Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.2174/0102506882312599240708105339
Husam Abuawad, Mohammad AlShatnawi, R. Shawashreh, Maya Attarakih, Mahmoud AlHarbi, Eman AlShebli, Husam Twaissi, Mohammad Sunoqrot
Valvular heart diseases are some of the most common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mitral valve is estimated to be the cause of 15% of deaths in heart valve disease. Mitral valve dysfunction can be treated with a variety of operative options, one of whichis mitral valve replacement. Although it is less desirable than repair, in some situations, it is the only viable option. Thus, we conducted this systematic review to help guide future risk assessment for mitral valve replacement patients and help in the construction of pre-operative risk assessment tools. This is a systematic review of original articles discussing the topic of predictors of mortality for patients undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery. A systematic search was conducted via independent researchers across a number of databases, starting with PubMed databases utilizing its MeSH database, followed by a complementary search through Google Scholar. In total, 27 original articles were included in a collective cohort of 145005 patients. Older age was the most commonly cited variable as a mortality predictor, followed by decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. EuroSCORE is a well-known scoring system that predicts in-hospital mortality following major cardiac surgeries. It was found that it overestimated mortality greatly, while another study found that the revised EuroSCORE II system was a better predictor of mortality. Overall, we note that both versions usually overestimate mortality. There seems to be an overall agreement over several factors, including older age, decreased ejection fraction, and the expertise of the surgeon and the institution on being clear predictors of postoperative mortality. There is also an obvious need for new tools to better predict mortality rates preoperatively, as the currently used scores often result in greatly inaccurate predictions
瓣膜性心脏病是导致全球心血管疾病发病和死亡的最常见原因之一。据估计，15%的心脏瓣膜病患者死于二尖瓣。二尖瓣功能障碍可通过多种手术方式治疗，其中之一是二尖瓣置换术。虽然它不如修复术理想，但在某些情况下，它是唯一可行的选择。因此，我们进行了这一系统性综述，以帮助指导二尖瓣置换术患者未来的风险评估，并帮助构建术前风险评估工具。这是一篇系统性综述，收录了讨论二尖瓣置换术患者死亡率预测因素这一主题的原创文章。独立研究人员在多个数据库中进行了系统性检索，首先利用其MeSH数据库对PubMed数据库进行了检索，随后又通过谷歌学术进行了补充检索。高龄是最常被引用的死亡率预测变量，其次是左心室射血分数下降。EuroSCORE 是预测重大心脏手术后院内死亡率的著名评分系统。研究发现，它大大高估了死亡率，而另一项研究则发现，修订后的 EuroSCORE II 系统能更好地预测死亡率。总体而言，我们注意到这两个版本通常都高估了死亡率。在一些因素上，包括年龄偏大、射血分数下降以及外科医生和医疗机构的专业技能等，似乎都是术后死亡率的明确预测因素。由于目前使用的评分通常会导致预测非常不准确，因此显然需要新的工具来更好地预测术前死亡率。
{"title":"Predictors of Mortality Following Mitral Valve Replacement: A Systematic\u0000Review","authors":"Husam Abuawad, Mohammad AlShatnawi, R. Shawashreh, Maya Attarakih, Mahmoud AlHarbi, Eman AlShebli, Husam Twaissi, Mohammad Sunoqrot","doi":"10.2174/0102506882312599240708105339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882312599240708105339","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Valvular heart diseases are some of the most common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mitral valve is estimated to\u0000be the cause of 15% of deaths in heart valve disease. Mitral valve dysfunction can be treated with a variety of operative options, one of whichis\u0000mitral valve replacement. Although it is less desirable than repair, in some situations, it is the only viable option. Thus, we conducted this\u0000systematic review to help guide future risk assessment for mitral valve replacement patients and help in the construction of pre-operative risk\u0000assessment tools.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This is a systematic review of original articles discussing the topic of predictors of mortality for patients undergoing mitral valve replacement\u0000surgery. A systematic search was conducted via independent researchers across a number of databases, starting with PubMed databases utilizing its\u0000MeSH database, followed by a complementary search through Google Scholar.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In total, 27 original articles were included in a collective cohort of 145005 patients. Older age was the most commonly cited variable as a mortality\u0000predictor, followed by decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. EuroSCORE is a well-known scoring system that predicts in-hospital mortality\u0000following major cardiac surgeries. It was found that it overestimated mortality greatly, while another study found that the revised EuroSCORE II\u0000system was a better predictor of mortality. Overall, we note that both versions usually overestimate mortality.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There seems to be an overall agreement over several factors, including older age, decreased ejection fraction, and the expertise of the surgeon and\u0000the institution on being clear predictors of postoperative mortality. There is also an obvious need for new tools to better predict mortality rates\u0000preoperatively, as the currently used scores often result in greatly inaccurate predictions\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"42 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.2174/0102506882296927240628080941
