One of the criteria for plant adaptation to the volatile organic compounds action can be the lipid peroxidation intensity processes as a result of destructive oxidative processes ratio and the plants activity antioxidant protection. In this regard, the aim of the study was a comparative study of volatile various doses organic compounds effect (o-xylol, benz(a)pyrene, butyl acetate) on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in woody plants seedlings under specified experimental conditions. The results of an experiment on processing leaf blades of urban environments woody plants seedlings with volatile hydrocarbons and their mixture indicate that the effect of o-xylol, butyl acetate and a mixture of butyl acetate and o-xylol on the malonic dialdehyde content in drooping birch Betula pendula Roth. during the first days after exposure, it was manifested in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, whereas after three days of the experiment, the plant response in this case was expressed as a decrease in the content of MDA and the intensity of the lipid peroxidation process. Benz(a)pyrene in drooping birch caused a higher content of MDA three days after treatment. In the pyramidal poplar, the character of o-xylol influence and a butyl acetate and o-xylol mixture over the experiment course was similar to the drooping birch and was expressed in the lipid peroxidation products accumulation one day after treatment. Benz(a)pyrene was the cause of the increased malondialdehyde content one day after treatment, butyl acetate – after three days of the experiment. The combined processing of birch seedlings leaf blades with a butyl acetate and o-xylol mixture made it possible for these compounds to enhance each other's toxic effect compared to their action alone, with the exception of o-xylol three days after treatment with the mixture in the maximum dose. In pyramidal poplar, unlike birch, suspended butyl acetate in the mixture weakened the o-xylol toxic effect in comparison with its effect in the form of a single solution, and o-xylol weakened the effect of butyl acetate. In general, in the studied wood seedlings, the most potent compounds one cluster in the processes of membrane lipid peroxidation compared with the control can include benz(a)pyrene (in birch), butyl acetate and a mixture of butyl acetate and o-xylol (at the poplar pyramidal).
{"title":"Lipids peroxidation of wood plants seedlings under the volatile organic compounds action","authors":"E. G. Tyulkova, L. P. Avdashkova","doi":"10.15421/031920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031920","url":null,"abstract":"One of the criteria for plant adaptation to the volatile organic compounds action can be the lipid peroxidation intensity processes as a result of destructive oxidative processes ratio and the plants activity antioxidant protection. In this regard, the aim of the study was a comparative study of volatile various doses organic compounds effect (o-xylol, benz(a)pyrene, butyl acetate) on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in woody plants seedlings under specified experimental conditions. The results of an experiment on processing leaf blades of urban environments woody plants seedlings with volatile hydrocarbons and their mixture indicate that the effect of o-xylol, butyl acetate and a mixture of butyl acetate and o-xylol on the malonic dialdehyde content in drooping birch Betula pendula Roth. during the first days after exposure, it was manifested in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, whereas after three days of the experiment, the plant response in this case was expressed as a decrease in the content of MDA and the intensity of the lipid peroxidation process. Benz(a)pyrene in drooping birch caused a higher content of MDA three days after treatment. In the pyramidal poplar, the character of o-xylol influence and a butyl acetate and o-xylol mixture over the experiment course was similar to the drooping birch and was expressed in the lipid peroxidation products accumulation one day after treatment. Benz(a)pyrene was the cause of the increased malondialdehyde content one day after treatment, butyl acetate – after three days of the experiment. The combined processing of birch seedlings leaf blades with a butyl acetate and o-xylol mixture made it possible for these compounds to enhance each other's toxic effect compared to their action alone, with the exception of o-xylol three days after treatment with the mixture in the maximum dose. In pyramidal poplar, unlike birch, suspended butyl acetate in the mixture weakened the o-xylol toxic effect in comparison with its effect in the form of a single solution, and o-xylol weakened the effect of butyl acetate. In general, in the studied wood seedlings, the most potent compounds one cluster in the processes of membrane lipid peroxidation compared with the control can include benz(a)pyrene (in birch), butyl acetate and a mixture of butyl acetate and o-xylol (at the poplar pyramidal).","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85328521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is devoted to the typology of lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper. In developing the typology of lakes, the parameters were taken into account: landscape location, hydro-chemical and hydro-biological characteristics and the degree of their anthropogenic transformation. The data presented are based on the processing of stationary and route research materials from 1998 to 2018 on the lakes of river valleys: Dnieper, Samara, and Orel. Hydrological indicators are analyzed according to the literature, cartographic and archival data of the Dneprodiprovodkhoz Institute and the Biology Research Institute of Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University. Floristic studies were carried out using general botanical methods of collection and herbarization, and in the study of typical aquatic flora - special hydro-botanical methods. Geo-botanical studies were carried out according to geo-botanical and special hydro-botanical methods. The article presents the hydrological and hydro-botanical features of the lakes of the valley of a large river (Dnieper) and medium rivers (Samara, Orel). Lakes are located exclusively in valley-terrace landscapes in the northern part of the steppe zone of Ukraine. Despite this, based on cartographic materials, we proposed zoning of the territory of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper according to the criteria: their location in lake regions, in various landscapes and the degree of anthropogenic transformation. The following districts and subareas were identified: Dnieper Lake District (Dnieper floodplain lake subarea with slight flooding of the floodplain, Dnieper Lake subarea of floodplain terraces, Dievsky floodplain lake subarea); Samara Lake District (Lake Subarea of Samara Coniferous forest, Lake Subarea of Estuary part of Samara); Orel Lake District. Lakes are located in various physical and geographical conditions of the floodplain, arena and third saline terrace. The typology of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper basin was developed on the basis of regionalization of the location of the lakes, distribution according to the ecological and topographic profile, hydrological, hydro-chemical regimes, degree and nature of overgrowing. 11 types of lakes are identified based on the above criteria. 6 types were identified for the valley of a large river: floodplain lakes (3 types) with a long-flow regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (2 types) and highly mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace. 5 types were identified for the valleys of middle rivers: floodplain lakes (3 types) with an episodic short-burial regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (low-mineralized) and excessively mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace.
