Domestic animal endocrinology最新文献_第2页

Backfat thickness at first insemination as a determinant of endocrine regulation of appetite during the gestation–lactation transition in primiparous gilt 初次授精时背膘厚度对初产后备母猪妊娠-哺乳期内分泌调节食欲的影响。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2026.106997

Rosa E. Pérez , Gerardo Ordaz , Manuel López , Ruy Ortiz

The gestation–lactation transition involves high metabolic demand, and backfat thickness (BFT) better reflects adiposity and endocrine function than body weight (BW). This study evaluated the relationships between body condition indicators (BFT and BW), daily feed intake (DFI), and metabolic and endocrine markers during the gestation–lactation transition in primiparous gilts. Metabolic and endocrine indicators of energy balance were assessed, and their associations with body condition and feed intake were analyzed using correlation analyses and regression models. Sows with greater BFT at first insemination exhibited lower DFI during lactation (3.1 vs. 4.2 kg; P < 0.05) compared with sows with lower BFT. At farrowing, these sows showed higher leptin concentrations (3.2 vs. 2.1 ng/mL; P < 0.01) and higher HOMA-IR values (5.5 vs. 3.6; P < 0.05), whereas ghrelin concentrations were lower (246.9 vs. 305.0 pg/mL; P < 0.05). In contrast, classification by BW had no significant effects on DFI or on the main endocrine indicators during lactation. BFT showed stronger associations with DFI (r = −0.47; P < 0.01) and leptin (r = 0.58; P < 0.001) than BW. Partial correlation analyses indicated that the DFI–leptin and DFI–ghrelin associations remained significant after adjustment for BFT, but not after adjustment for BW. Regression models confirmed a greater predictive capacity of BFT than BW for DFI during lactation. These results indicate that BFT is a physiologically more informative indicator than BW for assessing metabolic status and endocrine regulation of appetite during the gestation–lactation transition in primiparous gilts.

妊娠-泌乳过渡期代谢需求较高，背膘厚度（BFT）比体重（BW）更能反映脂肪和内分泌功能。本研究评价了初产母猪妊娠-泌乳期体况指标（BFT和BW）、日采食量（DFI）以及代谢和内分泌指标之间的关系。评估能量平衡代谢和内分泌指标，并利用相关分析和回归模型分析其与体况和采食量的关系。首次授精时膘厚较高的母猪与膘厚较低的母猪相比，泌乳时的DFI较低（3.1比4.2 kg, P < 0.05）。分娩时，这些母猪瘦素浓度较高（3.2 vs. 2.1 ng/mL, P < 0.01）， HOMA-IR值较高（5.5 vs. 3.6, P < 0.05），而生长素浓度较低（246.9 vs. 305.0 pg/mL, P < 0.05）。相比之下，体重分级对哺乳期DFI及主要内分泌指标无显著影响。与体重相比，体重与DFI （r = -0.47, P < 0.01）和瘦素（r = 0.58, P < 0.001）的相关性更强。偏相关分析表明，调整BFT后DFI-leptin和DFI-ghrelin的相关性仍然显著，但调整体重后则不显著。回归模型证实，哺乳期BFT比BW对DFI的预测能力更强。这些结果表明，在评估初产后备母猪妊娠-泌乳期代谢状态和食欲内分泌调节方面，体重是一个比体重更有生理学意义的指标。

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引用次数: 0

Pancreatic islet remodeling in horses with hyperinsulinemia and pituitary dysfunction 高胰岛素血症和垂体功能障碍马的胰岛重塑。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2026.106998

