Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106975
H. Dardente , D. Lomet , O. Lasserre , A.A. Gonzalez , X. Mialhe , J. Cognié
The photoperiodic control of seasonal functions requires the action of melatonin at the pars tuberalis of the pituitary and subsequent control of local thyroid hormone (TH) signaling by tanycytes lining the basolateral part of the third ventricle. Therefore, TH supply of tanycytes through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced by the choroid plexuses (CP) is central to photoperiodism. Here, the transcriptome of the CP of the lateral ventricles was established by RNAseq in ewes maintained under three experimental conditions: ewes exposed to a short photoperiod (SP; 8.5 h of light), intact ewes submitted to an acute 3-week exposure to a long photoperiod (LP-Sham; 15.5 h of light) and ewes thyroidectomized prior to the LP exposure (LP-THX). Photoperiod impacted the expression of 1169 genes (SP vs LP-Sham) while 575 genes were sensitive to TH (LP vs LP-THX). Compared to TH-responsive genes, photoperiod-responsive genes displayed rather weak transcriptional changes. In line with this, RT-qPCR for select candidate genes validated the impact of TH, but not that of photoperiod. We demonstrate weak expression of the melatonin MT1 receptor in the CP, which provides a functional rationale for this. In conclusion, the CP appears as a permissive tissue to the expression of TH-dependent seasonality governed by tanycytes rather than being an integral component of the melatonin-dependent photoperiodic response.
季节性功能的光周期控制需要褪黑素在垂体结节部的作用，以及随后通过第三脑室基底外侧的伸长细胞控制局部甲状腺激素（TH）信号。因此，通过脉络膜丛（CP）产生的脑脊液（CSF）向伸长细胞供应TH是光周期病的核心。在三种实验条件下：短光周期暴露的母羊（SP； 8.5 h的光），完整的母羊在3周的长光周期暴露（LP- sham； 15.5 h的光），以及在LP暴露前切除甲状腺的母羊（LP- thx），通过RNAseq建立了侧脑室CP的转录组。光周期影响1169个基因（SP vs LP- sham）的表达，575个基因对TH敏感（LP vs LP- thx）。与促甲状腺素应答基因相比，光周期应答基因表现出较弱的转录变化。与此相一致的是，对选择的候选基因的RT-qPCR验证了TH的影响，而不是光周期的影响。我们证明褪黑激素MT1受体在CP中的弱表达，这为这提供了功能上的基本原理。总之，CP似乎是一个允许组织表达由伸长细胞控制的th依赖性季节性，而不是褪黑激素依赖性光周期反应的一个组成部分。
{"title":"The transcriptome of the ovine choroid plexus is regulated by thyroid hormone but not by photoperiod","authors":"H. Dardente , D. Lomet , O. Lasserre , A.A. Gonzalez , X. Mialhe , J. Cognié","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The photoperiodic control of seasonal functions requires the action of melatonin at the <em>pars tuberalis</em> of the pituitary and subsequent control of local thyroid hormone (TH) signaling by tanycytes lining the basolateral part of the third ventricle. Therefore, TH supply of tanycytes through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced by the choroid plexuses (CP) is central to photoperiodism. Here, the transcriptome of the CP of the lateral ventricles was established by RNAseq in ewes maintained under three experimental conditions: ewes exposed to a short photoperiod (SP; 8.5 h of light), intact ewes submitted to an acute 3-week exposure to a long photoperiod (LP-Sham; 15.5 h of light) and ewes thyroidectomized prior to the LP exposure (LP-THX). Photoperiod impacted the expression of 1169 genes (SP vs LP-Sham) while 575 genes were sensitive to TH (LP vs LP-THX). Compared to TH-responsive genes, photoperiod-responsive genes displayed rather weak transcriptional changes. In line with this, RT-qPCR for select candidate genes validated the impact of TH, but not that of photoperiod. We demonstrate weak expression of the melatonin MT1 receptor in the CP, which provides a functional rationale for this. In conclusion, the CP appears as a permissive tissue to the expression of TH-dependent seasonality governed by tanycytes rather than being an integral component of the melatonin-dependent photoperiodic response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 106975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106963
Douglas M. Souza , Maximiliane A. Zambom , Ryana C. Markmann , Brenda Souza , Tamires M. Schuster , Kathrin Bühler , Ériton E.L. Valente
Plant-derived 1,25(OH)2D3-glycosides modulate calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) metabolism, but the safety of sustained oral supplementation in cattle remains unclear. The objective of this study was to establish a safe upper limit for dietary supplementation of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycosides in steers and to assess its impact on mineral and neurotransmitters metabolism. Six Holstein steers (452 ± 61.5 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin Square design. Treatments consisted of oral administration of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycosides at doses of 0, 0.2, and 0.4 µg/kg body weight (BW) for five consecutive days. Blood samples were collected prior to the initiation of treatment, as well as immediately before (0 h) and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 hours following the final dose on day 5. The serum Ca remained (P < 0.001) elevated up to 72 h and 96 h following the final administration of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside at doses of 0.2 µg/kg BW and 0.4 µg/kg BW, respectively. In contrast, serum P concentrations remained significantly elevated (P = 0.001) for more than 168 hours post-treatment, regardless of the administered dose. No significant effects were observed on serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (P = 0.298), parathyroid hormone (PTH; P = 0.183) concentrations, or circulating serotonin (P = 0.428) and dopamine (P = 0.846). Additionally, no clinical signs consistent with vitamin D intoxication were observed. Oral supplementation with 1,25(OH)2D3-glycosides at doses up to 0.4 µg/kg BW for 5 days induces a sustained elevation in serum Ca and P concentrations, more evidently at higher dosages, without altering serum concentration of ALP, PTH, serotonin or dopamine indicating that 0.4 µg/kg BW dosage might be close to the upper threshold of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycosides in cattle while 0.2 µg/kg BW can be considered as safe.
