Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230714110831
Faraz Khan, Mona Tareen, Julieta O Zuluaga, M. El khoury, Sameh Salem
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a known complication of malignancy. Drug-induced DIC is also reported. Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved as an oral targeted therapy in the treatment of different cancers. Here we present a case study of disseminated intravascular coagulation following the administration of Sunitinib after COVID-19 infection in a patient diagnosed with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor of the lung. A 35-year-old male patient with a known metastatic lung neuroendocrine tumor (NET) who was treated with Sunitinib for many years with partial response and tolerating the treatment well-developed recurrent DIC on Sunitinib after COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 infection is reported to be associated with endothelial injury and inflammation. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors have a role in the protection and modulation of endothelium. Sunitinib is a multikinase inhibitor with anti- VEGF effect. It is possible that endothelial injury after COVID-19 may have triggered recurrent DIC in this patient who had previously tolerated the same drug without problems. DIC may be underreported especially with antineoplastics having anti-VEGF effects. Potential risk, interaction, and association with COVID-19 infection in the Era of the pandemic are unclear but warrants further research, and drug-induced DIC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of such cases.
{"title":"Sunitinib Induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation after COVID-19 Infection in a Patient with Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Case Report","authors":"Faraz Khan, Mona Tareen, Julieta O Zuluaga, M. El khoury, Sameh Salem","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230714110831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230714110831","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a known complication of malignancy. Drug-induced DIC is also reported. Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved as an oral targeted therapy in the treatment of different cancers. Here we present a case study of disseminated intravascular coagulation following the administration of Sunitinib after COVID-19 infection in a patient diagnosed with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor of the lung.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A 35-year-old male patient with a known metastatic lung neuroendocrine tumor (NET) who was treated with Sunitinib for many years with partial response and tolerating the treatment well-developed recurrent DIC on Sunitinib after COVID-19 infection.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000COVID-19 infection is reported to be associated with endothelial injury and inflammation. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors have a role in the protection and modulation of endothelium. Sunitinib is a multikinase inhibitor with anti- VEGF effect. It is possible that endothelial injury after COVID-19 may have triggered recurrent DIC in this patient who had previously tolerated the same drug without problems.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000DIC may be underreported especially with antineoplastics having anti-VEGF effects. Potential risk, interaction, and association with COVID-19 infection in the Era of the pandemic are unclear but warrants further research, and drug-induced DIC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of such cases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127832460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230713093742
Sami El Khatib, M. Krayem, Sanaa Khaled, Mohamed Salla, Abeer Ayoub
The current treatments for bladder cancer are unable to substantially avoid the disease's growth and recurrence, which is a serious public health problem. Researchers have explored a variety of approaches in an effort to effectively replicate the pathophysiology of human tumors using experimental tumor models. The investigation of the available models is a necessary tool in order to choose the most appropriate scheme which serves the translation of potential treatments from a primary experimental bench to the clinical settings. The most suitable murine models of bladder cancer should have excellent reproductivity, intravesical predictability, and accessibility in order to facilitate the mechanistic, chemo-preventive, and therapeutic research that can be expanded into clinical trials. This article provides a complete evaluation of both in vitro and in vivo bladder cancer models, comparing their advantages and limitations in urological research.