{"title":"Hydrological and hydrobotanic typology of the lake of North-Steppe Dnieper region","authors":"N. Roshchyna, B. Baranovski","doi":"10.15421/031921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031921","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the typology of lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper. In developing the typology of lakes, the parameters were taken into account: landscape location, hydro-chemical and hydro-biological characteristics and the degree of their anthropogenic transformation. The data presented are based on the processing of stationary and route research materials from 1998 to 2018 on the lakes of river valleys: Dnieper, Samara, and Orel. Hydrological indicators are analyzed according to the literature, cartographic and archival data of the Dneprodiprovodkhoz Institute and the Biology Research Institute of Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University. Floristic studies were carried out using general botanical methods of collection and herbarization, and in the study of typical aquatic flora - special hydro-botanical methods. Geo-botanical studies were carried out according to geo-botanical and special hydro-botanical methods. The article presents the hydrological and hydro-botanical features of the lakes of the valley of a large river (Dnieper) and medium rivers (Samara, Orel). Lakes are located exclusively in valley-terrace landscapes in the northern part of the steppe zone of Ukraine. Despite this, based on cartographic materials, we proposed zoning of the territory of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper according to the criteria: their location in lake regions, in various landscapes and the degree of anthropogenic transformation. The following districts and subareas were identified: Dnieper Lake District (Dnieper floodplain lake subarea with slight flooding of the floodplain, Dnieper Lake subarea of floodplain terraces, Dievsky floodplain lake subarea); Samara Lake District (Lake Subarea of Samara Coniferous forest, Lake Subarea of Estuary part of Samara); Orel Lake District. Lakes are located in various physical and geographical conditions of the floodplain, arena and third saline terrace. The typology of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper basin was developed on the basis of regionalization of the location of the lakes, distribution according to the ecological and topographic profile, hydrological, hydro-chemical regimes, degree and nature of overgrowing. 11 types of lakes are identified based on the above criteria. 6 types were identified for the valley of a large river: floodplain lakes (3 types) with a long-flow regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (2 types) and highly mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace. 5 types were identified for the valleys of middle rivers: floodplain lakes (3 types) with an episodic short-burial regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (low-mineralized) and excessively mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace.","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87819672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The response of a plant organism to the effects of negative environmental factors, including the effects of multicomponent pollution, can be determined using a morphometric approach, setting the range of variability of biometric indicators of assimilation organs. The obtained data allow us to identify the directions of evolution of leaf shape and parameters under conditions of anthropogenic environment. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the variability of morphometric characteristics of lamina of Вetula pendula Roth. under technogenic conditions of the city of Dnipro. Leaf samples were collected in September – October 2018 at five test areas in the city of Dnipro (100 sheets each), which differed in the level of environmental pollution. For each leaf according to the method, five dimensions were measured on the left and right sides: width of the left and right halves of the leaf; the length of the vein of the second order, the second from the base of the leaf; the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order; the distance between the ends of the first and second veins of the second order; the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order. It is shown that by the degree of increase of variation in the conditions of influence on the plants of B. pendula under conditions of multicomponent contamination of the environment the investigated signs of the lamina can be arranged as follows: 5 < 2 < 1 < 4 < 3. It is established that the most stable feature of the B. pendula lamina in the conditions of technogenesis is the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order, and the most variable one is the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order. A tendency was found for the differences in the reactions of plants from the relatively clean area and contaminated territories: the control trees had a coefficient of variation higher for the right half of the leaf (right-sided asymmetry), whereas plants of the technogenic zones had left-sided asymmetry.
