Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106893
Nicolas C. Galinelli , Nicholas J. Bamford , Madison L. Erdody , Tobias Warnken , Melody A. de Laat , Martin N. Sillence , Patricia A. Harris , Simon R. Bailey
The role of dopamine in the regulation of insulin secretion in horses is poorly understood and requires further investigation. Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is associated with decreased activity of dopaminergic neurons which normally suppress peptide hormone secretion from the pituitary pars intermedia. A high proportion of horses with PPID also have insulin dysregulation (ID), characterised by post-prandial hyperinsulinaemia and/or tissue insulin resistance, which are risk factors for the development of laminitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT), a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor that reduces dopamine production, on insulin sensitivity and the post-prandial insulin response to a glucose-containing meal. Six healthy Standardbred horses were enrolled in a placebo-controlled randomised crossover study, in which one dose of AMPT (40 mg/kg BW) or placebo was administered orally, prior to performing an in-feed oral glucose test (OGT) and a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT). Dopamine reduction by AMPT was confirmed by an increase in plasma prolactin concentration and the lack of post-prandial increase in plasma dopamine concentration compared to placebo. Post-prandial insulin responses, both peak and AUCi, were increased after AMPT compared to placebo (P=0.048 and P=0.005, respectively), without affecting blood glucose concentrations. However, one dose of AMPT did not appear to affect tissue sensitivity as assessed by the FSIGTT. This study confirmed that dopamine plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in horses, as it does in other species, whereby the post-prandial release of dopamine into the circulation may inhibit pancreatic insulin secretion. Further studies are required to evaluate different dosing protocols for AMPT, and to further investigate the links between PPID, ID and laminitis risk in horses.
{"title":"Effect of short-term dopamine reduction on insulin sensitivity and post-prandial insulin and glucose responses in Standardbred horses","authors":"Nicolas C. Galinelli , Nicholas J. Bamford , Madison L. Erdody , Tobias Warnken , Melody A. de Laat , Martin N. Sillence , Patricia A. Harris , Simon R. Bailey","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of dopamine in the regulation of insulin secretion in horses is poorly understood and requires further investigation. Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is associated with decreased activity of dopaminergic neurons which normally suppress peptide hormone secretion from the pituitary pars intermedia. A high proportion of horses with PPID also have insulin dysregulation (ID), characterised by post-prandial hyperinsulinaemia and/or tissue insulin resistance, which are risk factors for the development of laminitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT), a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor that reduces dopamine production, on insulin sensitivity and the post-prandial insulin response to a glucose-containing meal. Six healthy Standardbred horses were enrolled in a placebo-controlled randomised crossover study, in which one dose of AMPT (40 mg/kg BW) or placebo was administered orally, prior to performing an in-feed oral glucose test (OGT) and a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT). Dopamine reduction by AMPT was confirmed by an increase in plasma prolactin concentration and the lack of post-prandial increase in plasma dopamine concentration compared to placebo. Post-prandial insulin responses, both peak and AUCi, were increased after AMPT compared to placebo (<em>P</em>=0.048 and <em>P</em>=0.005, respectively), without affecting blood glucose concentrations. However, one dose of AMPT did not appear to affect tissue sensitivity as assessed by the FSIGTT. This study confirmed that dopamine plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in horses, as it does in other species, whereby the post-prandial release of dopamine into the circulation may inhibit pancreatic insulin secretion. Further studies are required to evaluate different dosing protocols for AMPT, and to further investigate the links between PPID, ID and laminitis risk in horses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 106893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106892
Xiao-Wei Wang , Yan-Ling Ding , Cheng-Long Li , Qing Ma , Yuan-Gang Shi , George E Liu , Cong-Jun Li , Xiao-Long Kang
Butyric acid, a pivotal short-chain fatty acid in rumen digestion, profoundly influences animal digestive and locomotor systems. Extensive research indicates its direct or indirect involvement in the growth and development of muscle and fat cells. However, the impact of butyric acid on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of butyrate on SMSCs proliferation and differentiation. After isolating, SMSCs were subjected to varying concentrations of sodium butyrate (NaB) during the proliferation and differentiation stages. Optimal treatment conditions (1 mM NaB for 2 days) were determined based on proliferative force, cell viability, and mRNA expression of proliferation and differentiation marker genes. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to screen for differential gene expression between 1 mM NaB-treated and untreated groups during SMSCs differentiation. Results indicated that lower NaB concentrations (≤1.0 mM) inhibited proliferation while promoting differentiation and apoptosis after a 2-day treatment. Conversely, higher NaB concentrations (≥2.0 mM) suppressed proliferation and differentiation and induced apoptosis. Transcriptome sequencing revealed differential expression of genes(ND1, ND3, CYTB, COX2, ATP6, MYOZ2, MYOZ3, MYBPC1 and ATP6V0A4,etc.) were associated with SMSCs differentiation and energy metabolism, enriching pathways such as Oxidative phosphorylation, MAPK, and Wnt signaling. These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying butyrate regulation of bovine SMSCs proliferation and differentiation, as well as muscle fiber type conversion in the future study.
