Dental Research Journal最新文献

Background: The goal of this study was to assess the techniques used in earlier conducted clinical investigations on the chemomechanical eradication of dentinal caries, as well as to assess the variances in pain perception, the time required for complete caries excavation, and how microbiological analysis compared before and following caries removal in primary teeth for both Papacarie and Carisolv.

Materials and methods: An electronic search was conducted utilizing the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. The following categories were included during the assessment process: full text randomized and controlled clinical trials published between January 2000 and December 2021 in the English language only. Adolescent and child patients with open dentinal carious lesion in primary teeth were included. The methodology of the seven clinical studies chosen was evaluated.

Results: Findings of the study reported that the microbiota in carious dentine was dramatically reduced with the Papacarie therapy, and the pain perception decreased more in the Papacarie group, whereas Carisolv treatment took longer time for complete caries excavation as compared to Papacarie.

Conclusion: In conclusion, Papacarie had a beneficial impact by decreasing pain and time taken during caries excavation in primary teeth. The tooth surface treated with Papacarie also demonstrated a reduced bacterial count as compared to Carisolv chemomechanical caries removal approach. Overall, Papacarie and Carisolv are viable minimally invasive and painless techniques for effective caries removal in pediatric patients.

Malignant tumors are able to grow at sites distant from the primary site of origin. Breast, prostate, renal, thyroid, and lung carcinomas commonly metastasize to bone. Jaw metastasis is rare but may occur more often than generally estimated. Follicular carcinomas of the thyroid gland are tumors of follicular cell differentiation that consist of a microfollicular architecture with follicles lined by cuboidal epithelial cells. It is very difficult to diagnose this type of cancer at the preoperative or intraoperative stage of treatment. Here, we report a case of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland who was referred due to a mandibular lesion.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) and propolis-based herbal toothpaste in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH).

Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 20 patients (7 men and 13 women) who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups. One group received the herbal toothpaste containing propolis (Herbex^®), while the other received a paste containing CPP-ACPF (GC^® MI-Paste Plus). Two nonadjacent teeth with DH in two quadrants of each patient were assessed. The pain was determined through the visual analog scale (VAS) in cold and airblast tests before the intervention (baseline) as well as at 15 min, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the first application. Three-level mixed effect model (repeated measurement, tooth, and patients) was used to analyze the VAS score data. Estimation of fixed effect parameters with standard error and the intraclass correlation coefficient that quantifies the degree to which data at the lower level are correlated were reported. The statistical significance level was determined as P < 0.05.

Results: The mean pain intensity score after 8 weeks significantly decreased in the propolis-based toothpaste group (P < 0.001) and CPP-ACPF paste group (P < 0.001) compared with baseline. Betweenn-group comparison in the 8^th week showed a significantly lower pain score in the propolis-based toothpaste group compared with the CPP-ACPF-containing paste (P = 0.02). However, at other intervals, there were no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: The use of both herbal toothpaste containing propolis and CPP-ACPF-containing paste for 8 weeks effectively reduced DH, with a higher desensitizing effect experienced in the former group.

Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of sandblasting on the shear bond strength (SBS) of two adhesive systems on cervical dentin in the gingival wall of Class II restorations at two different distances.

Materials and methods: In this in vitro study, 88 intact premolars were used. After creating a natural smear layer, samples were divided into self-etch (CLEARFIL LINER BOND F) and total-etch (Adper Single Bond 2) groups (n = 44). Each group was subdivided into subgroups (n = 22) for sandblasting at 5 mm or 10 mm, with the contralateral half as control. Following sandblasting (50-μm particles, 2 bar, 2 s), the resin composite was bonded to the dentin surface, with the SBS of the samples measured using a universal testing machine. The samples were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by an energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX). The results were analyzed using three-way repeated measures analysis of variance and Chi-square tests (α = 0.05).

Results: Sandblasting significantly reduced the SBS in both adhesive groups (P < 0.001). However, the adhesive system and distance did not significantly affect the bond strength (P > 0.05). The SEM images displayed the formation of irregularities in the smear layer, and EDX analysis revealed the presence of residual alumina particles on the blasted dentin samples.

Conclusion: Cervical dentine sandblasting reduced the adhesive SBS regardless of the 5- or 10-mm distance or the adhesive system used. Thus, sandblasting is not recommended as a method of dentin preparation before restoring cervical lesions.

Background: Clear aligner therapy (CAT) has gained popularity as an alternative to Conventional Orthodontic Treatments (COT) for its potential to reduce pain and discomfort. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare pain perception and surface electromyography (sEMG) in masticatory muscles between CAT and COT groups.

Materials and methods: A comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. The PRISMA guidelines were employed to ensure transparency and completeness in reporting and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024556800).

Results: Nine studies were considered for inclusion. The meta-analysis revealed a nonsignificant difference in Visual Analog Scale scores between CAT and COT groups, with a mean difference (MD) of -2.77 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -7.25, 1.71), P = 0.23. The heterogeneity test revealed significant heterogeneity among studies (I² = 100%). In contrast, the sEMG activity scores showed a nonsignificant difference between CAT and COT groups (MD = -0.80, P = 0.60). In addition, the odds ratio for patients requiring analgesics was 0.23 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.65), P = 0.005, suggesting a significant difference between CAT and COT groups.

Conclusion: The results suggest that CAT may be associated with improved patient outcomes, including reduced pain and discomfort, as well as lower analgesic consumption. However, the evidence is not conclusive, and further research is needed to fully understand the differences between CAT and COT.