Saba Noor, Supriya Sharma, Taruna Arora
A lack of proper anti-malarial medication use can lead to drug resistance, failed therapy, and even death. It is unclear how widespread the use of fake anti-malarial medications is in India. Better malaria treatment and the execution of regulatory initiatives to improve anti-malarial drug quality necessitate regional research into the quality of available anti-malarial pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to look into the quality of anti-malarial drugs in regions of India where malaria is common. Conclusions about the prevalence of substandard anti-malarial medications in Indian communities can be drawn from the findings. Samples of anti-malarial pills were bought from stores in five different Indian areas. One hundred and fifty anti-malarial drug samples were gathered. Using a GPHF minilab lab kit, the quality of the following samples was determined: chloroquine (n=50), artemether lumefantrine (n=50), artesunate sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (n=14), and primaquine (n=31). This research confirmed that 98% of the tablets disintegrated properly in a minilab disintegration test. As a result, when compared to both the full set of standards and 80% of the samples, 99% of the samples passed the preliminary qualitative TLC test. Only 4% of samples (those with insufficient amounts of the active medicinal component) failed the quantitative HPLC test. Anti-malarial medicine counterfeiting has been found to be quite uncommon in India compared to other countries. However, further research is needed, such as post-marketing surveillance, to ensure that effective anti-malarials are distributed to the public.
{"title":"Field Study on the Assessment of Antimalarial Drug Quality Using Minilab Kit\u0000in India","authors":"Saba Noor, Supriya Sharma, Taruna Arora","doi":"10.2174/0102506882296927240628080941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882296927240628080941","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A lack of proper anti-malarial medication use can lead to drug resistance, failed therapy, and even death. It is unclear how widespread the use of\u0000fake anti-malarial medications is in India. Better malaria treatment and the execution of regulatory initiatives to improve anti-malarial drug quality\u0000necessitate regional research into the quality of available anti-malarial pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to look into the quality of anti-malarial\u0000drugs in regions of India where malaria is common. Conclusions about the prevalence of substandard anti-malarial medications in Indian\u0000communities can be drawn from the findings.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Samples of anti-malarial pills were bought from stores in five different Indian areas. One hundred and fifty anti-malarial drug samples were\u0000gathered. Using a GPHF minilab lab kit, the quality of the following samples was determined: chloroquine (n=50), artemether lumefantrine (n=50),\u0000artesunate sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (n=14), and primaquine (n=31).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This research confirmed that 98% of the tablets disintegrated properly in a minilab disintegration test. As a result, when compared to both the full\u0000set of standards and 80% of the samples, 99% of the samples passed the preliminary qualitative TLC test. Only 4% of samples (those with\u0000insufficient amounts of the active medicinal component) failed the quantitative HPLC test.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Anti-malarial medicine counterfeiting has been found to be quite uncommon in India compared to other countries. However, further research is\u0000needed, such as post-marketing surveillance, to ensure that effective anti-malarials are distributed to the public.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aphasia, also known as language impairment, is a condition that affects the ability to express and understand language, as well as the ability to communicate. Crossed Aphasia in Dextral (CAD) is defined as aphasia after a right hemispheric stroke. Usually, aphasia is caused by a left-sided stroke in right-handed individuals. The prevalence of crossed aphasia in right-handed individuals is 0.38% to 3%. CAD is diagnosed when the following factors are present: aphasia, right-handed patient, no family h/o left-handedness, the structural integrity of the left hemisphere, and absence of brain damage in childhood. Another entity, Global Aphasia Without Hemiparesis (GAWH), is a rare stroke syndrome presenting with global aphasia without any weakness and occurs in the lesion of the left-sided peri-sylvian region. A 56-year-old female with a known case of severe mitral stenosis with chronic AF on warfarin and not on regular medications was brought to our hospital as she had not communicated for the past day. On initial examination, the patient was conscious, globally aphasic, with left facial lag and no weakness of limbs. Her initial Computed Tomography (CT) brain scan was normal. She was not thrombolysed as she was out of the window. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed right frontal, temporal, and parietal infarct in middle cerebral artery territory. She was treated conservatively with full-dose anticoagulation and, upon discharge, was started on oral anticoagulants. At the time of discharge, the patient was able to understand a few commands and was having echolalia with non-fluent speech. She was reviewed again at 3 months, and she had a full recovery of her speech. CAD is a rare stroke syndrome with low prevalence. Even though all subtypes of aphasic syndromes are seen in CAD, Broca's aphasia is the common subtype, and men are affected commonly. Most patients also present with apraxia and visuospatial neglect. Our patient had all the criteria for the diagnosis of CAD and also had GAWH and showed rapid recovery. The cause of the disease in this patient was considered to be two different lesions involving language areas due to an embolism in her heart. This case has been presented for its rarity due to the occurrence of both CAD and GAWH in the same patient in a right-sided infarct.
{"title":"Crossed Aphasia without Hemiparesis in a Dextral: A Case Report","authors":"Anandi Damodaran, Rehab Abdoqasem, Saima Bandey Hamid, Devdutt Nayak kotekar","doi":"10.2174/0102506882278682240227062258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882278682240227062258","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Aphasia, also known as language impairment, is a condition that affects the ability to express and understand language, as well as the ability to\u0000communicate. Crossed Aphasia in Dextral (CAD) is defined as aphasia after a right hemispheric stroke. Usually, aphasia is caused by a left-sided\u0000stroke in right-handed individuals. The prevalence of crossed aphasia in right-handed individuals is 0.38% to 3%. CAD is diagnosed when the\u0000following factors are present: aphasia, right-handed patient, no family h/o left-handedness, the structural integrity of the left hemisphere, and\u0000absence of brain damage in childhood. Another entity, Global Aphasia Without Hemiparesis (GAWH), is a rare stroke syndrome presenting with\u0000global aphasia without any weakness and occurs in the lesion of the left-sided peri-sylvian region.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A 56-year-old female with a known case of severe mitral stenosis with chronic AF on warfarin and not on regular medications was brought to our\u0000hospital as she had not communicated for the past day. On initial examination, the patient was conscious, globally aphasic, with left facial lag and\u0000no weakness of limbs. Her initial Computed Tomography (CT) brain scan was normal. She was not thrombolysed as she was out of the window.\u0000Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed right frontal, temporal, and parietal infarct in middle cerebral artery territory. She was treated\u0000conservatively with full-dose anticoagulation and, upon discharge, was started on oral anticoagulants. At the time of discharge, the patient was able\u0000to understand a few commands and was having echolalia with non-fluent speech. She was reviewed again at 3 months, and she had a full recovery\u0000of her speech.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000CAD is a rare stroke syndrome with low prevalence. Even though all subtypes of aphasic syndromes are seen in CAD, Broca's aphasia is the\u0000common subtype, and men are affected commonly. Most patients also present with apraxia and visuospatial neglect. Our patient had all the criteria\u0000for the diagnosis of CAD and also had GAWH and showed rapid recovery. The cause of the disease in this patient was considered to be two\u0000different lesions involving language areas due to an embolism in her heart.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This case has been presented for its rarity due to the occurrence of both CAD and GAWH in the same patient in a right-sided infarct.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.2174/0102506882290694240217170943
Arnel Bañaga Salgado, Vijaya Kumardhas