{"title":"Variability of morphometric characteristics of Betula pendula lamina under technogenic conditions of Dnipro city","authors":"T. Yusypiva, A. Zadesenets, A. V. Karas","doi":"10.15421/031912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031912","url":null,"abstract":"The response of a plant organism to the effects of negative environmental factors, including the effects of multicomponent pollution, can be determined using a morphometric approach, setting the range of variability of biometric indicators of assimilation organs. The obtained data allow us to identify the directions of evolution of leaf shape and parameters under conditions of anthropogenic environment. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the variability of morphometric characteristics of lamina of Вetula pendula Roth. under technogenic conditions of the city of Dnipro. Leaf samples were collected in September – October 2018 at five test areas in the city of Dnipro (100 sheets each), which differed in the level of environmental pollution. For each leaf according to the method, five dimensions were measured on the left and right sides: width of the left and right halves of the leaf; the length of the vein of the second order, the second from the base of the leaf; the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order; the distance between the ends of the first and second veins of the second order; the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order. It is shown that by the degree of increase of variation in the conditions of influence on the plants of B. pendula under conditions of multicomponent contamination of the environment the investigated signs of the lamina can be arranged as follows: 5 < 2 < 1 < 4 < 3. It is established that the most stable feature of the B. pendula lamina in the conditions of technogenesis is the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order, and the most variable one is the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order. A tendency was found for the differences in the reactions of plants from the relatively clean area and contaminated territories: the control trees had a coefficient of variation higher for the right half of the leaf (right-sided asymmetry), whereas plants of the technogenic zones had left-sided asymmetry.","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82578827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fires have caused significant damage since ancient times, and over time the area and damage has increased. Pine plantations in the southern and eastern regions of Ukraine are particularly affected by this natural phenomenon. The damage caused by the fire interrupts the course of natural successions and prolongs the period of climax. In order to assess the impact of persistent grassroots fire on the complex of forestry and taxation indices of plantations, the taxation structure of pine plantations and the impact on phytocenoses, a methodical analysis of plantations in the Skripayivsky forestry of the state enterprise «Skripayevsky Educational Research Forestry» was made. The data of forest fires over the last 30 years have been analyzed and the reconnaissance works have been carried out, the characteristic test areas have been selected and monitored over the three years. As a result of the work, the relationship between the height of the slope and the intensity of drying was observed. It has been observed that the mass drying of trees does not occur in the first year, but within three years. Also noted was a certain category of trees that appeared to be more resistant to the negative effects of fire, characterized by the following characteristics: thick, dense, high raised bark, well cleared of branches of tree trunks, diameter above average, high raised crown. This factor should be taken into account when creating forest crops (use quality planting material and the introduction of deciduous trees), carrying out further planting care (timely care of forest crops and the required intensity) and carrying out fire prevention measures (raising crowns, mineralization and mineralization breaks). Based on these observations, it is possible to predict the state of planting after a fire, depending on the intensity of the fire (altitude and the degree of burning of the litter) and take into account when conducting forestry activities.
{"title":"Influence of low fire on condition of pine plants","authors":"V. Vdovychenko, D. O. Omelich","doi":"10.15421/031922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031922","url":null,"abstract":"Fires have caused significant damage since ancient times, and over time the area and damage has increased. Pine plantations in the southern and eastern regions of Ukraine are particularly affected by this natural phenomenon. The damage caused by the fire interrupts the course of natural successions and prolongs the period of climax. In order to assess the impact of persistent grassroots fire on the complex of forestry and taxation indices of plantations, the taxation structure of pine plantations and the impact on phytocenoses, a methodical analysis of plantations in the Skripayivsky forestry of the state enterprise «Skripayevsky Educational Research Forestry» was made. The data of forest fires over the last 30 years have been analyzed and the reconnaissance works have been carried out, the characteristic test areas have been selected and monitored over the three years. As a result of the work, the relationship between the height of the slope and the intensity of drying was observed. It has been observed that the mass drying of trees does not occur in the first year, but within three years. Also noted was a certain category of trees that appeared to be more resistant to the negative effects of fire, characterized by the following characteristics: thick, dense, high raised bark, well cleared of branches of tree trunks, diameter above average, high raised crown. This factor should be taken into account when creating forest crops (use quality planting material and the introduction of deciduous trees), carrying out further planting care (timely care of forest crops and the required intensity) and carrying out fire prevention measures (raising crowns, mineralization and mineralization breaks). Based on these observations, it is possible to predict the state of planting after a fire, depending on the intensity of the fire (altitude and the degree of burning of the litter) and take into account when conducting forestry activities.","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84897689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) mineralize organic waste. In media with different organic substances they are metabolized from simple aliphatic organic acids to complex polysaccharides. These bacteria can produce H2, indole-3-acetic acid and 5-aminolevulinic acid. PNSB purify waters from hydrogen sulfide and, as components of ecosystem trophic chains, participate in process of sulfur cycle. The ability of these bacteria to denitrification is of particular interest to specialists because nitrates concentrations in industrial effluents are often much higher than the maximum permissible concentrations. The use of industrial, agricultural and household wastes to produce PNSB biomass is economically profitable. Therefore, the aim of our work was to investigate the influence of wastewater of the yeast plant and the water of the settler № 3 filtrate of the Lviv Solid Household Waste Landfill (LSHWL) on the biomass accumulation by PNSB Rhodopseudomonas yavorovii IMV B-7620 and the changes in the composition of these waters in the process of cultivation of the investigated bacteria. Bacteria were grown for 21 days anaerobically at an illumination intensity of 