动的文章。我们使用 R 和 Biblioshiny 等工具,如书目耦合网络和主题分析,来发现核心主题和联系:结果:自 2021 年以来,研究成果显著增加,来自众多作者和国家,尤其是美国和中国。专题分析揭示了中心主题,如体育活动、成功老龄化和认知:本分析揭示了老龄化与休闲学术讨论不断发展的性质,突出了体育活动、认知老龄化和健康促进等关键主题。研究结果强调了这一跨学科研究领域日益增长的兴趣和全球合作。
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引用次数: 0
Shorter Telomere Length is Associated with Food Insecurity in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study. 端粒长度较短与老年人食物无保障有关:一项横断面研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098320942240924074044
Celi Macedo Polo, Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito, Wanderson Roberto Silva, Daniela Braga Lima, Daniella Pires Nunes, Fábio Antonio Colombo, Ariene Angelini Dos Santos Orlandi, Ligiana Pires Corona

Background: Telomere length has been investigated as a biomarker of biological aging and is associated with several diseases, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors.

Objective: This study aimed to verify whether food insecurity is associated with shorter telomere length in older people.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a municipality in the interior of Brazil, with a sample of 440 older people from the community. For telomere length analysis, a blood sample was obtained from each participant, followed by real-time qPCR, and sociodemographic and health information was collected through interviews. Food security/insecurity was measured using the reduced version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed to analyze the factors associated with shorter telomere length, adopting a significance level of 5%.

Results: We found that food insecurity was significantly associated with shorter telomere length, regardless of age group, skin color, tabagism, physical activity, milk and dairy consumption, living arrangement, and basic activities of daily life.

Conclusion: The findings show the importance of ensuring full access to adequate nutrition for the older population, who are physiologically and socially vulnerable.

背景:端粒长度已被研究为生物衰老的生物标志物,并与多种疾病、生活方式和社会经济因素相关:本研究旨在验证食物不安全是否与老年人端粒长度缩短有关:这是一项横断面研究,在巴西内陆的一个城市进行,样本来自社区的 440 名老年人。为了分析端粒长度,研究人员采集了每位受试者的血液样本,然后进行了实时 qPCR 分析,并通过访谈收集了社会人口学和健康信息。食物安全/不安全程度采用缩小版的巴西食物不安全量表进行测量。采用描述性分析和多元逻辑回归分析端粒长度缩短的相关因素,显著性水平为 5%:结果:我们发现,无论年龄组、肤色、禁忌症、体育锻炼、牛奶和乳制品消费、居住安排和日常生活基本活动如何,食物不安全都与端粒长度缩短显著相关:结论:研究结果表明,确保老年人口获得充足的营养非常重要,因为他们在生理和社会方面都很脆弱。
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引用次数: 0
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)-Dependent Protein Deacetylase, Sirtuin, as a Biomarker of Healthy Life Expectancy: A Mini-Review. 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)依赖性蛋白去乙酰化酶 Sirtuin 作为健康寿命的生物标志物:微型综述。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098319674240827104612
Yodo Sugishita, Yuki Suzuki-Takahashi, Kazuo Yudoh

Although a variety of disease-specific biomarkers have been identified for common lifestyle- or aging-related diseases, there are currently no indices available to measure general health or the existence of pre-symptomatic conditions in various types of tissue and organ damage. A rising body of research suggests that sirtuins may have the potential to be used as an index to assess overall health status and the existence of pre-symptomatic illness states. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylases expressed in a variety of human somatic cells both in health and disease conditions. The activity and expression of SIRTs affect important metabolic pathways, such as cell survival, senescence, proliferation, energy production, stress tolerance, DNA repair, and apoptosis, thereby closely linked to aging and longevity. Given the broad significance of SIRTs in physiological function maintenance, their activity in somatic cells may reflect the early cross-sectional status of tissue damage caused by aging or systemic inflammatory responses that are too early to be detected by disease-specific biomarkers. In this mini-review, we discuss the utility of SIRTs as a surrogate clinical biomarker for health status to evaluate and monitor health life expectancy and the presence of pre-symptomatic illness states.