丁酸是瘤胃消化过程中一种重要的短链脂肪酸，对动物的消化和运动系统有着深远的影响。大量研究表明，丁酸直接或间接参与了肌肉和脂肪细胞的生长和发育。然而，丁酸对牛骨骼肌卫星细胞（SMSCs）增殖和分化的影响仍不清楚。本研究旨在阐明丁酸对SMSCs增殖和分化的影响。分离SMSCs后，在增殖和分化阶段将其置于不同浓度的丁酸钠（NaB）中。根据增殖力、细胞活力以及增殖和分化标记基因的mRNA表达，确定了最佳处理条件（1 mM NaB 2天）。在 SMSCs 分化过程中，采用转录组测序筛选 1 mM NaB 处理组和未处理组之间的基因表达差异。结果表明，较低浓度的 NaB（≤1.0 mM）会抑制增殖，同时促进分化和凋亡。相反，较高浓度的 NaB（≥2.0 mM）会抑制增殖和分化，并诱导细胞凋亡。转录组测序显示，与SMSCs分化和能量代谢相关的基因（ND1、ND3、CYTB、COX2、ATP6、MYOZ2、MYOZ3、MYBPC1和ATP6V0A4等）表达存在差异，丰富了氧化磷酸化、MAPK和Wnt信号转导等通路。这些发现为今后研究丁酸盐调控牛SMSCs增殖和分化以及肌纤维类型转换的分子机制提供了有价值的见解。
{"title":"Effects of rumen metabolite butyric acid on bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells proliferation, apoptosis and transcriptional states during myogenic differentiation","authors":"Xiao-Wei Wang , Yan-Ling Ding , Cheng-Long Li , Qing Ma , Yuan-Gang Shi , George E Liu , Cong-Jun Li , Xiao-Long Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Butyric acid, a pivotal short-chain fatty acid in rumen digestion, profoundly influences animal digestive and locomotor systems. Extensive research indicates its direct or indirect involvement in the growth and development of muscle and fat cells. However, the impact of butyric acid on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of butyrate on SMSCs proliferation and differentiation. After isolating, SMSCs were subjected to varying concentrations of sodium butyrate (NaB) during the proliferation and differentiation stages. Optimal treatment conditions (1 mM NaB for 2 days) were determined based on proliferative force, cell viability, and mRNA expression of proliferation and differentiation marker genes. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to screen for differential gene expression between 1 mM NaB-treated and untreated groups during SMSCs differentiation. Results indicated that lower NaB concentrations (≤1.0 mM) inhibited proliferation while promoting differentiation and apoptosis after a 2-day treatment. Conversely, higher NaB concentrations (≥2.0 mM) suppressed proliferation and differentiation and induced apoptosis. Transcriptome sequencing revealed differential expression of genes(<em>ND1, ND3, CYTB, COX2, ATP6, MYOZ2, MYOZ3, MYBPC1</em> and <em>ATP6V0A4</em>,etc.) were associated with SMSCs differentiation and energy metabolism, enriching pathways such as Oxidative phosphorylation, MAPK, and Wnt signaling. These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying butyrate regulation of bovine SMSCs proliferation and differentiation, as well as muscle fiber type conversion in the future study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 106892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106891
Nicolas C. Galinelli , Nicholas J. Bamford , Madison L. Erdody , Tobias Warnken , Melody A. de Laat , Martin N. Sillence , Patricia A. Harris , Simon R. Bailey
Alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis. This study aimed to determine whether AMPT could reduce dopamine concentrations in horses. Six healthy adult Standardbred geldings were administered AMPT (40 mg/kg BW, orally) or placebo in a randomised crossover study design. Clinical examination findings were recorded, and blood samples were collected for up to 6 h after administration of AMPT or placebo, for measurement of blood glucose, plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations, and plasma metabolomic analysis. Plasma prolactin concentration was determined as a proxy index of central dopamine reduction. No adverse clinical effects were detected after oral administration of AMPT, with heart rate, mean arterial pressure and blood glucose concentration not differing between AMPT treatment or placebo. Plasma prolactin concentration peaked 1 h after AMPT administration before returning to baseline at 2 h (for five horses) or 6 h (for one horse). Metabolomic analysis demonstrated a reduction in plasma dopamine (0.72-fold change; P=0.016) 1 h after AMPT treatment. Plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations were not different between AMPT and placebo over time. A few metabolites associated with ketogenesis were increased, and certain amino acids decreased, at 1 h compared with baseline, for both AMPT treatment and placebo. Therefore, AMPT was effective in reducing both central and circulating dopamine concentrations in healthy horses following a single oral dose. Further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are warranted to optimise the dose and duration of AMPT treatment to achieve longer-term dopamine reduction. Plasma metabolomic findings suggested an interruption to energy flux at the time of sample collection, which may be relevant to nutritional studies in horses and warrants further investigation.