P. Teague, M. Dark, D. Verdugo, D. Freeman, D. McFarlane

The equine pancreas remains understudied, particularly in the context of endocrine disease. This study aimed to characterize regional islet distribution and composition in the normal equine pancreas and investigate how hyperinsulinemia (HI) and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) influence pancreatic islet morphology and hormone expression. In the first experiment, pancreas samples from eight healthy horses were collected and analyzed across three anatomical locations: left lobe, body, and right lobe. The left lobe exhibited a greater relative islet area and perimeter compared to the body and right lobe, though islet composition remained consistent with a similarly proportional alpha-cell core, beta-cell mantle, and scattered delta-cells. In the second experiment, pancreas tissues from thirty-five horses with defined endocrine disease status were evaluated. HI was associated with larger islets and greater insulin immunostaining, while PPID was associated with increased islet number without changes in islet size or insulin immunostaining, suggesting divergent disease-specific adaptations. Findings support the hypothesis that HI drives islet expansion as a compensatory response to insulin resistance, whereas PPID promotes islet neogenesis. The observed increase in islet number in PPID horses may reflect a previously unrecognized mechanism influenced by chronic endocrine stimulation. These results established foundational knowledge of normal equine islet architecture and highlight the dynamic adaptability of the endocrine pancreas in response to metabolic and pituitary disorders.

马的胰腺仍未得到充分的研究，特别是在内分泌疾病的背景下。本研究旨在描述正常马胰腺的区域胰岛分布和组成，并探讨高胰岛素血症（HI）和垂体部中间功能障碍（PPID）如何影响胰岛形态和激素表达。在第一个实验中，收集了8匹健康马的胰腺样本，并在三个解剖位置进行了分析：左叶、身体和右叶。与身体和右叶相比，左叶胰岛的相对面积和周长更大，尽管胰岛的组成与α细胞核心、β细胞套和分散的δ细胞的比例保持一致。在第二个实验中，对35匹确定内分泌疾病状态的马的胰腺组织进行了评估。HI与更大的胰岛和更高的胰岛素免疫染色有关，而PPID与胰岛数量增加有关，但胰岛大小或胰岛素免疫染色没有变化，表明不同的疾病特异性适应。研究结果支持HI驱动胰岛扩张作为胰岛素抵抗的代偿反应的假设，而PPID促进胰岛新生。观察到的PPID马胰岛数量的增加可能反映了一种以前未被认识到的受慢性内分泌刺激影响的机制。这些结果建立了正常马胰岛结构的基础知识，并强调了内分泌胰腺对代谢和垂体疾病的动态适应性。

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引用次数: 0

Carbetocin - a long-acting oxytocin analogue - increases the blood supply to the reproductive tract of rams 催产素是一种长效的催产素类似物，能增加公羊生殖道的血液供应。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2026.107001

Mariana Garcia Kako Rodriguez , Juan Pedro Bottino , Rodolfo Ungerfeld

The aim of this study was to determine whether carbetocin administration alters blood flow in the reproductive tract and scrotal skin surface temperature of rams. Eight rams were evaluated in a crossover arrangement, in which each animal received a standard (0.2 mg/100 kg; STAC) or high (0.4 mg/100 kg; HIGHC) dose of carbetocin, or no treatment (CON). Each animal received all treatments. Hemodynamic characteristics of the male reproductive tract were assessed using spectral Doppler ultrasonography, and scrotal surface temperatures were recorded by infrared thermography at 0, 30, and 120 min after cabertocin administration. Thirty minutes after treatment, the resistive index (RI) of the internal iliac artery was lower in STAC than in CON (P=0.008) and HIGHC (P=0.02) treated rams. Carbetocin or its interaction with time did not affect blood flow in the marginal or supratesticular arteries or the scrotal surface temperatures. In conclusion, the standard dose of carbetocin transiently reduced internal iliac artery RI, resulting in a temporary increase in blood flow to the accessory sex glands, without altering scrotal skin temperature in rams.

