Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.305220
Maha M. El Alem, Suzan Salah, Gehan N. Alagmy, Sara A. Gad
: C anine parvovirus (CPV) infection is considered a common cause of puppies mortality less than 6 months. Despite treatment with available therapies, many dogs still died from CPV related complications. This study aims to describe the clinical investigation, pathological findings, and molecular diagnosis of canine parvovirus infection in dogs. A total of thirty five samples, including blood and fecal samples were collected from dogs of different ages and breeds (German shepherd, Husky, Loloo, and Rottweiler puppies) to be used in this study. The study considered the dogs' history, clinical examination for vital parameters, alter-ation of haemogram, and fecal examination for detection of canine parvovirus antigen. 10 rectal swabs collected from dogs showing clinical signs of canine parvovirus enteritis were initially tested for CPV-2 using CPV Ag test kits rapid test. Results showed 9/10 of swabs were positive for CPV-2. For further in-vestigations, all swabs were carried out using molecular identification, through the extraction of Viral DNA and conventional PCR for the CPV-2, all samples gave positive results for CPV-2. Histopathological examination of the tongue, lung, kidney and intestine suggested the infection with CPV enteritis. leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia with a significant increase in monocytic and eosinophilic count were recorded. A significant increase in serum total protein and serum globulin and a significant decrease in serum albumin were noticed. Serum ALT, AST, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine were significantly increased. Samples that showed strong PCR products were sequenced and phylogenetic analyzed to detect the percentage of nucleotide sequence identity and divergence between CPV of this study and other reference strains. PCR and the sequence analysis confirmed canine parvovirus-2a as the etiology of the disease. Good management is advised to avoid secondary or severe dehydration and marked gastrointestinal fluid hypovolemia with loss of protein and bacterial sepsis.
{"title":"Molecular, pathological and hematobiochemical detection of canine parvovirus in dogs","authors":"Maha M. El Alem, Suzan Salah, Gehan N. Alagmy, Sara A. Gad","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.305220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.305220","url":null,"abstract":": C anine parvovirus (CPV) infection is considered a common cause of puppies mortality less than 6 months. Despite treatment with available therapies, many dogs still died from CPV related complications. This study aims to describe the clinical investigation, pathological findings, and molecular diagnosis of canine parvovirus infection in dogs. A total of thirty five samples, including blood and fecal samples were collected from dogs of different ages and breeds (German shepherd, Husky, Loloo, and Rottweiler puppies) to be used in this study. The study considered the dogs' history, clinical examination for vital parameters, alter-ation of haemogram, and fecal examination for detection of canine parvovirus antigen. 10 rectal swabs collected from dogs showing clinical signs of canine parvovirus enteritis were initially tested for CPV-2 using CPV Ag test kits rapid test. Results showed 9/10 of swabs were positive for CPV-2. For further in-vestigations, all swabs were carried out using molecular identification, through the extraction of Viral DNA and conventional PCR for the CPV-2, all samples gave positive results for CPV-2. Histopathological examination of the tongue, lung, kidney and intestine suggested the infection with CPV enteritis. leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia with a significant increase in monocytic and eosinophilic count were recorded. A significant increase in serum total protein and serum globulin and a significant decrease in serum albumin were noticed. Serum ALT, AST, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine were significantly increased. Samples that showed strong PCR products were sequenced and phylogenetic analyzed to detect the percentage of nucleotide sequence identity and divergence between CPV of this study and other reference strains. PCR and the sequence analysis confirmed canine parvovirus-2a as the etiology of the disease. Good management is advised to avoid secondary or severe dehydration and marked gastrointestinal fluid hypovolemia with loss of protein and bacterial sepsis.","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85636220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.300157
{"title":"Attempts for controlling of histamine by using bacillus polymyxa in salted fishes","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.300157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.300157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84856609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.300350
{"title":"Efficacy of Electrolyzed water in controlling microbial contamination of fresh chicken carcasses","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.300350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.300350","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86314742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.301528
A. Nady
C ryptosporidiosis is one of the most important causes of neonatal enteritis and diarrhea in calves leading to significant morbidity and mortality rates globally. This study was conducted to highlight the diagnostic methods of cryptosporidiosis in pre-weaned cattle calves. For this purpose, a total of 88 diarrheic faecal samples of pre-waned calves at Giza and El-Fayoum governorates, Egypt, were microscopically examined using Modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining (MZN), Immunochromatographic test (ICT) and Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The prevalence of infection was 71.59% (63/88), 73.86% (65/88), and 75.00% (66/88) for MZN, ICT, and ELISA respectively. The Sensitivity was 96.9%, 100%, and 100% whereas; Specificity was 100%, 100%, and 95.7% for MZN, ICT, and ELISA, respectively.