虽然针对常见的生活方式或与衰老有关的疾病已确定了多种疾病特异性生物标志物,但目前还没有指数可用于衡量总体健康状况或各种组织和器官损伤的症状前状态。越来越多的研究表明,sirtuins 有可能被用作评估总体健康状况和是否存在症状前疾病状态的指标。Sirtuins(SIRTs)是一种依赖于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)的去乙酰化酶,在人类各种体细胞中均有表达,包括在健康和疾病状态下。SIRTs 的活性和表达影响重要的代谢途径,如细胞存活、衰老、增殖、能量产生、应激耐受、DNA 修复和细胞凋亡,从而与衰老和长寿密切相关。鉴于 SIRTs 在维持生理功能方面的广泛意义,它们在体细胞中的活性可能反映出衰老或全身炎症反应引起的组织损伤的早期横断面状态,而这些损伤还无法通过疾病特异性生物标志物检测出来。在这篇微型综述中,我们将讨论 SIRTs 作为健康状况的替代临床生物标志物的效用,以评估和监测健康预期寿命和症状前疾病状态的存在。
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引用次数: 0
Hypoxia-reoxygenation Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via SKN-1- and DAF-16A-Dependent Stress Hormesis. 缺氧-复氧通过SKN-1和DAF-16A依赖的应激发生作用延长秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098292667240914024812
Ferbian Milas Siswanto, Maria Dara Novi Handayani, Rita Dewi Firmasyah, Jojor Lamsihar Manalu, Adriyan Pramono

Aims: To study the role of hypoxia-reoxygenation and anoxia-starvation on the lifespan of C. elegans and elucidate the mechanism at molecular levels.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules that promote health. Hormesis occurs when a moderate stress level induces a beneficial adaptive response, protecting organisms against subsequent exposure to severe stress. Caenorhabditis elegans is a widely used model organism to study aging and displays a broad hormetic ability to couple with stress. To date, only few methods are available to induce stress hormesis in C. elegans.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore the effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation and anoxia-starvation on the lifespan of C. elegans, exploring the involvement of ROS and oxidative stress-related pathways, and examining the hormetic property of H/R.

Methods: The C. elegans were cultured in hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with OP50 bacteria for 24 h followed by reoxygenation (20% O2) (H/R) or in anoxic conditions (0% O2; 100% N2) without OP50 bacteria for 24 h followed by reoxygenation (20% O2) and food supplementation (A/S). Survivals were plotted and estimated for probability with Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results: The H/R extended the lifespan of C. elegans, and H/R-pretreated worms showed improved resistance toward A/S compared to naïve worms. The C. elegans SKN-1 and DAF-16 are important oxidative stress response factors homologous to mammalian Nrf2 and FOXO3, respectively. Mutations in SKN-1 and DAF-16 blocked H/R-induced life extension. Next, H/R treatment in C. elegans activated both SKN-1 and DAF-16, as indicated by the upregulation of putative target genes of SKN-1 (gcs-1 and gss-1) and DAF-16 (sod-3). Moreover, pre-treatment with antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, chlorogenic acid, and sulforaphane) reduced ROS levels and diminished the lifespan extension effect of H/R, indicating their dependency on ROS.

Conclusion: These results provide evidence that H/R is beneficial for lifespan and stress resistance by activating the adaptive cellular response pathway (SKN-1 and DAF-16A) toward oxidative stress.

