Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230525104823
H. Omran, Safaa M. Imran, M. Almaliki, Q. Mohammed, Duna Alrudani, Mohammed Mossa Imran
Worldwide, more than 6 million individuals have passed away in the two years since the pandemic began. The mortality and infection rates for men and women differ significantly across the several nations impacted by SARS-CoV-2. Many features of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle are influenced by several processes. The numerous ways in which genetic, epigenetic, or behavioral mechanisms affect the viral life cycle and the host's immune response to infection have led to identifying potential markers. COVID-19 causes various symptoms, from minor respiratory symptoms to fatal respiratory syndrome, with men, regardless of age, having a worsened illness course than women and a higher mortality rate. Gender differences in illness progression can be attributed to genetic variables like chromosomal characteristics and behavioral factors like hygiene behaviors. In this review, we extracted data from various WHO guidelines and other articles and the main molecular and behavioral mechanisms involved in COVID-19 disease are highlighted. Exploration of these factors may explain why COVID-19 affects gender differently.
{"title":"The Implication of Behavioral and Molecular Factors on COVID-19 Infection","authors":"H. Omran, Safaa M. Imran, M. Almaliki, Q. Mohammed, Duna Alrudani, Mohammed Mossa Imran","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230525104823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230525104823","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Worldwide, more than 6 million individuals have passed away in the two years since the pandemic began. The mortality and infection rates for men and women differ significantly across the several nations impacted by SARS-CoV-2. Many features of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle are influenced by several processes. The numerous ways in which genetic, epigenetic, or behavioral mechanisms affect the viral life cycle and the host's immune response to infection have led to identifying potential markers. COVID-19 causes various symptoms, from minor respiratory symptoms to fatal respiratory syndrome, with men, regardless of age, having a worsened illness course than women and a higher mortality rate.\u0000 Gender differences in illness progression can be attributed to genetic variables like chromosomal characteristics and behavioral factors like hygiene behaviors. In this review, we extracted data from various WHO guidelines and other articles and the main molecular and behavioral mechanisms involved in COVID-19 disease are highlighted. Exploration of these factors may explain why COVID-19 affects gender differently.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129839385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230519145707
Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
The topic of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease)-associated complications during pregnancy is poorly postulated and remains an area that requires elucidation for the underlying pathophysiology mechanism in order to evaluate a new therapeutic strategy and optimize current therapies. The study aimed to assess the proportion of associated complications with COVID-19 and the underlying pathophysiology in pregnant women. The MedLine and Embase databases were searched for studies relevant to the study topic. Preterm delivery and C-section have been found to be the most frequently reported complications. Approximately, 28.55% of pregnant women with symptomatic COVID-19 have been reported to require a C-section and 8.8% preterm delivery. In addition, anxiety and depression have also been frequently reported in 57% and 37% of pregnant women, respectively. Symptomatic pregnant women with COVID-19 have a high risk of preterm labor, mortality and morbidity rates, and C-section requirements. The underlying pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated complications during pregnancy includes homeostatic disturbances of the immune system, pulmonary system, and hemostatic system. In addition to endothelial dysfunction, excessive immune response, coagulopathy, hypoxemia, and hypotension are involved in the pathogenesis that negatively affects neonates' health outcomes.
{"title":"COVID-19 Related Complications During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230519145707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230519145707","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The topic of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease)-associated complications during pregnancy is poorly postulated and remains an area that requires elucidation for the underlying pathophysiology mechanism in order to evaluate a new therapeutic strategy and optimize current therapies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study aimed to assess the proportion of associated complications with COVID-19 and the underlying pathophysiology in pregnant women.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The MedLine and Embase databases were searched for studies relevant to the study topic.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Preterm delivery and C-section have been found to be the most frequently reported complications. Approximately, 28.55% of pregnant women with symptomatic COVID-19 have been reported to require a C-section and 8.8% preterm delivery. In addition, anxiety and depression have also been frequently reported in 57% and 37% of pregnant women, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Symptomatic pregnant women with COVID-19 have a high risk of preterm labor, mortality and morbidity rates, and C-section requirements. The underlying pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated complications during pregnancy includes homeostatic disturbances of the immune system, pulmonary system, and hemostatic system. In addition to endothelial dysfunction, excessive immune response, coagulopathy, hypoxemia, and hypotension are involved in the pathogenesis that negatively affects neonates' health outcomes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126448931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230515090441
Maher Malaeb, Sameera Mahboub, A. Howeedy
Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory GI condition whereby patients present predominantly with chronic watery diarrhea associated with other non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain, urgency, fecal incontinence, weight loss, arthralgia, myalgia, anxiety, depression, and fatigue, which negatively impact their quality of life. We present a case of a 44 -year old female with a history of hypothyroidism and celiac disease who presented to the GI clinic with a history of more than ten diarrhea episodes per day along with mild abdominal pain and bloating. A colonoscopy was performed, and a random colon biopsy revealed collagenous/microscopic colitis.