本研究的目的是确定卡贝菌素是否会改变公羊生殖道血流量和阴囊皮肤表面温度。8只公羊以交叉方式进行评估，每只动物接受标准剂量（0.2 mg/100 kg； STAC）或高剂量（0.4 mg/100 kg； HIGHC）的卡霉素，或不接受治疗（CON）。每只动物都接受了所有的治疗。应用多普勒超声评估男性生殖道血流动力学特征，应用红外热像仪记录卡贝霉素给药后0、30、120 min阴囊表面温度。治疗30 min后，STAC组的髂内动脉阻力指数（RI）低于CON组（P=0.008）和HIGHC组（P=0.02）。卡贝菌素或其与时间的相互作用不影响睾丸边缘动脉或睾丸上动脉的血流或阴囊表面温度。综上所述，标准剂量的卡贝菌素短暂地降低了公羊的髂内动脉RI，导致流向副性腺的血流量暂时增加，而不改变阴囊皮肤温度。

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引用次数: 0

Differential profiles of GH, IGF-1, and fructosamine in follicular fluid and plasma of cyclic mares 周期母马卵泡液和血浆中GH、IGF-1和果糖胺的差异谱。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2026.107000

Katiuska Satué , Esterina Fazio , Maria Gemma Velasco-Martínez , Giuliana Barbiera , Deborah La Fauci

Growth hormone (GH) influences follicular development mainly by stimulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which acts systemically and locally within the ovary. However, the metabolic profile of follicular fluid (FF) in mares, particularly markers such as fructosamine (FRUCT), an indicator of glucose metabolism, remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to evaluate GH, IGF-1, and FRUCT concentrations in plasma and FF and their variation across follicle sizes. Sixty ovaries were collected during the breeding season from 30 clinically normal mares raised for meat production. Blood samples were obtained prior to slaughter. Follicles were classified as small (20–30 mm), medium (31–40 mm), and large (≥41 mm), and FF was aspirated individually. GH was measured by enzyme immunoassay, IGF-1 by ELISA, and FRUCT by spectrophotometry. GH concentrations did not differ significantly between plasma and FF across follicle sizes. IGF-1 remained low in small and medium follicles but increased in large preovulatory follicles (p < 0.05). FRUCT concentrations in FF progressively rose with follicular development and were higher than plasma values (p < 0.05). IGF-1 and FRUCT were positively correlated (r = 0.65; p < 0.05). These findings suggest that IGF-1 plays a role in final follicular maturation, while FRUCT accumulation reflects enhanced local carbohydrate metabolism during follicular growth. Moreover, the positive correlation between IGF-1 and FRUCT indicates a potential link between metabolic activity and growth signaling within the follicular microenvironment.

生长激素（GH）主要通过刺激胰岛素样生长因子1 （IGF-1）来影响卵泡发育，IGF-1在卵巢内起全身和局部作用。然而，母马卵泡液（FF）的代谢谱，特别是果糖胺（fructose）等标志物（葡萄糖代谢指标）的特征仍然很差。本研究旨在评估GH、IGF-1和果糖在血浆和FF中的浓度及其随卵泡大小的变化。在繁殖季节采集了30匹临床正常的肉用母马的60个卵巢。屠宰前采集血液样本。将卵泡分为小（20-30 mm）、中（31-40 mm）、大（≥41 mm），分别抽吸FF。酶免疫法测定生长激素，ELISA法测定IGF-1，分光光度法测定果糖。GH浓度在不同卵泡大小的血浆和FF之间没有显著差异。小、中卵泡IGF-1低，大卵泡IGF-1增高（p < 0.05）。FF中果糖浓度随卵泡发育逐渐升高，且高于血浆水平（p < 0.05）。IGF-1与FRUCT呈正相关（r = 0.65; p < 0.05）。这些发现表明，IGF-1在最终卵泡成熟中发挥作用，而果糖积累反映了卵泡生长过程中局部碳水化合物代谢的增强。此外，IGF-1和果糖之间的正相关表明卵泡微环境中代谢活性和生长信号之间存在潜在联系。

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引用次数: 0

Threshold dose of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-glycosides on mineral metabolism and circulating serotonin and dopamine in bovines 1,25-二羟基胆钙化醇苷对牛矿物质代谢及循环血清素和多巴胺的影响