{"title":"Physiological and metabolic effects of short-term dopamine reduction in healthy horses using a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor (alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine)","authors":"Nicolas C. Galinelli , Nicholas J. Bamford , Madison L. Erdody , Tobias Warnken , Melody A. de Laat , Martin N. Sillence , Patricia A. Harris , Simon R. Bailey","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis. This study aimed to determine whether AMPT could reduce dopamine concentrations in horses. Six healthy adult Standardbred geldings were administered AMPT (40 mg/kg BW, orally) or placebo in a randomised crossover study design. Clinical examination findings were recorded, and blood samples were collected for up to 6 h after administration of AMPT or placebo, for measurement of blood glucose, plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations, and plasma metabolomic analysis. Plasma prolactin concentration was determined as a proxy index of central dopamine reduction. No adverse clinical effects were detected after oral administration of AMPT, with heart rate, mean arterial pressure and blood glucose concentration not differing between AMPT treatment or placebo. Plasma prolactin concentration peaked 1 h after AMPT administration before returning to baseline at 2 h (for five horses) or 6 h (for one horse). Metabolomic analysis demonstrated a reduction in plasma dopamine (0.72-fold change; <em>P</em>=0.016) 1 h after AMPT treatment. Plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations were not different between AMPT and placebo over time. A few metabolites associated with ketogenesis were increased, and certain amino acids decreased, at 1 h compared with baseline, for both AMPT treatment and placebo. Therefore, AMPT was effective in reducing both central and circulating dopamine concentrations in healthy horses following a single oral dose. Further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are warranted to optimise the dose and duration of AMPT treatment to achieve longer-term dopamine reduction. Plasma metabolomic findings suggested an interruption to energy flux at the time of sample collection, which may be relevant to nutritional studies in horses and warrants further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 106891"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106890
Ana F.B. Silva , Laritza F. Lima , Anna C.A. Ferreira , Ariclécio C. Oliveira , Napoleão M.A. Neto , Benner G. Alves , Ana P.R. Rodrigues , Eduardo L. Gastal , Vilceu Bordignon , José R. Figueiredo
This study evaluated the efficiency of in vitro culture of preantral follicles (PAF) in a commonly used medium for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culture. Parameters assessed included follicle survival, growth, stromal cell density, levels of reduced thiols and reactive oxygen species, epigenetic changes, cell apoptosis, and mRNA abundance. Caprine ovarian tissues were cultured for 1 or 7 days in either PAF or MSC-common media, with uncultured tissues serving as controls. The MSC medium exhibited increased follicular survival and growth and remodeled stromal density potentially through the regulation of oxidative stress and epigenetic changes compared to the PAF medium. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of the MSC medium in enhancing follicular survival and growth, changing the stromal cell density, as well as in regulating the medium oxidative stress and epigenetic changes during the in vitro culture of caprine PAF.
{"title":"Improving survival and growth of caprine preantral follicles cultured in medium commonly used for MSC: Role of oxidative stress regulation and epigenetic changes","authors":"Ana F.B. Silva , Laritza F. Lima , Anna C.A. Ferreira , Ariclécio C. Oliveira , Napoleão M.A. Neto , Benner G. Alves , Ana P.R. Rodrigues , Eduardo L. Gastal , Vilceu Bordignon , José R. Figueiredo","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the efficiency of <em>in vitro</em> culture of preantral follicles (PAF) in a commonly used medium for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culture. Parameters assessed included follicle survival, growth, stromal cell density, levels of reduced thiols and reactive oxygen species, epigenetic changes, cell apoptosis, and mRNA abundance. Caprine ovarian tissues were cultured for 1 or 7 days in either PAF or MSC-common media, with uncultured tissues serving as controls. The MSC medium exhibited increased follicular survival and growth and remodeled stromal density potentially through the regulation of oxidative stress and epigenetic changes compared to the PAF medium. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of the MSC medium in enhancing follicular survival and growth, changing the stromal cell density, as well as in regulating the medium oxidative stress and epigenetic changes during the <em>in vitro</em> culture of caprine PAF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 106890"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are stable in body fluids and can serve as biomarkers for various diseases and physiological states. Although pregnancy˗related miRNAs have been identified in various mammals, studies on parturition˗related circulating miRNAs in mares are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify parturition˗related miRNAs and examine their potential applications in the prediction of parturition date. miRNAs were extracted from the plasma of Thoroughbred mares 30 days (295–326 days pregnant) and 5 (323–352 days pregnant) – 0 (328–357 days pregnant) days before parturition, followed by small RNA sequencing (small RNA˗seq) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT˗qPCR). Additionally, we measured plasma progestin concentrations in mares using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Small RNA˗seq data indicated that 18 miRNAs were affected by parturition proximity. Among the 18 miRNAs, two novel miRNAs and three known miRNAs (miR˗361˗3p, miR˗483, and miR˗99a) showed significant changes at 5–0 days before parturition compared with that at 30 days to parturition. Plasma progestin concentrations were higher at 5–3 days to parturition than at 30 days to parturition, and then decreased on the day of parturition. Conclusively, this study provides basic knowledge of parturition˗related circulating miRNAs in mares, and identifies miRNAs that could potentially be used as biomarkers to predict parturition in mares.
