Advanced Materials最新文献_第5页

Toward Energy Efficient Electrochemical Valorization of Waste Nitrate and Sulfide 废硝酸盐和硫化物的高效电化学增值研究

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202517966

Bihao Hu, Yifan Zhou, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Shibo Xi, Qian He, Lei Wang

With the continuously decreasing levelized cost of renewable electricity, electrocatalytic waste treatment and valorizations have attracted increasing attention as sustainable routes for converting waste molecules into valuable chemicals. Here, we report an energy-efficient strategy that couples nitrate-reduction (NO₃R) with sulfide-oxidation reaction (SOR) to simultaneously remediate pollutants and produce value-added chemicals. By utilizing a dual-catalyst composite in which cobalt polyphthalocyanine (CoPc) and copper polyphthalocyanine (CuPc) are co-anchored on carbon nanotubes, we achieve enhanced cathodic ammonia (NH₃) production that is well matched with efficient anodic thiosulfate formation. This paired NO₃R-SOR system enables the direct synthesis of ammonium thiosulfate, a valuable fertilizer feedstock, via simple mixing of the anolyte and catholyte. Kinetic analysis reveals that the improved NH₃ production originates from a relay of the ^*NO₂ from Cu- to Co-sites, allowing both active-sites to bypass their respective rate-limiting steps. Based on these insights, we demonstrate an integrated NO₃R||SOR system that substantially lowers the required cell voltage compared with conventional NO₃R||OER (oxygen evolution reaction) systems, achieving a 64% reduction in energy consumption at 200 mA cm⁻². Preliminary techno-economic analysis further suggests a substantial increase in energy-normalized product value, highlighting a sustainable approach for coupled waste treatment and chemical production.

随着可再生电力平准化成本的不断降低，电催化废物处理和增值作为将废物分子转化为有价值化学品的可持续途径越来越受到关注。在这里，我们报告了一种节能策略，将硝酸盐还原（NO3R）与硫化物氧化反应（SOR）结合起来，同时修复污染物并产生增值化学品。通过使用双催化剂复合材料，其中钴聚酞菁（CoPc）和铜聚酞菁（CuPc）共锚定在碳纳米管上，我们实现了阴极氨（NH3）的增强生产，这与高效的阳极硫代硫酸盐形成很好地匹配。这种配对的NO3R-SOR系统可以通过简单的阳极液和阴极液混合直接合成硫代硫酸铵，这是一种有价值的肥料原料。动力学分析表明，NH3的生成源于*NO2从Cu-到co -位点的接力反应，从而使两个活性位点绕过各自的限速步骤。基于这些见解，我们展示了一个集成的NO3R b| |SOR系统，与传统的NO3R||OER（氧释放反应）系统相比，该系统大大降低了所需的电池电压，在200 mA cm - 2时实现了64%的能耗降低。初步的技术经济分析进一步表明，能源标准化产品价值大幅增加，突出了废物处理和化学品生产相结合的可持续办法。

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引用次数: 0

Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Nanoreactor With Hetero-Coordinated Fe–P–Co Bridges for Whole-Pathway-Regulated Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction 具有异配Fe-P-Co桥的生物启发层次纳米反应器用于全途径调节的电催化氧还原

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202522781

Qiaoling Xu, Lei Zhang, Xiayu Li, Weihang Xu, Linyi Ren, Mai Xu, Yingtang Zhou, Hermenegildo Garcia

Efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) requires coordination of oxygen adsorption, transport, and catalysis at active sites. Yet most studies address only one step, overlooking whole-pathway O₂ regulation and thus limiting performance. Here, we report a bioinspired Co-doped Fe₂P on N-doped carbon featuring a hierarchical eucalyptus-like nanoarchitecture, engineered to regulate oxygen throughout the electrochemical cycle, where Fe–P–Co hetero-coordinated bridges anchored to the carbon substrate through Fe─N bonds induce strong electronic coupling and polarization. The hierarchical structure generated local electric fields that enriched OH⁻ and O₂, while multilevel porosity accelerated oxygen transport. This enabled coordinated optimization of oxygen adsorption, transfer, and active-site electronic configuration. This nanohybrid achieved a half-wave potential of 0.938 V vs. RHE, sustained discharge in Al-air batteries for 373 h, and delivered an energy density of 3487 Wh/kg. Theoretical simulations revealed that Co-doping shortened Fe─P bonds and tuned the Fe electronic environment, lowering the d-band center and weakening Fe 3d-O 2p interactions, which reduced the *OH desorption barrier and accelerated ORR kinetics. In situ Raman spectroscopy revealed that Fe–P–Co bridges served as active centers facilitating *OH release during ORR. These findings indicate that integrating hierarchical architecture, hetero-coordinated Fe–P–Co bridges, and electronic-state modulation enables whole-pathway O₂ management for efficient oxygen electrocatalysis.

有效的氧还原反应（ORR）需要氧在活性位点的吸附、转运和催化的协调。然而，大多数研究只解决了一个步骤，忽略了全途径的氧气调节，从而限制了表现。在这里，我们报告了一种生物启发的共掺杂Fe2P在N掺杂碳上，具有层次化桉树状纳米结构，用于调节整个电化学循环中的氧气，其中Fe - p -co异质配位桥通过Fe─N键锚定在碳衬底上，诱导强电子耦合和极化。分层结构产生的局部电场富集了OH−和O2，而多层孔隙加速了氧的输运。这使得氧吸附、转移和活性位点电子构型的协调优化成为可能。与RHE相比，该纳米混合材料的半波电位为0.938 V，在铝空气电池中持续放电373 h，能量密度为3487 Wh/kg。理论模拟表明，共掺杂缩短了Fe─P键，调整了Fe电子环境，降低了d波段中心，减弱了Fe 3d-O - 2p相互作用，从而降低了*OH解吸势垒，加速了ORR动力学。原位拉曼光谱显示Fe-P-Co桥在ORR过程中作为促进*OH释放的活性中心。这些发现表明，将层次结构、Fe-P-Co异质配位桥和电子态调制集成在一起，可以实现高效氧电催化的全途径O2管理。

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引用次数: 0

Matrix Stiffness Governs Fibroblasts' Regulation of Gingival Immune Homeostasis. 基质硬度影响成纤维细胞对牙龈免疫稳态的调节。

IF 26.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202520717

Hardik Makkar, Nghi Tran, Yu-Chang Chen, Kang I Ko, Rebecca G Wells, Kyle H Vining

Periodontal disease is characterized by inflamed gingival tissues and degradation of the gingival extracellular matrix (ECM), yet the role of mechanical cues remains poorly understood. Gingival ECM in periodontal disease showed reduced fibrillar collagen compared to healthy samples. We hypothesized that ECM softening in periodontal disease contributes to inflammation by dysregulating gingival fibroblasts (GFs). A mechanically tunable hydrogel model of the gingival ECM was developed to investigate the mechano-immune crosstalk. Stiff and soft collagen-alginate hydrogels matched the rheological properties of healthy and diseased gingival biopsies respectively. Human donor GFs encapsulated in these stiff hydrogels showed significantly suppressed toll-like receptor-mediated inflammatory responses compared to those in soft hydrogels. The non-canonical NFκB pathway and epigenetic nuclear organization directed stiffness-dependent inflammatory responses of GFs. The direct impact of mechanical cues on immune responses was investigated ex vivo by co-culture of donor-derived human GFs with myeloid cells and in human gingival explants. Myeloid progenitors co-cultured with GFs in stiff hydrogels differentiated into immunomodulatory dendritic cells. Ex vivo crosslinking of human gingival tissue increased stiffness and reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines. Gingival mechano-immune regulation offers a novel approach to biomaterial-based treatments for periodontitis.