目的:研究缺氧-复氧和缺氧-饥饿对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命的影响,并从分子水平阐明其机制:背景:越来越多的证据表明,活性氧(ROS)是促进健康的信号分子。当适度的应激水平诱导出有益的适应性反应,保护生物体免受随后的严重应激时,就会发生 "激素作用"。秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)是一种被广泛用于研究衰老的模式生物,具有广泛的荷尔蒙效应能力,可与应激结合。迄今为止,只有很少的方法可以诱导秀丽隐杆线虫的应激激素作用:本研究旨在探讨缺氧-复氧和缺氧-饥饿对 elegans 寿命的影响,探索 ROS 和氧化应激相关途径的参与,并研究 H/R 的激素作用特性:方法:将秀丽隐杆线虫在有 OP50 细菌的缺氧条件(1% O2)下培养 24 小时,然后进行复氧(20% O2)(H/R);或在无 OP50 细菌的缺氧条件(0% O2; 100% N2)下培养 24 小时,然后进行复氧(20% O2)并补充食物(A/S)。用 Kaplan-Meier 分析法绘制存活率图并估算概率:结果:H/R延长了秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命,H/R预处理后的蠕虫对A/S的抵抗力比未处理的蠕虫更强。elegans SKN-1和DAF-16是重要的氧化应激反应因子,分别与哺乳动物的Nrf2和FOXO3同源。SKN-1和DAF-16的突变阻止了H/R诱导的寿命延长。接下来,草履虫的H/R处理激活了SKN-1和DAF-16,SKN-1(gcs-1和gss-1)和DAF-16(sod-3)的推定靶基因上调表明了这一点。此外,预处理抗氧化剂(N-乙酰半胱氨酸、绿原酸和莱菔硫烷)可降低 ROS 水平并减弱 H/R 的寿命延长效应,这表明它们依赖于 ROS:这些结果提供了证据,证明 H/R 通过激活细胞对氧化应激的适应性反应途径(SKN-1 和 DAF-16A),有利于延长寿命和提高抗应激能力。
{"title":"Hypoxia-reoxygenation Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via SKN-1- and DAF-16A-Dependent Stress Hormesis.","authors":"Ferbian Milas Siswanto, Maria Dara Novi Handayani, Rita Dewi Firmasyah, Jojor Lamsihar Manalu, Adriyan Pramono","doi":"10.2174/0118746098292667240914024812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098292667240914024812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To study the role of hypoxia-reoxygenation and anoxia-starvation on the lifespan of C. elegans and elucidate the mechanism at molecular levels.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules that promote health. Hormesis occurs when a moderate stress level induces a beneficial adaptive response, protecting organisms against subsequent exposure to severe stress. Caenorhabditis elegans is a widely used model organism to study aging and displays a broad hormetic ability to couple with stress. To date, only few methods are available to induce stress hormesis in C. elegans.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study were to explore the effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation and anoxia-starvation on the lifespan of C. elegans, exploring the involvement of ROS and oxidative stress-related pathways, and examining the hormetic property of H/R.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The C. elegans were cultured in hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with OP50 bacteria for 24 h followed by reoxygenation (20% O2) (H/R) or in anoxic conditions (0% O2; 100% N2) without OP50 bacteria for 24 h followed by reoxygenation (20% O2) and food supplementation (A/S). Survivals were plotted and estimated for probability with Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The H/R extended the lifespan of C. elegans, and H/R-pretreated worms showed improved resistance toward A/S compared to naïve worms. The C. elegans SKN-1 and DAF-16 are important oxidative stress response factors homologous to mammalian Nrf2 and FOXO3, respectively. Mutations in SKN-1 and DAF-16 blocked H/R-induced life extension. Next, H/R treatment in C. elegans activated both SKN-1 and DAF-16, as indicated by the upregulation of putative target genes of SKN-1 (gcs-1 and gss-1) and DAF-16 (sod-3). Moreover, pre-treatment with antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, chlorogenic acid, and sulforaphane) reduced ROS levels and diminished the lifespan extension effect of H/R, indicating their dependency on ROS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide evidence that H/R is beneficial for lifespan and stress resistance by activating the adaptive cellular response pathway (SKN-1 and DAF-16A) toward oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Top Three Healthcare Trends in Orthopaedics Affecting Musculoskeletal Care in the Elderly. 影响老年人肌肉骨骼护理的三大骨科医疗趋势。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098309054240721180720
Morgan P Lorio, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Kenneth Blum

