Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

Association between the initiation of strong chū-hai consumption and the incidence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use in Japan: An online survey-based cohort study 在日本，开始大量消费chū-hai与危险和有害酒精使用发生率之间的关系：一项基于在线调查的队列研究

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113075

Takashi Yoshioka , Ryuhei So , Tomohiro Shinozaki , Matthew Rossheim , Shiori Tsutsumi , Satoshi Funada , Ayame Hanada , Tetsuji Minami , Takahiro Tabuchi

Objective

To investigate the association between the initiation of strong chū-hai—an inexpensive Japanese ready-to-drink beverage with high-alcohol-content—consumption and the newly incident hazardous and harmful alcohol use among individuals who consume alcohol.

Methods

This cohort study is based on a three-year longitudinal internet survey conducted in Japan from 2022 to 2024. Respondents who completed all three annual surveys, did not drink strong chū-hai in 2022, and consumed alcohol without presenting hazardous or harmful alcohol use in both 2022 and 2023, were included. The outcome was defined as having newly developed hazardous and harmful alcohol use in 2024, defined as a score of ≥ 8 on the Alcohol Use Identification Test. We fitted a multivariable logistic regression model to examine confounder-adjusted association between initiating strong chū-hai consumption and the incidence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use.

Results

Of 5358 respondents from 33,000 surveyed in 2022, approximately 10 % (n = 533) initiated strong chū-hai consumption in 2023. In 2024, the prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use was higher for those who initiated strong chū-hai consumption (7.7 %) than those who did not (3.1 %). Multivariable analysis revealed that initiating strong chū-hai consumption was associated with higher odds of hazardous and harmful alcohol use the year following (adjusted odds ratio 1.90, 95 % confidence interval 1.19–3.06, p = 0.008).

Conclusions

The initiation of strong chū-hai consumption was associated with the incidence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use. Considering the global increase in sales of ready-to-drink alcoholic beverages, our findings serve as an important caution for policymakers worldwide.

目的探讨高酒精含量的日本廉价烈性chū-hai-an即饮饮料与饮酒人群中新发生的危险和有害酒精使用之间的关系。方法本队列研究基于日本从2022年到2024年为期三年的纵向网络调查。受访者完成了所有三项年度调查，在2022年没有喝烈性酒chū-hai，并且在2022年和2023年都没有出现危险或有害的酒精使用。结果定义为在2024年有新的危险和有害酒精使用，定义为酒精使用识别测试得分≥8。我们拟合了一个多变量logistic回归模型，以检验混杂因素调整后的强烈chū-hai消费与危险和有害酒精使用发生率之间的关联。在2022年接受调查的33,000名受访者中，5358名受访者中，约有10% （n = 533）在2023年开始了强劲的chū-hai消费。2024年，开始大量消费chū-hai的人（7.7%）的危险和有害酒精使用流行率高于未开始大量消费chū-hai的人（3.1%）。多变量分析显示，开始强烈的chū-hai消费与次年危险和有害酒精使用的较高几率相关（调整优势比1.90,95%置信区间1.19-3.06,p = 0.008）。结论强烈的chū-hai消费与危险和有害酒精使用的发生率相关。考虑到即饮酒精饮料的全球销售增长，我们的研究结果为全球政策制定者提供了重要的警告。

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引用次数: 0

Safety, tolerability, and drug-drug interactions of NYX-783 and oxycodone in persons using opioids recreationally: Preliminary results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 study 在娱乐性阿片类药物使用者中，NYX-783和羟考酮的安全性、耐受性和药物相互作用：一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的1期研究的初步结果

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113041

Zachary M. Harvanek , Marcella M. Mignosa , Razi Kitaneh , Henrique N.P. Oliva , Anna Borelli , Emalee Dauginikas , Nia Fogelman , Elcin Sakmar , Jane Taylor , Ralph DiLeone , Rajita Sinha , Gustavo A. Angarita

Background

Novel treatments are needed for opioid use disorder (OUD). NYX-783, an NMDA positive allosteric modulator, affects synaptic plasticity and learning, key processes in. Although prior preclinical and studies in healthy humans have established its safety and tolerability, studies are needed in the context of opioid use.

Methods

Nine men who used opioids recreationally and passed a safety session were enrolled in inpatient study. Participants received single doses of NYX-783 (50 mg, 150 mg) and placebo and in combination with two oxycodone doses (15 mg, 30 mg), across six inpatient drug-drug interaction (DDI) sessions in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. The primary endpoints included cardiovascular and respiratory safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics.

Results

No severe nor serious adverse events were reported and 85 % of adverse events were mild. NYX-783 reduced oxycodone’s calmative effects (p < .0005). There was no effect of NYX-783 on feeling drug effect and high, nor wanting, liking, or disliking the drug. For the DDI sessions, there was no significant timepoint-by-NYX-783-by-oxycodone interaction for pulse, systolic & diastolic blood pressure, temperature, pupillary dilation, subjective drug effects, nor electrocardiogram’s segments. There was a significant timepoint-by-NYX-by-oxycodone interaction for plasma NYX plasma levels (F = 3.19; DF = 8; p = 0.003) in which NYX levels were significantly higher when combined with 30 mg of oxycodone vs. 15 mg of oxycodone (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

NYX-783’s tolerability, safety, capacity to reduce oxycodone’s calmative effects and benign DDI profile offers support for future, larger (i.e., Phase 1B/2 A) trials specifically targeting its safety and therapeutic potential in OUD.