{"title":"Evaluation of circulating miRNAs in mares approaching parturition","authors":"Mio Kikuchi , Harutaka Murase , Kenichi Urata , Taichiro Ishige , Shun-ichi Nagata , Teruaki Tozaki , Hironaga Kakoi , Toshina Ishiguro-Oonuma , Keiichiro Kizaki","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are stable in body fluids and can serve as biomarkers for various diseases and physiological states. Although pregnancy˗related miRNAs have been identified in various mammals, studies on parturition˗related circulating miRNAs in mares are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify parturition˗related miRNAs and examine their potential applications in the prediction of parturition date. miRNAs were extracted from the plasma of Thoroughbred mares 30 days (295–326 days pregnant) and 5 (323–352 days pregnant) – 0 (328–357 days pregnant) days before parturition, followed by small RNA sequencing (small RNA˗seq) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT˗qPCR). Additionally, we measured plasma progestin concentrations in mares using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Small RNA˗seq data indicated that 18 miRNAs were affected by parturition proximity. Among the 18 miRNAs, two novel miRNAs and three known miRNAs (miR˗361˗3p, miR˗483, and miR˗99a) showed significant changes at 5–0 days before parturition compared with that at 30 days to parturition. Plasma progestin concentrations were higher at 5–3 days to parturition than at 30 days to parturition, and then decreased on the day of parturition. Conclusively, this study provides basic knowledge of parturition˗related circulating miRNAs in mares, and identifies miRNAs that could potentially be used as biomarkers to predict parturition in mares.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724024000420/pdfft?md5=ff347d9207a7c1d574807dc426ef3878&pid=1-s2.0-S0739724024000420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106881
Nannan Qi , Binbin Wang , Wenwen Xing , Mengxuan Li , Jiying Liu
Copper is a vital micronutrient necessary for the maintenance of physiological functions. However, excessive amounts can lead to organ damage. Porcine ovarian granulosa cells are damaged by a high concentration of CuSO4, which can reduce the reproductive capacity of sows. Quercetin has shown remarkable efficacy in mitigating the harmful effects of heavy metals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high concentration of CuSO4 on autophagy and apoptosis in porcine ovarian granulosa cells and to explore whether quercetin can counteract these toxic effect. Cell morphology, and the mRNA expression levels of autophagy-related genes (LC3-Ⅰ, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, Beclin1, mTOR, LC3-Ⅱ and P62) were significantly changed upon treatment with 200 and 400 µM CuSO4. Treatment with 200 µM CuSO4 increased expression of P62 protein (P<0.05), promoted LC3-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ conversion (P<0.05), and reduced PINK1 protein expression and the ATP content (P<0.05). In addition, expression of Caspase3 protein was increased and TUNEL staining indicated that the number of apoptotic cells was increased. However, co-treatment with 10 µM quercetin significantly decreased expression of P62 and conversion of LC3-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis revealed that addition of 10 µM quercetin significantly reduced apoptosis induced by a high concentration of CuSO4. In summary, the results indicate that a high concentration of CuSO4 can trigger mitochondrial and autophagy dysfunction, activate mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and exert cytotoxic effects. Quercetin can mitigate autophagy dysfunction, enhance autophagic processes, and alleviate apoptosis.