{"title":"Threshold dose of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-glycosides on mineral metabolism and circulating serotonin and dopamine in bovines","authors":"Douglas M. Souza , Maximiliane A. Zambom , Ryana C. Markmann , Brenda Souza , Tamires M. Schuster , Kathrin Bühler , Ériton E.L. Valente","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-derived 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>-glycosides modulate calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) metabolism, but the safety of sustained oral supplementation in cattle remains unclear. The objective of this study was to establish a safe upper limit for dietary supplementation of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>-glycosides in steers and to assess its impact on mineral and neurotransmitters metabolism. Six Holstein steers (452 ± 61.5 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin Square design. Treatments consisted of oral administration of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>-glycosides at doses of 0, 0.2, and 0.4 µg/kg body weight (BW) for five consecutive days. Blood samples were collected prior to the initiation of treatment, as well as immediately before (0 h) and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 hours following the final dose on day 5. The serum Ca remained (<em>P < 0.001</em>) elevated up to 72 h and 96 h following the final administration of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>-glycoside at doses of 0.2 µg/kg BW and 0.4 µg/kg BW, respectively. In contrast, serum P concentrations remained significantly elevated (<em>P = 0.001</em>) for more than 168 hours post-treatment, regardless of the administered dose. No significant effects were observed on serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (<em>P = 0.298</em>), parathyroid hormone (PTH; <em>P = 0.183</em>) concentrations, or circulating serotonin (<em>P = 0.428</em>) and dopamine (<em>P = 0.846</em>). Additionally, no clinical signs consistent with vitamin D intoxication were observed. Oral supplementation with 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>-glycosides at doses up to 0.4 µg/kg BW for 5 days induces a sustained elevation in serum Ca and P concentrations, more evidently at higher dosages, without altering serum concentration of ALP, PTH, serotonin or dopamine indicating that 0.4 µg/kg BW dosage might be close to the upper threshold of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>-glycosides in cattle while 0.2 µg/kg BW can be considered as safe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 106963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106962
Wenxiang Luo , Lisa B. Wiltbank-Chau , Hemanta K. Shrestha , Milo C. Wiltbank
Regulation of immune cells during luteolysis has been previously described, however inter- and intra-cellular pathways that mediate PGF2α induction of immune cells in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) have not been clearly defined. Real-time PCR was used to measure chemokine mRNA and Western blotting used to measure phosphorylation of signaling proteins after PGF2α treatment of early and mid-cycle CL and in similar-stage luteinized granulosa cells (LuGC). In Day 11 CL (with luteolytic capacity), PGF2α induced expression of CXCL8, CXCL2, CCL2, and CCL8 at 1 h after treatment and continued to stimulate the four chemokines at 10 h after treatment. In Day 4 CL (without luteolytic capacity), there was a less robust increase in chemokine mRNA at 1 h after PGF2α with no detectable effect at 10 h after PGF2α. In luteinized granulosa cells (LuGC), PGF2α induced a dramatic increase in mRNA for CXCL8 and CXCL2 with no change in mRNA for CCL2 and CCL8. In granulosa cells incubated for a similar time in conditions that did not induce luteinization, PGF2α did not alter transcription of any of these chemokines. In mature LuGC, treatment with PGF2α rapidly phosphorylated a key protein in the NFκB pathway, NFKBIA, and in the MAP kinase pathway, MAPK3, with no change in total amounts of these proteins. Moreover, in LuGC, induction by PGF2α of CXCL2 was inhibited by a PKC inhibitor and a NFκB pathway inhibitor. In addition, PGF2α-regulated phosphorylation of NFKBIA was blocked by the PKC inhibitor. In contrast, induction of CXCL8 by PGF2α was inhibited by a MAP kinase inhibitor. Thus, PGF2α induction of chemokines is closely related to luteolytic capacity. Further, two key chemokines, CXCL8 and CXCL2, seem to originate from large luteal cells through distinct signaling pathways that are activated by PGF2α.