The impact of the pandemic has shed light on the roles of nursing worldwide, as nurses who served in the frontline were affected severely and significantly at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most nurses bravely and courageously faced dangers, even death, to help patients confined in various healthcare facilities. Eventually, the nursing profession emerged victorious after the healthcare system worldwide was brought to its knees, almost collapsing the entire healthcare system in some countries, especially in Europe. As a part of countermeasures, all schools were forced to close and reinvent themselves in educating students using the available technologies, internet, occasional volunteer exposure, and work in government hospitals. The RAK College of Nursing (RAKCON) followed its actual schedule using all the university's resources, including online examinations, Zoom, and Google Meet. At first, it looked like the quality of education, especially at the graduate level, was compromised. Still, the students eventually became creative as they would do online research, meetings, and advising. The thesis defense was conducted online for at least two consecutive years, i.e., 2020 and 2021. Yet, it does not show that the quality of the thesis output by the students is inferior. They improved as students were obliged to keep track of the subject matter they chose to work on. As technology advances, the college is adjusting and looking for opportunities everywhere, like expanding markets outside the UAE, improving alumni involvement and support, and its plan to initiate and open doctoral nursing programs. RAKCON continuously believes that it can help develop innovation in the nursing and midwifery practice in the country as it hopes to produce one nurse in every Emirati family.
{"title":"Current Challenges and Opportunities for Advanced Nursing Education in The\u0000United Arab Emirates","authors":"Arnel Bañaga Salgado, Vijaya Kumardhas","doi":"10.2174/0102506882290694240217170943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882290694240217170943","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The impact of the pandemic has shed light on the roles of nursing worldwide, as nurses who served in the frontline were affected severely and\u0000significantly at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most nurses bravely and courageously faced dangers, even death, to help patients confined in\u0000various healthcare facilities. Eventually, the nursing profession emerged victorious after the healthcare system worldwide was brought to its knees,\u0000almost collapsing the entire healthcare system in some countries, especially in Europe. As a part of countermeasures, all schools were forced to\u0000close and reinvent themselves in educating students using the available technologies, internet, occasional volunteer exposure, and work in\u0000government hospitals. The RAK College of Nursing (RAKCON) followed its actual schedule using all the university's resources, including online\u0000examinations, Zoom, and Google Meet. At first, it looked like the quality of education, especially at the graduate level, was compromised. Still, the\u0000students eventually became creative as they would do online research, meetings, and advising. The thesis defense was conducted online for at least\u0000two consecutive years, i.e., 2020 and 2021. Yet, it does not show that the quality of the thesis output by the students is inferior. They improved as\u0000students were obliged to keep track of the subject matter they chose to work on. As technology advances, the college is adjusting and looking for\u0000opportunities everywhere, like expanding markets outside the UAE, improving alumni involvement and support, and its plan to initiate and open\u0000doctoral nursing programs. RAKCON continuously believes that it can help develop innovation in the nursing and midwifery practice in the\u0000country as it hopes to produce one nurse in every Emirati family.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"47 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.2174/0102506882282237240206075352
Faseeha Eram, M. A. Quamri, Adeeba Zaidi, Sonam
Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in erythropoiesis, both directly and indirectly, with reduced secretion potentially causing anaemia—a commonly overlooked symptom of hypothyroidism. By compiling existing data, discussing recent advancements, identifying root causes, and proposing potential treatment options, this work acknowledges the complexity of the issue and aims to serve as a foundational reference for those in the early stages of research or clinical practice. To comprehend the concept of this disease condition, a number of medical textbooks were consulted. Various search engines, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, Scopus, etc., were cited to explore the recent advancements and obtain data on the topic in question. Later, all the information and data gathered were organised into a review article. Anemia, often referred to as the “haematological mask” of hypothyroidism, can manifest even before hypothyroidism is clinically diagnosed. Hypothyroidism must be considered as a potential cause when confronted with refractory anemia, as its treatment is pivotal for achieving comprehensive and lasting improvements in haematological parameters.