背景：阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）需要新的治疗方法。NYX-783是一种NMDA阳性变构调节剂，影响突触可塑性和学习。尽管先前的临床前研究和健康人的研究已经确定了其安全性和耐受性，但需要在阿片类药物使用的背景下进行研究。方法将9例娱乐性使用阿片类药物并通过安全测试的男性纳入住院研究。在随机、双盲、交叉设计中，参与者接受单剂量NYX-783 （50 mg、150 mg）和安慰剂，并联合两剂羟考酮（15 mg、30 mg），共6次住院药物-药物相互作用（DDI）治疗。主要终点包括心血管和呼吸安全性、耐受性和药代动力学。结果无严重不良事件发生，85%为轻度不良事件。NYX-783降低了羟考酮的镇静作用（p < .0005）。NYX-783对感觉药物效果和快感没有影响，也没有想要、喜欢或不喜欢药物的影响。对于DDI疗程，nyx -783-羟考酮在脉搏、收缩压和舒张压、温度、瞳孔扩张、主观药物效应和心电图段方面没有显著的时间点相互作用。血浆NYX水平与NYX-羟考酮存在显著的时间点相互作用（F = 3.19; DF = 8; p = 0.003），其中与羟考酮15 mg相比，30 mg羟考酮联合使用NYX水平显著更高（p < 0.0001）。结论snyx -783的耐受性、安全性、降低氧可酮镇静作用的能力和良性DDI特征为未来更大规模的（即1B/ 2a期）试验提供了支持，这些试验专门针对其在OUD中的安全性和治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Retreatment with nicotine replacement therapy: Predictors of re-enrolment in a cohort of people who smoke seeking treatment in ambulatory settings 用尼古丁替代疗法进行再治疗：在门诊环境中寻求治疗的吸烟者队列中重新登记的预测因素

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113056

Xue Man , Peter Selby , Laurie Zawertailo , Scott Veldhuizen

Background

People who re-enrol in smoking cessation treatment repeatedly may benefit from more intensive or alternative interventions. We aimed to measure differences across participants in propensity to re-enrol in a large treatment program, to describe re-enrolment patterns, and to examine specific participant characteristics that predict re-enrolment.

Methods

We analyzed 172,050 enrolments into the Ontario-wide Smoking Treatment for Ontario Patients (STOP) program between 2014 and 2023. STOP provides up to 26 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and allows re-enrolment after one year. We used probabilistic deduplication to identify 128,481 unique individuals. To analyze re-enrolment, we fit a mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards survival model for recurrent events, with demographic, clinical, and contextual variables included as fixed effects.

Results

Of all enrolments, 25.3 % (43,569) were repeat entries. Participant-level variance was very high (σ2 =1.66, median hazard ratio = 3.4), indicating large residual individual-level differences in propensity to re-enrol. The strongest predictors of reenrolment were time to first cigarette after waking (p < 0.001), lifetime quit attempts (p < 0.001), type of NRT provided (p < 0.001) and total visits in previous enrolment (HR 1.10, 95 % CI 1.10–1.11), clinic type (p < 0.001), schizophrenia (HR 1.51, 95 % CI 1.41–1.60), and enrolment during the COVID-19 era (HR 1.31, 95 % CI 1.20–1.44).

Conclusion

Propensity to re-enrol varied markedly across individuals, implying that there is a subgroup of treatment-seeking people who are less likely to achieve longterm abstinence. Alternative interventions or long-term nicotine replacement may be justified for these individuals.

背景：反复参加戒烟治疗的患者可能受益于更强化或替代的干预措施。我们的目的是测量参与者重新参加大型治疗计划的倾向的差异，描述重新参加的模式，并检查预测重新参加的特定参与者特征。方法：我们分析了2014年至2023年安大略省吸烟治疗（STOP）项目的172,050名入组患者。STOP提供长达26周的尼古丁替代疗法（NRT），并允许在一年后重新注册。我们使用概率重复数据删除来识别128,481个独特的个体。为了分析再入组情况，我们拟合了一个混合效应的Cox比例风险生存模型，将人口统计学、临床和环境变量作为固定效应。结果在所有入组患者中，25.3%（43,569）为重复入组。参与者水平方差非常高（σ2 =1.66，中位风险比= 3.4），表明再入倾向存在较大的残差。再入组的最强预测因子是醒来后第一次吸烟的时间（p < 0.001）、终生戒烟尝试（p < 0.001）、提供的NRT类型（p < 0.001）和之前入组的总就诊次数（HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.10 - 1.11）、诊所类型（p < 0.001）、精神分裂症（HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.41-1.60）和在COVID-19时期入组（HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.20-1.44）。结论：个体间重新登记的倾向差异显著，这意味着有一个寻求治疗的亚群不太可能实现长期戒断。替代干预或长期尼古丁替代可能对这些个体是合理的。