{"title":"Experimental Animal Models for Preclinical Investigation of the Bladder Cancer","authors":"Sami El Khatib, M. Krayem, Sanaa Khaled, Mohamed Salla, Abeer Ayoub","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230713093742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230713093742","url":null,"abstract":"The current treatments for bladder cancer are unable to substantially avoid the disease's growth and recurrence, which is a serious public health problem. Researchers have explored a variety of approaches in an effort to effectively replicate the pathophysiology of human tumors using experimental tumor models. The investigation of the available models is a necessary tool in order to choose the most appropriate scheme which serves the translation of potential treatments from a primary experimental bench to the clinical settings. The most suitable murine models of bladder cancer should have excellent reproductivity, intravesical predictability, and accessibility in order to facilitate the mechanistic, chemo-preventive, and therapeutic research that can be expanded into clinical trials. This article provides a complete evaluation of both in vitro and in vivo bladder cancer models, comparing their advantages and limitations in urological research.","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128798828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230711090716
E. Salmo, Teresa Rovira
Nephrogenic adenoma is an uncommon, benign, tumour-like lesion within the urothelial mucosa of the urinary tract caused by reimplantation and proliferation of the renal tubular cells that have been shed by chronic irritation of the mucosa of the urinary tract. We report a case of the rare fibromyxoid variant of nephrogenic adenoma in the prostate urethra. To the best of our knowledge, only a few cases have been described in the literature. This tumour can have variable morphological patterns with occasional worrisome features that can mimic carcinoma of the lower urinary tract.
{"title":"A Case Report of Fibromyxoid Variant of Nephrogenic Adenoma of Prostatic Urethra: Morphology Mimicking Carcinoma","authors":"E. Salmo, Teresa Rovira","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230711090716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230711090716","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nephrogenic adenoma is an uncommon, benign, tumour-like lesion within the urothelial mucosa of the urinary tract caused by reimplantation and proliferation of the renal tubular cells that have been shed by chronic irritation of the mucosa of the urinary tract.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We report a case of the rare fibromyxoid variant of nephrogenic adenoma in the prostate urethra. To the best of our knowledge, only a few cases have been described in the literature.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This tumour can have variable morphological patterns with occasional worrisome features that can mimic carcinoma of the lower urinary tract.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130060983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230711090639
Z. Tolou_Ghamari
More than 1,75000 childhood cancer have been reported per year worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the recorded cancer frequency in children and adolescents in Isfahan Province, Iran. As one of the main reasons for death among children and adolescents is reported as cancer with different prevalence worldwide, therefore, reporting the occurrence of cancers in this population is crucial. Information from the years between 2013 to 2015 related to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; (SEER) was collected from the Isfahan Cancer Registry. The cancer sites studied were defined according to the International Classification of Diseases and recorded by related topography codes. Among all 30,465 registered cancers, there were 582 cases (2%) of cancer, including 57% of children and 43% of adolescents. The mean ± SD age of patients was 11.5 ± 5.9 years (Min; 1, Max 19). The top four ranked cancers were (n=264; 45%) comprised of; 1) hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial system (n= 122), 2) secondary and unspecified malignant neoplasm of lymph nodes (n=56), 3) malignant neoplasm of the brain (n=43) 4), thyroid gland (n=43). Death-reported data was associated with 32% of the total population studied. The neoplasm was reported in 174 cases, which was associated with 95% death. This frequency source of childhood cancers could be used for health strategy. The observed variations in the frequency of different cancers require continuous monitoring and investigation. Therefore, plan of health-system should focus based on greater efforts toward advanced evidence-based drug therapy in Iran.