牙周病的特征是牙龈组织发炎和牙龈细胞外基质（ECM）降解，但机械线索的作用仍然知之甚少。与健康样本相比，牙周病的牙龈ECM显示纤维性胶原蛋白减少。我们假设牙周病中的ECM软化通过失调牙龈成纤维细胞（GFs）导致炎症。为了研究机械免疫串扰，建立了一种机械可调的牙龈ECM水凝胶模型。坚硬和柔软的胶原-海藻酸盐水凝胶分别符合健康和患病牙龈活检的流变学特性。与软水凝胶相比，包裹在这些硬水凝胶中的人供体GFs显示出明显抑制toll样受体介导的炎症反应。非典型NFκB通路和表观遗传核组织指导GFs的刚度依赖性炎症反应。机械信号对免疫反应的直接影响通过供体来源的人GFs与骨髓细胞和人牙龈外植体共培养进行了研究。髓系祖细胞与GFs在硬水凝胶中共培养分化为免疫调节树突状细胞。人牙龈组织的体外交联增加了硬度，减少了炎症细胞因子的产生。牙龈机械免疫调节为基于生物材料的牙周炎治疗提供了一种新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetically Controlled Delivery of Injectable Magnetoactive Adhesive Hydrogel for Vascular Repair in the Challenging Blood Environment 在具有挑战性的血液环境中用于血管修复的可注射磁活性粘接水凝胶的磁控制递送

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202523024

Donglin Xie, Zhuopeng Liu, Zuo Pu, Jing Liu, Maosen Deng, Jiang Bian, Shuang Guo, Hui Zong, Yong Jiang, Jun Yue, Chang Shu, Zhe Li

Repairing abnormal vessels in the complex fluidic and biological environment of blood remains challenging. Current approaches, such as non-adhesive polymeric sealants or vessel coiling, have unsatisfactory outcomes. Here, we present an injectable magnetoactive adhesive hydrogel (iMAH) for vascular repair in the challenging blood environment. Designed with biocompatible functional components, including the superparamagnetic component, a bio-inspired tissue adhesive, and quick-crosslinking agents, the catheter-deployable iMAH can be magnetically guided to a targeted site, quickly crosslink within approximately 2 s, and strongly adhere to the vessel surface in dynamic conditions with circulating and pressurized blood. Moreover, magnetic actuation enables targeted gel deployment and can drive the iMAH into a narrow and confined space, squeezing out interfacial fluid to facilitate high-strength tissue adhesion, as systematically investigated in vitro. Magnetically controlled delivery of iMAH for vascular repair has been demonstrated in a large-animal beagle dog model; branching lumbar arteries from the abdominal aorta, mimicking the opening of a ruptured artery, were successfully embolized under magnetic guidance using a 5-axis magnetic vascular robot. With these demonstrated features, magnetically controlled delivery of injectable magnetoactive adhesive hydrogel provides a promising solution for vascular repair such as sealing ruptured vessels or embolizing abnormal arteries in the challenging blood environment.

在复杂的血液流体和生物环境中修复异常血管仍然是一个挑战。目前的方法，如非粘性聚合物密封剂或血管卷绕，效果不理想。在这里，我们提出了一种可注射的磁活性黏附水凝胶（iMAH），用于在具有挑战性的血液环境中进行血管修复。设计了生物相容性功能组件，包括超顺磁性组件，仿生组织粘合剂和快速交联剂，导管可展开的iMAH可以被磁引导到目标位置，在大约2秒内快速交联，并在循环和加压血液的动态条件下牢固地粘附在血管表面。此外，正如在体外系统研究的那样，磁驱动可以实现靶向凝胶部署，并可以将iMAH驱动到狭窄的密闭空间中，挤出界面流体以促进高强度的组织粘附。在大型动物比格犬模型中，已证实磁控递送iMAH用于血管修复；在五轴磁性血管机器人的磁引导下，模拟破裂动脉的开口，从腹主动脉分支腰椎动脉成功栓塞。有了这些已证明的特性，可注射磁活性黏附水凝胶的磁控制递送为血管修复提供了一个很有前景的解决方案，例如在具有挑战性的血液环境中密封破裂的血管或栓塞异常动脉。