{"title":"Impact of quercetin on autophagy and apoptosis induced by a high concentration of CuSO4 in porcine ovarian granulosa cells","authors":"Nannan Qi , Binbin Wang , Wenwen Xing , Mengxuan Li , Jiying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper is a vital micronutrient necessary for the maintenance of physiological functions. However, excessive amounts can lead to organ damage. Porcine ovarian granulosa cells are damaged by a high concentration of CuSO<sub>4</sub>, which can reduce the reproductive capacity of sows. Quercetin has shown remarkable efficacy in mitigating the harmful effects of heavy metals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high concentration of CuSO<sub>4</sub> on autophagy and apoptosis in porcine ovarian granulosa cells and to explore whether quercetin can counteract these toxic effect. Cell morphology, and the mRNA expression levels of autophagy-related genes (<em>LC3-Ⅰ, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, Beclin1, mTOR, LC3-Ⅱ</em> and <em>P62</em>) were significantly changed upon treatment with 200 and 400 µM CuSO<sub>4</sub>. Treatment with 200 µM CuSO<sub>4</sub> increased expression of P62 protein (<em>P</em><0.05), promoted LC3-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ conversion (<em>P</em><0.05), and reduced PINK1 protein expression and the ATP content (<em>P</em><0.05). In addition, expression of Caspase3 protein was increased and TUNEL staining indicated that the number of apoptotic cells was increased. However, co-treatment with 10 µM quercetin significantly decreased expression of P62 and conversion of LC3-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis revealed that addition of 10 µM quercetin significantly reduced apoptosis induced by a high concentration of CuSO<sub>4</sub>. In summary, the results indicate that a high concentration of CuSO<sub>4</sub> can trigger mitochondrial and autophagy dysfunction, activate mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and exert cytotoxic effects. Quercetin can mitigate autophagy dysfunction, enhance autophagic processes, and alleviate apoptosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 106881"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106880
Daniela J. Lopes , Luciana De Jesus , Barbara B. Rivas , Milena C. De Oliveira , Priscila V. Furtado , Debora Cattaruzzi , Álan G. Poppl
Porcine adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has been considered valid for the ACTH stimulation test (ACTHST) in humans and dogs; however, its safety and efficacy for use in cats are unknown. Also, the equivalence between 5 µg/kg and 125 µg/cat dose of synthetic corticotropin (1-24 ACTH - cosyntropin/tetracosactide) is assumed for ACTHST in cats. This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of different porcine recombinant ACTH doses for the ACTHST in healthy cats and its equivalence with tetracosactide. The study was divided into two arms. The first evaluated safety and equivalence of intravenous 1 µg/kg, 5 µg/kg, or 125 µg/cat porcine ACTH in seven healthy cats for the ACTHST evaluating basal and post-ACTH androstenedione, aldosterone, cortisol, and progesterone concentrations. In the second arm, the equivalence of the 125 µg/cat porcine ACTH dose was evaluated compared to results obtained using 125 µg/cat of tetracosactide in ten healthy cats regarding cortisol responses. In all tests, several cat-friendly strategies were adopted, and the ACTHST protocol involved basal and 60-minute post-ACTH blood sampling and intravenous ACTH injection. No adverse reactions were documented, and no tested cat showed any complications during the study. No porcine ACTH tested dose significantly increased androstenedione secretion. In contrast, all tested doses were able to increase progesterone concentration significantly (P < 0.05), and Δ-progesterone in response to 5 µg/kg or 125 µg/cat was considered equivalent (P > 0.99). The 125 µg/cat dose promoted greater responses for both cortisol and aldosterone, characterized by Δ-cortisol (P = 0.009) and Δ-aldosterone (P = 0.004). Despite equivalent Δ-cortisol results in response to 5 µg/kg or 125 µg/cat (P = 0.18); post-ACTH results of cortisol in response to 5 µg/kg only approximate statistical significance when compared with basal (P = 0.07). Porcine ACTH and tetracosactide significantly increased post-ACTH cortisol concentration (P < 0.0001) while the Δ-cortisol was slightly greater in response to the porcine ACTH (P = 0.006). These results suggest porcine ACTH could be an alternative source of corticotropin for the ACTHST in cats; however, maximum corticoadrenal stimulation seemed more reliable in response to a 125 µg/cat regarding cortisol and aldosterone.