{"title":"“A Comprehensive Review of Anaemia Associated with Hypothyroidism”","authors":"Faseeha Eram, M. A. Quamri, Adeeba Zaidi, Sonam","doi":"10.2174/0102506882282237240206075352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882282237240206075352","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in erythropoiesis, both directly and indirectly, with reduced secretion potentially causing anaemia—a\u0000commonly overlooked symptom of hypothyroidism. By compiling existing data, discussing recent advancements, identifying root causes, and\u0000proposing potential treatment options, this work acknowledges the complexity of the issue and aims to serve as a foundational reference for those\u0000in the early stages of research or clinical practice.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To comprehend the concept of this disease condition, a number of medical textbooks were consulted. Various search engines, such as PubMed,\u0000Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, Scopus, etc., were cited to explore the recent advancements and obtain data on the topic in\u0000question. Later, all the information and data gathered were organised into a review article.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Anemia, often referred to as the “haematological mask” of hypothyroidism, can manifest even before hypothyroidism is clinically diagnosed.\u0000Hypothyroidism must be considered as a potential cause when confronted with refractory anemia, as its treatment is pivotal for achieving\u0000comprehensive and lasting improvements in haematological parameters.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"129 S200","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.2174/0102506882278713240303174153
A. Azarfar, Y. Ravanshad, Alireza Ataei Nakhaei, Kimia Mirfendereski, Toktam Kheirabadi
Vancomycin, used to treat severe gram-positive infections, can induce acute kidney injury. Some evidence introduced Interleukin-18 (IL-18) as an inflammatory mediator of ischemic damage to many organs and urinary IL-18 as a diagnostic biomarker of acute tubular necrosis. The current study aimed to evaluate the urinary level of IL-18 after vancomycin therapy. This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients under treatment with vancomycin selected from those referred to Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, from 2018-2019. Urinary IL-18 was measured based on nanograms per milliliter using a human IL-18 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit about this cytokine before vancomycin administration and then two days later. All the analyses were performed in SPSS software (version 25), and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 36 patients with a mean age of 40.06±36.67 months were included in the study. The mean scores of IL-18 before and after taking vancomycin were 1453.00±555.01 and 1713.00±660.98, respectively. The IL-18 was significantly lower before vancomycin consumption than the level reported after 48 h (P<0.05). The present study highlighted a higher level of urinary IL-18 after vancomycin treatment, which may indicate kidney injuries. Therefore, it may be considered a potential biomarker of acute tubular necrosis in patients under vancomycin therapy.
{"title":"Evaluation of Urinary Interleukin-18 Changes in Patients Treated with\u0000Vancomycin","authors":"A. Azarfar, Y. Ravanshad, Alireza Ataei Nakhaei, Kimia Mirfendereski, Toktam Kheirabadi","doi":"10.2174/0102506882278713240303174153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882278713240303174153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Vancomycin, used to treat severe gram-positive infections, can induce acute kidney injury. Some evidence introduced Interleukin-18 (IL-18) as an\u0000inflammatory mediator of ischemic damage to many organs and urinary IL-18 as a diagnostic biomarker of acute tubular necrosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current study aimed to evaluate the urinary level of IL-18 after vancomycin therapy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients under treatment with vancomycin selected from those referred to Dr. Sheikh Hospital,\u0000Mashhad, Iran, from 2018-2019. Urinary IL-18 was measured based on nanograms per milliliter using a human IL-18 enzyme-linked\u0000immunosorbent assay kit about this cytokine before vancomycin administration and then two days later. All the analyses were performed in SPSS\u0000software (version 25), and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 36 patients with a mean age of 40.06±36.67 months were included in the study. The mean scores of IL-18 before and after taking\u0000vancomycin were 1453.00±555.01 and 1713.00±660.98, respectively. The IL-18 was significantly lower before vancomycin consumption than the\u0000level reported after 48 h (P<0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study highlighted a higher level of urinary IL-18 after vancomycin treatment, which may indicate kidney injuries. Therefore, it may be\u0000considered a potential biomarker of acute tubular necrosis in patients under vancomycin therapy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"43 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.2174/0102506882280315231227033125