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引用次数: 0

Arbitrary Total Angular Momentum Vectorial Holography Using Bi-Layer Metasurfaces. 利用双层超表面的任意总角动量矢量全息。

IF 26.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202519106

Joonkyo Jung, Hyeonhee Kim, Jonghwa Shin

Advanced holographic techniques are increasingly demanded for high-capacity and secure information processing. In this context, orbital angular momentum (OAM) stands out as a powerful resource for optical multiplexing, offering access to an unbounded set of orthogonal modes. To harness this potential, metasurfaces, with their considerable ability to control light, have emerged as key platforms for OAM-multiplexed holography. Nevertheless, conventional OAM holography suffers from limited polarization engineering capabilities due to the lack of chirality control in single-layer metasurfaces. Here, we introduce a bi-layer metasurface architecture that realizes total angular momentum (TAM) vectorial holography, where TAM represents the combination of spin angular momentum (SAM, equivalent to polarization) and OAM of light. In contrast to previous approaches, this scheme enables true polarization-OAM multiplexing, facilitating the independent generation of vectorial holographic images for each orthogonal TAM input state. This concept is validated numerically and experimentally, confirming the feasibility of TAM vectorial holography. The proposed scheme can be easily integrated with other recent holography generation approaches, such as vector beam multiplexing and bidirectional holography, thereby further expanding its multiplexing capability. This work establishes a versatile framework for advanced full-vectorial holography, showing how metasurfaces can unlock multiplexing strategies for emerging photonic systems.

高容量和安全的信息处理日益需要先进的全息技术。在这种情况下，轨道角动量（OAM）作为光复用的强大资源脱颖而出，提供了无限正交模式的访问。为了利用这一潜力，具有相当大的光控制能力的超表面已经成为oam复用全息术的关键平台。然而，由于缺乏单层超表面的手性控制，传统的OAM全息技术的偏振工程能力有限。本文介绍了一种实现总角动量（TAM）矢量全息的双层超表面结构，其中TAM表示光的自旋角动量（SAM，相当于偏振）和OAM的组合。与之前的方法相比，该方案实现了真正的极化- oam复用，便于为每个正交TAM输入状态独立生成矢量全息图像。数值和实验验证了这一概念，证实了TAM矢量全息的可行性。该方案可以很容易地与其他最近的全息生成方法集成，例如矢量波束复用和双向全息，从而进一步扩展其复用能力。这项工作为先进的全矢量全息建立了一个通用的框架，展示了超表面如何为新兴的光子系统解锁多路复用策略。

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引用次数: 0

A Wireless, Bioresorbable Postoperative Treatment System with Temperature Feedback, Photothermal, and Drug Combination Therapy 具有温度反馈、光热和药物联合治疗的无线、生物可吸收的术后治疗系统

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202522601

Huasheng Bi, Hongwei Sheng, Zhaopeng Wang, Qi Wang, Lin Li, Mingxuan Shang, Fengfeng Li, Lei Ma, Jinkun Hu, Daicao Wan, Yafang Li, Mingjiao Shao, Qingfang Liu, Kairong Wang, Jing Wang, Cunjiang Yu, Wei Lan

Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a significant challenge for the long-term survival of patients. Although synergistic combination therapies involving photothermal therapy and local chemotherapy show considerable promise, critical obstacles remain to clinical translation, such as insufficient temperature monitoring and the difficulty in integrating multiple therapeutic functions. Herein, we report a wireless, bioresorbable postoperative treatment system that integrates temperature feedback, photothermal therapy, and on-demand drug release within a single implantable platform. An asymmetrically interconnected inductive-capacitive (LC) sensor layout enables in situ, real-time temperature monitoring via inductive coupling, while a photothermal patch provides localized heating and controlled drug release. In vitro and in vivo studies, such as the S180 tumor model, demonstrate effective thermal control, stable wireless operation, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The device can be implanted after tumor resection surgery to perform its therapeutic functions, and subsequently degrade and be absorbed by the body, providing a multifunctional and clinically compatible strategy for postoperative tumor management.