Regenerative endodontics is an expedient therapeutic strategy for necrotic teeth with open apex. The promising result of clinical research in the regenerative endodontic treatment field is published. The main goal of this case series is to present the radiographic and clinical findings of the regenerative endodontic procedure.

Background: This study compared the color stability of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) and Cention N bioactive restorative material following exposure to different coloring solutions.

Materials and methods: In this in vitro experimental study, 12 specimens were fabricated from Cention N and Fuji II LC RMGI and immersed in Turkish coffee, Nescafe, cola, and distilled water as control (n = 3). The color parameters of the specimens were measured after 1, 7, and 28 days of immersion in the respective solutions, and their color change (ΔE) was calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA Friedman test and two-way ANOVA (alpha = 0.05).

Results: On day 1, the highest and lowest ΔE values were noted in Cention N specimens immersed in Nescafe and Cention N specimens immersed in cola, respectively. On days 7 and 28, the highest and lowest ΔE values were found in RMGI specimens immersed in Nescafe and Cention N specimens immersed in cola, respectively. The effects of the type of material and type of coloring solution and their interaction effect on ΔE of specimens at different time points were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the results showed that Fuji II LC RMGI had lower color stability than Cention N in the long term. Nescafe caused the greatest discoloration in Fuji II LC, while Turkish coffee caused the greatest discoloration in Cention N specimens.

Background: Oral candidiasis is one of the most common fungal infections affecting the oral mucosa. It is usually managed by taking antifungal medication that might result in side effects such as toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, consumption of herbal medicine with antifungal activity and fewer side effects has become popular. This study is a systematic review to investigate the improvement and reduction of oral candidiasis symptoms by herbal compounds compared to conventional antifungal drugs.

Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Magiran databases were searched from 1995 to 2021 based on the keywords of the question formula - oral candidiasis (P), herbal compounds (I), antifungal drugs (C), and improvement of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests (O) - to find related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English and Persian languages. Related articles were extracted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and critically appraised using the modified-CONSORT checklist. The risk of bias was also assessed using the Cochrane tool.

Results: After removing duplicates and checking the title and abstract of the articles, 98 articles from 1995 to November 2021 of 715 were reviewed. 83 RCTs were excluded due to non-relevancy and 15 remained for critical appraisal, of which 5 articles were rejected. Finally, 10 articles were included in the systematic review. Based on the risk of bias assessment, one article had low risk, 6 articles had unclear risk, and 3 articles had a high risk of bias. Herbal compounds were applied in the form of gel in 3 articles, in the form of ointment and mouthwash in 1 and 6 articles, respectively. In terms of clinical improvement and laboratory findings, herbal compound mouthwashes and ointment did not have a significant difference from conventional antifungal drugs, but the articles related to compound gels reported variable effects (better, similar, and weaker). Furthermore, herbal compounds generally had more patient satisfaction than antifungal drugs.

Conclusion: It seems that herbal compounds have clinical applications in the treatment of oral candidiasis and gained more patients' satisfaction. To achieve more valid results, it is suggested to conduct more RCTs with a low risk of bias.

Background: The aim of this scoping review (ScR) according to the population, concept, and context question outline was: What factors can affect the accuracy of electronic apex locators (EALs) (concept) when determining the root canal terminus of human permanent teeth (population) in experimental studies (context)?

Materials and methods: A ScR was performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews checklist using the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. Studies that investigated the influence of a factor on the accuracy of the EALs were screened and included according to the inclusion criteria.

Results: A total of 1761 records were retrieved, leading to 805 studies after duplicates were removed. Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in the inclusion of 166 studies. The 20 potential influencing factors include generation/electrical working mechanism, method for application of EALs, root canal curvature, root canal length, tooth type, maxillary sinus proximity, lateral foramen, major apical foramen diameter/file size, file alloy, apical patency, preflaring, apical periodontitis/resorption, internal root resorption, perforation, irrigants, solvents, and medicaments, pulp contents, pulp vitality, orthodontic brackets, endodontic retreatment, and electromagnetic interferences were detected.

Conclusion: Although the accuracy of EALs is acceptable in most cases, the use of radiography along with EALs remains advisable to confirm the measurement in clinical scenarios.

Background: During the incremental technique of composite restorations, it is possible to be exposed to contamination of the oral environment. This study aimed to compare the effect of saliva contamination and different methods of saliva decontamination on microshear bond strength within composite surfaces.

Materials and methods: This in vitro study created 24 rectangular XT composite blocks using a silicone mold (24 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm). The blocks were divided into eight groups as follows: Group 1: Control group (without contamination); Group 2: Contaminated with saliva; Group 3: saliva + dried; Group 4: saliva + rinsed + dried; Group 5: saliva + rinsed + dried + Clearfil Self Etch Bond; Group 6: saliva + 96% ethanol alcohol; Group 7: saliva + chlorhexidine + rinsed + dried; and Group 8: saliva + rinseddried + All-Bond Universal bond. Fifteen tubes (0.7 mm × 1 mm) were attached to the prepared surfaces in each group, with five tubes allocated to each block. They were filled with composite and light-cured and stored in distilled water for 24 h. They were tested under a microshear test. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) test (P < 0.05).

Results: One-way ANOVA test demonstrated significant differences among the groups concerning the mean bond strength (P < 0.001). Tukey's HSD test indicated that the bond strengths in groups 6 and 8 were similar to the control group, showing no significant difference. The lowest bond strength was observed in group 2, which measured 6 MPa.

Conclusion: Decontamination with rinsed + dried + All-Bond Universal bond and 96% ethanol alcohol were the most effective methods for improving the contaminated composites' microshear bond strength.