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106963

Douglas M. Souza , Maximiliane A. Zambom , Ryana C. Markmann , Brenda Souza , Tamires M. Schuster , Kathrin Bühler , Ériton E.L. Valente

Plant-derived 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides modulate calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) metabolism, but the safety of sustained oral supplementation in cattle remains unclear. The objective of this study was to establish a safe upper limit for dietary supplementation of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides in steers and to assess its impact on mineral and neurotransmitters metabolism. Six Holstein steers (452 ± 61.5 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin Square design. Treatments consisted of oral administration of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides at doses of 0, 0.2, and 0.4 µg/kg body weight (BW) for five consecutive days. Blood samples were collected prior to the initiation of treatment, as well as immediately before (0 h) and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 hours following the final dose on day 5. The serum Ca remained (P < 0.001) elevated up to 72 h and 96 h following the final administration of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycoside at doses of 0.2 µg/kg BW and 0.4 µg/kg BW, respectively. In contrast, serum P concentrations remained significantly elevated (P = 0.001) for more than 168 hours post-treatment, regardless of the administered dose. No significant effects were observed on serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (P = 0.298), parathyroid hormone (PTH; P = 0.183) concentrations, or circulating serotonin (P = 0.428) and dopamine (P = 0.846). Additionally, no clinical signs consistent with vitamin D intoxication were observed. Oral supplementation with 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides at doses up to 0.4 µg/kg BW for 5 days induces a sustained elevation in serum Ca and P concentrations, more evidently at higher dosages, without altering serum concentration of ALP, PTH, serotonin or dopamine indicating that 0.4 µg/kg BW dosage might be close to the upper threshold of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides in cattle while 0.2 µg/kg BW can be considered as safe.

植物源性的1,25(OH) 2d3 -糖苷可以调节钙（Ca）和磷(P)的代谢，但在牛体内持续口服补充的安全性尚不清楚。本研究的目的是建立牛膳食补充125 (OH) 2d3 -糖苷的安全上限，并评估其对矿物质和神经递质代谢的影响。6头荷斯坦阉牛（452±61.5 kg）采用3 × 3拉丁广场重复设计。治疗方法为连续5天口服1,25(OH) 2d3 -糖苷，剂量分别为0、0.2和0.4µg/kg体重（BW）。在开始治疗前、治疗前（0小时）以及第5天给药后3、6、12、24、48、72、96和168小时采集血样。在最后给药剂量分别为0.2µg/kg BW和0.4µg/kg BW的125 (OH) 2d3 -糖苷后72 h和96 h，血清Ca保持升高（P < 0.001）。相比之下，无论给药剂量如何，血清P浓度在治疗后168小时内仍显著升高（P = 0.001）。血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性（P = 0.298）、甲状旁腺激素（PTH）浓度（P = 0.183）、循环血清素（P = 0.428）和多巴胺（P = 0.846）均无显著影响。此外，没有观察到与维生素D中毒相符的临床症状。以0.4µg/kg体重口服添加1,25(OH) 2d3 -苷5天，可诱导血清Ca和P浓度持续升高，且剂量越高，血清ALP、PTH、5 -羟色胺和多巴胺浓度未发生变化，说明0.4µg/kg体重的剂量可能接近牛体内1,25(OH) 2d3 -苷的上限，而0.2µg/kg体重的剂量可被认为是安全的。

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引用次数: 0

The transcriptome of the ovine choroid plexus is regulated by thyroid hormone but not by photoperiod 羊脉络膜丛的转录组受甲状腺激素的调节，而不受光周期的调节