术后肿瘤复发仍然是患者长期生存的重大挑战。尽管包括光热疗法和局部化疗在内的协同联合疗法显示出相当大的前景，但临床转化仍然存在关键障碍，例如温度监测不足和难以整合多种治疗功能。在此，我们报告了一种无线、生物可吸收的术后治疗系统，该系统将温度反馈、光热治疗和按需药物释放集成在一个单一的植入式平台中。非对称互连的电感-电容（LC）传感器布局可通过电感耦合实现现场实时温度监测，而光热贴片可提供局部加热和控制药物释放。体外和体内研究，如S180肿瘤模型，证明了有效的热控制，稳定的无线操作，提高了治疗效果。该装置可以在肿瘤切除手术后植入，发挥其治疗功能，随后降解并被人体吸收，为术后肿瘤治疗提供多功能和临床兼容的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Stiff to Soft: A Protein-Based Buffer Layer for Improving the Long-Term Performance of Microneedle Sensors 硬到软：一种基于蛋白质的缓冲层，用于改善微针传感器的长期性能

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202520745

Lihao Guo, Youbin Zheng, Shuxiang Xu, Bingbing Feng, Kan Wang, Rou Huang, Gandong Zhou, Chutong Liu, Rawan Omar, Danyao Qu, Jinbao Li, Min Zhang, Weiwei Wu, Guangjian Zhang, Lina Huang, Hossam Haick, Miaomiao Yuan

Long-term monitoring of electrolyte dynamics is essential for managing chronic diseases. Conventional diagnostic tests are steadily evolving toward greater convenience, personalization, and accuracy, while wearable microneedle sensors offer a compelling alternative. However, their long-term biocompatibility is hampered by the mechanical stiffness required to penetrate the skin. Here we report a crosslinking–recombination bovine serum albumin (CR-BSA) coating that undergoes a unique stiff-to-soft transition, reconciling insertion capability with tissue compatibility. For Na⁺ sensing, CR-BSA serves as a functional buffer layer, delivering high sensitivity (70.6 µA/decade) and stability for more than 14 days, while significantly reducing inflammation and fibrosis compared with commercial Nafion coatings. CR-BSA–coated microneedle sensors achieve reliable continuous monitoring of both acute and chronic hyponatremia and hypernatremia for over five days. This stiff-to-soft coating strategy overcomes a central barrier to microneedle sensor integration, advancing the prospects of long-term, minimally invasive electrolyte monitoring for chronic disease management.

长期监测电解质动态是必不可少的管理慢性疾病。传统的诊断测试正朝着更方便、更个性化和更准确的方向稳步发展，而可穿戴微针传感器则提供了一个令人信服的替代方案。然而，它们的长期生物相容性受到穿透皮肤所需的机械刚度的阻碍。在这里，我们报道了一种交联重组牛血清白蛋白（CR-BSA）涂层，它经历了独特的从硬到软的转变，调和了插入能力和组织相容性。对于Na+传感，CR-BSA作为功能性缓冲层，提供高灵敏度（70.6 μ a / 10年）和超过14天的稳定性，同时与商业Nafion涂层相比，显着减少炎症和纤维化。cr - bsa涂层微针传感器可实现5天以上的急性和慢性低钠血症和高钠血症的可靠连续监测。这种从硬到软的涂层策略克服了微针传感器集成的中心障碍，促进了慢性疾病管理中长期、微创电解质监测的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Heterojunction in Van Der Waals Fe1+yTe Film With Gradient Fe Doping 范德华Fe1+yTe薄膜中梯度Fe掺杂积分反铁磁/铁磁异质结

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202517358

Daheng Liu, Rong Chen, Hao Zhou, Hui Zhang, Lin Ma, Jing Wang, Jingping Cui, Yan Liang, Nan Huang, Geliang Yu, Wanting Xu, Mengmeng Yang, Qian Li, Fangyuan Zhu, Zhenhui Ma, Zhipeng Hou, Nianjun Yang, Weijun Ren, Da Li, Xing-Qiu Chen, Bing Li, Yan Sun, Song Ma, Zhidong Zhang