{"title":"Case Report: Collagenous Colitis associated with Celiac Disease","authors":"Maher Malaeb, Sameera Mahboub, A. Howeedy","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230515090441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230515090441","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory GI condition whereby patients present predominantly with chronic watery diarrhea associated with other non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain, urgency, fecal incontinence, weight loss, arthralgia, myalgia, anxiety, depression, and fatigue, which negatively impact their quality of life.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We present a case of a 44 -year old female with a history of hypothyroidism and celiac disease who presented to the GI clinic with a history of more than ten diarrhea episodes per day along with mild abdominal pain and bloating.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A colonoscopy was performed, and a random colon biopsy revealed collagenous/microscopic colitis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115470650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230515090459
Ananya Bej, Sthitaprajna Lenka, R. Nagarajappa, S. Sahoo, S. Subudhi, Karishma Rathore, Aditi Ava Rath
To estimate the recurrence of odontogenic keratocyst (OKCs) and increment of bone height upon an innovative treatment protocol of the OKC, i.e., enucleation along with the adjuvant therapy of Carnoy’s solution, followed by marsupialization. Twenty cases of OKC treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from 2020-2021 were studied retrospectively. Clinical, radiological features and histologic features were reviewed. The patients diagnosed with OKCs were planned for enucleation with the use of Carnoy's solution and followed by marsupialization. Recurrence of the same and bone formation was analyzed concerning sites of involvement, based upon the gender and age group of patients, after undergoing the proposed treatment. Mean age of the patients was 35.15±13.02, ranging from 11 to 56 years. Most (85%) patients were symptomatic, and the remaining (15%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed on a routine check-up. Males (65%) were mostly affected than females (35%). Mandible (75%) was the most frequent site of occurrence. Most lesions were diagnosed histologically as OKC on incisional biopsy. All patients were followed for six months, an increment of 11.11±1.68mm bone height was seen, and none reported recurrence. The steady growth of bone without any cases of recurrence was reported. Hence, clinicians can consider enucleation along with adjuvant therapy using Carnoy's solution followed by marsupialization as the treatment of choice.