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106975

H. Dardente , D. Lomet , O. Lasserre , A.A. Gonzalez , X. Mialhe , J. Cognié

The photoperiodic control of seasonal functions requires the action of melatonin at the pars tuberalis of the pituitary and subsequent control of local thyroid hormone (TH) signaling by tanycytes lining the basolateral part of the third ventricle. Therefore, TH supply of tanycytes through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced by the choroid plexuses (CP) is central to photoperiodism. Here, the transcriptome of the CP of the lateral ventricles was established by RNAseq in ewes maintained under three experimental conditions: ewes exposed to a short photoperiod (SP; 8.5 h of light), intact ewes submitted to an acute 3-week exposure to a long photoperiod (LP-Sham; 15.5 h of light) and ewes thyroidectomized prior to the LP exposure (LP-THX). Photoperiod impacted the expression of 1169 genes (SP vs LP-Sham) while 575 genes were sensitive to TH (LP vs LP-THX). Compared to TH-responsive genes, photoperiod-responsive genes displayed rather weak transcriptional changes. In line with this, RT-qPCR for select candidate genes validated the impact of TH, but not that of photoperiod. We demonstrate weak expression of the melatonin MT1 receptor in the CP, which provides a functional rationale for this. In conclusion, the CP appears as a permissive tissue to the expression of TH-dependent seasonality governed by tanycytes rather than being an integral component of the melatonin-dependent photoperiodic response.

季节性功能的光周期控制需要褪黑素在垂体结节部的作用，以及随后通过第三脑室基底外侧的伸长细胞控制局部甲状腺激素（TH）信号。因此，通过脉络膜丛（CP）产生的脑脊液（CSF）向伸长细胞供应TH是光周期病的核心。在三种实验条件下：短光周期暴露的母羊（SP； 8.5 h的光），完整的母羊在3周的长光周期暴露（LP- sham； 15.5 h的光），以及在LP暴露前切除甲状腺的母羊（LP- thx），通过RNAseq建立了侧脑室CP的转录组。光周期影响1169个基因（SP vs LP- sham）的表达，575个基因对TH敏感（LP vs LP- thx）。与促甲状腺素应答基因相比，光周期应答基因表现出较弱的转录变化。与此相一致的是，对选择的候选基因的RT-qPCR验证了TH的影响，而不是光周期的影响。我们证明褪黑激素MT1受体在CP中的弱表达，这为这提供了功能上的基本原理。总之，CP似乎是一个允许组织表达由伸长细胞控制的th依赖性季节性，而不是褪黑激素依赖性光周期反应的一个组成部分。

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引用次数: 0

Immunogenicity of recombinant gonadotropin-releasing hormone contraceptive vaccines in male pigs 重组促性腺激素释放激素避孕疫苗在猪体内的免疫原性

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106979

Jean Vitor Bondavalli , Monike Willemin Quirino , Neida Conrad , Vanessa Peripolli , Elizabeth Schwegler , Matheus Folgearini Silveira , Yuso Tutida , Bernardo Garziera Gasperin , Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite , Ivan Bianchi , Fabiana Moreira

This study assessed the contraceptive effects of two vaccines formulated with recombinant gonadotropin-releasing hormone antigen (rGnRH antigen) conjugated with the heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) protein from Escherichia coli in male pigs. Thirty-two piglets were assigned to four groups: Surg, surgically castrated at 3 days old; Vvx, non-castrated and vaccinated with a commercial vaccine (Vivax®) at 101 and 135 days old; rGnRH-400 and rGnRH-300, non-castrated and vaccinated at 101 and 135 days old with recombinant vaccines containing 400 µg or 300 µg rGnRH/LTB per dose, respectively. Growth performance was not affected by treatment (p ≥ 0.25). At 155 and 165 days old, piglets in the rGnRH-400 and rGnRH-300 groups exhibited anti-GnRH/LTB antibody levels were similar to those in the Vvx group (p > 0.05) or higher (p < 0.05) than those in the Vvx group. However, rGnRH-400 and rGnRH-300 piglets showed higher testosterone concentrations at 155 and 165 days old and greater testicular volumes at 165 days old than Vvx piglets (p < 0.05). Severe testicular lesions (scores 3 and 4) were more frequent in the Vvx group, while those in the rGnRH-400 group were mainly scored as 3, and only mild lesions (scores 1 and 2) were observed in the rGnRH-300 group. Overall, both recombinant vaccines elicited strong anti-GnRH/LTB antibody levels; however, they did not produce the same degree of testicular alterations or testosterone reduction as the commercial vaccine. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the contraceptive potential of these recombinant formulations, particularly the 400 µg rGnRH/LTB vaccine.