全世界每年报告的儿童癌症病例超过175000例。本研究旨在调查伊朗伊斯法罕省儿童和青少年中记录的癌症发病率。由于报告的儿童和青少年死亡的主要原因之一是世界范围内患病率不同的癌症，因此报告这一人群中癌症的发生情况至关重要。2013 - 2015年与监测、流行病学和最终结果相关的信息;(SEER)数据来自伊斯法罕癌症登记处。研究的癌症部位根据国际疾病分类进行定义，并通过相关的地形代码进行记录。在所有30,465例登记的癌症中，有582例(2%)癌症病例，包括57%的儿童和43%的青少年。患者平均±SD年龄为11.5±5.9岁(Min;1, Max 19)。排名前四位的癌症是(n=264;45%)由;1)造血和网状内皮系统(n= 122)， 2)继发性和未明确的淋巴结恶性肿瘤(n=56)， 3)脑恶性肿瘤(n=43)，甲状腺(n=43)。报告的死亡数据与所研究的总人口的32%有关。174例报告有肿瘤，死亡率95%。儿童癌症的这种常见来源可用于卫生战略。观察到的不同癌症发生频率的变化需要持续监测和调查。因此，卫生系统计划的重点应放在伊朗对先进循证药物治疗作出更大努力的基础上。
{"title":"Frequency of Cancer Associated with Children and Adolescents","authors":"Z. Tolou_Ghamari","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230711090639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230711090639","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000More than 1,75000 childhood cancer have been reported per year worldwide. \u0000This study aimed to investigate the recorded cancer frequency in children and adolescents in Isfahan Province, Iran. \u0000As one of the main reasons for death among children and adolescents is reported as cancer with different prevalence worldwide, therefore, reporting the occurrence of cancers in this population is crucial.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Information from the years between 2013 to 2015 related to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; (SEER) was collected from the Isfahan Cancer Registry. The cancer sites studied were defined according to the International Classification of Diseases and recorded by related topography codes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Among all 30,465 registered cancers, there were 582 cases (2%) of cancer, including 57% of children and 43% of adolescents. The mean ± SD age of patients was 11.5 ± 5.9 years (Min; 1, Max 19). The top four ranked cancers were (n=264; 45%) comprised of; 1) hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial system (n= 122), 2) secondary and unspecified malignant neoplasm of lymph nodes (n=56), 3) malignant neoplasm of the brain (n=43) 4), thyroid gland (n=43). Death-reported data was associated with 32% of the total population studied. The neoplasm was reported in 174 cases, which was associated with 95% death.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This frequency source of childhood cancers could be used for health strategy. The observed variations in the frequency of different cancers require continuous monitoring and investigation. Therefore, plan of health-system should focus based on greater efforts toward advanced evidence-based drug therapy in Iran.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122149863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230711090706
Taro Kuroda, I. Hayashi, I. Kashima, E. Yoshikawa, N. Iijima
The risk of the post-operative severe atrioventricular block is high when infective endocarditis spreads to the conduction system. However, a clear surgical method to prevent post-operative severe atrioventricular block in infective endocarditis patients has not been developed. A 39-year-old man with a persistent fever was referred to our hospital. Echocardiography showed mitral valve infective endocarditis with severe aortic regurgitation due to a congenital bicuspid aortic valve. Before the surgery, a paroxysmal atrioventricular block appeared. Intraoperative inspection revealed an aortic-root abscess with ulcerated lesions below the commissure of the noncoronary-right coronary cusps and perforation of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. Considering the risk of atrioventricular block, the ulcerated lesions were only cleared with saline solution. After replacing the mitral valve with a mechanical mitral valve, the interventricular fibrous body and aortic annulus were reconstructed with a bovine pericardial patch. The mechanical aortic valve was sutured to the reconstructed aortic annulus. Two years after the surgery, severe atrioventricular block did not occur. Our method may be effective when the risk of post-operative severe atrioventricular block is high and the patient’s prognosis worsens.