{"title":"Appraisal of an Innovative Surgical Approach in treating Odontogenic Keratocyst","authors":"Ananya Bej, Sthitaprajna Lenka, R. Nagarajappa, S. Sahoo, S. Subudhi, Karishma Rathore, Aditi Ava Rath","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230515090459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230515090459","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000To estimate the recurrence of odontogenic keratocyst (OKCs) and increment of bone height upon an innovative treatment protocol of the OKC, i.e., enucleation along with the adjuvant therapy of Carnoy’s solution, followed by marsupialization.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty cases of OKC treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from 2020-2021 were studied retrospectively. Clinical, radiological features and histologic features were reviewed. The patients diagnosed with OKCs were planned for enucleation with the use of Carnoy's solution and followed by marsupialization. Recurrence of the same and bone formation was analyzed concerning sites of involvement, based upon the gender and age group of patients, after undergoing the proposed treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Mean age of the patients was 35.15±13.02, ranging from 11 to 56 years. Most (85%) patients were symptomatic, and the remaining (15%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed on a routine check-up. Males (65%) were mostly affected than females (35%). Mandible (75%) was the most frequent site of occurrence. Most lesions were diagnosed histologically as OKC on incisional biopsy. All patients were followed for six months, an increment of 11.11±1.68mm bone height was seen, and none reported recurrence.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The steady growth of bone without any cases of recurrence was reported. Hence, clinicians can consider enucleation along with adjuvant therapy using Carnoy's solution followed by marsupialization as the treatment of choice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126498123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230508115858
M. Jhancy, Ghofran Osman, Areen Yousef, Dana Sarmini, Subhranshu Sekhar Kar
Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder in children and adolescents due to insulin deficiency. The disease is more common below 19 years of age with two peaks of incidence, one at 4-6 years and the other peak at early puberty (10-14 years). There is a gradual increase in the incidence of type 1 DM and a rise in incidence at 10,200 cases per year in the Middle East. Chronic type-1 diabetic patients develop microvascular and macrovascular complications. The present retrospective cross-sectional study aims to describe the experience on the clinical profile, morbidity profile, and comorbidities of Type1 DM in children below 15 years of age admitted to the SAQR and Fujairah hospitals in the Northern part of United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019. The study material was the digital medical records of children below 15 years who got admitted to emergency and pediatric wards with type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in SAQR and Fujairah hospitals. Total admissions during the study period were 98. At the time of diagnosis, 12.2% of children were below five years of age, whereas 87.75% were more than five years. All 98 children were UAE nationals, of which 52% were males and 48% were females. 50% of our study population has a strong family history of either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, of which 12.2% of siblings of the study population had T1DM. The first symptoms in 58% and 57% of children were polyuria and polydipsia. Among 90 % of children under follow-up for three years, one child developed microalbuminuria, three developed systolic hypertension, and 8% were lost to follow-up. The present study highlights the need for future prospective studies in the UAE to know the actual burden of the disease with an emphasis on early screening.
{"title":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus clinical profile and follow-up - North Emirate hospitals’ experience","authors":"M. Jhancy, Ghofran Osman, Areen Yousef, Dana Sarmini, Subhranshu Sekhar Kar","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230508115858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230508115858","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder in children and adolescents due to insulin deficiency. The disease is more common below 19 years of age with two peaks of incidence, one at 4-6 years and the other peak at early puberty (10-14 years). There is a gradual increase in the incidence of type 1 DM and a rise in incidence at 10,200 cases per year in the Middle East. Chronic type-1 diabetic patients develop microvascular and macrovascular complications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present retrospective cross-sectional study aims to describe the experience on the clinical profile, morbidity profile, and comorbidities of Type1 DM in children below 15 years of age admitted to the SAQR and Fujairah hospitals in the Northern part of United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019. The study material was the digital medical records of children below 15 years who got admitted to emergency and pediatric wards with type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in SAQR and Fujairah hospitals.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Total admissions during the study period were 98. At the time of diagnosis, 12.2% of children were below five years of age, whereas 87.75% were more than five years. All 98 children were UAE nationals, of which 52% were males and 48% were females. 50% of our study population has a strong family history of either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, of which 12.2% of siblings of the study population had T1DM. The first symptoms in 58% and 57% of children were polyuria and polydipsia. Among 90 % of children under follow-up for three years, one child developed microalbuminuria, three developed systolic hypertension, and 8% were lost to follow-up.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study highlights the need for future prospective studies in the UAE to know the actual burden of the disease with an emphasis on early screening.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124015361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230508115135
M. Boğan, B. Can, S. Zengin, Şevki Hakan Eren, M. Sabak, Bedia Gülen, H. Ulusal, Mehmet Mustafa Sunar, Muhammet Esat Karaduman, S. Taysı
S100B, NSE, MMP-9, and Tau protein levels increase in cases causing hypoxic cell damage. The diagnosis of the severity of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in the early period of these parameters was studied. COHb level measurement was made using a signal capture CO-pulse oximeter (Masimo's SET Rainbow, Masimo's Co, USA) at the first admission of the patients. Then, COHb levels were confirmed by arterial blood gas(ABG) analysis. The patients were divided into two groups as mild and moderate-severe, according to their Glasgow coma scores (GCS) [Mild (14–15); Moderate (9–13) or Severe (3–8)]. The control group was composed of 16 healthy and non-smoking volunteers. The serum S100B protein and MMP-9 values at 0 hr of admission in the hospital and 3hr of treatment were not significantly different in the patient group as compared to the control group. Tau protein levels were significantly higher in the patient group at 0 and 3 hours (p> 0.05) as compared to healthy person. There was no relationship between CO poisoning and MMP-9 and S100B protein levels. NSE and Tau protein were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group. Tau protein may be more useful marker as compared to neuron-specific enolase.