{"title":"Safety and efficacy assessment of a synthetic porcine recombinant corticotrophin for the ACTH stimulation test in healthy cats","authors":"Daniela J. Lopes , Luciana De Jesus , Barbara B. Rivas , Milena C. De Oliveira , Priscila V. Furtado , Debora Cattaruzzi , Álan G. Poppl","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Porcine adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has been considered valid for the ACTH stimulation test (ACTHST) in humans and dogs; however, its safety and efficacy for use in cats are unknown. Also, the equivalence between 5 µg/kg and 125 µg/cat dose of synthetic corticotropin (1-24 ACTH - cosyntropin/tetracosactide) is assumed for ACTHST in cats. This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of different porcine recombinant ACTH doses for the ACTHST in healthy cats and its equivalence with tetracosactide. The study was divided into two arms. The first evaluated safety and equivalence of intravenous 1 µg/kg, 5 µg/kg, or 125 µg/cat porcine ACTH in seven healthy cats for the ACTHST evaluating basal and post-ACTH androstenedione, aldosterone, cortisol, and progesterone concentrations. In the second arm, the equivalence of the 125 µg/cat porcine ACTH dose was evaluated compared to results obtained using 125 µg/cat of tetracosactide in ten healthy cats regarding cortisol responses. In all tests, several cat-friendly strategies were adopted, and the ACTHST protocol involved basal and 60-minute post-ACTH blood sampling and intravenous ACTH injection. No adverse reactions were documented, and no tested cat showed any complications during the study. No porcine ACTH tested dose significantly increased androstenedione secretion. In contrast, all tested doses were able to increase progesterone concentration significantly (<em>P</em> < 0.05), and Δ-progesterone in response to 5 µg/kg or 125 µg/cat was considered equivalent (<em>P</em> > 0.99). The 125 µg/cat dose promoted greater responses for both cortisol and aldosterone, characterized by Δ-cortisol (<em>P</em> = 0.009) and Δ-aldosterone (<em>P</em> = 0.004). Despite equivalent Δ-cortisol results in response to 5 µg/kg or 125 µg/cat (<em>P</em> = 0.18); post-ACTH results of cortisol in response to 5 µg/kg only approximate statistical significance when compared with basal (<em>P</em> = 0.07). Porcine ACTH and tetracosactide significantly increased post-ACTH cortisol concentration (<em>P</em> < 0.0001) while the Δ-cortisol was slightly greater in response to the porcine ACTH (<em>P</em> = 0.006). These results suggest porcine ACTH could be an alternative source of corticotropin for the ACTHST in cats; however, maximum corticoadrenal stimulation seemed more reliable in response to a 125 µg/cat regarding cortisol and aldosterone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106880"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-04DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106878
Gabriel Maggi , Otávio S. Pires , Sérgio F. Vargas Junior , Fernando C. Oliveira , Fabiane P. Moraes , Rogério Ferreira , Arnaldo D. Vieira , Monique T. Rovani , Paulo B.D. Gonçalves , Rafael G. Mondadori , Bernardo G. Gasperin
Hormonal protocols based on progestogens and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) are efficient for estrus and ovulation synchronization in ewes. Although eCG is indispensable during seasonal anestrus, it may not be necessary during the breeding season. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that GnRH is effective in replacing eCG during the breeding season allowing satisfactory ovulation rate, luteal function and conception rates after timed artificial insemination (TAI). Ewes (n = 134) with a minimum body condition score of 2.5 (0–5 scale) were treated with intravaginal devices (IVD) containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for seven days and received 0.26 mg of sodium cloprostenol at the time of IVD removal. In Exp. 1, at IVD removal, ewes (n = 29) were allocated to three groups: eCG (200 IU at IVD removal; n = 10); eCG+GnRH (200 IU eCG at IVD removal and 4 µg of buserelin 36 h later; n = 10); or GnRH (buserelin 36 h after IVD removal; n = 9). Blood samples were collected 2, 6 and 12 days after TAI moment (54 h after IVD removal), for progesterone (P4) analysis. In Exp 2, the ewes were allocated to eCG (n = 10) or GnRH (n = 10) groups, as above described, and ovulation moment was evaluated 54, 66 and 78 h after IVD removal. In Exp 3, TAI was performed in ewes from eCG (n = 45) and GnRH (n = 40) groups using 100 × 106 motile spermatozoa from a pool of semen collected from four rams. In Exp. 1, based on P4 levels, we confirmed that all the ewes ovulated (29/29) and there was no significant effect of group (P = 0.89) or group x day (P = 0.18) on P4 concentration, being observed a significant effect of day (P = 0.0001). In Exp. 2, the maximum DF diameter (P = 0.26) and ovulation moment (P = 0.69) did not differ between groups. In Exp. 3, pregnancy rate was significantly lower (P = 0.02) in GnRH (22.5 %; 9/40) compared to eCG (46.7 %; 21/45). The results indicate that, although ovulation and luteal function were not altered after eCG, eCG+GnRH or GnRH treatment, GnRH alone before TAI cannot be used to replace eCG treatment during the breeding season.