{"title":"Overview on the diagnostic methods of Cryptosporidiosis in bovine calves","authors":"A. Nady","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.301528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.301528","url":null,"abstract":"C ryptosporidiosis is one of the most important causes of neonatal enteritis and diarrhea in calves leading to significant morbidity and mortality rates globally. This study was conducted to highlight the diagnostic methods of cryptosporidiosis in pre-weaned cattle calves. For this purpose, a total of 88 diarrheic faecal samples of pre-waned calves at Giza and El-Fayoum governorates, Egypt, were microscopically examined using Modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining (MZN), Immunochromatographic test (ICT) and Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The prevalence of infection was 71.59% (63/88), 73.86% (65/88), and 75.00% (66/88) for MZN, ICT, and ELISA respectively. The Sensitivity was 96.9%, 100%, and 100% whereas; Specificity was 100%, 100%, and 95.7% for MZN, ICT, and ELISA, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78263352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.307122
M. El-Diasty, R. El-said, Nour H. Abdel-Hamid
B rucellosis is the generic name for animal and human infections owing to different species of the genus Brucella mainly B. abortus and B. melitensis . B. melitensis was the prevalent serotype among sheep in Delta region, like bovine brucellosis. This paper tailors the epidemiology of brucellosis in small ruminants in Delta region pointing to the evaluation of the ordinarily used diagnostic bacteriological, molecular, and serological procedures. Herein, a broad review to shed light on the complexity of bru-cellosis plus discussing that the test and slaughter strategy should be applicable to free the herd out of quarantine, withal application of biosecurity practices and fair compensation policy for owners for good protection.
{"title":"Sheep Brucellosis in Delta Region","authors":"M. El-Diasty, R. El-said, Nour H. Abdel-Hamid","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.307122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.307122","url":null,"abstract":"B rucellosis is the generic name for animal and human infections owing to different species of the genus Brucella mainly B. abortus and B. melitensis . B. melitensis was the prevalent serotype among sheep in Delta region, like bovine brucellosis. This paper tailors the epidemiology of brucellosis in small ruminants in Delta region pointing to the evaluation of the ordinarily used diagnostic bacteriological, molecular, and serological procedures. Herein, a broad review to shed light on the complexity of bru-cellosis plus discussing that the test and slaughter strategy should be applicable to free the herd out of quarantine, withal application of biosecurity practices and fair compensation policy for owners for good protection.","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75030125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.302584
M. Kandiel
E ndometritis is a major postpartum disease that affects the productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows that is accompanied by heavy economic losses to the farmer. We conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of Endometritis on daily milk yield (DMY) and some reproductive indices (pregnancy rate, days open (DO), service per conception (S/C), and days to the first insemination) in lactating dairy cows. Data corresponding to 4037 cows was extracted from eleven research papers with suf-ficient data for analysis. The odds ratio was calculated for binary data (Endometritis incidence and pregnancy rate) by using the multinomial logistic regression, while the summary estimate was calculated for continuous data (DMY, S/C, and DO) by using the Linear mixed model (Multilevel regression). The odds ratio (OR) of Endometritis had a significant difference among different studies and years, paper No.4 recorded an equal number of diseased and healthy cows (OR=1), so we take this paper as a reference category, OR was the highest (1.6) for paper No.10, while it was the lowest (0.2) for paper No. 2. Concerning the pregnancy rate, Endometritis significantly reduced the pregnancy rate by 45% compared with the healthy cow. Regarding the DMY, Endometritis had a significant reduction in DMY by 1.7 kg rather than the healthy one. Concerning the DO, the cow that suffered from Endometritis had a more prolonged DO by 58 days than the healthy one, also S/C had a significant increase by 1.6 compared with healthy cows. Finally, we concluded that Endometritis had an adverse effect on the