S100B、NSE、MMP-9和Tau蛋白水平在引起缺氧细胞损伤的病例中升高。研究了这些参数对一氧化碳中毒早期严重程度的诊断。在患者首次入院时，使用信号捕获Co -脉搏血氧仪(Masimo’s SET Rainbow, Masimo’s Co, USA)测量COHb水平。然后，通过动脉血气(ABG)分析确认COHb水平。根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)将患者分为轻度和中重度两组[轻度(14-15);中度(9-13)或重度(3-8)]。对照组由16名健康且不吸烟的志愿者组成。患者组在入院0小时和治疗3小时的血清S100B蛋白和MMP-9值与对照组相比无显著差异。患者组Tau蛋白水平在0、3小时明显高于健康人(p> 0.05)。CO中毒与MMP-9和S100B蛋白水平无相关性。患者组NSE和Tau蛋白明显高于对照组。与神经元特异性烯醇化酶相比，Tau蛋白可能是更有用的标志物。
{"title":"Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Neuron-Specific Enolase, S100 B and Tau Protein Levels in the Patients with Carbon monoxide Poisoning","authors":"M. Boğan, B. Can, S. Zengin, Şevki Hakan Eren, M. Sabak, Bedia Gülen, H. Ulusal, Mehmet Mustafa Sunar, Muhammet Esat Karaduman, S. Taysı","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230508115135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230508115135","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000S100B, NSE, MMP-9, and Tau protein levels increase in cases causing hypoxic cell damage. The diagnosis of the severity of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in the early period of these parameters was studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000COHb level measurement was made using a signal capture CO-pulse oximeter (Masimo's SET Rainbow, Masimo's Co, USA) at the first admission of the patients. Then, COHb levels were confirmed by arterial blood gas(ABG) analysis. The patients were divided into two groups as mild and moderate-severe, according to their Glasgow coma scores (GCS) [Mild (14–15); Moderate (9–13) or Severe (3–8)]. The control group was composed of 16 healthy and non-smoking volunteers.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The serum S100B protein and MMP-9 values at 0 hr of admission in the hospital and 3hr of treatment were not significantly different in the patient group as compared to the control group. Tau protein levels were significantly higher in the patient group at 0 and 3 hours (p> 0.05) as compared to healthy person.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There was no relationship between CO poisoning and MMP-9 and S100B protein levels. NSE and Tau protein were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group. Tau protein may be more useful marker as compared to neuron-specific enolase.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117335042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230508112229
Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
Caveolins are universal multifunctional physiologically active microparticles that collaborate in the caveolae formation to maintain the metabolic homeostatic balance of the cells. In fact, remarkable advances in the molecular biopathology of caveolae have been made in recent years by exploring the role of caveolae in norm and physiopathology. The current literature data on the caveolae behavior in norm and pathology were revised. Caveolae are expressed in various cell types, highly concentrated in endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and epithelial cells. Physiologically, caveolae contribute to maintaining a signaling balance between the various homeostatic processes, including pro-growth and pro-survival, such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, glycogen synthase kinase-3β, p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase, PKA, SFK, PKC, Akt through regulation of tyrosine kinases, G protein-coupled receptor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and MAPK pathways, and their signaling dysfunction is directly attributed to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, regeneration inhibition, neurodegenerative diseases, infection, osteoporosis, diabetes, and tumour induction and progression. Regulation of the ratio and penetrance of caveolae activity/expression is a clinically significant potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the current therapies and eliminate the etiopathogenetic pathway of rising homeostatic disorders.
