Dental Research Journal最新文献

Background: In this study, the effects of pure AH Plus sealer and its combination with triple antibiotic paste at different concentrations on Enterococcus faecalis bacteria have been investigated.

Materials and methods: This in vitro study was accomplished by the means of a triple antibiotic paste combination (minocycline, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin) at different concentrations (0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, and 25%) with AH Plus sealer on E. faecalis bacteria. Sealers were set in an incubator for 1 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days, and then 10 µL of bacteria solution was placed on all samples except the negative control group. After drying for 1 h, 250 µL brain-heart infusion broth culture medium was added, and it was cultured in solid media. Direct contact test technique was performed, and the obtained data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA, 2-way ANOVA, 3-way ANOVA, and post hoc test least significant difference. It should be noted that the data were evaluated at the significance level of P < 0.05.

Results: The average of colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL illustrated that there were no significant differences between fresh antibiotic-sealer combination, 1-day set, and 3-day set (P = 0.525), while in sealer with 7-day set, the average of CFU/mL was notably lower than other sets (P < 0.001). The outcomes revealed a considerable variation by passing time and the number of CFU/mL was remarkably reduced (P < 0.05). The data suggested that, by increasing the concentration, the average of CFU/mL was decreased, whereas the average of CFU/mL did not have significant differences in all concentrations of the antibiotic-sealer combination compared to pure sealer (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The concentration of 1% triple antibiotic in combination with root canal sealer may become a crucial factor for inhibiting the growth of remaining bacteria.

Background: The study aims to assess the clinical efficacy of periosteal pedicle graft (PPG) as a barrier membrane in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) for gingival recession, intrabony, and furcation defects.

Materials and methods: Electronic and hand searches were performed to identify randomized controlled/clinical trials investigating GTR using PPG, with 6-month follow-up. Primary outcomes recorded: probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bone fill, recession depth (RD) reduction, percentage of mean root coverage, keratinized tissue width (KTW), and bone defect area (BDA).

Results: Thirteen articles were selected; 6 for recession, 2 for furcation, and 5 for intrabony. Meta-analysis was performed whenever possible, results expressed as pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs). In recession defects, the RD pooled SMD is 0.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = [-0.50-1.44]), KTW pooled SMD is 1.30 (95% CI = [-0.30-2.91]), favoring PPG over the comparator. In furcation defects, PD pooled SMD is 1.12 (95% CI = [-2.77-0.52]), CAL pooled SMD is 0.71 (95% CI = [-1.09-2.50]), and bone fill pooled SMD is 0.67 (95% CI = [-3.34-4.69]) favoring PPG. In intrabony defects, PD pooled SMD is 0.54 (95% CI = [-2.12-1.04]), CAL pooled SMD is 0.23 (95% CI = [-1.13-0.68]), and BDA pooled SMD is 0.37 (95% CI = [-1.58-2.31]) favoring PPG. The results were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The current evidence indicates that PPG constitutes a valid and reliable alternative to collagen barrier membranes for successful GTR.

Background: Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of oral health prevention materials have conventionally used indices to evaluate the amount of plaque on tooth surfaces. Various methods, including the use of probiotics, have been suggested to prevent oral disease. The present study was conducted to investigate the probiotic products available in Iranian pharmacies that are used for the prevention of dental disease.

Materials and methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 40 students of medicine and pharmacy were randomly allocated into two equal groups of intervention and control using random allocation software. The intervention group used a probiotic pill containing Streptococcus salivarius M18 and K12 bacteria every night before going to bed. The control group used a mouth freshener tablet with the same flavor as the probiotic tablet every night before going to bed. The mean number of Streptococcus mutans bacteria in both the groups was calculated before and after using probiotic pills. The data were staticali analyzed by descriptive statistics (central tendency and dispersion) and inferential statistics (paired t-test and independent t-test) and Kolmogorov-Smironove tests (P<0.05).

Results: The plaque index values at the beginning of the study showed no statistical differences between the intervention and control groups (P = 0.85). The plaque index values in the intervention group before and after the intervention were 0.41 and 0.75, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The plaque index values in the control group before and after the intervention were 0.42 and 0.42, respectively, which indicated no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: The mean plaque index in the group using probiotic tablets was significantly increased compared to those of the control group. However, further studies are suggested to evaluate these products.