200 lux in 500 ml flasks at +29 ... +30 °C. The wastewater of the yeast plant and the water of the settler № 3 filtrate of the LSHWL were used as the cultivation media. Water was diluted at 10; 30; 50; 100 times. In water, diluted at 10 times, the pH, total ferrum content, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, SO42-, HS- and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were determined. The biomass of bacteria was measured turbidimetrically at λ = 660 nm. The concentration of HS- was determined spectrophotometrically (λ = 665 nm) by the formation of methylene blue. The content of sulfate ions was determined turbidimetrically (λ = 520 nm) after their precipitation with barium chloride. The concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were determined titrometrically by reaction with trilon B; Na+ and K+ were analyzed by flame emission spectrometry method (lK = 768 nm, lNa = 589 nm). The pH of the water was measured potentiometrically. The concentration of Cl- was determined titrometrically by reaction with AgNO3. The concentration of nitrite ions was determined spectrophotometrically by the method of sulfanilic acid diazotization by nitrite ions and the interaction of the formed salt with n-(naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (λ = 540 nm, l = 10 mm). The concentration of nitrate ions was determined spectrophotometrically by the diazotization method. Zinc powder was used as the reducing agent. COD was measured with using of KMnO4. It is characterised the patterns of biomass accumulation by R. yavorovii IMV B-7620 bacteria in the wastewater of the yeast plant and the water of the settler № 3 filtrate of the LSHWL, diluted at 10–100 times. The optimal dilution (at 10 times) of water for bacteria cultivation was selected. Bacteria R. yavorovii IMV B-7620 accumulate biomass of 2.2 g/l during growth in a yeast plant wastewate
{"title":"Wastewater bioremediation with using of phototrophic non-sulfur bacteria Rhodopseudomonas yavorovii IMV B-7620","authors":"O. Tarabas, S. Hnatush, O. Moroz, M. Kovalchuk","doi":"10.15421/031911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031911","url":null,"abstract":"Phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) mineralize organic waste. In media with different organic substances they are metabolized from simple aliphatic organic acids to complex polysaccharides. These bacteria can produce H2, indole-3-acetic acid and 5-aminolevulinic acid. PNSB purify waters from hydrogen sulfide and, as components of ecosystem trophic chains, participate in process of sulfur cycle. The ability of these bacteria to denitrification is of particular interest to specialists because nitrates concentrations in industrial effluents are often much higher than the maximum permissible concentrations. The use of industrial, agricultural and household wastes to produce PNSB biomass is economically profitable. Therefore, the aim of our work was to investigate the influence of wastewater of the yeast plant and the water of the settler № 3 filtrate of the Lviv Solid Household Waste Landfill (LSHWL) on the biomass accumulation by PNSB Rhodopseudomonas yavorovii IMV B-7620 and the changes in the composition of these waters in the process of cultivation of the investigated bacteria. Bacteria were grown for 21 days anaerobically at an illumination intensity of 200 lux in 500 ml flasks at +29 ... +30 °C. The wastewater of the yeast plant and the water of the settler № 3 filtrate of the LSHWL were used as the cultivation media. Water was diluted at 10; 30; 50; 100 times. In water, diluted at 10 times, the pH, total ferrum content, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, SO42-, HS- and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were determined. The biomass of bacteria was measured turbidimetrically at λ = 660 nm. The concentration of HS- was determined spectrophotometrically (λ = 665 nm) by the formation of methylene blue. The content of sulfate ions was determined turbidimetrically (λ = 520 nm) after their precipitation with barium chloride. The concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were determined titrometrically by reaction with trilon B; Na+ and K+ were analyzed by flame emission spectrometry method (lK = 768 nm, lNa = 589 nm). The pH of the water was measured potentiometrically. The concentration of Cl- was determined titrometrically by reaction with AgNO3. The concentration of nitrite ions was determined spectrophotometrically by the method of sulfanilic acid diazotization by nitrite ions and the interaction of the formed salt with n-(naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (λ = 540 nm, l = 10 mm). The concentration of nitrate ions was determined spectrophotometrically by the diazotization method. Zinc powder was used as the reducing agent. COD was measured with using of KMnO4. It is characterised the patterns of biomass accumulation by R. yavorovii IMV B-7620 bacteria in the wastewater of the yeast plant and the water of the settler № 3 filtrate of the LSHWL, diluted at 10–100 times. The optimal dilution (at 10 times) of water for bacteria cultivation was selected. Bacteria R. yavorovii IMV B-7620 accumulate biomass of 2.2 g/l during growth in a yeast plant wastewate","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84870834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The challenge of degradation of natural ecosystems because of human activity is considered by the world community to the most serious problems facing mankind. As a result of mineral extraction, man-made landscapes and environmentally ruined areas replace natural habitats and agroecosystems; a whole spectrum of man-made processes are typical for such landscapes, which leads to a decrease in species richness and biological diversity within such areas. Degraded territories formed in the process of coal mining are often partially restored through remediation measures. During the implementation of the technical stage of remediation, substrates with different potential fertility having different environmental properties and quality are used. Specific features of distribution total, available nitrogen concentrations and levels of urease enzymatic activity at the layers of artificial soil, sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green and red-brown clays and on loess-like loams in the Nikopol manganese ore basin are established. It is presented general assessment of technosol status by concentration of general easily hydrolysed nitrogen enzyme activity of urease and this enzyme enriches the soil with mineral nitrogen in the process of mineralization of organic substances. The level of activity of urease, investigated soils, determines the intensity of the direction of biochemical processes that affect soil fertility.High correlation between concentrations of soluble nitrogen and urease activity values by layers of artificial soil (r = 0.81), sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green (r = 0.98), red-brown clays (r = 0.72) and onto loess-like loam (r = 0.85) were found. Tendency of decreasing hydrolytic enzyme activity, urease, with depth in all types of artificial soil studied was established. It has been established that biochemical diagnostics of technozem processes beyond the level of activity of the hydrolytic enzyme urease makes it possible to estimate the direction of changes at the layers of artificial soil, sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green and red-brown clays and on loess-like loams. The recultivated soil has some what lower fertility and greater salimity at the lower horizons, but is capable of performing ecological functions and can not only be used for economic purposes, but also perform ecological functions.