Several trends toward patient-centered multi-care models employing translational research strategies are currently emerging in orthopaedics. These align seamlessly with epigenetics discussions in pain, a clinical approach to pain management that prioritizes tailoring healthcare to individual needs, preferences, and circumstances. Recognizing the unique genetic and epigenetic factors influencing pain perception, healthcare providers can integrate personalized insights into their patient-centered approach, offering more targeted and effective pain management strategies tailored to each individual's experience. Custom 3D-printing technologies may also become increasingly relevant to more effectively and reliably treat painful degenerative structural abnormalities. They are expected to go hand-in-hand with the precision medicine redefinition of musculoskeletal care. More effective analysis of surgeons' clinical decision-making and patients' perception of high-value orthopaedic care is needed. Shared Decision Making (SDM) is critical to identifying the best solution for each patient and improving stakeholders' understanding of factors influencing the diverse prioritizing values of surgical or non-surgical treatments by payers, systems, and other providers. Identifying high-value orthopaedic surgeries via effective SDM in orthopedic surgery requires more than just presenting patients with information. The Rasch analysis of patient expectations can provide this nuanced approach that involves understanding patient values, addressing misconceptions, and aligning surgical recommendations with patient-specific goals. Optimizing orthopaedic treatment within the patient-centered framework can drive innovation in reimbursement policies that support the field more broadly. Research on separating high-value from low-value orthopaedic procedures may likely impact healthcare decision- makers' resource allocation.

目前,骨科领域出现了几种采用转化研究策略、以患者为中心的多重护理模式的趋势。这些趋势与疼痛表观遗传学的讨论不谋而合,疼痛表观遗传学是一种疼痛管理的临床方法,它优先考虑根据个人需求、偏好和具体情况量身定制医疗服务。认识到影响疼痛感知的独特遗传和表观遗传因素,医疗服务提供者可以将个性化见解融入以患者为中心的方法中,根据每个人的经验提供更有针对性和更有效的疼痛管理策略。定制 3D 打印技术在更有效、更可靠地治疗疼痛性退行性结构异常方面的作用也会越来越大。它们有望与肌肉骨骼护理的精准医疗重新定义齐头并进。需要对外科医生的临床决策和患者对高价值骨科护理的认知进行更有效的分析。共同决策(SDM)对于确定每位患者的最佳解决方案以及提高利益相关者对影响支付方、系统和其他提供方对手术或非手术治疗的不同优先价值的因素的理解至关重要。在骨科手术中,通过有效的 SDM 识别高价值骨科手术需要的不仅仅是向患者提供信息。对患者期望的 Rasch 分析可以提供这种细致入微的方法,其中包括了解患者的价值观、消除误解以及根据患者的具体目标调整手术建议。在以患者为中心的框架内优化骨科治疗,可以推动报销政策的创新,从而更广泛地支持这一领域的发展。将高价值和低价值骨科手术区分开来的研究可能会影响医疗决策者的资源分配。
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引用次数: 0
Connecting the Dots: Gender, Sexuality, and Societal Influences on Cognitive Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. 连接点:认知老化和阿尔茨海默病的性别、性和社会影响。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098299754240530111755
Swati Verma, Sarvesh Paliwal, Debashish Paramanick, Chaitanya Narayan, Manasvi Saini

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has many etiologies and the impact of gender on AD changes throughout time. As a consequence of advancements in precision medical procedures and methodology, Alzheimer's disease is now better understood and treated. Several risk factors may be addressed to lower one's chances of developing Alzheimer's disease or associated dementia (ADRD). The presence of amyloid-α protein senile plaques, intracellular tau protein neurofibrillary tangles (NfTs), neurodegeneration, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) characterizes Alzheimer's disease. NPS is common in persons with Alzheimer's disease dementia, although its presentation varies widely. Gender differences might explain this clinical variability. The fundamental goal of this review research is to 1) emphasize the function of old age, sex, and gender in the development of Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and ADRD, and 2) explain the importance of sexual hormones, education, and APOE (Apolipoprotein E) status. This is a narrative summary of new ideas and concepts on the differences in the chance of developing dementia or Alzheimer's disease between men and women. A more thorough examination of risk and protective variables in both men and women might hasten research into the epidemiology of neurological illnesses such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Similarly, future preventive efforts should target men and women separately.

