Ecology and Noospherology最新文献

{"title":"Dynamics of protection antioxidant system of representatives of Amelanchier Medik. genus during ontogenesis under Steppe Pridniprov’e conditions","authors":"Y. Lykholat, N. Khromykh, L. Shupranova, T. Legostaeva, T. Lykholat, A. Onopa","doi":"10.15421/031801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031801","url":null,"abstract":"Antioxidant reaction in leaves of the representatives of Amelanchier Medik. genus introduced in Steppe Pridniprov’e during vegetative period  is studied. Activity of bensidin-peroxidase (BPOD), guaiacol-peroxidase (GPOD) and catalase (CAT) in leaves of four kinds Amelanchier Medik is analysed. Specific features of dynamics of enzymes activity in leaves of representatives of Amelanchier Medik. genus are defined according to phases of seasonal development and in reply to action of hydrothermal stress. On the basis of the received results the wide range of interspecific variability of enzymes activity in leaves of Amelanchier kinds, introduced in new conditions of existance is shown. The studied kinds were characterised by high activity ВРОD in all vegetative season. The greatest activity in leaves of all kinds was shown in a phase of secondary growth, in the most adverse hydrothermal mode that testified to passage of adaptive processes in plants. It is established, that unlike A. ovalis in which leaves level of activity BPOD was equal enough, other kinds in process of ontogenesis have shown sharper differences in activity of enzyme. The difference was essential, especially at A. canadensis in which leaves in May and June sharp falling of activity in 4,0 and 2,9 times accordingly in comparison with April was noticed, and in July and August – sharp increase that testified to a stressful condition of plants. The opposite tendency is found out in dynamics of activity GPOD i CAT. In the beginning phases of active growth (April) at all kinds the highest activity of enzymes, but, since May and till the end of the supervision period was observed, activity sharply went down at all kinds Amelanchier. Essential activation GPOD in a phase of active growth can be connected with processes of lignification to an greater degree, rather than with protection against oxidative stress. Thus in leaves of A. ovalis and A. canadensis higher activity gvaiacol-peroxidase, than at A. spicata and A. florida was observed. Small increase of activity was observed in June and to an greater measure in three kinds: A. ovalis, A. florida і A. spicata. In leaves of A. canadensis activity increase was marked in August in comparison with the period from May till July. The analysis of dynamics of catalase activity in leaves of representatives Amelanchier Medik. has shown similitude as well as at gvaiacol-peroxidase: the highest level was observed in April, and further there was an essential recession of enzyme activity. Dynamics of catalase activity during vegetation has appeared the most similar at kinds of A. ovalis and A. canadensis. In leaves of A. florida unlike last kinds the small peak of activity in July was marked, and in August activity again went down on 21,8 % in comparison with July. A. spicata has shown essential increase of activity САТ in August in comparison with July in 6,4 times. Thus, found out different directions of activity changes of oxidoreductases specify in p","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87531255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific aspects of supplying the population with transported water","authors":"O. V. Zorina","doi":"10.15421/031807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/031807","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted with the purpose of giving the scientific evaluation of the prevalence of supplying the population with transported potable water, its quality, and reveals the problems of regulatory framework in this sphere with the aim to improve the legislation and develop preventive measures for prevention of morbidity of the population. In this research were used following methods: hygienic, chemical, standard searching, and method of expert evaluation. It was determined that according to the data for the 2016, 10 regions of Ukraine are supplied with transported water in tanker due to the absence or deficit of the water of potable quality (8 regions – on the south and south–east, 2 regions – on the west of Ukraine). In order of increasing of the number of human settlements, which are supplied with the transported potable water, mentioned regions can be put in the following row: Zaporizka > Dnipropetrovska > Mykolaivska > Odeska > Donetska > Lvivska > Kyrovogradska > Khersonska > Poltavska > Ivano–Frankivska. Herewith, in order of increasing of the number of population supplied with the transported water can be put in the following row: Mykolaivska > Kyrovogradska > Zaporizka > Odeska > Dnipropetrovska > Khersonska > Donetska > Lvivska > Poltavska > Ivano–Frankivska. Dynamics analysis of potable transported water availability in human settlements of selected regions of Ukraine found that transported potable water intended for drinking in 2009 was used in 11 regions, in 2014 has not been used in Vinnitska and Poltavska region, however, the transportation of potable water started in 2014–2016 in Lvivska region. Were identified problematic regions, where was observed an increase in supply of transported water in recent years: Zaporizka > Dnipropetrovska > Mykolaivska > Odeska > Donetska > Lvivska > Kyrovogradska. It has been established that as for today the quality of transported water is not controlled by the State supervisory authorities. The need of reglamentation of the quality and recommendations on the quantity of transported potable water in emergencies in SanPiN, what is topical issue for Ukraine, was identified. According to the requirements of European legislation the quality of such water must meet the standard for potable tap water (Directive 98/83/EU on water intended for human consumption). According to the data from scientific literature and personal research the minimum quantity of such water per capita in emergencies should be 10 liters a day (5 litres – for hygienic needs and 5 liters – for internal use). However, it is should be taken into account that the regime of limitation of water consumption in considerable heat and/or physical activity conditions should not be applied. Moreover, population should be supplied with enough quantity of potable water for all physiological needs of organism when opportunities are presented. The alternative to transported potable water under appropriate conditions is a usage of mobi","PeriodicalId":11457,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Noospherology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87957481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}