{"title":"Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder by Psychiatric Disorders: 2001-2002 and 2012-2013","authors":"Julia Bujno * , Caroline Wisell , Malki Stohl , Deborah Hasin","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 111454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112526
Dusti R. Jones , Lindsey N. Potter , Cho Y. Lam , Inbal Nahum-Shani , Christopher Fagundes , David W. Wetter
Background
Theoretical models of addiction highlight the bi-directional links of certain distinct affect states and tobacco lapse, but to date, few studies have examined bi-directional associations, instead examining associations with global affect measures (e.g., negative affect versus feelings of guilt). The present study examines bi-directional associations among 23 distinct affect states with individuals who tobacco lapse among use attempting to quit in an observational study.
Design
Participants (N288, 49 = 288, 49 % female, aged 19–73, 51 % White, 14 % Black, 10 % Hispanic) were provided tobacco quit support and nicotine replacement therapy. Participants completed ecological momentary assessments (EMA) 4x a day for 10 days post-quit. EMAs assessed affect and lapse in near real-time. Multilevel models tested affect at time t predicting lapse between time t and t + 1, and lapse reported at time t predicting affect at time t + 1.
Findings
Adjusting for covariates, results suggested that at the between-person level, pride was associated with lower odds of lapse, whereas guilt was associated with higher odds of lapse. At the within-person level, disgust and shame were associated with higher odds of lapse. Results also suggested that lapsing was associated with increased feelings of guilt, shame, and enthusiasm, and decreased feelings of sadness.
Conclusions
Results are generally consistent with the abstinence violation effects, suggesting that addiction to tobacco is facilitated by cycles of guilt and shame. Results further this line of research by suggesting that alleviation of sadness and promotion of enthusiasm may serve to maintain addiction, and that pride may be a promising avenue to promote resilience against lapse.
{"title":"Examining Bi-directional links between distinct affect states and tobacco lapse during a cessation attempt","authors":"Dusti R. Jones , Lindsey N. Potter , Cho Y. Lam , Inbal Nahum-Shani , Christopher Fagundes , David W. Wetter","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Theoretical models of addiction highlight the bi-directional links of certain distinct affect states and tobacco lapse, but to date, few studies have examined bi-directional associations, instead examining associations with global affect measures (e.g., negative affect versus feelings of guilt). The present study examines bi-directional associations among 23 distinct affect states with individuals who tobacco lapse among use attempting to quit in an observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Participants (<em>N</em><em>288, 49</em> = 288, 49 % female, aged 19–73, 51 % White, 14 % Black, 10 % Hispanic) were provided tobacco quit support and nicotine replacement therapy. Participants completed ecological momentary assessments (EMA) 4x a day for 10 days post-quit. EMAs assessed affect and lapse in near real-time. Multilevel models tested affect at time t predicting lapse between time t and t + 1, and lapse reported at time t predicting affect at time t + 1.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Adjusting for covariates, results suggested that at the between-person level, pride was associated with lower odds of lapse, whereas guilt was associated with higher odds of lapse. At the within-person level, disgust and shame were associated with higher odds of lapse. Results also suggested that lapsing was associated with increased feelings of guilt, shame, and enthusiasm, and decreased feelings of sadness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results are generally consistent with the abstinence violation effects, suggesting that addiction to tobacco is facilitated by cycles of guilt and shame. Results further this line of research by suggesting that alleviation of sadness and promotion of enthusiasm may serve to maintain addiction, and that pride may be a promising avenue to promote resilience against lapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111504
Rajeev Desai * , Brissa Black , Emily Burke , Paul Bremer
{"title":"Comparison of Intravenous vs Subcutaneous Administration of the Monoclonal Antibody, CSX-1004 That Blocks Fentanyl’s Effects in Squirrel Monkeys","authors":"Rajeev Desai * , Brissa Black , Emily Burke , Paul Bremer","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 111504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112527
Kaitlyn Kui , Christian Hailozian , Mable Thai , Deepalika Chakravarty , Dorie E. Apollonio , Lisa Kroon , Maya Vijayaraghavan
Introduction
The prevalence of tobacco use among people experiencing homelessness is 70 %. Mental health and substance use disorders are associated with tobacco use and pose challenges for tobacco cessation.