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引用次数: 0

Impulsivity as a dynamic mechanism linking young adult sleep and drinking behavior during naturally occurring drinking episodes 冲动作为一种动态机制，在自然发生的饮酒事件中连接年轻人的睡眠和饮酒行为

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113054

Jack T. Waddell , Andrea M. Wycoff , Mary Beth Miller

Background

Impulsivity is implicated in theories linking sleep and drinking behavior. While well-studied across individuals, research regarding sleep, impulsivity, and drinking in real-world contexts is lacking. This study tested a theoretical pathway wherein better-than-average sleep predicts decreased impulsivity while drinking, which then predicts lesser drinking and negative alcohol consequences experienced during drinking episodes.

Method

Young adults (N = 131) completed 21 days of ecological momentary assessment, including morning reports, self-initiated drink reports after first drink, and follow-up drinking reports 60/120 min later. Past-day drinking quantity, negative alcohol consequences, and sleep (duration, nighttime awakenings, and morning readiness to start day) were measured each morning. Impulsivity (urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) was measured during drink initiation/follow-up reports.

Results

In two of the four multilevel mediation models (one for each facet of impulsivity), better sleep (higher morning readiness and longer sleep duration) predicted decreased state impulsivity (lack of premeditation and sensation seeking) while drinking, which indirectly predicted fewer negative consequences via lighter drinking quantity. Above and beyond state impulsivity while drinking, higher morning readiness indirectly predicted fewer negative consequences via lighter drinking quantity. Increased urgency also indirectly predicted negative consequences via heavier drinking quantity but was unrelated to sleep. Findings were unchanged when accounting for cumulative sleep debt, except relations between morning readiness and sensation seeking while drinking.

Conclusions

Dampened state impulsivity while drinking may explain protective associations between good sleep health and less risky drinking. Sleep interventions may be effective at reducing impulsivity while drinking and alcohol-related harms.

冲动性与睡眠和饮酒行为有关。虽然对个体的研究很充分，但在现实环境中关于睡眠、冲动和饮酒的研究还很缺乏。这项研究测试了一个理论途径，其中比平均水平更好的睡眠预示着饮酒时冲动的减少，这预示着饮酒期间饮酒和负面酒精后果的减少。方法年轻成人（N = 131）完成21天的生态瞬间评估，包括晨间报告、首次饮酒后的主动饮酒报告和60/120分钟后的随访饮酒报告。每天早上测量过去一天的饮酒量、负面酒精后果和睡眠（持续时间、夜间醒来和早晨开始一天的准备情况）。冲动性（紧迫感、缺乏预谋、缺乏毅力和寻求感觉）在饮酒开始/后续报告中被测量。结果在四个多层次中介模型中的两个模型（冲动性各一个）中，较好的睡眠（较高的早晨准备和较长的睡眠时间）预测饮酒时状态冲动性（缺乏预谋和感觉寻求）的降低，通过较轻的饮酒量间接预测较少的负面后果。除了饮酒时的状态冲动之外，早晨准备程度越高间接预示着饮酒量越少的负面后果越少。紧迫感的增加也间接预示着大量饮酒带来的负面影响，但与睡眠无关。当考虑到累积的睡眠债务时，研究结果没有变化，除了早晨准备和喝酒时寻求感觉之间的关系。结论：饮酒时的抑制状态冲动可能解释了良好睡眠健康和低风险饮酒之间的保护性联系。睡眠干预可能对减少饮酒时的冲动和酒精相关危害有效。

{"title":"Impulsivity as a dynamic mechanism linking young adult sleep and drinking behavior during naturally occurring drinking episodes","authors":"Jack T. Waddell , Andrea M. Wycoff , Mary Beth Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Impulsivity is implicated in theories linking sleep and drinking behavior. While well-studied across individuals, research regarding sleep, impulsivity, and drinking in real-world contexts is lacking. This study tested a theoretical pathway wherein better-than-average sleep predicts decreased impulsivity while drinking, which then predicts lesser drinking and negative alcohol consequences experienced during drinking episodes.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Young adults (<em>N</em> = 131) completed 21 days of ecological momentary assessment, including morning reports, self-initiated drink reports after first drink, and follow-up drinking reports 60/120min later. Past-day drinking quantity, negative alcohol consequences, and sleep (duration, nighttime awakenings, and morning readiness to start day) were measured each morning. Impulsivity (urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) was measured during drink initiation/follow-up reports.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In two of the four multilevel mediation models (one for each facet of impulsivity), better sleep (higher morning readiness and longer sleep duration) predicted decreased state impulsivity (lack of premeditation and sensation seeking) while drinking, which indirectly predicted fewer negative consequences via lighter drinking quantity. Above and beyond state impulsivity while drinking, higher morning readiness indirectly predicted fewer negative consequences via lighter drinking quantity. Increased urgency also indirectly predicted negative consequences via heavier drinking quantity but was unrelated to sleep. Findings were unchanged when accounting for cumulative sleep debt, except relations between morning readiness and sensation seeking while drinking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dampened state impulsivity while drinking may explain protective associations between good sleep health and less risky drinking. Sleep interventions may be effective at reducing impulsivity while drinking and alcohol-related harms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caregiver-reported evaluation for and diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the United States 在美国，照顾者报告胎儿酒精谱系障碍的评估和诊断