本研究评估了两种由重组促性腺激素释放激素抗原（rGnRH抗原）结合大肠杆菌热不稳定肠毒素B亚基（LTB）蛋白配制的疫苗对雄性猪的避孕效果。将32头仔猪分为4组：手术组，即3日龄手术阉割组；Vvx，未阉割，在101和135天大时接种了商业疫苗（Vivax®）；rGnRH-400和rGnRH-300，未阉割，分别在101和135天龄时接种每剂量含有400µg或300µg rGnRH/LTB的重组疫苗。生长性能不受处理影响（p≥0.25）。155和165日龄时，rGnRH-400和rGnRH-300组仔猪抗gnrh /LTB抗体水平与Vvx组相近（p > 0.05）或高于Vvx组（p < 0.05）。而rGnRH-400和rGnRH-300仔猪在155和165日龄时睾酮浓度和睾丸体积均高于Vvx仔猪（p < 0.05）。重度睾丸病变（3分和4分）在Vvx组多见，rGnRH-400组以3分为主，rGnRH-300组仅出现轻度病变（1分和2分）。总的来说，这两种重组疫苗都激发了很强的抗gnrh /LTB抗体水平；然而，它们并没有产生与商业疫苗相同程度的睾丸改变或睾丸激素减少。需要进一步的研究来评估这些重组制剂的避孕潜力，特别是400µg的rGnRH/LTB疫苗。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of protein-bound iron supplementation on reproductive performance of sows and growth performance of piglets 添加蛋白结合铁对母猪繁殖性能和仔猪生长性能的影响

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106978

Hongxuan Ye , Junyi Wu , Xuexun Feng , Qiling Chen , Zihao Huang , Bin Su , Songfeng Yang , Lili Wang , Hefeng Luo , Chengquan Tan

Iron is an essential nutrient for maternal health and fetal development. 65 multiparous sows were used to determine the effects of maternal protein-bound iron (P-Iron) supplementation on reproductive performance of sows and growth of their offspring. Sows received either the farm’s control diet (total iron 180 mg/kg, including 80 mg/kg as ferrous sulfate; n = 32) or the same diet plus 120 mg Fe/kg as protein-bound iron (P-Iron; n = 33) from gestation day 85 to lactation day 21. The results showed that, relative to the control (CON), sows in the P-Iron group had higher hemoglobin at gestation day 110 and at farrowing (both P < 0.05), and the P-Iron group exhibited improved antioxidant status, with lower serum malondialdehyde at farrowing (P < 0.01), higher total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05), and a trend toward higher glutathione (P = 0.08). Newborn piglets in the P-Iron group had higher hemoglobin concentration (P < 0.01). Reproductive performance in the P-Iron group showed a downward trend in mummified fetuses (P = 0.07). During lactation, colostrum and ordinary milk iron concentrations were higher in the P-Iron group than in CON (P < 0.05). At weaning, piglets from the P-Iron group had higher serum iron and iron saturation (both P < 0.05) and higher IgA levels (P < 0.05). Litters in the P-Iron group also had greater weaning litter weights (P < 0.05), with a trend toward improved survival (P = 0.09).Overall, dietary supplementation with 120 mg/kg P-Iron enhanced iron transfer from sows to offspring, resulting in increased hemoglobin levels in sows and newborn piglets, improved oxidative stress status, elevated iron and IgA concentration in serum, and ultimately higher litter weaning and pre-weaning survival rate.