{"title":"Is it possible to replace eCG by GnRH in the hormonal protocol for timed artificial insemination in ewes during the breeding season?","authors":"Gabriel Maggi , Otávio S. Pires , Sérgio F. Vargas Junior , Fernando C. Oliveira , Fabiane P. Moraes , Rogério Ferreira , Arnaldo D. Vieira , Monique T. Rovani , Paulo B.D. Gonçalves , Rafael G. Mondadori , Bernardo G. Gasperin","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hormonal protocols based on progestogens and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) are efficient for estrus and ovulation synchronization in ewes. Although eCG is indispensable during seasonal anestrus, it may not be necessary during the breeding season. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that GnRH is effective in replacing eCG during the breeding season allowing satisfactory ovulation rate, luteal function and conception rates after timed artificial insemination (TAI). Ewes (<em>n</em> = 134) with a minimum body condition score of 2.5 (0–5 scale) were treated with intravaginal devices (IVD) containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for seven days and received 0.26 mg of sodium cloprostenol at the time of IVD removal. In Exp. 1, at IVD removal, ewes (<em>n</em> = 29) were allocated to three groups: eCG (200 IU at IVD removal; <em>n</em> = 10); eCG+GnRH (200 IU eCG at IVD removal and 4 µg of buserelin 36 h later; <em>n</em> = 10); or GnRH (buserelin 36 h after IVD removal; <em>n</em> = 9). Blood samples were collected 2, 6 and 12 days after TAI moment (54 h after IVD removal), for progesterone (P4) analysis. In Exp 2, the ewes were allocated to eCG (<em>n</em> = 10) or GnRH (<em>n</em> = 10) groups, as above described, and ovulation moment was evaluated 54, 66 and 78 h after IVD removal. In Exp 3, TAI was performed in ewes from eCG (<em>n</em> = 45) and GnRH (<em>n</em> = 40) groups using 100 × 10<sup>6</sup> motile spermatozoa from a pool of semen collected from four rams. In Exp. 1, based on P4 levels, we confirmed that all the ewes ovulated (29/29) and there was no significant effect of group (<em>P</em> = 0.89) or group x day (<em>P</em> = 0.18) on P4 concentration, being observed a significant effect of day (<em>P</em> = 0.0001). In Exp. 2, the maximum DF diameter (<em>P</em> = 0.26) and ovulation moment (<em>P</em> = 0.69) did not differ between groups. In Exp. 3, pregnancy rate was significantly lower (<em>P</em> = 0.02) in GnRH (22.5 %; 9/40) compared to eCG (46.7 %; 21/45). The results indicate that, although ovulation and luteal function were not altered after eCG, eCG+GnRH or GnRH treatment, GnRH alone before TAI cannot be used to replace eCG treatment during the breeding season.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106878"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141990865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106877
Francesca Mercati , Gabriella Guelfi , José Ignacio Martí , Cecilia Dall'Aglio , Lucía Calleja , Domenico Caivano , Maria Luisa Marenzoni , Camilla Capaccia , Polina Anipchenko , Francesco Alessandro Palermo , Paolo Cocci , Mario Rende , Massimo Zerani , Margherita Maranesi
Nerve growth factor (NGF) has long been known as the main ovulation-inducing factor in induced ovulation species, however, recent studies suggested the NGF role also in those with spontaneous ovulation. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and gene expression of NGF and its cognate receptors, high-affinity neurotrophic tyrosine kinase 1 receptor (NTRK1) and low-affinity p75 nerve growth factor receptor (p75NTR), in the ram genital tract. Moreover, the annual trend of NGF seminal plasma values was investigated to evaluate the possible relationship between the NGF production variations and the ram reproductive seasonality. The presence and expression of the NGF/receptors system was evaluated in the testis, epididymis, vas deferens ampullae, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands through immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR (qPCR), respectively. Genital tract samples were collected from 5 adult rams, regularly slaughtered at a local abattoir. Semen was collected during the whole year weekly, from 5 different adult rams, reared in a breeding facility, with an artificial vagina. NGF seminal plasma values were assessed through the ELISA method. NGF, NTRK1 and p75NTR immunoreactivity was detected in all male organs examined. NGF-positive immunostaining was observed in the spermatozoa of the germinal epithelium, in the epididymis and the cells of the secretory epithelium of annexed glands, NTRK1 receptor showed a localization pattern like that of NGF, whereas p75NTR immunopositivity was localized in the nerve fibers and ganglia. NGF gene transcript was highest (p < 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (p < 0.01) in the testis than in the other tissues. NTRK1 gene transcript was highest (p < 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (p < 0.05) in all the other tissues examined. Gene expression of p75NTR was highest (p < 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (p < 0.01) in the testis and bulbourethral glands. NGF seminal plasma concentration was greater from January to May (p < 0.01) than in the other months. This study highlighted that the NGF system was expressed in the tissues of all the different genital tracts examined, confirming the role of NGF in ram reproduction. Sheep are short-day breeders, with an anestrus that corresponds to the highest seminal plasma NGF levels, thus suggesting the intriguing idea that this factor could participate in an inhibitory mechanism of male reproductive activity, activated during the female anestrus.