{"title":"A meta-analysis of the Impact of Endometritis on Reproductive and Productive Performances of Lactating Dairy Herds","authors":"M. Kandiel","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.302584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.302584","url":null,"abstract":"E ndometritis is a major postpartum disease that affects the productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows that is accompanied by heavy economic losses to the farmer. We conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of Endometritis on daily milk yield (DMY) and some reproductive indices (pregnancy rate, days open (DO), service per conception (S/C), and days to the first insemination) in lactating dairy cows. Data corresponding to 4037 cows was extracted from eleven research papers with suf-ficient data for analysis. The odds ratio was calculated for binary data (Endometritis incidence and pregnancy rate) by using the multinomial logistic regression, while the summary estimate was calculated for continuous data (DMY, S/C, and DO) by using the Linear mixed model (Multilevel regression). The odds ratio (OR) of Endometritis had a significant difference among different studies and years, paper No.4 recorded an equal number of diseased and healthy cows (OR=1), so we take this paper as a reference category, OR was the highest (1.6) for paper No.10, while it was the lowest (0.2) for paper No. 2. Concerning the pregnancy rate, Endometritis significantly reduced the pregnancy rate by 45% compared with the healthy cow. Regarding the DMY, Endometritis had a significant reduction in DMY by 1.7 kg rather than the healthy one. Concerning the DO, the cow that suffered from Endometritis had a more prolonged DO by 58 days than the healthy one, also S/C had a significant increase by 1.6 compared with healthy cows. Finally, we concluded that Endometritis had an adverse effect on the","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82134634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.302141
Mahmoud S. Sabra, EidAli Hussein, N. F. Anwar, Shen El, Sebaey, W. Salem, Dina M. W. Shibat Elhamd
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{"title":"Detection and Molecular Characterization of Avian Reovirus (ARV) Variants in Egypt with studying the effect of Selenium Nanoparticles on Growth Performance after Experimental ARV challenge in broilers.","authors":"Mahmoud S. Sabra, EidAli Hussein, N. F. Anwar, Shen El, Sebaey, W. Salem, Dina M. W. Shibat Elhamd","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.302141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.302141","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88896150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.305223
D. Mohamed, Maha M. El Alem, M. Ibrahim, Thoria A. Hamed
: F ish are an important source of proteins of a high value. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic animals causes serious threat for fish as well as human via persistent consumption of fish. This study aims to estimate the concentrations of some heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr)) in fish muscles and water. Samples of fish muscles ( Clariasgariepinus and Oreochromisniloticus ) and water were collected from different farms in Sharkia province in Egypt from April to September in 2022. The concentrations of heavy metals had the order Pb> Cr > Cd. The highest values of metals were recorded for Pb in the examined fish while the lowest values were recorded for Cd and Cr. There is a variation in the concentrations of heavy metals in water between investigated farms. The highest values of metals were recorded for Pb in the water. a significant decrease in RBCs count, Hb conc., PCV% and WBCs compared with control group with significant increase in MCV, MCH values in farm B, C and D compared to control and the most pronounced significant changes was correlated to farm C. A significant decrease in phagocytic index and percentage were the recorded effect of heavy metals. The impact of heavy metals on biochemical parameters showed significant increase of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, glucose and total lipids in the blood of examined fish, but total protein and total globulin, beta and gamma globulin revealed a significant decrease. They