免疫细胞在黄体溶解过程中的调节先前已被描述过，但是在牛黄体（CL）中介导PGF2α诱导免疫细胞的细胞间和细胞内途径尚未明确定义。Real-time PCR检测趋化因子mRNA， Western blotting检测PGF2α处理早期和中期CL及相似期黄体化颗粒细胞（LuGC）后信号蛋白磷酸化水平。在第11天（具有溶血能力），PGF2α在治疗后1小时诱导CXCL8、CXCL2、CCL2和CCL8的表达，并在治疗后10小时继续刺激这四种趋化因子。在第4天（没有溶血能力），趋化因子mRNA在PGF2α后1小时的增加不那么强劲，在PGF2α后10小时没有可检测到的影响。在黄体化颗粒细胞（LuGC）中，PGF2α诱导CXCL8和CXCL2 mRNA显著增加，而CCL2和CCL8 mRNA无变化。在不诱导黄体化的条件下，在颗粒细胞中孵育相同时间，PGF2α不改变任何这些趋化因子的转录。在成熟的LuGC中，PGF2α处理可以快速磷酸化NFκB通路中的关键蛋白NFKBIA和MAP激酶通路中的关键蛋白MAPK3，但这些蛋白的总量没有变化。此外，在LuGC中，PGF2α对CXCL2的诱导被PKC抑制剂和NFκB通路抑制剂抑制。此外，pgf2 α-调节的NFKBIA磷酸化被PKC抑制剂阻断。相比之下，PGF2α对CXCL8的诱导被MAP激酶抑制剂抑制。因此，PGF2α诱导趋化因子与溶血能力密切相关。此外，两个关键的趋化因子CXCL8和CXCL2似乎通过PGF2α激活的不同信号通路起源于大黄体细胞。
{"title":"Differential responsiveness and signaling pathways for prostaglandin F2a on chemokine mRNA in bovine corpus luteum and luteinized granulosa cells","authors":"Wenxiang Luo , Lisa B. Wiltbank-Chau , Hemanta K. Shrestha , Milo C. Wiltbank","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regulation of immune cells during luteolysis has been previously described, however inter- and intra-cellular pathways that mediate PGF<sub>2α</sub> induction of immune cells in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) have not been clearly defined. Real-time PCR was used to measure chemokine mRNA and Western blotting used to measure phosphorylation of signaling proteins after PGF<sub>2α</sub> treatment of early and mid-cycle CL and in similar-stage luteinized granulosa cells (LuGC). In Day 11 CL (with luteolytic capacity), PGF<sub>2α</sub> induced expression of <em>CXCL8, CXCL2, CCL2</em>, and <em>CCL8</em> at 1 h after treatment and continued to stimulate the four chemokines at 10 h after treatment. In Day 4 CL (without luteolytic capacity), there was a less robust increase in chemokine mRNA at 1 h after PGF<sub>2α</sub> with no detectable effect at 10 h after PGF<sub>2α</sub>. In luteinized granulosa cells (LuGC), PGF<sub>2α</sub> induced a dramatic increase in mRNA for <em>CXCL8</em> and <em>CXCL2</em> with no change in mRNA for <em>CCL2</em> and <em>CCL8</em>. In granulosa cells incubated for a similar time in conditions that did not induce luteinization, PGF<sub>2α</sub> did not alter transcription of any of these chemokines. In mature LuGC, treatment with PGF<sub>2α</sub> rapidly phosphorylated a key protein in the NFκB pathway, NFKBIA, and in the MAP kinase pathway, MAPK3, with no change in total amounts of these proteins. Moreover, in LuGC, induction by PGF<sub>2α</sub> of <em>CXCL2</em> was inhibited by a PKC inhibitor and a NFκB pathway inhibitor. In addition, PGF<sub>2α</sub>-regulated phosphorylation of NFKBIA was blocked by the PKC inhibitor. In contrast, induction of <em>CXCL8</em> by PGF<sub>2α</sub> was inhibited by a MAP kinase inhibitor. Thus, PGF<sub>2α</sub> induction of chemokines is closely related to luteolytic capacity. Further, two key chemokines, CXCL8 and CXCL2, seem to originate from large luteal cells through distinct signaling pathways that are activated by PGF<sub>2α</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-09DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106960
Miguel A. Velazquez
Leptin is primarily involved in energy homeostasis and has been implicated in fertility. Leptin- and leptin receptor-deficient mouse models have demonstrated that expression of leptin signalling in the central nervous system is essential for ovulation. However, evidence from ruminants and other species gathered from models with physiological leptin signalling suggests that modulation of leptin may not play a major role in the attainment of ovulation in post-pubertal individuals, despite influencing ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. In vitro studies indicate that leptin concentrations between 10 and 100 ng/ml may inconsistently enhance oocyte maturation across several species. However, most livestock studies report positive effects only at concentrations higher than those found in follicular fluid, raising questions about the physiological relevance of these findings. Similarly, in humans, leptin levels in follicular fluid show inconsistent correlations with oocyte maturation, further questioning the role of leptin in the completion of meiosis. In null mutant models of leptin or its receptor, leptin expression is required for pre-implantation development but does not appear to be essential for implantation. Furthermore, contradictory in vitro data on leptin-mediated effects during oocyte maturation and pre-implantation development across various species do not support an essential role of leptin in the ability of oocytes to form a blastocyst or in the progression of early embryos to the blastocyst stage. Overall, while the presence of leptin is crucial for ovulation and pre-implantation development, its modulation under physiological leptin signalling appears to have a minimal impact on blastocyst formation, suggesting a dispensable role in mammalian reproduction.