{"title":"Caveolae’s Behavior in Norm and Pathology","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230508112229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230508112229","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Caveolins are universal multifunctional physiologically active microparticles that collaborate in the caveolae formation to maintain the metabolic homeostatic balance of the cells. In fact, remarkable advances in the molecular biopathology of caveolae have been made in recent years by exploring the role of caveolae in norm and physiopathology.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current literature data on the caveolae behavior in norm and pathology were revised.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Caveolae are expressed in various cell types, highly concentrated in endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and epithelial cells. Physiologically, caveolae contribute to maintaining a signaling balance between the various homeostatic processes, including pro-growth and pro-survival, such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, glycogen synthase kinase-3β, p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase, PKA, SFK, PKC, Akt through regulation of tyrosine kinases, G protein-coupled receptor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and MAPK pathways, and their signaling dysfunction is directly attributed to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, regeneration inhibition, neurodegenerative diseases, infection, osteoporosis, diabetes, and tumour induction and progression.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Regulation of the ratio and penetrance of caveolae activity/expression is a clinically significant potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the current therapies and eliminate the etiopathogenetic pathway of rising homeostatic disorders.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132018300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230428120808
Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
Recently, the scientific community has realized that COVID-19 effects are not limited to the acute period of infection but continue beyond that to cause more prolonged pathological changes. Post-COVID syndrome is a novel concept that describes the sequelae/persistent pathophysiological changes of post-COVID-19 infection. The current hypothesis suggests the involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery aneurism, acute renal injury, central nervous system degenerative diseases, vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, and pulmonary dyspnea, as well as fibrotic lung damage. Therefore, COVID-19 has been identified as a poly-syndromic and poly-systemic inflammatory disease. Post-COVID extrapulmonary complications have been observed in approximately 85% of hospitalized COVID-19 survivors and 35% of COVID-19 outpatients. Furthermore, 25% of hospitalised COVID-19 survivors developed myocardiopathy.
{"title":"Pathophysiology of Cardiac Cell Injury in Post-Covid-19 Syndrome","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230428120808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230428120808","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Recently, the scientific community has realized that COVID-19 effects are not limited to the acute period of infection but continue beyond that to cause more prolonged pathological changes. Post-COVID syndrome is a novel concept that describes the sequelae/persistent pathophysiological changes of post-COVID-19 infection. The current hypothesis suggests the involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery aneurism, acute renal injury, central nervous system degenerative diseases, vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, and pulmonary dyspnea, as well as fibrotic lung damage. Therefore, COVID-19 has been identified as a poly-syndromic and poly-systemic inflammatory disease. Post-COVID extrapulmonary complications have been observed in approximately 85% of hospitalized COVID-19 survivors and 35% of COVID-19 outpatients. Furthermore, 25% of hospitalised COVID-19 survivors developed myocardiopathy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132220673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230426122302
Mohd Zulkimi Roslly, Shameem Sulaiman, Anis Suhana Hashim
Priapism is one of the urological emergencies requiring prompt medical or surgical intervention. The clinical diagnosis is made with adjunct cavernosal blood gas analysis and colour doppler ultrasound to determine the underlying aetiology; ischaemic or non-ischaemic, and the majority are veno-occlusive in origin (ischaemic). The occurrence of warfarin-induced priapism complicated with penile necrosis is a rare occurrence, and many cases are related to protein C deficiency. We report a case of warfarin therapy initiation following a thromboembolic event as a sequela of Covid-19 infection, subsequently developed veno-occlusive priapism complicated with penile gangrene despite being in an overwarfarinized state. The penis was non-salvageable following the gangrenous event, even with prior cavernosal blood aspiration. Thrombophilia panel screening, which includes Protein C activity, was done, where the protein C activity was low, measuring 23%. Unfortunately, he succumbed to death due to severe cardiorespiratory complications before this blood result was ready. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of priapism is needed to prevent loss of penile function. Priapism as a sequela of anticoagulant therapy should be suspected in a patient with recent anticoagulant initiation. Thus, immediate treatment can be administered to correct the underlying coagulation disorder. The development of veno-occlusive priapism and penile gangrene in a patient on warfarin therapy raises a concern about protein C deficiency.