{"title":"Seasonal variation of NGF in seminal plasma and expression of NGF and its cognate receptors NTRK1 and p75NTR in the sex organs of rams","authors":"Francesca Mercati , Gabriella Guelfi , José Ignacio Martí , Cecilia Dall'Aglio , Lucía Calleja , Domenico Caivano , Maria Luisa Marenzoni , Camilla Capaccia , Polina Anipchenko , Francesco Alessandro Palermo , Paolo Cocci , Mario Rende , Massimo Zerani , Margherita Maranesi","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nerve growth factor (NGF) has long been known as the main ovulation-inducing factor in induced ovulation species, however, recent studies suggested the NGF role also in those with spontaneous ovulation. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and gene expression of NGF and its cognate receptors, high-affinity neurotrophic tyrosine kinase 1 receptor (NTRK1) and low-affinity p75 nerve growth factor receptor (p75NTR), in the ram genital tract. Moreover, the annual trend of NGF seminal plasma values was investigated to evaluate the possible relationship between the NGF production variations and the ram reproductive seasonality. The presence and expression of the NGF/receptors system was evaluated in the testis, epididymis, vas deferens ampullae, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands through immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR (qPCR), respectively. Genital tract samples were collected from 5 adult rams, regularly slaughtered at a local abattoir. Semen was collected during the whole year weekly, from 5 different adult rams, reared in a breeding facility, with an artificial vagina. NGF seminal plasma values were assessed through the ELISA method. NGF, NTRK1 and p75NTR immunoreactivity was detected in all male organs examined. NGF-positive immunostaining was observed in the spermatozoa of the germinal epithelium, in the epididymis and the cells of the secretory epithelium of annexed glands, NTRK1 receptor showed a localization pattern like that of NGF, whereas p75NTR immunopositivity was localized in the nerve fibers and ganglia. NGF gene transcript was highest (<em>p <</em> 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (<em>p <</em> 0.01) in the testis than in the other tissues. NTRK1 gene transcript was highest (<em>p <</em> 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (<em>p <</em> 0.05) in all the other tissues examined. Gene expression of p75NTR was highest (<em>p <</em> 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (<em>p <</em> 0.01) in the testis and bulbourethral glands. NGF seminal plasma concentration was greater from January to May (<em>p <</em> 0.01) than in the other months. This study highlighted that the NGF system was expressed in the tissues of all the different genital tracts examined, confirming the role of NGF in ram reproduction. Sheep are short-day breeders, with an anestrus that corresponds to the highest seminal plasma NGF levels, thus suggesting the intriguing idea that this factor could participate in an inhibitory mechanism of male reproductive activity, activated during the female anestrus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106877"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724024000407/pdfft?md5=cc2af91e236290d3af10d9ffa9be3226&pid=1-s2.0-S0739724024000407-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106876
Bajram Berisha , Granit Thaqi , Dieter Schams , Daniela Rodler , Fred Sinowatz , Michael W. Pfaffl
The objective of the study was to characterize the mRNA expression patterns of specific steroid hormone receptors namely, estrogen receptors (ESRRA—estrogen related receptor alpha and ESRRB—estrogen related receptor beta) and progesterone receptors (PGR) in superovulation-induced bovine follicles during the periovulation and subsequent corpus luteum (CL) formation. The bovine ovaries (n = 5 cow / group), containing preovulatory follicles or early CL, were collected relative to injection of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at (I) 0 h, (II) 4 h, (III) 10 h, (IV) 20 h, (V) 25 h (preovulatory follicles) and (VI) 60 h (CL, 2–3 days after induced ovulation). In this experiment, we analyzed the steroid receptor mRNA expression and their localization in the follicle and CL tissue. The high mRNA expression of ESRRA, ESRRB, and PGR analyzed in the follicles before ovulation is significantly reduced in the group of follicles during ovulation (25 h after GnRH), rising again significantly after ovulation in newly formed CL, only for ESRRA and PGR (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemically, the nuclei of antral follicles' granulosa cells showed a positive staining for ESRRA, followed by higher activity in the large luteal cells just after ovulation (early CL). In contrast, the lower PGR immunopresence in preovulatory follicles increased in both small and large luteal cell nuclei after follicle ovulation. Our results of steroid receptor mRNA expression in this experimentally induced gonadotropin surge provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of the effects of steroid hormones on follicular–luteal tissue in the period close to the ovulation and subsequent CL formation in the cow.
{"title":"Effect of the gonadotropin surge on steroid receptor regulation in preovulatory follicles and newly formed corpora lutea in the cow","authors":"Bajram Berisha , Granit Thaqi , Dieter Schams , Daniela Rodler , Fred Sinowatz , Michael W. Pfaffl","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the study was to characterize the <em>mRNA</em> expression patterns of specific steroid hormone receptors namely, estrogen receptors (ESRRA—estrogen related receptor alpha and ESRRB—estrogen related receptor beta) and progesterone receptors (PGR) in superovulation-induced bovine follicles during the periovulation and subsequent corpus luteum (CL) formation. The bovine ovaries (<em>n</em> = 5 cow / group), containing preovulatory follicles or early CL, were collected relative to injection of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at (I) 0 h, (II) 4 h, (III) 10 h, (IV) 20 h, (V) 25 h (preovulatory follicles) and (VI) 60 h (CL, 2–3 days after induced ovulation). In this experiment, we analyzed the steroid receptor <em>mRNA</em> expression and their localization in the follicle and CL tissue. The high <em>mRNA</em> expression of ESRRA, ESRRB, and PGR analyzed in the follicles before ovulation is significantly reduced in the group of follicles during ovulation (25 h after GnRH), rising again significantly after ovulation in newly formed CL, only for ESRRA and PGR (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Immunohistochemically, the nuclei of antral follicles' granulosa cells showed a positive staining for ESRRA, followed by higher activity in the large luteal cells just after ovulation (early CL). In contrast, the lower PGR immunopresence in preovulatory follicles increased in both small and large luteal cell nuclei after follicle ovulation. Our results of steroid receptor <em>mRNA</em> expression in this experimentally induced gonadotropin surge provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of the effects of steroid hormones on follicular–luteal tissue in the period close to the ovulation and subsequent CL formation in the cow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 106876"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739724024000390/pdfft?md5=260990baf41237f6419df69e0d15c6c8&pid=1-s2.0-S0739724024000390-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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