Ebrahem Alyosef, Mariam Mohsin, Mavra Ali, Qonitah Gibrata, Biji Thomas George
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) constitutes a significant etiology of cervical myelopathy. The most common clinical presentations are myelopathy and radiculopathy, which result from a decrease in the spinal canal's volume and the spinal cord's subsequent compression by the ossified posterior longitudinal ligament. This results in motor and sensory deficits, especially in the extremities. A 48-year-old male presented with a complaint of neck pain that radiated to both upper limbs and was associated with numbness, tingling, and paranesthesia. He also had a history of lower back pain that radiated to the right leg, which was also associated with numbness and limited mobility to his cervical spine. Lhermitte's sign was positive. Sensory deficit to pinprick and touch was noted in the right upper limb and lower limbs. Flexion deformities of the right hand and elbow extension fingers were noted. Neuroimaging of the cervical spine showed cervical canal stenosis, OPLL, and myelopathy. Surgical management included internal fixation using plates and transpedicular screws, lateral mass fixation, and laminectomy of the third to sixth cervical vertebrae (C3-C6). OPLL should be considered an integral component of the differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with neck pain and consequent motor and sensory deficits of the extremities. OPLL with mild and/or non-progressive symptoms can be addressed with non-operative measures. Assessing preoperative neuroimaging is crucial before surgery to determine the degree of spinal cord compression and the presence of OPLL in all patients with cervical myelopathy. Surgical treatment options for posterior longitudinal ligament calcification include laminectomy and fusion, anterior decompression including transpedicular and costo-transversectomy, laminoplasty, and circumferential decompression via staged posterior and anterior approaches. Determining the most effective surgical approach for managing OPLL is still controversial, and selecting the appropriate procedure should be based on the patient's clinical presentation and level of pathological involvement.
{"title":"Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Calcification with Myelopathy - A Case Report","authors":"Ebrahem Alyosef, Mariam Mohsin, Mavra Ali, Qonitah Gibrata, Biji Thomas George","doi":"10.2174/0102506882280315231227033125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882280315231227033125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) constitutes a significant etiology of cervical myelopathy. The most common clinical\u0000presentations are myelopathy and radiculopathy, which result from a decrease in the spinal canal's volume and the spinal cord's subsequent\u0000compression by the ossified posterior longitudinal ligament. This results in motor and sensory deficits, especially in the extremities.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A 48-year-old male presented with a complaint of neck pain that radiated to both upper limbs and was associated with numbness, tingling, and\u0000paranesthesia. He also had a history of lower back pain that radiated to the right leg, which was also associated with numbness and limited mobility\u0000to his cervical spine. Lhermitte's sign was positive. Sensory deficit to pinprick and touch was noted in the right upper limb and lower limbs.\u0000Flexion deformities of the right hand and elbow extension fingers were noted. Neuroimaging of the cervical spine showed cervical canal stenosis,\u0000OPLL, and myelopathy. Surgical management included internal fixation using plates and transpedicular screws, lateral mass fixation, and\u0000laminectomy of the third to sixth cervical vertebrae (C3-C6).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000OPLL should be considered an integral component of the differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with neck pain and consequent motor and\u0000sensory deficits of the extremities. OPLL with mild and/or non-progressive symptoms can be addressed with non-operative measures. Assessing\u0000preoperative neuroimaging is crucial before surgery to determine the degree of spinal cord compression and the presence of OPLL in all patients\u0000with cervical myelopathy. Surgical treatment options for posterior longitudinal ligament calcification include laminectomy and fusion, anterior\u0000decompression including transpedicular and costo-transversectomy, laminoplasty, and circumferential decompression via staged posterior and\u0000anterior approaches. Determining the most effective surgical approach for managing OPLL is still controversial, and selecting the appropriate\u0000procedure should be based on the patient's clinical presentation and level of pathological involvement.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"52 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.2174/0102506882278861240109023616