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113055

Nicholas P. Deputy , Ashleigh M. Kellerman , Amanda N. Dorsey , Clark H. Denny , Mary Kate Weber , Shawn A. Thomas , Jessica Jones , Shin Y. Kim , Jacquelyn Bertrand

Background

In-person, active case ascertainment studies suggest the prevalence of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), lifelong disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, in selected communities ranges from 11.3 to 71.4 per 1000 (including diagnosed and undiagnosed FASDs). National, population-based estimates of children with an FASD diagnosis and who are at different stages of a prototypical diagnostic process are limited.

Methods

Data are from the 2022–2024 National Survey of Children’s Health (n = 160,640). We estimated the caregiver-reported prevalence of children who had ever been recommended for an FASD evaluation, received an FASD evaluation, and received an FASD diagnosis, overall and by demographic subgroups; Chi-square tests assessed differences by subgroup.

Results

Based on caregiver report, 2.4 per 1000 children were recommended for an FASD evaluation, 3.1 per 1000 received an evaluation, and 2.0 per 1000 received an FASD diagnosis. Prevalence varied by several characteristics; for example, the prevalence of children with an FASD diagnosis was higher among those cared for by grandparents or other relations (10.8 per 1000, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 7.2–16.0) than those cared for by two parents (1.2 per 1000, 95 % CI: 0.9–1.6). Of the 4.6 per 1000 children either recommended for an FASD evaluation, received an evaluation, or diagnosed with an FASD, 20.0 % had all three experiences.

Conclusions

These nationally representative, caregiver-reported estimates for children with an FASD diagnosis are lower than those from active case ascertainment studies, suggesting efforts are needed to improve the screening, evaluation, and diagnosis process for children suspected of an FASD.

背景：积极的病例确定研究表明，在选定社区，胎儿酒精谱系障碍（由产前酒精暴露引起的终身障碍）儿童的患病率为每1000人中11.3至71.4人（包括确诊和未确诊的fasd）。在全国范围内，基于人群的FASD诊断儿童和处于典型诊断过程不同阶段的儿童的估计是有限的。方法数据来自2022-2024年全国儿童健康调查（n = 160640）。我们估计了照顾者报告的曾被推荐进行FASD评估、接受FASD评估和接受FASD诊断的儿童的总体和人口亚组患病率；卡方检验按亚组评估差异。结果根据护理人员报告，每1000名儿童中有2.4名被推荐进行FASD评估，每1000名儿童中有3.1名接受评估，每1000名儿童中有2.0名接受FASD诊断。流行程度因几个特征而异；例如，由祖父母或其他亲属照顾的儿童患FASD的比例（10.8 / 1000,95%可信区间[CI]: 7.2-16.0）高于由双亲照顾的儿童（1.2 / 1000,95%可信区间：0.9-1.6）。每1000名儿童中有4.6名被推荐进行FASD评估，接受评估或被诊断为FASD，其中20.0%的儿童同时经历了这三种经历。结论：这些具有全国代表性的护理人员报告的FASD诊断儿童的估计低于积极的病例确定研究，这表明需要努力改进FASD疑似儿童的筛查、评估和诊断过程。

{"title":"Caregiver-reported evaluation for and diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the United States","authors":"Nicholas P. Deputy , Ashleigh M. Kellerman , Amanda N. Dorsey , Clark H. Denny , Mary Kate Weber , Shawn A. Thomas , Jessica Jones , Shin Y. Kim , Jacquelyn Bertrand","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In-person, active case ascertainment studies suggest the prevalence of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), lifelong disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, in selected communities ranges from 11.3 to 71.4 per 1000 (including diagnosed and undiagnosed FASDs). National, population-based estimates of children with an FASD diagnosis and who are at different stages of a prototypical diagnostic process are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data are from the 2022–2024 National Survey of Children’s Health (n = 160,640). We estimated the caregiver-reported prevalence of children who had ever been recommended for an FASD evaluation, received an FASD evaluation, and received an FASD diagnosis, overall and by demographic subgroups; Chi-square tests assessed differences by subgroup.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on caregiver report, 2.4 per 1000 children were recommended for an FASD evaluation, 3.1 per 1000 received an evaluation, and 2.0 per 1000 received an FASD diagnosis. Prevalence varied by several characteristics; for example, the prevalence of children with an FASD diagnosis was higher among those cared for by grandparents or other relations (10.8 per 1000, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 7.2–16.0) than those cared for by two parents (1.2 per 1000, 95 % CI: 0.9–1.6). Of the 4.6 per 1000 children either recommended for an FASD evaluation, received an evaluation, or diagnosed with an FASD, 20.0 % had all three experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These nationally representative, caregiver-reported estimates for children with an FASD diagnosis are lower than those from active case ascertainment studies, suggesting efforts are needed to improve the screening, evaluation, and diagnosis process for children suspected of an FASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Randomized studies assessing the effect of flavor on pharmacokinetic and subjective parameters for dry and moist nicotine pouches 评估风味对干湿尼古丁袋的药代动力学和主观参数影响的随机研究