{"title":"Comparison between heavy metal residues and their effect on African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"D. Mohamed, Maha M. El Alem, M. Ibrahim, Thoria A. Hamed","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.305223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.305223","url":null,"abstract":": F ish are an important source of proteins of a high value. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic animals causes serious threat for fish as well as human via persistent consumption of fish. This study aims to estimate the concentrations of some heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr)) in fish muscles and water. Samples of fish muscles ( Clariasgariepinus and Oreochromisniloticus ) and water were collected from different farms in Sharkia province in Egypt from April to September in 2022. The concentrations of heavy metals had the order Pb> Cr > Cd. The highest values of metals were recorded for Pb in the examined fish while the lowest values were recorded for Cd and Cr. There is a variation in the concentrations of heavy metals in water between investigated farms. The highest values of metals were recorded for Pb in the water. a significant decrease in RBCs count, Hb conc., PCV% and WBCs compared with control group with significant increase in MCV, MCH values in farm B, C and D compared to control and the most pronounced significant changes was correlated to farm C. A significant decrease in phagocytic index and percentage were the recorded effect of heavy metals. The impact of heavy metals on biochemical parameters showed significant increase of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, glucose and total lipids in the blood of examined fish, but total protein and total globulin, beta and gamma globulin revealed a significant decrease. They","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"84 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91432432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.302096
E. Yonis
D uring 2020–2022, a survey of 25 farms of ducklings of various breeds (Pekini and Muscovy), that ranged from one day up to a month of age suffering from various symptoms and mortality rates varied from 10 to 35 % revealed isolation of Klebsiella pneumonae 36 % whereas the prevalence of E coli, Staph aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium were 32%, 28% and 16% respectively. Following PCR confirmation of Klebsiella pneumonae, the presence of the its virulence genes were sur-veyed and results showed that uge (44%) and rmpA (22%), as well as an antimicrobial susceptibility profile , which revealed 100% resistant to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and Penicillin G followed by77 % toward tetracycline, 22% toward streptomycin . Contrarily, they were extremely sensitive to ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, as well as 77% to cefotaxime and 66% to gentamycin. The surveillance of class 1 integron ( intl1) and genes of antimicrobial resistance demonstrated that (66%) of isolates harbor Int1,whereas only 33% of the isolates involved blaSHV, they all had the tetA and blaTEM genes. Salmonella and E. coli isolates were serotyped, and it was discovered that the E. coli isolates belonged to six different O-serogroups, including O55:H7, O148:K25, O86: K61, O114:H21, O26:H11 and O127:H6
{"title":"Pathogenicity of bacterial isolates associated with high mortality in duckling in Behira province","authors":"E. Yonis","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.302096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.302096","url":null,"abstract":"D uring 2020–2022, a survey of 25 farms of ducklings of various breeds (Pekini and Muscovy), that ranged from one day up to a month of age suffering from various symptoms and mortality rates varied from 10 to 35 % revealed isolation of Klebsiella pneumonae 36 % whereas the prevalence of E coli, Staph aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium were 32%, 28% and 16% respectively. Following PCR confirmation of Klebsiella pneumonae, the presence of the its virulence genes were sur-veyed and results showed that uge (44%) and rmpA (22%), as well as an antimicrobial susceptibility profile , which revealed 100% resistant to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and Penicillin G followed by77 % toward tetracycline, 22% toward streptomycin . Contrarily, they were extremely sensitive to ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, as well as 77% to cefotaxime and 66% to gentamycin. The surveillance of class 1 integron ( intl1) and genes of antimicrobial resistance demonstrated that (66%) of isolates harbor Int1,whereas only 33% of the isolates involved blaSHV, they all had the tetA and blaTEM genes. Salmonella and E. coli isolates were serotyped, and it was discovered that the E. coli isolates belonged to six different O-serogroups, including O55:H7, O148:K25, O86: K61, O114:H21, O26:H11 and O127:H6","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79279422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/ejah.2023.314382
S. Hazem, Rania I. Ismail, Hend I. Elsharkawy, Mohamed K. Al-kholi, Eman M. Younis, Saher A. El-Madawy