{"title":"Veno-occlusive Priapism: An Undesirable Outcome of Warfarin Therapy: A Case Report","authors":"Mohd Zulkimi Roslly, Shameem Sulaiman, Anis Suhana Hashim","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230426122302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230426122302","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Priapism is one of the urological emergencies requiring prompt medical or surgical intervention. The clinical diagnosis is made with adjunct cavernosal blood gas analysis and colour doppler ultrasound to determine the underlying aetiology; ischaemic or non-ischaemic, and the majority are veno-occlusive in origin (ischaemic). The occurrence of warfarin-induced priapism complicated with penile necrosis is a rare occurrence, and many cases are related to protein C deficiency.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We report a case of warfarin therapy initiation following a thromboembolic event as a sequela of Covid-19 infection, subsequently developed veno-occlusive priapism complicated with penile gangrene despite being in an overwarfarinized state. The penis was non-salvageable following the gangrenous event, even with prior cavernosal blood aspiration. Thrombophilia panel screening, which includes Protein C activity, was done, where the protein C activity was low, measuring 23%. Unfortunately, he succumbed to death due to severe cardiorespiratory complications before this blood result was ready.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Prompt diagnosis and treatment of priapism is needed to prevent loss of penile function. Priapism as a sequela of anticoagulant therapy should be suspected in a patient with recent anticoagulant initiation. Thus, immediate treatment can be administered to correct the underlying coagulation disorder.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The development of veno-occlusive priapism and penile gangrene in a patient on warfarin therapy raises a concern about protein C deficiency.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"32 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114098671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230417083058
Shakti Rath, S. Lenka, S. Kumar Swain, Debasmita Dubey
Head and neck infection (HNI) is more complicated, as most of the sites of infection in the head and neck regions are very complex. Bacterial head and neck infections can usually originate through the upper airway, sinusitis, and dental or oral cavity and then extend deeper into other head and neck compartment sites. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria induce bacterial head and neck infections. This narrative review discusses the bacterial association, sites of infection, host-pathogen interaction, and secondary complications of head and neck bacterial infection. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Peptostreptococcus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter freundii, Streptococcus gordonii Enterobacter, Gemella haemolysans, Haemophilus influenzae, and Enterococcus, Fusobacterium are commonly responsible bacteria behind the bacterial head and neck infection (BHNI). Immunosuppression, alcohol consumption, and smoking risk factors are associated with it. The immune cell maintains a defense mechanism in host-pathogen interaction. Antibiotic-resistant genes in mucoid biofilm raise multidrug resistance activity against pathogenic bacteria. Inflammatory condition of the complete head and neck region can be demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) scan. The secondary complication may lead to induce cancer. Microbial invasions can be bacterial, fungal, or viral.
{"title":"Bacterial Infection in Head and Neck Space Regions: A Narrative Review","authors":"Shakti Rath, S. Lenka, S. Kumar Swain, Debasmita Dubey","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230417083058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230417083058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Head and neck infection (HNI) is more complicated, as most of the sites of infection in the head and neck regions are very complex. Bacterial head and neck infections can usually originate through the upper airway, sinusitis, and dental or oral cavity and then extend deeper into other head and neck compartment sites. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria induce bacterial head and neck infections. This narrative review discusses the bacterial association, sites of infection, host-pathogen interaction, and secondary complications of head and neck bacterial infection. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Peptostreptococcus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter freundii, Streptococcus gordonii Enterobacter, Gemella haemolysans, Haemophilus influenzae, and Enterococcus, Fusobacterium are commonly responsible bacteria behind the bacterial head and neck infection (BHNI). Immunosuppression, alcohol consumption, and smoking risk factors are associated with it. The immune cell maintains a defense mechanism in host-pathogen interaction. Antibiotic-resistant genes in mucoid biofilm raise multidrug resistance activity against pathogenic bacteria. Inflammatory condition of the complete head and neck region can be demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) scan. The secondary complication may lead to induce cancer. Microbial invasions can be bacterial, fungal, or viral.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123342403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：