Methods
Between 2019 and 2024, we recruited 206 adults experiencing homelessness from three homeless shelters in San Francisco, California. Participants were enrolled in a 12-week pharmacist-linked smoking cessation program that involved pharmacist counseling and furnishing of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and brief cessation coaching by trained shelter staff. We examined the association of provision of tobacco cessation interventions with two outcomes—weekly cigarette consumption and quit attempts—using mixed effects Poisson and logistic regression models respectively. We ran separate models with baseline mental health conditions and substance use disorders and adjusted for age, gender, race-ethnicity, time to first cigarette after waking, and baseline cigarette consumption in all models.
Results
Adjusting for baseline mental health conditions and other covariates, the use of pharmacist-furnished NRT was associated with lower weekly consumption (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR]: 0.74, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.71–0.76) and increased weekly quit attempts (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.23–2.58). After adjusting for baseline substances used and other covariates, use of pharmacist-furnished NRT was associated with lower weekly consumption (IRR: 0.74, 95 % CI: 0.73–0.76) and increased weekly quit attempts (AOR: 1.99, 95 % CI: 1.45–2.74).
Conclusions
A community pharmacist-linked cessation program in homeless shelters was associated with reduced consumption and increased weekly quit attempts, highlighting its potential for scalability among people experiencing homelessness with high rates of co-occurring behavioral health conditions.
{"title":"Tobacco cessation, mental health, and substance use in a community pharmacist-linked cessation program for people experiencing homelessness","authors":"Kaitlyn Kui , Christian Hailozian , Mable Thai , Deepalika Chakravarty , Dorie E. Apollonio , Lisa Kroon , Maya Vijayaraghavan","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The prevalence of tobacco use among people experiencing homelessness is 70 %. Mental health and substance use disorders are associated with tobacco use and pose challenges for tobacco cessation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between 2019 and 2024, we recruited 206 adults experiencing homelessness from three homeless shelters in San Francisco, California. Participants were enrolled in a 12-week pharmacist-linked smoking cessation program that involved pharmacist counseling and furnishing of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and brief cessation coaching by trained shelter staff. We examined the association of provision of tobacco cessation interventions with two outcomes—weekly cigarette consumption and quit attempts—using mixed effects Poisson and logistic regression models respectively. We ran separate models with baseline mental health conditions and substance use disorders and adjusted for age, gender, race-ethnicity, time to first cigarette after waking, and baseline cigarette consumption in all models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adjusting for baseline mental health conditions and other covariates, the use of pharmacist-furnished NRT was associated with lower weekly consumption (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR]: 0.74, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.71–0.76) and increased weekly quit attempts (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.23–2.58). After adjusting for baseline substances used and other covariates, use of pharmacist-furnished NRT was associated with lower weekly consumption (IRR: 0.74, 95 % CI: 0.73–0.76) and increased weekly quit attempts (AOR: 1.99, 95 % CI: 1.45–2.74).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A community pharmacist-linked cessation program in homeless shelters was associated with reduced consumption and increased weekly quit attempts, highlighting its potential for scalability among people experiencing homelessness with high rates of co-occurring behavioral health conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112525
Rafaela M. Fontes , Allison N. Tegge , Roberta Freitas-Lemos , Daniel Cabral , Warren K. Bickel
<div><div>Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronically relapsing disorder; thus, individuals with SUD may require several attempts before achieving abstinence. The goal of the present study was to investigate what variables are associated with the number of quit attempts before successful abstinence was achieved. Data were collected from 421 International Quit & Recovery Registry participants. Participants answered several questions for each substance they reported being in recovery, including how many times they had attempted to quit that substance and whether they still used that substance. The results showed that the number of quit attempts was associated with the substance one was trying to quit, SUD severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe SUD) for that substance, the number of years using that substance, and the age of use onset. Pairwise comparisons among substances indicated that pain medication and opioids had a significantly higher number of quit attempts than all other substances (<em>p</em>s < .001) but were not different from each other (<em>p</em> = 1.0). Pairwise comparisons across levels of SUD severity showed a