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113050

Mikael Staaf, Anna E. Masser , Camilla Pramfalk , Robert Pendrill, Sara Moses, Johan Lindholm, Tryggve Ljung

Background

Nicotine pouches (NPs) have different formulations (e.g., dry or moist), and the vast majority are flavored. However, it is unclear if flavors exert any effect on nicotine pharmacology and subjective parameters.

Methods

Data from two, open-label, randomized, nine-way cross-over, single-dose administration, pharmacokinetic and subjective effects studies were analyzed, evaluating dry 6-mg and moist 9-mg NPs, respectively. The studies included unflavored and flavored varieties (flavor characteristics: traditional [tobacco], cooling, minty, fruit, beverage). All participants were adults who currently used snus and/or NPs daily (n = 38 for moist, n = 39 for dry).

Results

Maximum plasma concentrations (C_max) of nicotine were observed at NP removal at ~60 min (T_max), with overlapping geometric least squares mean (GLSM) values for the dry and moist products (12.08–15.07 ng/mL). The total nicotine exposure (calculated as area under the curve from time point 0 to infinity, AUC_inf) was 40.84–50.86 h⁎ng/mL, with overlapping GLSM values for dry and moist varieties. Equivalence testing for AUC_inf and C_max between unflavored and flavored varieties showed equivalence for all varieties except two of the moist minty NPs. For subjective parameters, the effect of flavor was more pronounced for moist NPs, with participants rating the flavored varieties higher for satisfaction, product liking, and intent to use again.

Conclusions

For dry varieties, flavor had no effect on C_max and AUC_inf, but two moist varieties were different from moist unflavored. Flavor did not affect T_max for dry or moist NPs. Considerable variation in participant preferences suggest a need for diverse varieties and product types.

尼古丁袋（NPs）有不同的配方（例如，干的或湿的），绝大多数是调味的。然而，尚不清楚香料是否对尼古丁的药理学和主观参数有任何影响。方法分析两项开放标签、随机、九向交叉、单剂量给药、药代动力学和主观效应研究的数据，分别评价干燥型6 mg和湿润型9 mg NPs。研究包括无风味和有风味的品种（风味特征：传统[烟草]，冷却，薄荷，水果，饮料）。所有参与者都是目前每天使用鼻烟和/或NPs的成年人（n = 38为潮湿，n = 39为干燥）。结果在NP去除~60 min （Tmax）时，烟碱的最大血浆浓度（Cmax）出现重叠，干湿产品的几何最小二乘平均值（GLSM）为12.08 ~ 15.07 ng/mL。总尼古丁暴露量（以从时间点0到无限长的曲线下面积计算，AUCinf）为40.84 ~ 50.86 h·ng/mL，干湿品种的GLSM值重叠。无味和有味品种间的AUCinf和Cmax等效性试验表明，除两种湿薄荷NPs外，其他品种均相等。在主观参数方面，风味的影响对潮湿的NPs更为明显，参与者在满意度、产品喜好和再次使用的意图方面对风味品种的评价更高。结论对于干型品种，风味对Cmax和aucf没有影响，但两种湿型品种与湿型无风味品种不同。风味对干性和湿性NPs的Tmax没有影响。参与者偏好的巨大差异表明需要多样化的品种和产品类型。

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引用次数: 0

Sustained effects of reduced nicotine cigarettes and co-use of non-combusted alternative nicotine delivery systems: A one-month follow-up to a randomized clinical trial 减少尼古丁香烟和共同使用非燃烧替代尼古丁输送系统的持续影响：一个月的随机临床试验随访。

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113051

Elias M. Klemperer , Xianghua Luo , Qing Cao , Dana M. Carroll , F. Joseph McClernon , Neal L. Benowitz , Andrew A. Strasser , Jennifer W. Tidey , Eric C. Donny , Dorothy K. Hatsukami

Introduction

The US FDA has proposed a nicotine-reducing standard for cigarettes. A recent trial found that, with access to alternative nicotine delivery systems (ANDS; i.e., e-cigarettes, nicotine medicines), participants randomized to very low nicotine content (VLNC) vs normal nicotine content (NNC) cigarettes achieved greater smoking reduction. This secondary analysis compared effects of the VLNC+ANDS-access versus NNC+ANDS-access conditions on post-intervention cigarette smoking.