{"title":"Prevention of postoperative atrioventricular block in a case of progressive infective endocarditis with reconstruction of the interventricular fibrous body: A case report","authors":"Taro Kuroda, I. Hayashi, I. Kashima, E. Yoshikawa, N. Iijima","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230711090706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230711090706","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The risk of the post-operative severe atrioventricular block is high when infective endocarditis spreads to the conduction system. However, a clear surgical method to prevent post-operative severe atrioventricular block in infective endocarditis patients has not been developed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A 39-year-old man with a persistent fever was referred to our hospital. Echocardiography showed mitral valve infective endocarditis with severe aortic regurgitation due to a congenital bicuspid aortic valve. Before the surgery, a paroxysmal atrioventricular block appeared. Intraoperative inspection revealed an aortic-root abscess with ulcerated lesions below the commissure of the noncoronary-right coronary cusps and perforation of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. Considering the risk of atrioventricular block, the ulcerated lesions were only cleared with saline solution. After replacing the mitral valve with a mechanical mitral valve, the interventricular fibrous body and aortic annulus were reconstructed with a bovine pericardial patch. The mechanical aortic valve was sutured to the reconstructed aortic annulus. Two years after the surgery, severe atrioventricular block did not occur.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our method may be effective when the risk of post-operative severe atrioventricular block is high and the patient’s prognosis worsens.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133726948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230710102624
Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
Local hypothermia has protective effects on injured endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and neurocytes. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanism of local hypothermia is still unknown. The overall effect of local hypothermia involves changes in cellular and extracellular homeostasis. Reduction in cellular metabolism is the hallmark effect of local hypothermia, resulting in a reduction in energy expenditure already impaired by starvation conditions, such as ischemia. However, on a molecular basis, local hypothermia modifies cell physiology according to the type and the vitality of the cells (brain cells are more important than skin cells; therefore, local hypothermia of the brain tissue is more critical than skin tissue, and the overall reaction of the organism is to prevent the brain from dying). This involves activating survival mechanisms, such as autophagy of brain tissue and apoptosis. The activated signaling pathways are not identical in various tissues. However, the whole machinery signaling axes have not yet been elucidated. Local hypothermia promotes the healing of the injury and improves the proliferation of regenerative tissue, but not differentiation. Hypothermia prevents the transdifferentiation of endothelial cells, neurons, and myocardiocytes. Finally, the therapeutic effects of hypothermia involve activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1).
{"title":"Cell Physiological Behavior in the Context of Local Hypothermia","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230710102624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230710102624","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Local hypothermia has protective effects on injured endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and neurocytes. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanism of local hypothermia is still unknown. The overall effect of local hypothermia involves changes in cellular and extracellular homeostasis. Reduction in cellular metabolism is the hallmark effect of local hypothermia, resulting in a reduction in energy expenditure already impaired by starvation conditions, such as ischemia. However, on a molecular basis, local hypothermia modifies cell physiology according to the type and the vitality of the cells (brain cells are more important than skin cells; therefore, local hypothermia of the brain tissue is more critical than skin tissue, and the overall reaction of the organism is to prevent the brain from dying). This involves activating survival mechanisms, such as autophagy of brain tissue and apoptosis. The activated signaling pathways are not identical in various tissues. However, the whole machinery signaling axes have not yet been elucidated. Local hypothermia promotes the healing of the injury and improves the proliferation of regenerative tissue, but not differentiation. Hypothermia prevents the transdifferentiation of endothelial cells, neurons, and myocardiocytes. Finally, the therapeutic effects of hypothermia involve activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1).\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131376600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230703125527
R. Ravi, Vimala Edwin, P. Muthu
Student nurses are the future healthcare providers. Safe nursing practice is crucial as they often are exposed to multiple infections, including bloodborne pathogens, during their clinical practice. To assess the factors that influence adherence to standard precautions among nursing students and to find the association between adherence to standard precautions with their selected demographic variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 undergraduate nursing students recruited by convenient sampling technique from a selected health sciences university. Adherence to standard precautions was assessed using a standardized questionnaire, ‘Factors Influencing Adherence to Standard Precautions Scale-Student Version’ (FIASPS-SV). Using SPSS version 23 the data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Frequency and percentage were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics. Inferential statistics, namely the Chi-Square test, was used to find out the association between FIASPS-SV and their demographic variables. The P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The ‘contextual cues’ was found to be the most influencing factor [Total Mean 21.98(6.148), Range 0-28; Mean Response Range of 3.18(.32), Response Range 1-4] while the factor ‘justification’ Fwas found to be the least influencing factor [Total Mean 7.31(6.1285), Range 0-28; Mean Response Range -1.06 (.23), Response Range 1-4] for the adherence of standard precautions among the study participants. A statistically significant association was found between age and specific factors of ‘Leadership’ & ‘Contextual cues’. Gender was found to be associated with specific factors of ‘Justification’ and ‘Contextual cues.’ The study findings showed that the overall student adherence to standard precautions was good. However, they need to improve in some areas, like wearing gloves when drawing blood or cannulation, following standard precautions when handling needles, and confronting people when they are not adhering to these precautions. The faculty should reinforce and encourage the students to implement standard precaution practices effectively at clinical settings to promote safe practice.