Background: To provide a continuous seal of the root canal, root-filling material should bond to the root canal dentin, ensuring the integrity of both the root-filling material and dentin remains in a static and functional state. The present study assessed the push-out bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and cold ceramic (CC).

Materials and methods: In this laboratory trial study, 20 single-rooted, extracted human teeth without caries and cracks were selected. Each tooth was mounted in cold-curing resin. Then, 3 mm slices of mid-root dentin were obtained from each tooth. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10) and filled with MTA ProRoot and CC. All specimens were stored for 30 days in an incubator at 37°C and 100% humidity. The push-out bond strength of the test materials was measured using a cylindrical punch with a 1-mm diameter. The punch was pushed against the test specimen at a speed of 1.0 mm/min using a universal material testing machine, extruding the filling test material. The push-out force during the test was recorded, and then, the internal surface of the teeth was examined to evaluate the mode of failure. Independent t-test and Chi-square were used to analyze the data. P < 0.05 was considered a significance threshold.

Results: The mean push-out bond strength in the CC group was 24.58 (MPa), and in MTA ProRoot, it was 23.77. No significant difference was observed between the two groups. The most frequent mode of failure in both groups was adhesive failure.

Conclusion: The two materials have adequate push-out bond strength to root dentin, and there is no difference between the bond strength and mode of failure of the two materials.

Background: There is limited literature available comparing the accuracy of intraradicular impressions made with a novel hybrid impression material using the indirect and direct technique at three different locations.

Materials and methods: For this comparative in vitro analysis, postspace was prepared in 15 recently extracted teeth and impressions made with vinyl polysiloxane, polyether (PE), vinyl polyether silicone (VPES), and pattern resin. Postpatterns obtained were re-seated on the teeth and longitudinally sectioned. A binocular microscope was used to measure apical and lateral discrepancies at three locations (L1, L2, and L3). L1 at the postcore junction, L2 at the middle of the post space, and L3, 2 mm short of the apical end. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (intergroup) followed by Tukey's post hoc test with P ≤ 0.05 was used.

Results: The one-way ANOVA noted a highly significant difference at the apical location. Pattern resin had the highest apical discrepancy (151.93 ± 8.59 µm), whereas the lowest was with vinyl PE silicone (140.31 ± 11.46 µm). At L1, the highest discrepancy was seen with pattern resin (32.09 ± 2.31 µm), whereas the lowest was with the addition silicone (31.94 ± 2.54 µm). At L2, addition silicone (32.88 ± 2.81 µm) showed the highest discrepancy, whereas the lowest was with vinyl PE silicone (30.5 ± 8.79 µm). The PE group had the highest mean at the L3 location (31.38 ± 3.46 µm) and the lowest was with vinyl PE silicone (30.93 ± 2.25 µm). At all lateral locations, no significant difference was noted. Tukey's post hoc comparison showed a significant difference between pattern resin and VPES (11.62 µm) followed by pattern resin and addition silicone (11.47 µm) apically.

Conclusion: The indirect technique using VPES or addition silicone is more accurate than the direct technique at the apical location.

Background: Dental pulp regeneration aims to restore the function and vitality of the dental pulp, which is the soft tissue inside the tooth. Research in this field is effective in trying to improve clinical practices and procedures. This study aimed to analyze the literature related to dental pulp regeneration and to create a documented research perspective for this field.

Materials and methods: This bibliometric study analyzes the research outputs of the subject area of dental pulp regeneration indexed in the Web of Science database between 2013 and 2023. SciMAT software was used to visualize and predict the trends in research on the topic.

Results: In general, it has been observed that the stem cell cluster consistently had the highest number of articles across all periods. As we progressed through time, the significance of this cluster continued to grow, eventually becoming a crucial component in the motor theme during the last period. In addition, a significant portion of the studies conducted during different periods focused on identifying suitable materials for scaffold formation. Various materials, including polymers and bioactive glasses, were proposed as viable options for scaffold formation in different periods.