{"title":"The role of leptin in mammalian oocyte developmental competence and pre-implantation embryo development","authors":"Miguel A. Velazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leptin is primarily involved in energy homeostasis and has been implicated in fertility. Leptin- and leptin receptor-deficient mouse models have demonstrated that expression of leptin signalling in the central nervous system is essential for ovulation. However, evidence from ruminants and other species gathered from models with physiological leptin signalling suggests that modulation of leptin may not play a major role in the attainment of ovulation in post-pubertal individuals, despite influencing ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. <em>In vitro</em> studies indicate that leptin concentrations between 10 and 100 ng/ml may inconsistently enhance oocyte maturation across several species. However, most livestock studies report positive effects only at concentrations higher than those found in follicular fluid, raising questions about the physiological relevance of these findings. Similarly, in humans, leptin levels in follicular fluid show inconsistent correlations with oocyte maturation, further questioning the role of leptin in the completion of meiosis. In null mutant models of leptin or its receptor, leptin expression is required for pre-implantation development but does not appear to be essential for implantation. Furthermore, contradictory <em>in vitro</em> data on leptin-mediated effects during oocyte maturation and pre-implantation development across various species do not support an essential role of leptin in the ability of oocytes to form a blastocyst or in the progression of early embryos to the blastocyst stage. Overall, while the presence of leptin is crucial for ovulation and pre-implantation development, its modulation under physiological leptin signalling appears to have a minimal impact on blastocyst formation, suggesting a dispensable role in mammalian reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106961
Narin Liman , Orsolya Balogh , Betül Fidan , Linda Müller , Aykut Gram
Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein expressed in several cells, tissues, and tissue fluids, including the male reproductive system. Recent studies have indicated that OPN may be a potential fertility marker in male dogs. However, OPN expression and localization during testicular growth are still unclear, and the effect of pharmacological castration on testicular OPN expression in male dogs has not been studied to date. This study aimed to investigate and compare the expression and protein immunolocalization of OPN in the prepubertal (PRE) and adult dog (AD) testes, while also evaluating whether treatment of adult dogs (DES) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-agonist deslorelin (Suprelorin® 4.7 mg implant) could alter the expression of testicular OPN. A significantly elevated OPN gene expression (p ≤ 0.007) was detected in the PRE dogs' testes than in AD and DES dogs. In addition, OPN mRNA expression was higher in DES dogs than in AD (p = 0.002). OPN-immunoreactivity was observed in all groups as granular staining in Sertoli and Leydig cell cytoplasm. Furthermore, in AD dogs, one or sometimes two OPN-positive granules were observed in round spermatids at stage V, and in elongating and elongated spermatids at stages I-III and VI-VIII of the spermatogenic cycle. Our results confirm the presence of OPN in the testes of prepubertal, adult, and deslorelin-induced spermatogenic and steroidogenic arrest dogs and reveal that infertile status, either developmental in PRE or induced in DES, affects testicular OPN expression.