学生护士是未来的医疗保健提供者。安全护理实践至关重要，因为他们在临床实践中经常暴露于多种感染，包括血源性病原体。评估影响护生遵守标准预防措施的因素，并发现遵守标准预防措施与所选人口统计学变量之间的关系。采用方便抽样的方法，对103名本科护理专业学生进行横断面调查。使用标准化问卷“标准预防措施依从性影响因素量表-学生版”(fiasp - sv)对标准预防措施的依从性进行评估。采用SPSS version 23对数据进行描述性统计和推断性统计分析。频率和百分比用来描述社会人口特征。采用推理统计方法，即卡方检验，找出fiasp - sv与其人口学变量之间的相关性。P值< 0.05为差异有统计学意义。“情境线索”是最重要的影响因素[总平均值21.98(6.148)，范围0-28;平均反应范围为3.18(0.32)，反应范围为1-4)，而“证明”因子f是影响最小的因素[总平均7.31(6.1285)，范围0-28;研究参与者遵守标准预防措施的平均反应范围为-1.06(0.23)，反应范围为1-4]。年龄与“领导力”和“情境线索”的具体因素之间存在显著的关联。研究发现，性别与“正当性”和“语境线索”等特定因素有关。“研究结果显示，学生对标准预防措施的总体依从性是好的。”然而，在某些方面需要改进，例如在抽血或插管时戴手套，在处理针头时遵循标准预防措施，以及在人们不遵守这些预防措施时与之对抗。教师应加强并鼓励学生在临床环境中有效地实施标准预防措施，以促进安全实践。
{"title":"Factors Influencing Adherence to Standard Precautions among Nursing Students: A Self-report Study, UAE","authors":"R. Ravi, Vimala Edwin, P. Muthu","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230703125527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230703125527","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Student nurses are the future healthcare providers. Safe nursing practice is crucial as they often are exposed to multiple infections, including bloodborne pathogens, during their clinical practice.\u0000To assess the factors that influence adherence to standard precautions among nursing students and to find the association between adherence to standard precautions with their selected demographic variables.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 undergraduate nursing students recruited by convenient sampling technique from a selected health sciences university. Adherence to standard precautions was assessed using a standardized questionnaire, ‘Factors Influencing Adherence to Standard Precautions Scale-Student Version’ (FIASPS-SV). Using SPSS version 23 the data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Frequency and percentage were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics. Inferential statistics, namely the Chi-Square test, was used to find out the association between FIASPS-SV and their demographic variables. The P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The ‘contextual cues’ was found to be the most influencing factor [Total Mean 21.98(6.148), Range 0-28; Mean Response Range of 3.18(.32), Response Range 1-4] while the factor ‘justification’ Fwas found to be the least influencing factor [Total Mean 7.31(6.1285), Range 0-28; Mean Response Range -1.06 (.23), Response Range 1-4] for the adherence of standard precautions among the study participants. A statistically significant association was found between age and specific factors of ‘Leadership’ & ‘Contextual cues’. Gender was found to be associated with specific factors of ‘Justification’ and ‘Contextual cues.’\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study findings showed that the overall student adherence to standard precautions was good. However, they need to improve in some areas, like wearing gloves when drawing blood or cannulation, following standard precautions when handling needles, and confronting people when they are not adhering to these precautions. The faculty should reinforce and encourage the students to implement standard precaution practices effectively at clinical settings to promote safe practice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125921414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phagophobia is characterized by conditioned excessive fear of swallowing or choking that is usually triggered by an incident. It usually leads to avoidance of certain types of food or, in severe forms, a complete refusal to eat solid food and/or liquids. The condition is commonly associated with physical and psychological symptoms impacting the health condition of the individual due to deprivation of essential nutrients. A 12-year-old boy developed acute onset fear of swallowing (Phagophobia) following a dream he had of someone choking. This was exacerbated by watching an online video of a person choking. This has led to an avoidance of solid food and dependence on soft food and liquids. Fear of swallowing along with food avoidance has led to malnutrition, weight loss, and several physical complaints for which the patient was admitted under pediatric care. A course of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) resulted in limited response and was augmented with fluoxetine. Full remission was achieved within six weeks. A systematic review of all peer-reviewed English literature was performed for articles related to the pharmacological treatment of pediatric phagophobia (0-18 years) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 17 case reports were identified describing 17 children with phagophobia (females = 70 %). The mean age was 9.3 and the average was between 2 and 15 years who were diagnosed with choking phobia/ phagophobia or different but equivalent diagnoses like Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder or Post Traumatic Feeding Disorder. Different classes of medications were used in variable doses for different durations which were associated with significant improvement in eating patterns and reduction in fear and anxiety associated with eating. Phagophobia is a serious and potentially life-threatening illness that can cause physical complications and functional impairment in the psychosocial aspect. Pharmacological treatment can be a beneficial and safe option either alone or in combination with therapeutic interventions for children presenting with phagophobia.