significantly higher number of attempts for those with moderate than mild SUD (<em>p</em> < .001) and for those with severe than mild or moderate SUD (<em>p</em>s < .001). Overall, the results indicate that individuals who use opioids and pain medication, have more severe SUD, and more years of use need significantly more attempts before achieving successful abstinence. Thus, those might benefit from more targeted and effective interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronically relapsing disorder. Thus, individuals with SUD may need several attempts before achieving abstinence. The present study investigated the variables associated with the number of quit attempts before achieving successful abstinence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from 421 International Quit & Recovery Registry participants. Participants answered several questions for each substance they reported being in recovery from, such as the age of first use, how many times they had attempted to quit that substance, and whether they still used that substance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The number of quit attempts was associated with the substance one was trying to quit, SUD severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe SUD) for that substance, the number of years using that substance, and the age of use onset. Pairwise comparisons among substances indicated that pain medication and opioids had a significantly higher number of quit attempts than all other substances (<em>p</em>s < .001) but were not different from each other (<em>p</em> = 1.0). Pairwise comparisons across levels of SUD severity showed a significantly higher number of attempts for those with moderate than mild SUD (<em>p</em> < .001) and for those with severe than mild or moderate SUD (<em
{"title":"Beyond the first try: How many quit attempts are necessary to achieve substance use cessation?","authors":"Rafaela M. Fontes , Allison N. Tegge , Roberta Freitas-Lemos , Daniel Cabral , Warren K. Bickel","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronically relapsing disorder; thus, individuals with SUD may require several attempts before achieving abstinence. The goal of the present study was to investigate what variables are associated with the number of quit attempts before successful abstinence was achieved. Data were collected from 421 International Quit & Recovery Registry participants. Participants answered several questions for each substance they reported being in recovery, including how many times they had attempted to quit that substance and whether they still used that substance. The results showed that the number of quit attempts was associated with the substance one was trying to quit, SUD severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe SUD) for that substance, the number of years using that substance, and the age of use onset. Pairwise comparisons among substances indicated that pain medication and opioids had a significantly higher number of quit attempts than all other substances (<em>p</em>s < .001) but were not different from each other (<em>p</em> = 1.0). Pairwise comparisons across levels of SUD severity showed a significantly higher number of attempts for those with moderate than mild SUD (<em>p</em> < .001) and for those with severe than mild or moderate SUD (<em>p</em>s < .001). Overall, the results indicate that individuals who use opioids and pain medication, have more severe SUD, and more years of use need significantly more attempts before achieving successful abstinence. Thus, those might benefit from more targeted and effective interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronically relapsing disorder. Thus, individuals with SUD may need several attempts before achieving abstinence. The present study investigated the variables associated with the number of quit attempts before achieving successful abstinence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from 421 International Quit & Recovery Registry participants. Participants answered several questions for each substance they reported being in recovery from, such as the age of first use, how many times they had attempted to quit that substance, and whether they still used that substance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The number of quit attempts was associated with the substance one was trying to quit, SUD severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe SUD) for that substance, the number of years using that substance, and the age of use onset. Pairwise comparisons among substances indicated that pain medication and opioids had a significantly higher number of quit attempts than all other substances (<em>p</em>s < .001) but were not different from each other (<em>p</em> = 1.0). Pairwise comparisons across levels of SUD severity showed a significantly higher number of attempts for those with moderate than mild SUD (<em>p</em> < .001) and for those with severe than mild or moderate SUD (<em","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112548
Tian Zheng , Katherine Keyes , Shouxuan Ji , Anna Calderon , Elwin Wu , Nathan J. Doogan , Jennifer Villani , Redonna Chandler , Joshua A. Barocas , Trang Nguyen , Nabila El-Bassel , Daniel J. Feaster
Introduction
Prevalence estimates of opioid use disorder (OUD) at local levels are critical for public health planning and surveillance, yet largely unavailable across the US especially at the local county level.