{"title":"Ecological features of urease activity distribution in technogenically altered soils of the Nikopol manganese ore basin","authors":"V. Chorna, I. Wagner","doi":"10.15421/031902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031902","url":null,"abstract":"The challenge of degradation of natural ecosystems because of human activity is considered by the world community to the most serious problems facing mankind. As a result of mineral extraction, man-made landscapes and environmentally ruined areas replace natural habitats and agroecosystems; a whole spectrum of man-made processes are typical for such landscapes, which leads to a decrease in species richness and biological diversity within such areas. Degraded territories formed in the process of coal mining are often partially restored through remediation measures. During the implementation of the technical stage of remediation, substrates with different potential fertility having different environmental properties and quality are used. Specific features of distribution total, available nitrogen concentrations and levels of urease enzymatic activity at the layers of artificial soil, sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green and red-brown clays and on loess-like loams in the Nikopol manganese ore basin are established. It is presented general assessment of technosol status by concentration of general easily hydrolysed nitrogen enzyme activity of urease and this enzyme enriches the soil with mineral nitrogen in the process of mineralization of organic substances. The level of activity of urease, investigated soils, determines the intensity of the direction of biochemical processes that affect soil fertility.High correlation between concentrations of soluble nitrogen and urease activity values by layers of artificial soil (r = 0.81), sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green (r = 0.98), red-brown clays (r = 0.72) and onto loess-like loam (r = 0.85) were found. Tendency of decreasing hydrolytic enzyme activity, urease, with depth in all types of artificial soil studied was established. It has been established that biochemical diagnostics of technozem processes beyond the level of activity of the hydrolytic enzyme urease makes it possible to estimate the direction of changes at the layers of artificial soil, sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green and red-brown clays and on loess-like loams. The recultivated soil has some what lower fertility and greater salimity at the lower horizons, but is capable of performing ecological functions and can not only be used for economic purposes, but also perform ecological functions.","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81856808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changes in nesting conditions cause a change in the number of individual species, ecological groups, and, consequently, the structure of the bird community. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibilities and directions – the transformations of the communitys of nesting birds in the process of reorganization of the forest ecosystem into a park. The material was collected in the territory of one of the forest parks in the Kiev city. Forest is an mixed based on Quercus robur L., Carpinus betulus L., Acer platanoides L., Tilia cordata L., Fraxinus excelsior L. There are individual trees Pinus Syvestris L. The territory of the forest park have different degrees transformed, and includes anthropogenic landscapes and forests plots that have been preserved almost in their natural state. Studies were conducted in the nesting period (April-June) 2012–2017. For analysis average data were used. The number and distribution of the birds were determined by the method of counting on the transects, in the 3 model plots. There are 71 species of birds of 11 orders. Of these, 63 species are nesting. The number of nested species of communities in model plots does not depend on the gradient of anthropogenic transformation, but a average density of nesting birds decrease: 2.91±0.66→2.54±0.67→2.10±0.48 pairs / km of the transect. Nesting birds are distributed between 9 faunogenetic complexes. Of these, in each model plot is represented by 8. Dominated by birds of the European nemoral complex. On the gradient of habitat transformation, a change in the fauna-genetic structure of bird communities in the direction of increasing the proportion of birds of the European nemoral and European forest-steppe complexes, birds of desert-mountain and tropical groups. Boreal and ancient species are superseded. Strengthening the transformation in forest plots, the distribution of birds in community on the ecological groups does change not much. But when the forest ecosystem is replaced by a park ecosystem, the proportion of sclerophiles increases 3–4 times. In all communities is dominated by woody nesters bird. On the gradient of transformation, the number of species of the tree canopies nesters birds (from 21 to 18), ground nesters birds (from 6 to 0), species that use many types of nesting stations (from 4 to 1) are decreases; the number of bird species that nesting in the buildings increases from 0 to 6, and the number of alien species from 0 to 4 (Streptopelia decaocto, Dendrocopos syriacus, Phoenicurus ochruros, Serinus serinus). In the park ecosystems, a decrease in the species composition of woodpeckers, does not entail a significant decrease in the species composition and abundance of secondary hollows nesters birds. Birds of the synanthropic subpopulations are nesting in cavities in park buildings. Most of the indices show an equivalent ά-diversity of all bird communities. The β-diversity of breeding birds during the transformation of the forest ecosystem into a park
{"title":"Transformation of the community of nesting birds in the process of reorganization of the forest ecosystem into a park","authors":"V. Gaychenko, T. Shupova","doi":"10.15421/031901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031901","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in nesting conditions cause a change in the number of individual species, ecological groups, and, consequently, the structure of the bird community. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibilities and directions – the transformations of the communitys of nesting birds in the process of reorganization of the forest ecosystem into a park. The material was collected in the territory of one of the forest parks in the Kiev city. Forest is an mixed based on Quercus robur L., Carpinus betulus L., Acer platanoides L., Tilia cordata L., Fraxinus excelsior L. There are individual trees Pinus Syvestris L. The territory of the forest park have different degrees transformed, and includes anthropogenic landscapes and forests plots that have been preserved almost in their natural state. Studies were conducted in the nesting period (April-June) 2012–2017. For analysis average data were used. The number and distribution of the birds were determined by the method of counting on the transects, in the 3 model plots. There are 71 species of birds of 11 orders. Of these, 63 species are nesting. The number of nested species of communities in model plots does not depend on the gradient of anthropogenic transformation, but a average density of nesting birds decrease: 2.91±0.66→2.54±0.67→2.10±0.48 pairs / km of the transect. Nesting birds are distributed between 9 faunogenetic complexes. Of these, in each model plot is represented by 8. Dominated by birds of the European nemoral complex. On the gradient of habitat transformation, a change in the fauna-genetic structure of bird communities in the direction of increasing the proportion of birds of the European nemoral and European forest-steppe complexes, birds of desert-mountain and tropical groups. Boreal and ancient species are superseded. Strengthening the transformation in forest plots, the distribution of birds in community on the ecological groups does change not much. But when the forest ecosystem is replaced by a park ecosystem, the proportion of sclerophiles increases 3–4 times. In all communities is dominated by woody nesters bird. On the gradient of transformation, the number of species of the tree canopies nesters birds (from 21 to 18), ground nesters birds (from 6 to 0), species that use many types of nesting stations (from 4 to 1) are decreases; the number of bird species that nesting in the buildings increases from 0 to 6, and the number of alien species from 0 to 4 (Streptopelia decaocto, Dendrocopos syriacus, Phoenicurus ochruros, Serinus serinus). In the park ecosystems, a decrease in the species composition of woodpeckers, does not entail a significant decrease in the species composition and abundance of secondary hollows nesters birds. Birds of the synanthropic subpopulations are nesting in cavities in park buildings. Most of the indices show an equivalent ά-diversity of all bird communities. The β-diversity of breeding birds during the transformation of the forest ecosystem into a park","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87692613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Technogenic pollution of the territory firstly leads to decrease of productivity of the land, since the main part of the technogenic loading, as a result of such pollution, assumes to the soil and vegetation. Soils those have been contaminated are characterized by changed structural and physical-and-chemical properties, which does not allow them to be used for economic purposes. To detect the technogenic loading on the soil as a result of the chemical plant operation, soil quality studies were carried out using the bio-testing method. The most informative data towards ecological danger of ecosystem pollution is the results of the determination of phytotoxicity for soil organisms. Such information can be obtained by an integral assessment of the biological usefulness of the habitat of organisms using the bio-testing method, which provides registration in controlled, standard conditions of the corresponding reactions of test organisms to the toxic effects of ecologically hazardous chemical compounds and their mixes. The following higher plants were selected as test cultures: Raphanus sativus L., Hordeum vulgare L. and Triticum aestivum L. As the test-response of higher plants, the energy of seed germination, the length of the sprout and the length of the root were taken into account. Four zones were selected for the research. The largest difference between the values of germination energy between control and experiment was observed on the results of a test-response to Hordeum vulgare L. in a sample of soil from zone Nr 4. The indicator of the toxic effect detected on the territory of zone Nr 4 - 43,64% reduction in the length of the roots relative to the control; 33.81% reduction in the length of the germs relative to the control based on the results of the test-response to Hordeum vulgare L. The soil sample from the zone Nr 1 showed no toxic properties in any test reaction (6.32% decrease in root length relative to control one, 5.68% reduction length of germs relative to the control one based on the results of the test reaction on Raphanus sativus L. Sample of soil from zone Nr 2 did not show toxicity (-45.26% decrease in root length relative to control one and 8.61% decrease in germination length relative to control one revealed by the results of the test-response to Raphanus sativus L. Soil samples from zone Nr 3 also showed no toxicity (3.83% decrease in root length relative to control and 11.02% reduction in germination length relative to control revealed by test-reaction results on Raphanus sativus L. The table value of the Student's criterion for the probability level is P = 0.5 and the number of measures of freedom 58 is 2.01. The calculation of the actual value of Student's criterion for the length of the roots (2.68) and the germs (2.05) showed an excess of the table value based on the results of the test-response on Hordeum vulgare L. in the soil sample from zone Nr 4, what confirms the presence of toxic properties of the soil. In order
{"title":"Ecological and toxicological assessment of the influence of the chemical enterprise on soil","authors":"A. Krainiukov, I. Kryvytska","doi":"10.15421/031907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031907","url":null,"abstract":"Technogenic pollution of the territory firstly leads to decrease of productivity of the land, since the main part of the technogenic loading, as a result of such pollution, assumes to the soil and vegetation. Soils those have been contaminated are characterized by changed structural and physical-and-chemical properties, which does not allow them to be used for economic purposes. To detect the technogenic loading on the soil as a result of the chemical plant operation, soil quality studies were carried out using the bio-testing method. The most informative data towards ecological danger of ecosystem pollution is the results of the determination of phytotoxicity for soil organisms. Such information can be obtained by an integral assessment of the biological usefulness of the habitat of organisms using the bio-testing method, which provides registration in controlled, standard conditions of the corresponding reactions of test organisms to the toxic effects of ecologically hazardous chemical compounds and their mixes. The following higher plants were selected as test cultures: Raphanus sativus L., Hordeum vulgare L. and Triticum aestivum L. As the test-response of higher plants, the energy of seed germination, the length of the sprout and the length of the root were taken into account. Four