{"title":"Pediatric Phagophobia: A systematic review and a case report of pharmacological interventions","authors":"Haidar AlAbdullah, Abdulmohsin Almulhim, Ammar Albanna","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230622100605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230622100605","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Phagophobia is characterized by conditioned excessive fear of swallowing or choking that is usually triggered by an incident. It usually leads to avoidance of certain types of food or, in severe forms, a complete refusal to eat solid food and/or liquids. The condition is commonly associated with physical and psychological symptoms impacting the health condition of the individual due to deprivation of essential nutrients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A 12-year-old boy developed acute onset fear of swallowing (Phagophobia) following a dream he had of someone choking. This was exacerbated by watching an online video of a person choking. This has led to an avoidance of solid food and dependence on soft food and liquids. Fear of swallowing along with food avoidance has led to malnutrition, weight loss, and several physical complaints for which the patient was admitted under pediatric care. A course of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) resulted in limited response and was augmented with fluoxetine. Full remission was achieved within six weeks.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A systematic review of all peer-reviewed English literature was performed for articles related to the pharmacological treatment of pediatric phagophobia (0-18 years) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 17 case reports were identified describing 17 children with phagophobia (females = 70 %). The mean age was 9.3 and the average was between 2 and 15 years who were diagnosed with choking phobia/ phagophobia or different but equivalent diagnoses like Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder or Post Traumatic Feeding Disorder. Different classes of medications were used in variable doses for different durations which were associated with significant improvement in eating patterns and reduction in fear and anxiety associated with eating.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Phagophobia is a serious and potentially life-threatening illness that can cause physical complications and functional impairment in the psychosocial aspect. Pharmacological treatment can be a beneficial and safe option either alone or in combination with therapeutic interventions for children presenting with phagophobia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"461 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133971095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatotoxicity of amiodarone has long been described and consists mostly of mild and delayed onset elevation in liver function tests. Fulminant hepatitis, however, is much rarer and attributed to the parenteral administration of the drug. The mechanism of injury is yet to be understood, though multiple theories have been proposed. This case report aims at highlighting the importance of monitoring patients receiving intravenous amiodarone therapy to detect severe acute liver injury and showcase the appropriate management thereafter. Our patient is a 79-year-old male who presented with epigastric pain that was crampy, intermittent, and aggravated upon exertion. His heart rate was 93 beats/min and cardiac auscultation revealed an irregular heart rhythm. His electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation. He was given intravenous amiodarone with a total dose of 950 mg and developed acute liver failure with extremely elevated liver function tests 48 hours after initiating the drug. After discontinuation, liver function tests returned to baseline within 10 days and the patient was discharged home. Physicians should be aware of the potentially life-threatening complications, including severe acute liver injury, by closely monitoring liver function tests following the administration of the drug and immediately discontinuing therapy if toxicity was detected.