Methods
We used a Bayesian evidence synthesis approach to estimate the prevalence of OUD for 57 counties across New York State for 2017–2019 and compare rates of OUD across counties as well as assess the extent of undiagnosed OUD. We developed a generative model to assess conditional probabilistic relations between different subgroups of the OUD population defined by diagnosis, treatment, and overdose fatality.
Results
Average OUD prevalence from 2017 to 2019 ranged from 2.4 % (Westchester County) to 8.3 % (Sullivan County). Overall OUD prevalence estimates were relatively stable year to year, from 4.5 % in 2018 and 4.6 % in both 2017 and 2019. The Bayesian evidence synthesis estimate is consistently higher than the percentage diagnosed in Medicaid, by age and sex. By 2019, the estimated proportion of OUD that was undiagnosed ranged from 16.7 % in Clinton County to 62.7 % in Onondaga County. Counties with relatively high overdose death rates and low buprenorphine prescription percentages had the highest estimated level of undiagnosed OUD.
Conclusion
OUD prevalence varied considerably across the state. We identified counties with high OUD and overdose levels and a high proportion of undiagnosed OUD, providing insight into areas of the state in need of rapid expansion of services for people with OUD. Bayesian evidence synthesis approaches for OUD prevalence estimation represent a reliable and rigorous approach to providing local areas with information on OUD magnitude.
{"title":"Opioid use disorder prevalence in 57 New York counties from 2017 to 2019: A Bayesian evidence synthesis","authors":"Tian Zheng , Katherine Keyes , Shouxuan Ji , Anna Calderon , Elwin Wu , Nathan J. Doogan , Jennifer Villani , Redonna Chandler , Joshua A. Barocas , Trang Nguyen , Nabila El-Bassel , Daniel J. Feaster","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prevalence estimates of opioid use disorder (OUD) at local levels are critical for public health planning and surveillance, yet largely unavailable across the US especially at the local county level.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a Bayesian evidence synthesis approach to estimate the prevalence of OUD for 57 counties across New York State for 2017–2019 and compare rates of OUD across counties as well as assess the extent of undiagnosed OUD. We developed a generative model to assess conditional probabilistic relations between different subgroups of the OUD population defined by diagnosis, treatment, and overdose fatality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Average OUD prevalence from 2017 to 2019 ranged from 2.4 % (Westchester County) to 8.3 % (Sullivan County). Overall OUD prevalence estimates were relatively stable year to year, from 4.5 % in 2018 and 4.6 % in both 2017 and 2019. The Bayesian evidence synthesis estimate is consistently higher than the percentage diagnosed in Medicaid, by age and sex. By 2019, the estimated proportion of OUD that was undiagnosed ranged from 16.7 % in Clinton County to 62.7 % in Onondaga County. Counties with relatively high overdose death rates and low buprenorphine prescription percentages had the highest estimated level of undiagnosed OUD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>OUD prevalence varied considerably across the state. We identified counties with high OUD and overdose levels and a high proportion of undiagnosed OUD, providing insight into areas of the state in need of rapid expansion of services for people with OUD. Bayesian evidence synthesis approaches for OUD prevalence estimation represent a reliable and rigorous approach to providing local areas with information on OUD magnitude.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112533
Bradley D. Stein , Flora Sheng , Erin A. Taylor , Corey S. Davis , Beth Ann Griffin , Mark Sorbero , Andrew W. Dick
Importance
States have implemented multiple policies likely to influence opioid prescribing; few national general population studies examine those policies’ effects on per-capita opioid morphine milligram equivalents (MME) dispensed.