{"title":"Osteopontin expression in prepubertal and adult dog testes and the effect of slow-release deslorelin implants (Suprelorin® 4.7 mg)","authors":"Narin Liman , Orsolya Balogh , Betül Fidan , Linda Müller , Aykut Gram","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein expressed in several cells, tissues, and tissue fluids, including the male reproductive system. Recent studies have indicated that OPN may be a potential fertility marker in male dogs. However, OPN expression and localization during testicular growth are still unclear, and the effect of pharmacological castration on testicular OPN expression in male dogs has not been studied to date. This study aimed to investigate and compare the expression and protein immunolocalization of OPN in the prepubertal (PRE) and adult dog (AD) testes, while also evaluating whether treatment of adult dogs (DES) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-agonist deslorelin (Suprelorin® 4.7 mg implant) could alter the expression of testicular OPN. A significantly elevated OPN gene expression (p ≤ 0.007) was detected in the PRE dogs' testes than in AD and DES dogs. In addition, OPN mRNA expression was higher in DES dogs than in AD (p = 0.002). OPN-immunoreactivity was observed in all groups as granular staining in Sertoli and Leydig cell cytoplasm. Furthermore, in AD dogs, one or sometimes two OPN-positive granules were observed in round spermatids at stage V, and in elongating and elongated spermatids at stages I-III and VI-VIII of the spermatogenic cycle. Our results confirm the presence of OPN in the testes of prepubertal, adult, and deslorelin-induced spermatogenic and steroidogenic arrest dogs and reveal that infertile status, either developmental in PRE or induced in DES, affects testicular OPN expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106959
Andy E Durham
This study aimed to further define and quantify possible cross-reactive peptides when measuring plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration in equids. Equine plasma samples were spiked with known concentrations of exogenous manufactured peptides comprising human ACTH1-39, ACTH18-39 (corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide, CLIP) and ACTH7-38 (corticotropin inhibiting peptide, CIP). All samples were assayed in duplicate using Siemens Immulite 2000xpi chemiluminescent assay (CLA) and Tosoh AIA-900 immunoflurorescent assay (IFA). As expected, ACTH1-39 was measured by both assays although higher values were reported using IFA (mean 132 % of actual concentrations) than CLA (mean 104 % of actual concentrations). ACTH18-39 was detected by the CLA but not the IFA (mean 29 % actual concentration) whereas ACTH7-38 was detected by the IFA, but not the CLA (mean 65 % actual concentration). The study further clarifies that these ACTH immunoassays are likely to report higher measured ACTH1-39 concentrations than are actually present in the sample although additional work is needed to elucidate the diagnostic and pathophysiologic implications of these findings.
{"title":"Investigation of peptide cross reactivity in equine plasma using two adrenocorticotropic hormone immunoassays","authors":"Andy E Durham","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to further define and quantify possible cross-reactive peptides when measuring plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration in equids. Equine plasma samples were spiked with known concentrations of exogenous manufactured peptides comprising human ACTH<sub>1-39</sub>, ACTH<sub>18-39</sub> (corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide, CLIP) and ACTH<sub>7-38</sub> (corticotropin inhibiting peptide, CIP). All samples were assayed in duplicate using Siemens Immulite 2000xpi chemiluminescent assay (CLA) and Tosoh AIA-900 immunoflurorescent assay (IFA). As expected, ACTH<sub>1-39</sub> was measured by both assays although higher values were reported using IFA (mean 132 % of actual concentrations) than CLA (mean 104 % of actual concentrations). ACTH<sub>18-39</sub> was detected by the CLA but not the IFA (mean 29 % actual concentration) whereas ACTH<sub>7-38</sub> was detected by the IFA, but not the CLA (mean 65 % actual concentration). The study further clarifies that these ACTH immunoassays are likely to report higher measured ACTH<sub>1-39</sub> concentrations than are actually present in the sample although additional work is needed to elucidate the diagnostic and pathophysiologic implications of these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-08DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106958
Y. Inabu , Y. Takakura , Y. Shinohara , M. Sunadome , R. Watanabe , S. Kushibiki , T. Sugino
White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) are characterized by their high blue light intensity, whereas induction lighting (IL) emits lower levels of blue light. This study investigated the effects of exposure to WLED and IL on milk production and physiological responses in dairy cows. Nine lactating Holstein cows [225 ± 32.5 days in milk, 710 ± 24.6 kg initial body weight (BW), 2.6 ± 1.6 parity] were kept under a 16:8 h light-dark cycle and assigned to two treatments for 3 wk each in a 2 × 2 crossover design: exposure to either WLED (443 nm peak wavelength, 231 lx) or IL (529 nm peak wavelength, 237 lx). During the dark period, light intensity was 0.0 lx. All cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum. Milk samples were collected weekly, and serial blood sampling was performed on the last day of each treatment. Dry matter intake, BW, milk yield, and milk composition did not differ between treatments. However, plasma non-esterified fatty acids concentration tended to be higher for the WLED than for the IL (P = 0.09). In addition, plasma melatonin and cortisol concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) for the WLED group than for the IL group. These findings suggest that differences in light wavelength between WLED and IL affect melatonin and cortisol secretion and may also impact lipid metabolism, without altering milk production performance.