Manipulating heterojunction architecture in van der Waals (vdW) magnets plays a significant role in developing exotic low-dimensional spintronic physics and technological innovations in quantum computing. However, the conventional heterostructure strategy to engineer a vdW device through complicated and cumbersome stacking strategies is facing a high fabrication cost. Tailoring broken time-reversal symmetries to integrate a distinct magnetic order into a vdW system, by only employing a simplified geometry and the advantage of unique components, currently remains highly challenging. In this work we propose the use of a gradient doping of magnetic atoms in bicollinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) parent vdW magnet to fabricate an AFM/ferromagnetic (FM) heterojunction in a single Fe₁₊_yTe film, which enables an exchange bias (EB) effect. We demonstrate the emergence of robust FM order and an EB effect in a vdW Fe_1+yTe film. This originates from heavy Fe doping in the interfacial layers and the breaking of symmetry in the bicollinear AFM order within the lightly doped layers away from the interface. This work not only opens a new avenue for manipulating AFM/FM heterojunction in a single parent vdW system but also provides new insights into understanding the production of the EB effect on the bicollinear AFM vdW device platform.

操纵范德华磁体中的异质结结构在发展低维自旋电子物理和量子计算技术创新方面发挥着重要作用。然而，传统的异质结构策略通过复杂而繁琐的堆叠策略来设计vdW器件，面临着高昂的制造成本。通过使用简化的几何结构和独特组件的优势，裁剪破碎的时间反转对称性，将独特的磁顺序集成到vdW系统中，目前仍然具有很高的挑战性。在这项工作中，我们提出在双共线反铁磁（AFM）母体vdW磁体中使用磁性原子梯度掺杂，在单个Fe1+yTe薄膜中制造AFM/铁磁（FM）异质结，从而实现交换偏置（EB）效应。我们证明了在vdW Fe1+yTe薄膜中出现稳健的FM顺序和EB效应。这源于界面层中铁的重掺杂和远离界面的轻掺杂层中双共线AFM顺序对称性的破坏。这项工作不仅为在单亲vdW系统中操纵AFM/FM异质结开辟了新的途径，而且为理解双共线AFM vdW器件平台上EB效应的产生提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Engineering Heteroatomic Nanotraps in Vinyl-Benzazole COFs: Record Capacity and 99% Selectivity for Photocatalytic Gold Recovery From E-Waste 乙烯基-苯并唑COFs的工程杂原子纳米捕集器：记录容量和99%选择性光催化从电子废物中回收金

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72446

Quanquan Yang, Shengxu Li, Junyi Han, Mengwei Chen, Wenkai Zhao, Sheng Wang, Raul D. Rodriguez, Tao Zhang

The recovery of gold from electronic waste is a critical environmental and technological challenge for a circular and sustainable economy. Conventional methods for gold recovery often suffer from low efficiency, poor selectivity, and reliance on harsh chemicals. In this work, we engineered three vinyl-azole-bridged covalent organic frameworks (COFs), systematically controlling heteroatom motifs to elucidate the structure-activity relationships behind gold ion adsorption and photocatalytic reduction. This strategic incorporation of azole-based units yielded hydrogen-bonded nanotraps along the pore walls, thereby maximizing active-site density and enhancing electrostatic interactions for the selective capture of gold ions. We found that all these COFs show gold adsorption capacities exceeding 3600 mg g⁻¹, with the thiazole-containing COF—featuring both nitrogen and sulfur—exhibiting the highest binding affinity and photocatalytic efficiency to a record value of 4658.1 mg g⁻¹ under optimal conditions and a 99.2% efficiency for gold extraction. These results are confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and real e-waste recovery experiments. The highly conjugated framework facilitates synergistic photoreduction of Au(III) to Au(0), exploiting the unique interplay between heteroatom chemistry, microenvironment engineering, and light-driven redox processes. This work introduces a new class of COF photocatalysts engineered with heteroatomic nanotraps, achieving exceptional gold recovery efficiency.