Methodology

Adults who smoke were randomized to 12 weeks of an experimental marketplace with VLNC (0.4 mg nicotine/gram tobacco) vs NNC (15.8 mg/g) cigarettes. All participants had access to non-combusted ANDS. Multivariable regressions were used to examine effects of VLNC vs NNC condition and co-use of ANDS with cigarettes on smoking and cessation-related outcomes during follow-up, when no study products were provided (weeks 12–16).

Results

Among those who completed follow-up (n = 336), VLNC vs NNC participants achieved more 7-day point-prevalence smoking abstinence (VLNC=19.6 % vs NNC=11.0 %; p = 0.031), had more smokefree days (VLNC mean=9.7 vs NNC mean=4.9; p = 0.043), and smoked fewer cigarettes/day (VLNC mean=7.3 vs NNC mean=10.7; p < 0.001). Among participants smoking at week-12 (n = 281), co-use of ANDS vs exclusive smoking was associated with more quit attempts (25.5 % vs 13.0 %; p = 0.005) and fewer cigarette/day (mean=9.3 vs mean=12.4; p < 0.001) during follow-up.

Conclusions

Switching to VLNC cigarettes with access to non-combusted ANDS produced sustained effects on smoking abstinence. Among those who continued smoking, co-use of ANDS was associated with fewer cigarettes/day and more attempts to quit. Findings provide further support for a nicotine-reducing standard for cigarettes in the context of a marketplace which includes ANDS.

导语：美国食品和药物管理局提出了一项减少香烟尼古丁的标准。最近的一项试验发现，通过使用替代尼古丁传递系统（即电子烟、尼古丁药物），参与者被随机分配到尼古丁含量极低（VLNC）和尼古丁含量正常（NNC）的香烟中，吸烟量减少得更多。这一次要分析比较了VLNC+ and - and -access条件与NNC+ and -access条件对干预后吸烟的影响。方法：吸烟的成年人被随机分为VLNC （0.4mg尼古丁/克烟草）和NNC （15.8mg/克烟草）香烟的实验市场，为期12周。所有参与者都能接触到未燃烧的手。在随访期间（第12-16周），当没有提供研究产品时，采用多变量回归来检查VLNC与NNC状况以及ANDS与香烟共同使用对吸烟和戒烟相关结果的影响。结果：在完成随访的参与者中（n = 336）， VLNC与NNC参与者实现了更多的7天点流行戒烟（VLNC= 19.6% vs NNC= 11.0%; p = 0.031），有更多的无烟天数（VLNC平均=9.7 vs NNC平均=4.9;p = 0.043），每天吸烟更少(VLNC平均=7.3 vs NNC平均=10.7；p结论：切换到可获得非燃烧源的VLNC香烟对戒烟产生了持续的影响。在那些继续吸烟的人中，共同使用ANDS与每天吸烟的减少和更多的戒烟尝试有关。研究结果进一步支持在包括ANDS在内的市场背景下制定减少香烟尼古丁的标准。

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引用次数: 0

Dyadic association between support persons’ attitudes towards medication for opioid use disorder and patients’ mental health outcomes 支持人员对阿片类药物使用障碍用药态度与患者心理健康结果的二元关联

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113053

Kyle J. Moon , Lane F. Burgette , Jasmin Choi , Katherine Nameth , Kevan Shah , Katherine E. Watkins , Karen Chan Osilla

Introduction

Nearly one in three adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) has co-occurring depression or anxiety. Pervasive stigma towards medication for OUD has been identified as a barrier to OUD treatment initiation and retention, but whether stigma also complicates patient mental health outcomes remains unclear.

Methods

We analyzed longitudinal, dyadic data (n = 356 dyads) from a cohort of patients receiving buprenorphine from community health centers in California, who were accompanied by support persons (e.g., partner, family member, friend). We assessed how changes in support persons’ stigmatizing attitudes towards buprenorphine were associated with patients’ depressive and anxiety symptoms at 3-month follow-up using ordinary least squares regression models. To aid in clinical interpretability, we used logistic regression models to estimate the probability of clinically significant depressive and anxiety symptoms at 3-month follow-up.

Results

Support persons’ changes in stigmatizing attitudes towards buprenorphine were significantly associated with patients’ depressive (χ²= 10.95, P = 0.012) and anxiety (χ² = 14.40, P = 0.002) symptoms at follow-up, adjusted for patients’ sociodemographic characteristics and baseline symptoms. Patients whose support person reported increased stigma towards buprenorphine had the highest estimated probability of clinically significant depressive (36.7 % [95 % CI: 21.2, 52.1]) and anxiety symptoms (33.3 % [95 % CI: 18.7, 47.9]).

Conclusions

Stigmatizing attitudes towards buprenorphine held by patients’ loved ones were associated with worse depression and anxiety outcomes. Interventions are needed to address the stigma towards MOUD among support persons; these interventions may also improve the mental health and wellbeing of patients with OUD.