{"title":"Comparison of milk production and endocrine profiles of dairy cows exposed to either white light-emitting diode or induction lighting","authors":"Y. Inabu , Y. Takakura , Y. Shinohara , M. Sunadome , R. Watanabe , S. Kushibiki , T. Sugino","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) are characterized by their high blue light intensity, whereas induction lighting (IL) emits lower levels of blue light. This study investigated the effects of exposure to WLED and IL on milk production and physiological responses in dairy cows. Nine lactating Holstein cows [225 ± 32.5 days in milk, 710 ± 24.6 kg initial body weight (BW), 2.6 ± 1.6 parity] were kept under a 16:8 h light-dark cycle and assigned to two treatments for 3 wk each in a 2 × 2 crossover design: exposure to either WLED (443 nm peak wavelength, 231 lx) or IL (529 nm peak wavelength, 237 lx). During the dark period, light intensity was 0.0 lx. All cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum. Milk samples were collected weekly, and serial blood sampling was performed on the last day of each treatment. Dry matter intake, BW, milk yield, and milk composition did not differ between treatments. However, plasma non-esterified fatty acids concentration tended to be higher for the WLED than for the IL (<em>P</em> = 0.09). In addition, plasma melatonin and cortisol concentrations were higher (<em>P</em> < 0.01) for the WLED group than for the IL group. These findings suggest that differences in light wavelength between WLED and IL affect melatonin and cortisol secretion and may also impact lipid metabolism, without altering milk production performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106958"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144269992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-08DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106957
Alice L. Martins , Luana R. Côrtes , Juliana N.D. Rodrigues , Paulo Sergio C. Rangel , Ana Lucia R. e S. Maia , Felipe Z. Brandão , Luiz Gustavo B. Siqueira , Bruna W. de Freitas , Jeferson F. Fonseca
This study evaluated the effect of hCG administration by different routes on D7 (D0=estrus onset) on serum concentrations of hCG and progesterone (P4). Its role in the induction of accessory corpora lutea (aCL), total luteal area (TLA), and vascular area (VA) was assessed by ultrasonography (US). Forty-four goats had estrus induced with intravaginal sponges (60 mg of MAP, six days) plus 200 IU recombinant eCG and 131.5 μg cloprostenol via intramuscular (i.m.) 24 h before sponge removal. Goats received 300 IU hCG either via intrauterine (hCG-IU, n=8) or i.m. (hCG-IM, n=11) or 1 mL of saline i.m. (control, n=12). Estrus was detected and goats were mated with fertile bucks. On D21, goats from hCG-IU and hCG-IM presented more CLs than control ones (P<0.05). The aCL was not detected in the control and differed (P<0.05) between hCG-IU (25.0 %; 2/8) and hCG-IM (63.6 %; 7/11). TLA increased in hCG-IM between D13 and D17 (P<0.05) and VA was higher (P<0.05) in the hCG-IU on D13. On D7, the hCG concentration was similar among groups (P>0.05), however, it increased (P<0.05) on D7.5 in the hCG-IM and remained higher than hCG-IU and control until D8. The concentration of P4 did not differ (P>0.05) among groups. The pregnancy rate did not differ (P>0.05) between hCG-IM (91.0 %) and control (83.0 %) and both were higher (P<0.05) than hCG-IU (25.0 %). In conclusion, despite a slight improvement in luteal perfusion, intrauterine administration of hCG showed limited benefits on the parameters studied, not promoting significant changes in the reproductive tract environment.