从电子废物中回收黄金对循环和可持续经济来说是一个关键的环境和技术挑战。传统的金回收方法常常存在效率低、选择性差和依赖刺激性化学物质的问题。在这项工作中，我们设计了三个乙烯基-唑桥接的共价有机框架（COFs），系统地控制杂原子基序，以阐明金离子吸附和光催化还原背后的结构-活性关系。这种基于唑基单元的战略性结合产生了沿着孔壁的氢键纳米陷阱，从而最大限度地提高了活性位点密度，并增强了选择性捕获金离子的静电相互作用。研究发现，所有COFs的金吸附量均超过3600 mg g - 1，其中含噻唑的COFs具有最高的结合亲和力和光催化效率，在最佳条件下达到创纪录的4658.1 mg g - 1，萃取金的效率为99.2%。这些结果被密度泛函理论（DFT）计算、x射线光电子能谱和实际电子废物回收实验证实。高度共轭的框架促进了Au（III）的协同光还原为Au(0)，利用了杂原子化学、微环境工程和光驱动氧化还原过程之间独特的相互作用。本研究介绍了一种新型的杂原子纳米陷阱COF光催化剂，实现了优异的金回收效率。

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引用次数: 0

In-Situ Photoluminescence for Perovskite Crystallization: Bridging Mechanistic Insights and Device Engineering Control 钙钛矿原位光致发光结晶：桥接机理和器件工程控制

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202518643

Haoran Yang, Hu Guo, Yunfan Wang, Ruihao Chen, Sai-Wing Tsang, Yuanhang Cheng

Metal halide perovskite solar cells have reached record efficiencies of over 27% within two decades, yet their photovoltaic performance and operational stability remain highly sensitive to the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite films. Conventional characterization techniques capture only static states, overlooking the transient crystallization processes that govern perovskite film quality. In-situ photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful, non-invasive (under moderate laser illumination) tool for real-time tracking of nucleation, crystal growth, phase transitions, and defect evolution in metal halide perovskites. This review summarizes recent advances in in-situ PL instrumentation, ranging from single-point and multi-probe configurations to multi-channel imaging approaches, and highlights the use of in-situ PL in elucidating crystallization pathways across pure, mixed-cation, and mixed-halide perovskites. We further discuss how in-situ PL reveals the impact of antisolvents, additives, interfacial engineering, and processing conditions on perovskite film formation, and highlight the importance of integrating in-situ PL with complementary in-situ and ex-situ techniques to achieve a comprehensive understanding of perovskite nucleation and crystallization mechanisms. Looking ahead, coupling in-situ PL with machine learning offers an intelligent route toward predictive process control and closed-loop optimization, accelerating the scalable manufacturing with high-quality perovskite films and commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics from lab to fab.

金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池在20年内达到了创纪录的27%以上的效率，但其光伏性能和运行稳定性对钙钛矿薄膜的成核和结晶仍然高度敏感。传统的表征技术只能捕获静态状态，而忽略了控制钙钛矿薄膜质量的瞬态结晶过程。原位光致发光（PL）光谱已经成为一种强大的、非侵入性的（在中等激光照明下）工具，用于实时跟踪金属卤化物钙钛矿的成核、晶体生长、相变和缺陷演变。本文综述了原位PL仪器的最新进展，从单点和多探针配置到多通道成像方法，并强调了原位PL在阐明纯钙钛矿、混合阳离子钙钛矿和混合卤化物钙钛矿结晶途径中的应用。我们进一步讨论了原位PL如何揭示反溶剂、添加剂、界面工程和加工条件对钙钛矿薄膜形成的影响，并强调了将原位PL与互补的原位和非原位技术相结合的重要性，以实现对钙钛矿成核和结晶机制的全面理解。展望未来，将原位PL与机器学习相结合，为预测过程控制和闭环优化提供了一条智能途径，加速了高质量钙钛矿薄膜的可扩展制造和钙钛矿光伏电池从实验室到工厂的商业化。

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引用次数: 0