近三分之一的阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）成年人同时伴有抑郁或焦虑。对OUD药物治疗普遍存在的耻辱感已被确定为OUD治疗开始和保持的障碍，但耻辱感是否也使患者的心理健康结果复杂化仍不清楚。方法我们分析了来自加利福尼亚州社区卫生中心接受丁丙诺啡治疗的患者的纵向、双元数据（n = 356对），这些患者有支持人员（如伴侣、家庭成员、朋友）陪同。在3个月的随访中，我们使用普通最小二乘回归模型评估了支持人员对丁丙诺啡的污名化态度的变化与患者抑郁和焦虑症状的关系。为了帮助临床可解释性，我们使用逻辑回归模型来估计3个月随访时临床显著抑郁和焦虑症状的概率。结果支持人员对丁丙诺啡污名化态度的改变与患者随访时的抑郁（χ2= 10.95, P = 0.012）和焦虑（χ2= 14.40, P = 0.002）症状相关，并根据患者的社会人口学特征和基线症状进行调整。支持人报告对丁丙诺啡的耻耻感增加的患者出现临床显著抑郁（36.7% [95% CI: 21.2, 52.1]）和焦虑症状（33.3% [95% CI: 18.7, 47.9]）的估计概率最高。结论患者家属对丁丙诺啡的污名化态度与患者抑郁、焦虑状况恶化有关。需要采取干预措施，解决支助人员对mod的耻辱感；这些干预措施也可能改善OUD患者的心理健康和福祉。

{"title":"Dyadic association between support persons’ attitudes towards medication for opioid use disorder and patients’ mental health outcomes","authors":"Kyle J. Moon , Lane F. Burgette , Jasmin Choi , Katherine Nameth , Kevan Shah , Katherine E. Watkins , Karen Chan Osilla","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nearly one in three adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) has co-occurring depression or anxiety. Pervasive stigma towards medication for OUD has been identified as a barrier to OUD treatment initiation and retention, but whether stigma also complicates patient mental health outcomes remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed longitudinal, dyadic data (n = 356 dyads) from a cohort of patients receiving buprenorphine from community health centers in California, who were accompanied by support persons (e.g., partner, family member, friend). We assessed how changes in support persons’ stigmatizing attitudes towards buprenorphine were associated with patients’ depressive and anxiety symptoms at 3-month follow-up using ordinary least squares regression models. To aid in clinical interpretability, we used logistic regression models to estimate the probability of clinically significant depressive and anxiety symptoms at 3-month follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Support persons’ changes in stigmatizing attitudes towards buprenorphine were significantly associated with patients’ depressive (χ<sup>2</sup>= 10.95, <em>P</em> = 0.012) and anxiety (χ<sup>2</sup> = 14.40, <em>P</em> = 0.002) symptoms at follow-up, adjusted for patients’ sociodemographic characteristics and baseline symptoms. Patients whose support person reported increased stigma towards buprenorphine had the highest estimated probability of clinically significant depressive (36.7 % [95 % CI: 21.2, 52.1]) and anxiety symptoms (33.3 % [95 % CI: 18.7, 47.9]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Stigmatizing attitudes towards buprenorphine held by patients’ loved ones were associated with worse depression and anxiety outcomes. Interventions are needed to address the stigma towards MOUD among support persons; these interventions may also improve the mental health and wellbeing of patients with OUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 113053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol consumption in the Western Province of Sri Lanka: Prevalence, patterns, and health implications 斯里兰卡西部省的酒精消费：流行、模式和健康影响

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113049

Prasad Katulanda , Sanduni Gamage , Tharindu Bandara , Akhila Imantha Nilaweera , Desha Rajni Fernando , Gaya Wijeweera Katulanda , Vithanage Pujitha Wickramasinghe , Eranga Wijewickrama

Introduction

Alcohol contributes to global morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and patterns of alcohol use, its correlates with health related quality of life (HRQoL) and chronic medical conditions in the Western Province of Sri Lanka.

Methods

A cross-sectional study (2018–2020) was conducted in Western Province recruited 1800 adults (>20 years) via multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. Data collection included interviewer-administered questionnaires, physiological, anthropometric, and biochemical measurements. Alcohol consumption patterns were assessed with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and CAGE tools, and HRQoL with RAND-36.

Results

A total of 1333 adults participated. Alcohol consumption at any point in their life was reported by 25.5 % of participants (95 %CI:18.9–32.1), and 21.3 % (95 %CI:16.8–25.7) had consumed alcohol in the past year. The prevalence was highest among males (56.8 %;95 %CI:46.2–67.4), those aged 40–49 (27.9 %;95 %CI:20.9–34.6), residents of Gampaha district (33.2 %;95 %CI:21.4–44.9), rural dwellers (27.9 %;95 %CI:18.3–37.6), and those earning $300–400 monthly (46.5 %;95 %CI:28.4–64.6). Daily consumption was 5.2 % (95 %CI:1.9–8.3), harmful alcohol use was 28.1 % (95 %CI:19.5–36.7), and clinical alcoholism was 26.6 % (95 %CI:19.5–33.8) among alcohol consumers. Those without clinical alcoholism had higher quality of life than those with the condition. Comorbidities among consumers included dyslipidemia (81.3 %, undiagnosed:58.5 %), hypertension (61.6 %, undiagnosed:33.9 %), diabetes (41.4 %, undiagnosed:11.3 %), and prediabetes (33.8 %).

