Purpose of reveiw: The root cause of many diseases like CVD, cancer, and aging is free radicals which exert their effect by interfering with different metabolic pathways. The sources of free radicals can be exogenous, like UV rays from sunlight, and endogenous due to different metabolic by-products.In our body, there are defense mechanisms present, such as antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant molecules to combat these free radicals, but if there is an overload of these free radicals in our body, the defense system may not be sufficient to neutralize these free radicals. In such situations, we are exposed to a chronic low dose of oxidants creating oxidative stress, which is responsible for eliciting different diseases.
Recent findings: Pubmed and Google Scholar are the search engines used to sort out relevant papers on myricetin and its role in combating many diseases. Myricetin is present in many fruits and vegetables and is a known antioxidant. It can elevate the antioxidant enzyme levels; reduces the lipid peroxidation; and is known to protect against cancer. In the case of myocardial dysfunction, myricetin has been shown to suppress the inflammatory cytokines and reduced the mortality rate. Myricetin has also been found to reduce platelet aggregation and control the viral infections by interfering in the DNA replication pathways.
Summary: In this paper, we have briefly reviewed about the different type and site of free radicals and the role of myricetin in addressing the ROS and different diseases.
{"title":"Myricetin: a Multifunctional Flavonol in Biomedicine.","authors":"Gopikrishna Agraharam, Agnishwar Girigoswami, Koyeli Girigoswami","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00269-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00269-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of reveiw: </strong>The root cause of many diseases like CVD, cancer, and aging is free radicals which exert their effect by interfering with different metabolic pathways. The sources of free radicals can be exogenous, like UV rays from sunlight, and endogenous due to different metabolic by-products.In our body, there are defense mechanisms present, such as antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant molecules to combat these free radicals, but if there is an overload of these free radicals in our body, the defense system may not be sufficient to neutralize these free radicals. In such situations, we are exposed to a chronic low dose of oxidants creating oxidative stress, which is responsible for eliciting different diseases.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Pubmed and Google Scholar are the search engines used to sort out relevant papers on myricetin and its role in combating many diseases. Myricetin is present in many fruits and vegetables and is a known antioxidant. It can elevate the antioxidant enzyme levels; reduces the lipid peroxidation; and is known to protect against cancer. In the case of myocardial dysfunction, myricetin has been shown to suppress the inflammatory cytokines and reduced the mortality rate. Myricetin has also been found to reduce platelet aggregation and control the viral infections by interfering in the DNA replication pathways.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this paper, we have briefly reviewed about the different type and site of free radicals and the role of myricetin in addressing the ROS and different diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"48-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8743163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39687674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose of review: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) continues to be a worldwide health concern since it is the major cause of mortality and hospitalisation worldwide. Increased macrolide resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae and other infections has resulted in a significantly larger illness burden, which has been exacerbated by evolving demography and a higher prevalence of comorbid disorders. Owing to such circumstances, the creation of new antibiotic classes is critical.
Recent findings: Lefamulin, also referred to as BC-3781, is the primary pleuromutilin antibiotic which has been permitted for both intravenous and oral use in humans for the remedy of bacterial infections. It has shown activity against gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant strains as well as atypical organisms which as often implicated in CABP. It has a completely unique mechanism of action that inhibits protein synthesis via way of means of stopping the binding of tRNA for peptide transfer. The C(14) side chain is responsible for its pharmacodynamic and antimicrobial properties, together with supporting in overcoming bacterial ribosomal resistance and mutations improvement amplifying the number of hydrogen bonds to the target site.
Summary: This review aims to highlight the pre-existing treatment options and specific purposes to shed some light upon the development of a new drug lefamulin and its specifications and explore this novel drug's superior efficacy to already existing treatment strategies.
{"title":"Lefamulin: a New Hope in the Field of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.","authors":"Shubham Adhikary, Meher Kaur Duggal, Saraswathy Nagendran, Meena Chintamaneni, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Ginpreet Kaur","doi":"10.1007/s40495-022-00297-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40495-022-00297-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) continues to be a worldwide health concern since it is the major cause of mortality and hospitalisation worldwide. Increased macrolide resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae and other infections has resulted in a significantly larger illness burden, which has been exacerbated by evolving demography and a higher prevalence of comorbid disorders. Owing to such circumstances, the creation of new antibiotic classes is critical.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Lefamulin, also referred to as BC-3781, is the primary pleuromutilin antibiotic which has been permitted for both intravenous and oral use in humans for the remedy of bacterial infections. It has shown activity against gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant strains as well as atypical organisms which as often implicated in CABP. It has a completely unique mechanism of action that inhibits protein synthesis via way of means of stopping the binding of tRNA for peptide transfer. The C(14) side chain is responsible for its pharmacodynamic and antimicrobial properties, together with supporting in overcoming bacterial ribosomal resistance and mutations improvement amplifying the number of hydrogen bonds to the target site.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review aims to highlight the pre-existing treatment options and specific purposes to shed some light upon the development of a new drug lefamulin and its specifications and explore this novel drug's superior efficacy to already existing treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"8 6","pages":"418-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40506572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00266-5
Agnes Nuo Han, B. Han, Tao Zhang, T. Heimbach
{"title":"Hepatic Impairment Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model Development: Current Challenges","authors":"Agnes Nuo Han, B. Han, Tao Zhang, T. Heimbach","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00266-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00266-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"213 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47835527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00267-4
Agnes Nuo Han, B. Han, Tao Zhang, T. Heimbach
{"title":"Author Correction: Hepatic Impairment Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model Development: Current Challenges","authors":"Agnes Nuo Han, B. Han, Tao Zhang, T. Heimbach","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00267-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00267-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"227 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44741364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00265-6
M. Pant, Siddhartha Dan, Sujata Pant, Aditya Raj, S. Upadhyay
{"title":"Progression in Alzheimer’s Disease Correlates With Epigenetics and Cerebral Formaldehyde: From Potential Hereditary Mechanism and Environmental Factors to Therapeutic Measures","authors":"M. Pant, Siddhartha Dan, Sujata Pant, Aditya Raj, S. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00265-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00265-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"187 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40495-021-00265-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48233342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-09DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00263-8
Sunil Kumar, R. Anwer, A. Sehrawat, M. Yadav, N. Sehrawat
{"title":"Assessment of Bacterial Pathogens in Drinking Water: a Serious Safety Concern","authors":"Sunil Kumar, R. Anwer, A. Sehrawat, M. Yadav, N. Sehrawat","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00263-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00263-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"206 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40495-021-00263-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48296585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-06DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00264-7
Sunil Kumar, R. Anwer, M. Yadav, N. Sehrawat, Manoj Singh, Prof Vikas Kumar
{"title":"Molecular Typing and Global Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Sunil Kumar, R. Anwer, M. Yadav, N. Sehrawat, Manoj Singh, Prof Vikas Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00264-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00264-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"179 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40495-021-00264-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47511187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.1007/s40495-021-00260-x
M. Yadav, Naresh Kumar, Anil Kumar, D. Jindal, Mini Dahiya
{"title":"Possible Biomarkers and Contributing Factors of Psychosis: a Review","authors":"M. Yadav, Naresh Kumar, Anil Kumar, D. Jindal, Mini Dahiya","doi":"10.1007/s40495-021-00260-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00260-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11139,"journal":{"name":"Current Pharmacology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"123 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40495-021-00260-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46078902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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