zones were selected for the research. The largest difference between the values of germination energy between control and experiment was observed on the results of a test-response to Hordeum vulgare L. in a sample of soil from zone Nr 4. The indicator of the toxic effect detected on the territory of zone Nr 4 - 43,64% reduction in the length of the roots relative to the control; 33.81% reduction in the length of the germs relative to the control based on the results of the test-response to Hordeum vulgare L. The soil sample from the zone Nr 1 showed no toxic properties in any test reaction (6.32% decrease in root length relative to control one, 5.68% reduction length of germs relative to the control one based on the results of the test reaction on Raphanus sativus L. Sample of soil from zone Nr 2 did not show toxicity (-45.26% decrease in root length relative to control one and 8.61% decrease in germination length relative to control one revealed by the results of the test-response to Raphanus sativus L. Soil samples from zone Nr 3 also showed no toxicity (3.83% decrease in root length relative to control and 11.02% reduction in germination length relative to control revealed by test-reaction results on Raphanus sativus L. The table value of the Student's criterion for the probability level is P = 0.5 and the number of measures of freedom 58 is 2.01. The calculation of the actual value of Student's criterion for the length of the roots (2.68) and the germs (2.05) showed an excess of the table value based on the results of the test-response on Hordeum vulgare L. in the soil sample from zone Nr 4, what confirms the presence of toxic properties of the soil. In order ","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82854601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Pokhylenko, O. Didur, Y. Kulbachko, Yuliia Ovchynnykova
The forest litter serves as a bridge between the above ground forest flora and fauna with the soil. Trophic activity of soil invertebrates affects the decomposition processes of plant organic residues and, thus, on the forest soils fertility. It is a natural mechanism that positively influences on maintenance and improvement of natural soils properties. The object of this study is the representatives of Diplopoda Rossiulus kessleri (Lohmander, 1927) and Isopoda Porcellio scaber (Latreille, 1804). The aim of the paper is to qualify the trophic preferences of the saprophages, as soil invertebrate representatives, of natural forest ecosystems in conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. To identify the ecological role of millipedes and woodlice as primary destructors of leaf litter, we made a field experiment studying their trophic preferences with the use of microcosms. Microcosms (containers) were filled with soil free from invertebrates; after it added a certain mixture of leaf litter and saprophages representatives. To analyze the decomposition rate of leaf litter the percentage of consumed litter was determined by calculating air-dry mass of leaf litter in the beginning and at the end of experiment. A regression model that reflects the trophic selectivity of saprophages for the following mixture components of such tree species as the common maple (Acer campestre (L.), little-leaved linden (Tilia cordata (Mill.), common oak (Quercus robur (L.), European white elm (Ulmus laevis (Pall.), European ash (Fraxinus excelsior (L.) is proposed. Among other regression model types (linear, quadratic, special cubic), permissible statistical estimates revealed a special cubic mathematical model and it allowed to conclude on the saprophages trophic selectivity. The special cubic regression model has a relatively high performance (the determination coefficient is 87.5 %) and adequately approximates empirical data with a significance level of less than 0.05. It was found out that common maple and European white elm litter is consumed in a greater quantity than any other litter from suggested. It is confirmed by their main effects coefficients in the regression equation. Thus, the saprophages trophic selectivity persistence in natural forests under the conditions of the steppe zone has been proved. Consequently, the saprophages trophic activity increases with the presence of the maple and European white elm in natural forests, which makes expedient the use of these tree species, in the design of forest stands.
{"title":"Trophic selectivity of litter saprophages (Diplopoda, Isopoda) in natural forests in the steppe conditions","authors":"A. Pokhylenko, O. Didur, Y. Kulbachko, Yuliia Ovchynnykova","doi":"10.15421/031904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031904","url":null,"abstract":"The forest litter serves as a bridge between the above ground forest flora and fauna with the soil. Trophic activity of soil invertebrates affects the decomposition processes of plant organic residues and, thus, on the forest soils fertility. It is a natural mechanism that positively influences on maintenance and improvement of natural soils properties. The object of this study is the representatives of Diplopoda Rossiulus kessleri (Lohmander, 1927) and Isopoda Porcellio scaber (Latreille, 1804). The aim of the paper is to qualify the trophic preferences of the saprophages, as soil invertebrate representatives, of natural forest ecosystems in conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. To identify the ecological role of millipedes and woodlice as primary destructors of leaf litter, we made a field experiment studying their trophic preferences with the use of microcosms. Microcosms (containers) were filled with soil free from invertebrates; after it added a certain mixture of leaf litter and saprophages representatives. To analyze the decomposition rate of leaf litter the percentage of consumed litter was determined by calculating air-dry mass of leaf litter in the beginning and at the end of experiment. A regression model that reflects the trophic selectivity of saprophages for the following mixture components of such tree species as the common maple (Acer campestre (L.), little-leaved linden (Tilia cordata (Mill.), common oak (Quercus robur (L.), European white elm (Ulmus laevis (Pall.), European ash (Fraxinus excelsior (L.) is proposed. Among other regression model types (linear, quadratic, special cubic), permissible statistical estimates revealed a special cubic mathematical model and it allowed to conclude on the saprophages trophic selectivity. The special cubic regression model has a relatively high performance (the determination coefficient is 87.5 %) and adequately approximates empirical data with a significance level of less than 0.05. It was found out that common maple and European white elm litter is consumed in a greater quantity than any other litter from suggested. It is confirmed by their main