铁是母亲健康和胎儿发育的必需营养素。以65头产母母猪为试验对象，研究了添加蛋白结合铁（P-Iron）对母猪繁殖性能和子代生长的影响。母猪从妊娠第85天至泌乳第21天分别饲喂猪场对照饲粮（总铁180 mg/kg，其中80 mg/kg为硫酸亚铁，n = 32）或相同饲粮中添加120 mg/kg的蛋白结合铁（P-Iron, n = 33）。结果表明，与对照组相比，P-铁组母猪妊娠第110天和分娩时血红蛋白较高（P < 0.05）， P-铁组母猪抗氧化能力较好，分娩时血清丙二醛较低（P < 0.01），总抗氧化能力较高（P < 0.05），且有提高谷胱甘肽水平的趋势（P = 0.08）。P-铁组新生仔猪血红蛋白浓度较高（P < 0.01）。P-铁组胎儿的生殖性能呈下降趋势（P = 0.07）。泌乳期间，P铁组初乳铁和乳铁浓度均高于CON组（P < 0.05）。断奶时，磷铁组仔猪血清铁和铁饱和度较高（P < 0.05）， IgA水平较高（P < 0.05）。P-铁组仔猪断奶窝重显著增加（P < 0.05），存活率有提高的趋势（P = 0.09）。综上所述，饲粮中添加120 mg/kg磷铁可以促进铁从母猪到后代的传递，从而提高母猪和新生仔猪的血红蛋白水平，改善氧化应激状态，提高血清中铁和IgA浓度，最终提高仔猪断奶和断奶前存活率。

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引用次数: 0

Treatment with chorionic gonadotropins during lactation inhibits post-weaning estrus expression in sows 哺乳期间使用绒毛膜促性腺激素抑制母猪断奶后发情表达。

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106977

Arthur Martelli , Monike Willemin Quirino , Michele Dezordi Franz , Vanessa Peripolli , Fabiana Moreira , Bernardo Garziera Gasperin , Rafael da Rosa Ulguim , Vilceu Bordignon , Thomaz Lucia Jr , Ivan Bianchi

This study evaluated the efficiency of protocols using two different dosages of eCG and hCG administered during lactation to delay post-weaning estrus expression in sows. Sixty-two sows were selected on D-14 (D0 = weaning) and allocated to one of three treatments: Control (n = 20; saline administration on D-7 and D-4); 500 IU (n = 21; 500 IU eCG on D-7 and 500 IU hCG on D-4); and 1000 IU (n = 21; 1000 IU eCG on D-7 and 1000 IU hCG on D-4). Estrus detection was performed twice daily after weaning, and blood samples were collected on D-7, D-1, D+6, and D+13. On D+15, the sows were slaughtered for ovarian evaluation. The percentage of sows detected in estrus post-weaning was greater in the Control group (90.0%) compared to the 500 IU (23.8%) and 1000 IU (9.5%) groups (P < 0.01). The proportion of sows with corpus hemorrhagicum and/or corpus luteum and the total number of corpora lutea at slaughter were similar among treatments (P ≥ 0.41). On D+6, serum progesterone (P4) concentration was lower in the Control group than those in the 500 IU and 1000 IU groups (P < 0.01). Administration of 500 or 1000 IU of eCG and hCG during lactation effectively induced the formation of corpora lutea and sustained high serum P4 levels for at least 13 d post-weaning, thereby inhibiting estrus expression in 76 to 90 % of treated sows.