Conclusions

One-fourth of Western Province adults reported alcohol consumption, highest among middle-aged, middle-income, and residents in Gampaha district. Cardio-metabolic diseases were high among individuals who consume alcohol, many remaining undiagnosed. Non-communicable diseases programs should focus high-risk screening, alcohol control, and preventive community initiatives.

酒精导致全球发病率和死亡率。本研究旨在描述斯里兰卡西部省酒精使用的流行程度和模式，及其与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）和慢性医疗状况的相关性。方法：采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法，在西部省开展横断面研究（2018-2020年）。数据收集包括访谈者填写的问卷、生理、人体测量和生化测量。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试和CAGE工具评估酒精消费模式，使用RAND-36评估HRQoL。结果：共有1333名成年人参与。25.5%的参与者（95% CI:18.9-32.1）报告在他们生命中的任何时候饮酒，21.3% （95% CI:16.8-25.7）在过去一年中饮酒。患病率最高的人群为男性（56.8%,95% CI:46.2-67.4）、40-49岁人群（27.9%,95% CI:20.9-34.6）、甘帕哈区居民（33.2%,95% CI:21.4-44.9）、农村居民（27.9%,95% CI:18.3-37.6）和月收入300-400美元的人群（46.5%,95% CI:28.4-64.6）。在饮酒者中，每日饮酒量为5.2% (95% CI:1.9-8.3)，有害饮酒为28.1% (95% CI:19.5-36.7)，临床酒精中毒为26.6% （95% CI:19.5-33.8）。那些没有临床酒精中毒的人比那些有这种情况的人生活质量更高。消费者的合并症包括血脂异常（81.3%，未确诊：58.5%）、高血压（61.6%，未确诊：33.9%）、糖尿病（41.4%，未确诊：11.3%）和前驱糖尿病（33.8%）。结论：西部省份四分之一的成年人报告饮酒，在Gampaha区的中年、中等收入和居民中最高。在饮酒者中，心脏代谢疾病的发病率很高，其中许多尚未被诊断出来。非传染性疾病项目应注重高风险筛查、酒精控制和预防性社区倡议。

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引用次数: 0

“Not in my backyard”: The impact of recovery residences on property values “不在我家后院”：恢复性住宅对房地产价值的影响

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113044

Ryan Ramphul , Sheryl A. McCurdy , Jooyeon Lee , Yanchen Liu , Yixiao Chen , Serena A. Rodriguez , Kathryn R. Gallardo , Sreelatha Akkala , Hadiza Theyra-Enias , J. Michael Wilkerson

Background

In 2023, an estimated 39.6 million adults aged ≥ 18 years had a substance use disorder (SUD) and 94.7 % did not seek treatment. Recovery residences provide essential support for individuals recovering from SUD, yet their presence in residential neighborhoods often raises concerns on potential decline in property values. Our study examines the relationship between presence of recovery residences and median home values at the census tract level in Texas.

Methods

We used publicly available tract-level data on area, total population, housing units, CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), and median home values. Data on the recovery residences were obtained from a cross-sectional statewide survey of substance use service providers. Census tracts with and without recovery residences were matched using a k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm. Logistic regression and permutation tests were used to assess differences in median home values between matched tracts.

Results

Results from comparison of 329 census tracts with recovery residences and 1161 matched controls showed no significant association between presence of recovery house and property values, after adjusting for population and the covariates that are used for KNN matching. Sensitivity analysis showed no significant association between median home value and the presence of recovery housing.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest no significant association between the likelihood of a tract having recovery residence and home values. Policymakers should consider these findings when addressing zoning restrictions and community opposition to recovery housing.

2023年，估计有3960万≥18岁的成年人患有物质使用障碍（SUD）， 94.7%的人没有寻求治疗。康复住宅为从SUD中康复的个人提供必要的支持，但它们在居民区的存在经常引起人们对房地产价值潜在下降的担忧。我们的研究考察了在德克萨斯州人口普查区水平的恢复住宅和房屋价值中位数之间的关系。方法采用可公开获得的区域数据，包括面积、总人口、住房单位、CDC/ATSDR社会脆弱性指数（SVI）和房屋价值中位数。康复住宅的数据是从全州范围内对物质使用服务提供者的横断面调查中获得的。使用k近邻（KNN）算法对有和没有恢复住宅的人口普查区进行匹配。使用逻辑回归和排列检验来评估匹配区域间房屋中位数价值的差异。结果对329个人口普查区的恢复住宅和1161个匹配对照的比较结果显示，在调整人口和用于KNN匹配的协变量后，恢复住宅的存在与财产价值之间没有显着关联。敏感性分析显示，房屋价值中位数与恢复住房的存在之间没有显着关联。结论：我们的研究结果表明，康复住宅的可能性与房屋价值之间没有显著的关联。政策制定者在解决分区限制和社区对恢复住房的反对时，应该考虑这些发现。

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引用次数: 0