Conclusion: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), scaffold networks, growth factors, and regulatory factors are the three main factors that influence dental pulp regeneration. By analyzing maps and thematic clusters in dental pulp regeneration research, as well as considering indicators such as repetition frequency, centrality, and citation of these clusters, researchers can identify the strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in current research.

Background: This study aims to compare the efficacy between conventional exfoliative cytology (EC) and centrifuged liquid-based cytology (CLBC) in control, leukoplakia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Oral leukoplakia and oral cancer require an early definitive diagnosis for better prognostic outcome. Oral EC, a minimally invasive technique that involves the examination of desquamated cells from the tissue surfaces used as a method of early diagnosis. CLBC is a modified technique that is used to achieve improved quality of the cytology findings.

Materials and methods: A comparative study was done in 30 subjects, of which, 10 cases from control group, 10 oral leukoplakia, and 10 OSCC cases. These subjects were selected according to the appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria. The cases in each group underwent conventional as well as CLBC. The comparison was carried out between these groups with respect to the cellular and background stromal factors. Appropriate qualitative evaluation of the samples was collected and statistical analysis was done using the Chi-squared test. The significance level of value was P < 0.05.

Results: Significant results were obtained for certain parameters such as cellular overlap clear background, uniform distribution in control, leukoplakia, and OSCC with a P = 0.004**, P = 0.001**, P = 0.006** using CLBC.

Conclusion: CLBC is better and give clearer vision as compared to conventional cytology and can be used in the early diagnosis.

Background: The acidic component of liquid medicinal syrups used by pediatric patients may cause erosion and partial demineralization. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cheese and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on erosive lesions of primary teeth enamel following exposure to amoxicillin and ibuprofen syrups.

Materials and methods: In this in vitro study, 60 noncarious deciduous molars were used. After measuring the surface microhardness of the samples, they were randomly separated into two groups and immersed in either amoxicillin or ibuprofen for 1 min three times per day. CPP-ACP, cheese, and artificial saliva were then applied to each of the three subgroups (n = 10). After each immersion time, 10 min of therapy was given. Between treatment intervals, the samples were kept in artificial saliva. The microhardness was remeasured after 1 week. Data were analyzed using SPSS software through repeated-measures ANOVA (α = 0.05).

Results: All samples' microhardness reduced considerably after immersion in liquid pharmaceuticals (amoxicillin [84.9 kgf/mm²] and ibuprofen [75.1 kgf/mm²]), but increased significantly following exposure to therapeutic solutions. There was no difference between the amoxicillin-cheese and amoxicillin-CPP-ACP subgroups (P = 0.975). A statistically insignificant difference was found between the ibuprofen group and the ibuprofen-CPP-ACP subgroup (P = 0.499).

Conclusion: As a result, cheese and CPP-ACP can be utilized to remineralize erosive lesions caused by amoxicillin or ibuprofen exposure.

Background: Pregnant women have poor knowledge of oral hygiene during pregnancy. One problem with the follow-up of dental caries in this group is zero accumulation in the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, for which some models must be used to achieve valid results. The studied population may be heterogeneous in longitudinal studies, leading to biased estimates. We aimed to assess the impact of oral health education on dental caries in pregnant women using a suitable model in a longitudinal experimental study with heterogeneous random effects.

Materials and methods: This longitudinal, experimental research was carried out on pregnant women who visited medical centers in Tehran. The educational group (236 cases) received education for three sessions. The control group (200 cases) received only standard training. The DMFT index assessed oral and dental health at baseline, 6 months, and 24 months after delivery. The Chi-square test was used for comparing nominal variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for ordinal variables. The zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model was applied under heterogeneous and homogeneous random effects using R 4.2.1, SPSS 26, and SAS 9.4. The level of significance was set at 0.05.

Results: Data from 436 women aged 15 years and older were analyzed. Zero accumulation in the DMFT was mainly related to the filled teeth (51%). The heterogeneous ZIP model fitted better to the data. On average, the intervention group exhibited a higher rate of change in filled teeth over time than the control group (P = 0.021).

Conclusion: The proposed ZIP model is a suitable model for predicting filled teeth in pregnant women. An educational intervention during pregnancy can improve oral health in the long-term follow-up.