Dermatology Reports最新文献

A 55-year-old male presented to the dermatology department with a primary complaint of a problematic tumor-like lesion located on the lower lip, persisting for approximately five months. Clinical and dermatoscopic evaluation established a diagnosis of keratoacanthoma, and surgical excision under local anesthesia was recommended.

A 74-year-old male presented to the dermatology department with primary complaints of a problematic tumor-like pigmented formation located on the vertex of the scalp. A clinical and dermatoscopical diagnosis of lentigo maligna was established, and surgical excision under local anesthesia was recommended.

We present a case of a 15-year-old male diagnosed with multiple autoimmune conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD), Crohn's disease (CD), alopecia areata (AA), and eosinophilic gastroenteropathy. After failure of previous therapies, the patient was successfully treated with upadacitinib, a Janus Kinase 1 (JAK-1) inhibitor. Significant improvement in skin and gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as hair regrowth, was observed following 16 weeks of treatment. This case highlights the therapeutic potential of JAK inhibitors like upadacitinib in managing complex autoimmune disorders that share common pathogenic pathways.

Dear Editor, Vitiligo is an acquired, chronic depigmenting disorder characterized by the progressive loss of epidermal melanocytes. Leukotrichia, present in approximately 10% to 60% of cases, results from the loss of melanocytes within the hair follicles. Clinically, it manifests as well-demarcated, nonscaling depigmented macules that may coalesce and expand over time. [...].

Spitz melanocytoma is a melanocytic neoplasm of intermediate malignant potential. BRAF fusions are rare in Spitz tumors, and AKAP9::BRAF rearrangements are exceptionally uncommon. We describe the clinicopathological and molecular features of a Spitz melanocytoma in a 41-year-old woman, analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The lesion was a well-circumscribed dermal proliferation of spindle melanocytes within a collagen-rich stroma, lacking cytological atypia, mitoses, or necrosis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for S100, SOX10, and MART1, weak HMB45 staining, and a very low proliferative index (<1%) on MART1/Ki-67; preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma protein (PRAME) expression was weak and focal. NGS identified an AKAP9 (exon 32)::BRAF (exon 9) fusion, without TERT promoter mutations or other high-risk alterations. This case highlights a rare molecular subset of Spitz melanocytoma and underscores the importance of integrated molecular and histopathological assessment for accurate diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and potential targeted therapy.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is linked with Malassezia colonization, which increases in hijab-wearing women. The growing number of hijab wearers in Indonesia makes this issue relevant. Interleukin (IL)-17 plays a role in inflammation and antifungal immunity, including against Malassezia. However, studies on the role of IL-17 in SD, particularly in hijab-wearing women, are currently lacking. Our study purpose was to evaluate differences in IL-17 levels between hijab-wearing women with SD and without SD, and their correlation with SD severity. This cross-sectional study included 66 hijab-wearing participants aged 18-59 years, with 34 in the SD group and 32 in the non-SD group. IL-17 expression was assessed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) on scalp skin samples obtained through tape stripping (Sebutape®). The SD group had significantly lower IL-17 levels (0.064 [0.006-0.354] pg/μg protein) compared to the non-SD group (0.105 [0.030-0.531] pg/μg protein) (p=0.002), with a strong negative correlation between IL-17 levels and SD severity scores (r=-0.728, p=0.000). The result suggests a potential protective role of IL-17 against SD.

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of heterogeneous genetic disorders caused by the absence or reduced biosynthesis of melanin pigment within the melanocytes in the epidermis. Patients with OCA are prone to certain types of epidermal skin cancers, premalignant skin lesions, and eye-related symptoms and signs. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of common epidermal skin cancers and premalignant skin lesions in patients living with OCA attending an academic hospital in Bloemfontein, Free State province (South Africa). This research focused on individuals referred within the public health sector. We evaluated all patients with this specific condition across the entire Free State province of South Africa and in Lesotho. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional, retrospective review of the medical records of all patients known to the clinic, as well as those referred with OCA, from January 2017 to January 2019. A total of 36 patients were included in this study, with 11 (30.6%) males and 25 (69.4%) females. Thirty-two (88.9%) had a history of active or past epidermal skin cancers or pre-malignant skin lesions, while the remaining 4 (11.1%) had no history of secondary skin pathology. The distribution of the pathology was notable in relation to sun exposure, with the face being mostly affected in 31 (96.9%) of cases assessed. OCA has been identified as a risk factor for solar keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC).

Keloids are benign yet persistent fibroproliferative disorders characterized by raised, irregular scars that extend beyond the original wound margins. In addition to causing disfiguring scars, pain, and restricted mobility, keloids significantly impact psychosocial well-being, often leading to emotional distress and socioeconomic challenges for the affected individuals. Although keloids are recognized as being most prevalent among individuals of African descent, there remains a paucity of epidemiological data on their prevalence in African populations. This gap in knowledge has contributed to the limited prioritization of keloid management in healthcare policies and treatment strategies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of keloids among university students in Uganda and analyze the demographic and patient-related factors associated with keloid development, with particular focus on age, sex, ethnicity, family history, blood group, and skin complexion. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 502 university students at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and direct visual inspection of scars by trained research assistants. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the prevalence and evaluate the associations between keloids and participant characteristics. The prevalence of keloids among study participants was 4.18%, while hypertrophic scars were observed in 20.32%. A positive family history was identified as the strongest association with keloid development. No significant associations were found between keloid formation and ethnicity, blood group, or skin complexion. The study provides population-based prevalence data on keloids and emphasizes the role of genetic predisposition in keloid formation. The findings underscore the need for increased awareness, identification of at-risk populations, and strategized preventive interventions for keloid development.

Melanoma is a neoplasm with a heterogeneous clinical presentation and several histopathological variants have been described. Although histopathological evaluation remains the diagnostic gold standard, unusual morphology of some melanomas can lead to erroneous pathologic misinterpretation, as they can be confused with other non-melanocytic tumors. Here, we present a case of nodular melanoma with pseudovascular morphology characterized by uncommon empty branching slit-like spaces, reminiscent of rete testis vessels, for which we suggest the name of retiform melanoma to distinguish it from angiomatoid melanoma. Immunohistochemical analysis and ancillary molecular tests helped us characterize this neoplasm, underscoring the need for clinical-morphological-molecular correlation for the correct diagnosis of unusual cases.

Dear Editor, Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the focal absence of skin visible at birth, most frequently involving the scalp, although any part of the body may be affected. The estimated incidence is approximately 1 to 3 per 10,000 live births. The pathogenesis is heterogeneous and yet not fully understood. [...].