{"title":"Luteal features and serum concentrations of progesterone and hCG in dairy goats submitted to estrus induction followed by intrauterine or intramuscular hCG administration","authors":"Alice L. Martins , Luana R. Côrtes , Juliana N.D. Rodrigues , Paulo Sergio C. Rangel , Ana Lucia R. e S. Maia , Felipe Z. Brandão , Luiz Gustavo B. Siqueira , Bruna W. de Freitas , Jeferson F. Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effect of hCG administration by different routes on D7 (D0=estrus onset) on serum concentrations of hCG and progesterone (P4). Its role in the induction of accessory corpora lutea (aCL), total luteal area (TLA), and vascular area (VA) was assessed by ultrasonography (US). Forty-four goats had estrus induced with intravaginal sponges (60 mg of MAP, six days) plus 200 IU recombinant eCG and 131.5 μg cloprostenol via intramuscular (i.m.) 24 h before sponge removal. Goats received 300 IU hCG either via intrauterine (hCG-IU, n=8) or i.m. (hCG-IM, n=11) or 1 mL of saline i.m. (control, n=12). Estrus was detected and goats were mated with fertile bucks. On D21, goats from hCG-IU and hCG-IM presented more CLs than control ones (P<0.05). The aCL was not detected in the control and differed (P<0.05) between hCG-IU (25.0 %; 2/8) and hCG-IM (63.6 %; 7/11). TLA increased in hCG-IM between D13 and D17 (P<0.05) and VA was higher (P<0.05) in the hCG-IU on D13. On D7, the hCG concentration was similar among groups (P>0.05), however, it increased (P<0.05) on D7.5 in the hCG-IM and remained higher than hCG-IU and control until D8. The concentration of P4 did not differ (P>0.05) among groups. The pregnancy rate did not differ (P>0.05) between hCG-IM (91.0 %) and control (83.0 %) and both were higher (P<0.05) than hCG-IU (25.0 %). In conclusion, despite a slight improvement in luteal perfusion, intrauterine administration of hCG showed limited benefits on the parameters studied, not promoting significant changes in the reproductive tract environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144269991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106956
N.R. Wiesner , F.K. Zeugswetter , A. Hildebrand , R. Klein , E. Müller
Without thyroid scintigraphy, diagnosing feline hyperthyroidism can be challenging. The primary aims of this study were the quantification of total 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (total reverse T3, TrT3) concentrations in hyperthyroid, healthy, and azotemic cats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and to investigate its potential as a predictive marker for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The hypothesis was that in feline hyperthyroidism rT3, representing the “inactivated” metabolite of T4, increases in relation to T4 and “active” T3. Left over samples of 138 hyperthyroid cats submitted for radioiodine treatment, 73 healthy cats and 83 cats with kidney disease were analyzed. Azotemic cats were included to represent cats with possible non-thyroidal illness syndrome. The healthy group was used to calculate reference limits and to investigate the influence of age and gender. UPLC-MS/MS detected both T3 isomers with high analytic sensitivity. TrT3 measurements correlated positively with total T4 (TT4, rSP = 0.937, P < 0.001), and total T3 concentrations (TT3, rSP = 0.866, P < 0.001). TT4 correlated positively with TT3 (rSP = 0.939, P < 0.001). Hyperthyroid cats had higher TT4, TT3, and TrT3 concentrations as well as TrT3/TT4 ratios compared to the other groups (P < 0.001), whereas the TT3/TrT3-ratios was lower (P < 0.001). TrT3 exceeded TT3 concentrations in 85.5 % of the hyperthyroid cats. The optimum cutoff to identify hyperthyroidism determined by ROC-curve analysis was TrT3 > 0.75 nmol/l (sensitivity 1, specificity 0.968). No effects of gender (P = 0.848) or age (P = 0.691) were observed. In conclusion, rT3 is the second most abundant thyroid hormone in feline hyperthyroidism, can be measured by UPLC-MS/MS with high diagnostic accuracy and its measurement opens new doors to investigate feline iodothyronine metabolism.
没有甲状腺显像，诊断猫甲状腺功能亢进可能是具有挑战性的。本研究的主要目的是使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）定量甲状腺功能亢进猫、健康猫和azotemic猫的总3,3 ',5 ' -三碘甲状腺原氨酸（total reverse T3, TrT3）浓度，并研究其作为甲状腺功能亢进诊断预测标志物的潜力。假设在猫甲状腺机能亢进症中，代表T4“失活”代谢物的rT3相对于T4和“活性”T3增加。对138只接受放射性碘治疗的甲状腺功能亢进猫、73只健康猫和83只患有肾病的猫的剩余样本进行了分析。Azotemic猫被纳入，代表可能患有非甲状腺疾病综合征的猫。采用健康组计算参考值，并探讨年龄和性别的影响。UPLC-MS/MS检测两种T3异构体均具有较高的分析灵敏度。TrT3与总T4呈正相关(TT4, rSP = 0.937, P <；0.001)，总T3浓度(TT3, rSP = 0.866, P <；0.001)。TT4与TT3呈正相关(rSP = 0.939, P <；0.001)。与其他组相比，甲亢猫的TT4、TT3和TrT3浓度以及TrT3/TT4比率更高(P <；0.001)，而TT3/ trt3比值较低(P <；0.001)。85.5%的甲亢猫的TrT3浓度超过TT3。roc曲线分析确定甲状腺功能亢进的最佳临界值为TrT3和gt；0.75 nmol/l（灵敏度1，特异性0.968）。性别（P = 0.848）和年龄（P = 0.691）均无影响。综上所述，rT3是猫甲亢中含量第二丰富的甲状腺激素，可通过ulc -MS/MS检测，诊断准确率高，为研究猫碘甲状腺原氨酸代谢开辟了新的途径。