本研究评估了在哺乳期间使用两种不同剂量的eCG和hCG延迟母猪断奶后发情表达的方案的效率。在D-14日（D0 =断奶）选取62头母猪，分为3组：对照组（n = 20， D-7和D-4给予生理盐水）；500iu (n = 21， D-7心电图500iu， D-4 hCG 500iu)；1000 IU （n = 21； D-7心电图1000 IU， D-4 hCG 1000 IU）。断奶后每日2次进行发情检测，于D-7、D-1、D+6、D+13采集血样。D+15屠宰母猪进行卵巢评价。断奶后母猪发情检出率，对照组（90.0%）高于500 IU组（23.8%）和1000 IU组（9.5%）（P < 0.01）。屠宰时出现出血体和（或）黄体的母猪比例和黄体总数在各处理间无显著差异（P≥0.41）。D+6时，对照组血清孕酮（P4）浓度低于500、1000 IU组（P < 0.01）。哺乳期间给予500或1000 IU eCG和hCG可有效诱导黄体的形成，并在断奶后至少13 d内维持高血清P4水平，从而抑制76 - 90%的处理母猪的发情表达。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of experimentally induced LH surge on local regulation of apelin/APJ in follicle during ovulation and corpus luteum formation in the cow 实验诱导的黄体生成素激增对奶牛排卵期卵泡apelin/APJ局部调控和黄体形成的影响

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Domestic animal endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106976

Bajram Berisha , Michael W. Pfaffl , Granit Thaqi

The purpose of the study was to characterize the expression patterns of apelin and its receptor APJ (apelin/APJ) in superovulation induced follicles and corpus luteum (CL) tissue in the cow. Ovaries containing different classes of preovulatory follicles and early CL were timely defined during GnRH (gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone) induced superovulation as follows: Before GnRH application, follicles group I: 0 h (control group) and after GnRH; group II: 4 h (corresponds to LH peak); group III:10 h; group IV: 20 h; group V: 25 h (corresponds close to ovulation) and group VI: 60 h (after ovulation - early CL). This experiment has made it possible for the direct comparison of the apelin/APJ system members in follicle tissue (theca interna plus granulosa cells) of periovulatory follicle groups with the subsequent CL tissue after ovulation (early CL, day 2-3). Relative gene expression levels were measured by RT-qPCR. The low level of apelin mRNA in the follicle group before the GnRH application (Group I), remained unchanged even in the follicle group II and III (4 h and 10 h after GnRH respectively). Apelin expression levels increased significantly by only 20 h after GnRH (group IV follicles: just before ovulation), remaining high during follicle ovulation (Group V: 20 h) and after ovulation (Group VI: early CL). In contrast, the low APJ mRNA level increased significantly in follicle group II (during LH peak) remaining high in all follicle groups before ovulation, as well as after ovulation (early CL). Our results indicate the possible involvement of apelin system (apelin/APJ) as a possible key regulator in the local mechanisms supporting final follicle maturation and ovulation, as well as the follicular-luteal transition and CL formation in cows.

本研究的目的是研究apelin及其受体APJ （apelin/APJ）在奶牛超排卵诱导卵泡和黄体（CL）组织中的表达规律。在GnRH（促性腺激素释放激素）诱导的超排卵过程中及时定义卵巢中含有不同类型的排卵前卵泡和早期CL：应用GnRH前，卵泡组I: 0 h（对照组）和GnRH后；II组：4h（对应LH峰）；第三组：10 h；IV组：20 h；V组：25 h（接近排卵期），VI组：60 h（排卵期后-早期CL）。本实验使排卵周卵泡组卵泡组织（内膜加颗粒细胞）中apelin/APJ系统成员与排卵后（卵泡早期，第2-3天）的CL组织进行直接比较成为可能。RT-qPCR检测相关基因表达水平。在GnRH应用前的卵泡组（组I）中，低水平的apelin mRNA在卵泡组II和III（分别在GnRH应用后4小时和10小时）中保持不变。Apelin表达水平在GnRH后（IV组：排卵前）仅20小时显著升高，在卵泡排卵期（V组：20小时）和排卵后（VI组：CL早期）保持较高水平。相比之下，低apjmrna水平在卵泡II组（LH峰期间）显著升高，在排卵前和排卵后（CL早期）所有卵泡组均保持高水平。我们的研究结果表明，在奶牛最终卵泡成熟和排卵、卵泡-黄体转化和CL形成的局部机制中，apelin/APJ可能是一个关键的调节因子。

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引用次数: 0