阿尔茨海默病(AD)有多种病因,性别对阿尔茨海默病的影响也随时间而变化。由于精准医疗程序和方法的进步,现在人们对阿尔茨海默病有了更好的理解和治疗。要降低阿尔茨海默病或相关痴呆症(ADRD)的发病几率,可以从几个风险因素入手。淀粉样蛋白-α 蛋白老年斑、细胞内 tau 蛋白神经纤维缠结(NfTs)、神经变性和神经精神症状(NPS)的存在是阿尔茨海默病的特征。NPS 在阿尔茨海默病痴呆症患者中很常见,但其表现形式却千差万别。性别差异或许可以解释这种临床差异性。本综述研究的基本目标是:1)强调老年、性和性别在阿尔茨海默病、痴呆和 ADRD 发展过程中的作用;2)解释性激素、教育和 APOE(载脂蛋白 E)状态的重要性。这是对男女罹患痴呆症或阿尔茨海默病几率差异的新观点和新概念的叙述性总结。对男性和女性的风险和保护性变量进行更全面的研究可能会加快对痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病等神经系统疾病流行病学的研究。同样,未来的预防工作也应分别针对男性和女性。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Telemedicine Demand and Viability in Indonesian Geriatric Clinics: A Comprehensive HOT FIT and Sociotechnical Analysis 评估印度尼西亚老年病诊所的远程医疗需求和可行性:全面的 HOT FIT 和社会技术分析
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098302999240522092726
Dewi Shinta Kemala Sari, N. Lipoeto, Hafni Bachtiar, Indra Catri, Nina Kemala Sari, Rima Semiarty
The growing elderly population in Indonesia presents challenges for thehealthcare system, prompting the exploration of telemedicine as a solution. However, its effectiveimplementation in Indonesia faces obstacles.This research aimed to develop a comprehensive geriatric telemedicine framework in PadangCity by studying multiple stakeholders. We employed qualitative methods, including in--depth interviews, across two hospitals, a Health Office, and a Community Health Center, involving18 elderly participants.The study identified ten key dimensions for geriatric telemedicine services: technology,Human-Computer Interface (HCI), infrastructure, system workflow, clinical content, people (diverseroles), organization (ecosystem, service workflow, internal and external regulations), and financing(social security agency on health and independent). We used the Human-Organization-Technology Fit and Sociotechnical System approaches for analysis.The study suggests implications for future implementation and advocates for broaderparticipant involvement, information technology (IT) studies for system development, and longitudinalevaluations to assess the impact on elderly health outcomes.
印度尼西亚不断增长的老年人口给医疗保健系统带来了挑战,促使人们探索远程医疗作为一种解决方案。本研究旨在通过研究多个利益相关者,在巴东市建立一个全面的老年远程医疗框架。研究确定了老年远程医疗服务的十个关键维度:技术、人机交互界面(HCI)、基础设施、系统工作流程、临床内容、人员(多元化角色)、组织(生态系统、服务工作流程、内部和外部法规)以及融资(健康和独立社会保障机构)。我们采用了 "人-组织-技术契合 "和 "社会技术系统 "的方法进行分析。该研究为未来的实施提出了建议,并倡导更广泛的参与者参与、系统开发的信息技术(IT)研究和纵向评估,以评估对老年人健康结果的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Aging-associated Aberrant Mitochondrial Redox Signaling, PhysicalActivity, and Sarcopenia 与衰老相关的线粒体氧化还原信号异常、体力活动和肌肉疏松症
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098315667240606052523
M. Atayik, Erdem Atasever, Şeydanur Turgut, U. Çakatay
Aging-related alteration of mitochondrial morphology, impairment in metabolic capacity,bioenergetics, and biogenesis are closely associated with loss of muscle mass and function. MitochondrialReactive Oxygen Species (ROS) stimulate muscular redox signaling mechanisms.Bioenergetic integrity of mitochondria and redox signaling dynamics deteriorates in aged skeletalmuscle. Mitochondrial bioenergetic impairment leads to excessive ROS levels and induces the generationof defective mitochondria. Higher ROS levels may induce senescence or apoptosis. It isnot a resolved issue that mitochondrial dysfunction is either the sole reason or a consequence ofmuscle loss (or both). However, Increasing evidence emphasizes that dysregulated mitochondrialredox signaling has a central role in age-related muscle loss. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2) regulates redox signaling pathways with the expression of antioxidant genes. As theaberrant redox signaling mechanisms in aging skeletal muscle become clearer, new natural andsynthetic Nrf2-modulating substances and integrated daily physical activity alternatives are cominginto view for preventing muscle loss in the elderly. A comprehensive understanding of the relationshipbetween redox signaling pathways and age-related sarcopenia can help us to prevent sarcopeniaand its frailty effects with an optimized exercise program as an innovative non-pharmacologicaltherapeutic approach. A further aspect is necessary to consider both individualized physicaltraining options and alternative Nrf2 signaling modulators. Ameliorating the redox signalingwith physical activity and pharmacological interventions may help to prevent sarcopenia and itsfrailty effects.
与衰老有关的线粒体形态改变、代谢能力、生物能和生物生成的损害与肌肉质量和功能的丧失密切相关。线粒体活性氧(ROS)会刺激肌肉氧化还原信号机制。线粒体生物能受损会导致 ROS 水平过高,并诱发缺陷线粒体的产生。较高的 ROS 水平可能会诱发衰老或细胞凋亡。线粒体功能障碍是肌肉损失的唯一原因或后果(或两者兼而有之),这个问题尚未解决。然而,越来越多的证据强调,线粒体氧化还原信号失调在与年龄相关的肌肉衰减中起着核心作用。核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2(Nrf2)通过抗氧化基因的表达来调节氧化还原信号通路。随着衰老骨骼肌中异常氧化还原信号机制的日益清晰,新的天然和合成 Nrf2 调节物质以及综合日常体育锻炼替代品正逐渐被用于预防老年人肌肉流失。全面了解氧化还原信号通路与老年性肌肉疏松症之间的关系,有助于我们通过优化运动计划这种创新的非药物治疗方法来预防肌肉疏松症及其对身体虚弱的影响。此外,还需要考虑个性化的体育训练方案和替代性的 Nrf2 信号调节剂。通过体育锻炼和药物干预来改善氧化还原信号,可能有助于预防肌肉疏松症及其衰弱效应。
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引用次数: 0
An Insight into Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis 透视急性播散性脑脊髓炎
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098294208240429091631
Nooreen, Fariha Summayya, Prany Wal, A. Wal, A. Rai, Sudeep Tandon
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a neural and immune-related disorder that occurs when the cerebrospinal system is damaged by extensive swelling. Although manifestation is possible regardless of age, adolescents have a greater probability.The purpose of the present manuscript is to provide recent advancements and enhanceknowledge of the disease.The literature search on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment was carriedout using the online databases of SciFinder, Medline, Pubmed, GoogleScholar, Scopus, etc.Although the cause of ADEM remains unclear, it is believed to be caused by inflammation in those with a genetic sensitivity to environmental stimulation. When people have alteredlevels of awareness or multifocal neurological abnormalities, ADEM is a possibility as a diagnosis. The diagnosis of ADEM is dependent on a combination of clinical and radiologic symptoms,whereas the exclusion of illnesses mimics ADEM; there is no one test that can establish the diagnosis. The inflammation in a child's brain and spinal cord is treated with medication. Prednisone is occasionally given to youngsters for a brief amount of time.Most children with ADEM improve with high doses of methylprednisolone. Cyclophosphamide is needed by individuals with hypothermia. Most investigations show that 50%-75% of individuals completely recover between the first and sixth month of their condition.
急性播散性脑脊髓炎(ADEM)是一种神经和免疫相关疾病,当脑脊髓系统因广泛肿胀而受损时就会发病。本手稿旨在提供最新进展并增进对该疾病的了解。我们使用 SciFinder、Medline、Pubmed、GoogleScholar、Scopus 等在线数据库对病因学、病理生理学、诊断和治疗进行了文献检索。虽然 ADEM 的病因尚不清楚,但认为它是由那些对环境刺激具有遗传敏感性的人的炎症引起的。虽然 ADEM 的病因尚不清楚,但一般认为是由对环境刺激具有遗传敏感性的人体内的炎症引起的。当人的意识水平发生改变或出现多灶性神经系统异常时,ADEM 就有可能被诊断出来。ADEM 的诊断取决于临床症状和放射学症状的结合,而排除与 ADEM 相似的疾病;没有一种检查可以确定诊断。儿童大脑和脊髓的炎症可通过药物治疗。大多数 ADEM 患儿在服用大剂量甲基强的松龙后病情会有所好转。体温过低的患者需要使用环磷酰胺。大多数调查显示,50%-75%的患者在病情的第一至第六个月期间完全康复。
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Current aging science
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