{"title":"Reverse triiodothyronine concentrations in hyperthyroid, healthy, and azotemic cats determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","authors":"N.R. Wiesner , F.K. Zeugswetter , A. Hildebrand , R. Klein , E. Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Without thyroid scintigraphy, diagnosing feline hyperthyroidism can be challenging. The primary aims of this study were the quantification of total 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (total reverse T3, TrT3) concentrations in hyperthyroid, healthy, and azotemic cats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and to investigate its potential as a predictive marker for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The hypothesis was that in feline hyperthyroidism rT3, representing the “inactivated” metabolite of T4, increases in relation to T4 and “active” T3. Left over samples of 138 hyperthyroid cats submitted for radioiodine treatment, 73 healthy cats and 83 cats with kidney disease were analyzed. Azotemic cats were included to represent cats with possible non-thyroidal illness syndrome. The healthy group was used to calculate reference limits and to investigate the influence of age and gender. UPLC-MS/MS detected both T3 isomers with high analytic sensitivity. TrT3 measurements correlated positively with total T4 (TT4, rSP = 0.937, <em>P</em> < 0.001), and total T3 concentrations (TT3, rSP = 0.866, <em>P</em> < 0.001). TT4 correlated positively with TT3 (rSP = 0.939, <em>P</em> < 0.001). Hyperthyroid cats had higher TT4, TT3, and TrT3 concentrations as well as TrT3/TT4 ratios compared to the other groups (<em>P</em> < 0.001), whereas the TT3/TrT3-ratios was lower (<em>P</em> < 0.001). TrT3 exceeded TT3 concentrations in 85.5 % of the hyperthyroid cats. The optimum cutoff to identify hyperthyroidism determined by ROC-curve analysis was TrT3 > 0.75 nmol/l (sensitivity 1, specificity 0.968). No effects of gender (<em>P</em> = 0.848) or age (<em>P</em> = 0.691) were observed. In conclusion, rT3 is the second most abundant thyroid hormone in feline hyperthyroidism, can be measured by UPLC-MS/MS with high diagnostic accuracy and its measurement opens new doors to investigate feline iodothyronine metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144269990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the most common metabolic disease in domestic cats. Unlike humans and dogs, CKD in cats seems to have a highly complex and multifactorial etiology. Despite great effort being poured into research trying to elucidate possible pathways for the pathogenesis of CKD, there is still a lack of understanding regarding its initiating and progression factors. There is also a lack of therapeutic options for these patients, with most treatment plans relying on a low-phosphate diet, dietary protein modification and medical management of complications (e.g. hypertension) as they arise.
In this review, we propose the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a central role in the development, pathophysiology and progression of feline chronic kidney disease. The adrenal glands and the hormones they secrete, in particular, may act as lynchpins in chronic kidney disease, mediating virtually every aspect of the disease: from the establishment of fibrosis and kidney damage to the development of hypertension and a pro-inflammatory status. By compiling the available research regarding the influence of adrenal hormones and the HPA axis, we hope to highlight possible future areas of scientific interest regarding feline CKD as well as possible aspects in which the cat may act as a model for research in human medicine.
{"title":"Bridging the gap—Rethinking the role of the adrenal gland in chronic kidney disease from the feline perspective","authors":"Patricia Lunet Marques , Sara Galac , Luísa Mateus , Rodolfo Oliveira Leal","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the most common metabolic disease in domestic cats. Unlike humans and dogs, CKD in cats seems to have a highly complex and multifactorial etiology. Despite great effort being poured into research trying to elucidate possible pathways for the pathogenesis of CKD, there is still a lack of understanding regarding its initiating and progression factors. There is also a lack of therapeutic options for these patients, with most treatment plans relying on a low-phosphate diet, dietary protein modification and medical management of complications (e.g. hypertension) as they arise.</div><div>In this review, we propose the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a central role in the development, pathophysiology and progression of feline chronic kidney disease. The adrenal glands and the hormones they secrete, in particular, may act as lynchpins in chronic kidney disease, mediating virtually every aspect of the disease: from the establishment of fibrosis and kidney damage to the development of hypertension and a pro-inflammatory status. By compiling the available research regarding the influence of adrenal hormones and the HPA axis, we hope to highlight possible future areas of scientific interest regarding feline CKD as well as possible aspects in which the cat may act as a model for research in human medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 106955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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