Azher Kareem, Khudair Hazbar, Haitham Noaman
The study of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) worldwide is of low rate as it is an uncommon disease. The outbreak in Iraq in 2022 is high. To study the prognosis of hemorrhagic fever patients in Thi-Qar governorate, where the highest rate of the disease is, so that we might expect the fat of the disease. Patients and Methods: A descriptive cases series of cross-section studies that included all patients with severe or life-threatening Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF) PCR-positive cases (out of the total 100) admitted and followed up in AL-Hussain Teaching Hospital in 2022. To study patients' features that indicate the prognostic factors of the disease. All cases proved to be CCHF by PCR were 100 patients of variable severity, 14 cases were admitted to intensive care units (ICU), 13 patients died, 2 pregnant ladies were infected with CCHF unfortunately died, 16 children admitted to hospital 2 of them died and 14 cases completely cured. The most serious cases are intrapulmonary hemorrhage and neuropsychiatric presentation. There are many clinical and laboratory prognostic markers. The riskiest clinical bad prognostic factor is the neuropsychiatric and pulmonary hemorrhage and CCHF in pregnant ladies.
{"title":"The Prognosis of Crimean-congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Thiqar City, South of\u0000Iraq, in 100 Cases over 2022","authors":"Azher Kareem, Khudair Hazbar, Haitham Noaman","doi":"10.2174/0102506882278861240109023616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882278861240109023616","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The study of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) worldwide is of low rate as it is an uncommon disease. The outbreak in Iraq in 2022 is\u0000high.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To study the prognosis of hemorrhagic fever patients in Thi-Qar governorate, where the highest rate of the disease is, so that we might expect the\u0000fat of the disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Patients and Methods: A descriptive cases series of cross-section studies that included all patients with severe or life-threatening Crimean-Congo\u0000hemorrhagic fever(CCHF) PCR-positive cases (out of the total 100) admitted and followed up in AL-Hussain Teaching Hospital in 2022. To study\u0000patients' features that indicate the prognostic factors of the disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000All cases proved to be CCHF by PCR were 100 patients of variable severity, 14 cases were admitted to intensive care units (ICU), 13 patients died,\u00002 pregnant ladies were infected with CCHF unfortunately died, 16 children admitted to hospital 2 of them died and 14 cases completely cured. The\u0000most serious cases are intrapulmonary hemorrhage and neuropsychiatric presentation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There are many clinical and laboratory prognostic markers. The riskiest clinical bad prognostic factor is the neuropsychiatric and pulmonary\u0000hemorrhage and CCHF in pregnant ladies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"11 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.2174/0102506882262319231213115239
Ali Makiya, Masoud Amiri Moghaddam, Farbod faghihinia, Reza Mahmoudi Anzabi, Hanieh Asadi, A. Fathi
Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease possessing detrimental impacts on supporting tissue of teeth (like gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone) and involves a great number of individuals all over the world. One of the appropriate ways to prevent this disease is to find related risk factors. According to reports, pregnancy complications can be associated with this oral disease; however, the possible mechanisms linking these two conditions have not been exactly determined. Hence, in this review, we summarize documents related to pregnancy complications and periodontitis with a mechanistic insight. Literature on the relevant topic was searched from scientific databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, in English, between 1996 and 2022. Based on reports, pregnancy complications (premature labor, low weight at birth, and preeclampsia) can be related to periodontitis. This linkage can be mediated by inflammatory reactions, one of the main pathogenic mechanisms in periodontitis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, have the ability to induce labor and fetal toxicity and finally create preterm labor and low weight at birth. Besides, these cytokines can potentiate chronic inflammatory responses in the fetal-maternal interface, impair placentation, and create endothelial dysfunction. It seems that pro-inflammatory reactions, like secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, can be a bridge for associating periodontitis and pregnancy complications. However, more studies with larger sample sizes are needed to support these findings.