effects coefficients in the regression equation. Thus, the saprophages trophic selectivity persistence in natural forests under the conditions of the steppe zone has been proved. Consequently, the saprophages trophic activity increases with the presence of the maple and European white elm in natural forests, which makes expedient the use of these tree species, in the design of forest stands.","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85716192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The reaction of the soybean symbiotic apparatus inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and Tn5 mutants, which were different in efficiency, was studied for the loss of water content in leaves and roots induced by prolonged drought, as well as the seed productivity of the formed symbiotic systems. To conduct researches were used microbiological, physiological, biochemical methods, gas chromatography and spectrophotometry. The objects of the study were selected symbiotic systems formed with the participation of soybean plants and strains B. japonicum 646 (active, virulent) and 604k (inactive, highly virulent), as well as Tn5-mutants – B1-20 (active, virulent) and 107 (low-active, virulent) obtained by the method of transposon mutagenesis in the department of symbiotic nitrogen fixation at the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Before sowing, sterilized with 70 % ethanol and washed under running water for 1 h, the seeds were inoculated with suspensions of nodules bacteria (the titre of the suspension was 108 cells in 1 ml). The combined model drought was created during 12 days by stopping watering of plants up to 40 % of full moisture content starting from the stage of two true leaves and gradual transfer of watering to 30 % of full moisture content in the stage of three true leaves and budding - the beginning of flowering. After the stopping of drought, the moisture content of the substrate was adjusted to 60 % of full moisture content (watering recovery) into the stage of mass flowering. Control plants were inoculated by rhizobium culture, as well as plants without inoculation, which grew for optimal watering. It was investigated that in symbiotic systems formed with the participation of soybean and the active strain B. japonicum (646) and Tn5-mutant (B1-20) there was no significant reduction in the water content of plants under drought conditions and the effective work of the symbiotic apparatus was recorded, which contributed to the preservation of seed productivity. Ineffective symbiotic systems observed significant losses in water content and inhibition of the process of nodulation (strain 604k) and nitrogen fixation (Tn5-mutants 107), which was accompanied by significant losses of soybean crop yields. As a result of the research, it was concluded that in soil-climatic conditions with insufficient rainfall and frequent droughts, effective symbiotic systems should be used, which will promote the optimal functioning of the symbiotic apparatus and preserve the seed productivity of soybeans by adaptive regulation of water balance and fixation of molecular nitrogen of the atmosphere. The study of the functioning of leguminous plants in symbiosis with strains of nodule bacteria is important for finding effective symbiotic systems that are able to realize their adaptive potential for the effects of stress factors, in particular drought. Effective symbiotic relationships are the main so
{"title":"The reaction of soybean symbiotic apparatus to losses of water content in leaves and roots, induced by continuous action of drought","authors":"T. Mamenko","doi":"10.15421/031908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031908","url":null,"abstract":"The reaction of the soybean symbiotic apparatus inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and Tn5 mutants, which were different in efficiency, was studied for the loss of water content in leaves and roots induced by prolonged drought, as well as the seed productivity of the formed symbiotic systems. To conduct researches were used microbiological, physiological, biochemical methods, gas chromatography and spectrophotometry. The objects of the study were selected symbiotic systems formed with the participation of soybean plants and strains B. japonicum 646 (active, virulent) and 604k (inactive, highly virulent), as well as Tn5-mutants – B1-20 (active, virulent) and 107 (low-active, virulent) obtained by the method of transposon mutagenesis in the department of symbiotic nitrogen fixation at the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Before sowing, sterilized with 70 % ethanol and washed under running water for 1 h, the seeds were inoculated with suspensions of nodules bacteria (the titre of the suspension was 108 cells in 1 ml). The combined model drought was created during 12 days by stopping watering of plants up to 40 % of full moisture content starting from the stage of two true leaves and gradual transfer of watering to 30 % of full moisture content in the stage of three true leaves and budding - the beginning of flowering. After the stopping of drought, the moisture content of the substrate was adjusted to 60 % of full moisture content (watering recovery) into the stage of mass flowering. Control plants were inoculated by rhizobium culture, as well as plants without inoculation, which grew for optimal watering. It was investigated that in symbiotic systems formed with the participation of soybean and the active strain B. japonicum (646) and Tn5-mutant (B1-20) there was no significant reduction in the water content of plants under drought conditions and the effective work of the symbiotic apparatus was recorded, which contributed to the preservation of seed productivity. Ineffective symbiotic systems observed significant losses in water content and inhibition of the process of nodulation (strain 604k) and nitrogen fixation (Tn5-mutants 107), which was accompanied by significant losses of soybean crop yields. As a result of the research, it was concluded that in soil-climatic conditions with insufficient rainfall and frequent droughts, effective symbiotic systems should be used, which will promote the optimal functioning of the symbiotic apparatus and preserve the seed productivity of soybeans by adaptive regulation of water balance and fixation of molecular nitrogen of the atmosphere. The study of the functioning of leguminous plants in symbiosis with strains of nodule bacteria is important for finding effective symbiotic systems that are able to realize their adaptive potential for the effects of stress factors, in particular drought. Effective symbiotic relationships are the main so","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82668100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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