{"title":"Intravenous amiodarone-induced acute liver failure: a case report and literature review","authors":"Nour Ibrahim, Yara Bteich, Jad Hosri, Nagi Nauphal","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230616115448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230616115448","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Hepatotoxicity of amiodarone has long been described and consists mostly of mild and delayed onset elevation in liver function tests. Fulminant hepatitis, however, is much rarer and attributed to the parenteral administration of the drug. The mechanism of injury is yet to be understood, though multiple theories have been proposed. This case report aims at highlighting the importance of monitoring patients receiving intravenous amiodarone therapy to detect severe acute liver injury and showcase the appropriate management thereafter.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our patient is a 79-year-old male who presented with epigastric pain that was crampy, intermittent, and aggravated upon exertion. His heart rate was 93 beats/min and cardiac auscultation revealed an irregular heart rhythm. His electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation. He was given intravenous amiodarone with a total dose of 950 mg and developed acute liver failure with extremely elevated liver function tests 48 hours after initiating the drug. After discontinuation, liver function tests returned to baseline within 10 days and the patient was discharged home.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Physicians should be aware of the potentially life-threatening complications, including severe acute liver injury, by closely monitoring liver function tests following the administration of the drug and immediately discontinuing therapy if toxicity was detected.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133714599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.2174/0250688204666230606124325
Zia Danesh Jummani, Ajit Dhake, K. Sarhane, Suvarna Dhake, Mahmood Shaik, Mohammed Shaidul Islam, Hakimuddin Jiwa Khan, Rahat Nasim
Trichobezoar is a condition characterized by the accumulation of undigested hair and or other foreign bodies in the stomach. The reported occurrence is uncommon in the Middle East and usually affects female adolescents and young children. Rapunzel syndrome, which almost exclusively affects young women, is a rare form of trichobezoar in the stomach that spreads to the intestine and is associated with psychiatric disorders such as trichotillomania and trichophagia This report describes a rare case of giant trichobezoar complicated with acute pancreatitis in a young patient which was ultimately treated with the removal of trichobezoar by surgical gastrotomy. Trichobezoar is an underdiagnosed and rare disease that should be addressed in adolescents with trichotillomania and trichophagia with delicate clinical symptoms, especially in females. Endoscopy can help with a definitive diagnosis and surgery remains the gold standard for the treatment of this condition.
{"title":"Rapunzel Syndrome and Atypical Pancreatitis Acute Abdomen: A case report","authors":"Zia Danesh Jummani, Ajit Dhake, K. Sarhane, Suvarna Dhake, Mahmood Shaik, Mohammed Shaidul Islam, Hakimuddin Jiwa Khan, Rahat Nasim","doi":"10.2174/0250688204666230606124325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0250688204666230606124325","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Trichobezoar is a condition characterized by the accumulation of undigested hair and or other foreign bodies in the stomach. The reported occurrence is uncommon in the Middle East and usually affects female adolescents and young children. Rapunzel syndrome, which almost exclusively affects young women, is a rare form of trichobezoar in the stomach that spreads to the intestine and is associated with psychiatric disorders such as trichotillomania and trichophagia\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This report describes a rare case of giant trichobezoar complicated with acute pancreatitis in a young patient which was ultimately treated with the removal of trichobezoar by surgical gastrotomy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Trichobezoar is an underdiagnosed and rare disease that should be addressed in adolescents with trichotillomania and trichophagia with delicate clinical symptoms, especially in females. Endoscopy can help with a definitive diagnosis and surgery remains the gold standard for the treatment of this condition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":110816,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114891084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：