{"title":"Pro-inflammatory Cytokines may Associate Periodontitis with Pregnancy\u0000Complications: A Short Review","authors":"Ali Makiya, Masoud Amiri Moghaddam, Farbod faghihinia, Reza Mahmoudi Anzabi, Hanieh Asadi, A. Fathi","doi":"10.2174/0102506882262319231213115239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882262319231213115239","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease possessing detrimental impacts on supporting tissue of teeth (like gingiva, periodontal ligament, and\u0000alveolar bone) and involves a great number of individuals all over the world. One of the appropriate ways to prevent this disease is to find related\u0000risk factors. According to reports, pregnancy complications can be associated with this oral disease; however, the possible mechanisms linking\u0000these two conditions have not been exactly determined. Hence, in this review, we summarize documents related to pregnancy complications and\u0000periodontitis with a mechanistic insight.\u0000Literature on the relevant topic was searched from scientific databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, in English, between 1996\u0000and 2022.\u0000Based on reports, pregnancy complications (premature labor, low weight at birth, and preeclampsia) can be related to periodontitis. This linkage\u0000can be mediated by inflammatory reactions, one of the main pathogenic mechanisms in periodontitis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α,\u0000IL-1β, and IL-6, have the ability to induce labor and fetal toxicity and finally create preterm labor and low weight at birth. Besides, these cytokines\u0000can potentiate chronic inflammatory responses in the fetal-maternal interface, impair placentation, and create endothelial dysfunction.\u0000It seems that pro-inflammatory reactions, like secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, can be a bridge for associating periodontitis and pregnancy\u0000complications. However, more studies with larger sample sizes are needed to support these findings.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alternative medication is used for treating the common problems associated with pregnancy. 80% of women suffer from morning sickness during pregnancy. Treatment during pregnancy via using non-pharmacological therapy is quite popular all over the world as it is safe and has no negative effects on the fetus. Nausea and vomiting are one of the most prominent problems faced by pregnant women. Acupressure and Aromatherapy have been used by pregnant ladies nowadays for relieving nausea and vomiting symptoms. Conventional therapies also aid in medication of morning sickness in pregnancy duration that covers drugs like Antiemetics, Corticosteroids, Antihistaminic, IV fluids and Vitamin-B6 supplements. Many scientific studies have demonstrated that few drugs that come under conventional treatment cause severe birth defects and stillbirth. This is the leading reason pregnant women prefer to use herbs instead of using conventional medical treatment. The prospective of this review article is to find out the alternative and conventional therapeutic approaches for alleviating the symptoms of morning sickness during pregnancy.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Alternative Therapeutic Approaches for Nausea\u0000and Vomiting Relief in Pregnancy","authors":"Manish Panchal, Priyakshi Rana, Nitika Garg, Sanchit Dhankhar, Samrat Chauhan, Himanshu Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0102506882282929231212074538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882282929231212074538","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Alternative medication is used for treating the common problems associated with pregnancy. 80% of women suffer from morning sickness during\u0000pregnancy. Treatment during pregnancy via using non-pharmacological therapy is quite popular all over the world as it is safe and has no negative\u0000effects on the fetus. Nausea and vomiting are one of the most prominent problems faced by pregnant women. Acupressure and Aromatherapy have\u0000been used by pregnant ladies nowadays for relieving nausea and vomiting symptoms. Conventional therapies also aid in medication of morning\u0000sickness in pregnancy duration that covers drugs like Antiemetics, Corticosteroids, Antihistaminic, IV fluids and Vitamin-B6 supplements. Many\u0000scientific studies have demonstrated that few drugs that come under conventional treatment cause severe birth defects and stillbirth. This is the\u0000leading reason pregnant women prefer to use herbs instead of using conventional medical treatment. The prospective of this review article is to find\u0000out the alternative and conventional therapeutic approaches for alleviating the symptoms of morning sickness during pregnancy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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