A total of 270 dromedary dairy camels above five years old with a history of reproductive disorders, including abortion, repeated breeding, reduced milk production, and retained fetal membranes belonging to different localities at El-Sharqia Governorate, including Abu Kabir, Belbis, DeyarbNegm, EL Husseiniya, and Minya al-Qamh were employed in this study. Different risk factors associated with camel brucellosis were investigated in these camel's populations, these include the rearing of camels with different ruminant’s species, addition of new animals, as well as lack of sanitary measures. The modified Rose Bengal Test and Complement Fixation Test revealed a prevalence of 40 (14.8%) and 32 (11.9%) respectively. The three districts with the highest prevalence of camel brucellosis were Belbeis (14.12%), EL Husseiniya (12.19%), and Minya al-Qamh (10.7%). Three (9.4%) brucella species were isolated out of 32 milk samples from serologically positive she-camels. Two isolates were identified as B. melitensis biovar 3 and one isolate was identified as B. abortus biovar1. Bru-cella strain DNA extracts from milk samples showed a specific amplicon of 731 bp specific for B. melitensis (18) and an amplicon of 498 bp specific for B. abortus (4), but no amplicon of 285 bp specific for B. suis could be detected after being subjected to PCR using the IS711 primer in this investigation. We concluded that, in this study, Brucella meliteneis biovar 3 is a common field strain in camels. Oxidative stress biomarkers, malonaldehyde (MDA) were increased significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) in infected camel, whereas nitric oxide (NO) was moderate increase. Antioxidant enzymes like Gluta-thione Peroxidase enzyme (GPx) was significantly increase whereas catalase (CAT) was significantly reduced in infected camel. This study has confirmed our understanding of risk factors associated with camel brucellosis. The rearing of camels with different ruminant’s species, the addition of new animals, and the lack of sanitary measures were the primary risk factors associated with the spread of brucellosis among dairy camels .
{"title":"Overview on Brucellosis in Camels","authors":"S. Hazem, Rania I. Ismail, Hend I. Elsharkawy, Mohamed K. Al-kholi, Eman M. Younis, Saher A. El-Madawy","doi":"10.21608/ejah.2023.314382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejah.2023.314382","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 270 dromedary dairy camels above five years old with a history of reproductive disorders, including abortion, repeated breeding, reduced milk production, and retained fetal membranes belonging to different localities at El-Sharqia Governorate, including Abu Kabir, Belbis, DeyarbNegm, EL Husseiniya, and Minya al-Qamh were employed in this study. Different risk factors associated with camel brucellosis were investigated in these camel's populations, these include the rearing of camels with different ruminant’s species, addition of new animals, as well as lack of sanitary measures. The modified Rose Bengal Test and Complement Fixation Test revealed a prevalence of 40 (14.8%) and 32 (11.9%) respectively. The three districts with the highest prevalence of camel brucellosis were Belbeis (14.12%), EL Husseiniya (12.19%), and Minya al-Qamh (10.7%). Three (9.4%) brucella species were isolated out of 32 milk samples from serologically positive she-camels. Two isolates were identified as B. melitensis biovar 3 and one isolate was identified as B. abortus biovar1. Bru-cella strain DNA extracts from milk samples showed a specific amplicon of 731 bp specific for B. melitensis (18) and an amplicon of 498 bp specific for B. abortus (4), but no amplicon of 285 bp specific for B. suis could be detected after being subjected to PCR using the IS711 primer in this investigation. We concluded that, in this study, Brucella meliteneis biovar 3 is a common field strain in camels. Oxidative stress biomarkers, malonaldehyde (MDA) were increased significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) in infected camel, whereas nitric oxide (NO) was moderate increase. Antioxidant enzymes like Gluta-thione Peroxidase enzyme (GPx) was significantly increase whereas catalase (CAT) was significantly reduced in infected camel. This study has confirmed our understanding of risk factors associated with camel brucellosis. The rearing of camels with different ruminant’s species, the addition of new animals, and the lack of sanitary measures were the primary risk factors associated with the spread of brucellosis among dairy camels .","PeriodicalId":11415,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Animal Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91369053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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