Objective
To examine state policies’ effects on opioids per-capita MMEs dispensed at retail pharmacies.
Design
A longitudinal study of associations between MME per capita and implementation of policy interventions at different times across states.
Setting
United States, 2006–2018
Patients
Data representing approximately 90 % of prescriptions filled at retail pharmacies in the United States.
Interventions
States implementing (1) Pain management clinic laws, (2) operational Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP), (3) mandatory PDMP use, (4) required continuing medical education for opioid prescribers, (5) medical cannabis dispensary laws, and (6) initial prescription duration limit laws.
Main outcomes and measurements
Monthly county-level opioid MME per-capita.
Results
Pain management clinic policies’ effects were modest, not significantly associated with MME per-capita in the year following implementation, but negatively associated in subsequent years. Operational PDMP policies were negatively associated with MME per-capita in all five years following implementation. We found no evidence of significant effects of mandatory PDMP requirements, mandatory continuing medical education policies, or medical cannabis dispensary policies in any of the five years following policy implementation. Initial prescription duration limits were associated with increased per-capita MME dispensed in years 3–5 following implementation.
Conclusions and relevance
Several state policies are associated with reductions in the total amount of opioid analgesic dispensed. Additional research should examine the policies’ effects on clinical outcomes in both general and high-risk populations.
{"title":"The association of state policies and opioid analgesic amount dispensed from retail pharmacies","authors":"Bradley D. Stein , Flora Sheng , Erin A. Taylor , Corey S. Davis , Beth Ann Griffin , Mark Sorbero , Andrew W. Dick","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Importance</h3><div>States have implemented multiple policies likely to influence opioid prescribing; few national general population studies examine those policies’ effects on per-capita opioid morphine milligram equivalents (MME) dispensed.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine state policies’ effects on opioids per-capita MMEs dispensed at retail pharmacies.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A longitudinal study of associations between MME per capita and implementation of policy interventions at different times across states.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>United States, 2006–2018</div></div><div><h3>Patients</h3><div>Data representing approximately 90 % of prescriptions filled at retail pharmacies in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><div>States implementing (1) Pain management clinic laws, (2) operational Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP), (3) mandatory PDMP use, (4) required continuing medical education for opioid prescribers, (5) medical cannabis dispensary laws, and (6) initial prescription duration limit laws.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcomes and measurements</h3><div>Monthly county-level opioid MME per-capita.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pain management clinic policies’ effects were modest, not significantly associated with MME per-capita in the year following implementation, but negatively associated in subsequent years. Operational PDMP policies were negatively associated with MME per-capita in all five years following implementation. We found no evidence of significant effects of mandatory PDMP requirements, mandatory continuing medical education policies, or medical cannabis dispensary policies in any of the five years following policy implementation. Initial prescription duration limits were associated with increased per-capita MME dispensed in years 3–5 following implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and relevance</h3><div>Several state policies are associated with reductions in the total amount of opioid analgesic dispensed. Additional research should examine the policies’ effects on clinical outcomes in both general and high-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111495
Heidi Crane * , Bridget Whitney , Kenneth Mayer , Mari Kitahata , Michael Saag , Lydia Drumright , Joseph Delaney
{"title":"Demographic and Mental Health Characteristics Among PWH in Clinical Care Across the US: Differences by Non-Fatal Overdose Status (2019-2023)","authors":"Heidi Crane * , Bridget Whitney , Kenneth Mayer , Mari Kitahata , Michael Saag , Lydia Drumright , Joseph Delaney","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 111495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111452
Courtney McKnight * , Chenziheng (Allen) Weng , Marley Reynoso , Sarah Kimball , Mehrdad Khezri , Don Des Jarlais
{"title":"Mixed Methods Investigation of Xylazine Use Among People who Inject Drugs (PWID) in New York City","authors":"Courtney McKnight * , Chenziheng (Allen) Weng , Marley Reynoso , Sarah Kimball , Mehrdad Khezri , Don Des Jarlais","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 111452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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