Pub Date : 2018-09-25DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.5.00214
Jes Paul
The intestinal tract is summoned with many multifarious and arduous task like digestion and nutrient absorption. The host has to provide a serene coexistence with this divergent microbial community, as the gut lumen cherish an huge number of microorganisms. Appropriate detection and expulsion of pathogenic microorganisms is a way of avoidance along with prevention of an inordinate immune response against commensals.1–4 The intestinal mucosa is supplied with diverse specific and unspecific safeguarding mechanisms that unitedly build a obscure and effectual mucosal barrier, in order to thinder a injurious adhesion and encouragement of microorganisms.5,6 The symptoms of this disease are manifested as Diarrhoea, Fever and fatigue, Abdominal pain and cramping, Blood in your stool, reduced appetite and Unintended weight loss.
{"title":"The labor of intestinal fence in inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Jes Paul","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.5.00214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.5.00214","url":null,"abstract":"The intestinal tract is summoned with many multifarious and arduous task like digestion and nutrient absorption. The host has to provide a serene coexistence with this divergent microbial community, as the gut lumen cherish an huge number of microorganisms. Appropriate detection and expulsion of pathogenic microorganisms is a way of avoidance along with prevention of an inordinate immune response against commensals.1–4 The intestinal mucosa is supplied with diverse specific and unspecific safeguarding mechanisms that unitedly build a obscure and effectual mucosal barrier, in order to thinder a injurious adhesion and encouragement of microorganisms.5,6 The symptoms of this disease are manifested as Diarrhoea, Fever and fatigue, Abdominal pain and cramping, Blood in your stool, reduced appetite and Unintended weight loss.","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"3 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120833894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00212
Samina Malik, Qanita Mahmud, Amna Ilyas, S. Afzal, Muhammad Usama Safdar, Zain ul Abedin, G. Murtaza, W. Latif
Depression, anxiety and stress, nowadays, are quite common conditions with a prevalence of 60.8%, 64.3% and 62.4% respectively as identified in a study conducted in Egypt.1 Similar trends have been observed in other parts of the world too, for example, Franciscan University in United States showed a 231% increase in annual visits related to issues of mental health. This particularly holds true for college students who are facing innumerable mental health issues these days most notably being depression, anxiety and stress.1,2 Depression refers to a common mental disorder which is characterized by low mood and energy, loss of interest, disturbed appetite and sleep and lowered self-esteem.3 While depression is a well defined mental disorder, anxiety is defined as an apprehensive uneasiness of mind as a consequence of some anticipated trouble.4 On the other hand, stress refers to the reaction of a person to some challenging situation.4,5 Stress results in different body manifestations like irritability, lack of concentration, tension and a variety of physical conditions.5 All these three conditions are characterized by considerable impact on human mind.
{"title":"Were you still stressed….while you were sleeping?","authors":"Samina Malik, Qanita Mahmud, Amna Ilyas, S. Afzal, Muhammad Usama Safdar, Zain ul Abedin, G. Murtaza, W. Latif","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00212","url":null,"abstract":"Depression, anxiety and stress, nowadays, are quite common conditions with a prevalence of 60.8%, 64.3% and 62.4% respectively as identified in a study conducted in Egypt.1 Similar trends have been observed in other parts of the world too, for example, Franciscan University in United States showed a 231% increase in annual visits related to issues of mental health. This particularly holds true for college students who are facing innumerable mental health issues these days most notably being depression, anxiety and stress.1,2 Depression refers to a common mental disorder which is characterized by low mood and energy, loss of interest, disturbed appetite and sleep and lowered self-esteem.3 While depression is a well defined mental disorder, anxiety is defined as an apprehensive uneasiness of mind as a consequence of some anticipated trouble.4 On the other hand, stress refers to the reaction of a person to some challenging situation.4,5 Stress results in different body manifestations like irritability, lack of concentration, tension and a variety of physical conditions.5 All these three conditions are characterized by considerable impact on human mind.","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121600003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.5.00212
Samina Malik, Qanita Mahmud, Amna Ilyas, S. Afzal, Muhammad Safdar, Z. Abedin, G. Murtaza, W. Latif
{"title":"Were you still stressed....while you were sleeping","authors":"Samina Malik, Qanita Mahmud, Amna Ilyas, S. Afzal, Muhammad Safdar, Z. Abedin, G. Murtaza, W. Latif","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.5.00212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.5.00212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123510219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-18DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00211
A. Liaudat, Nora Mayer, A. Vivas, M. C. Romanini, P. Bosch, Nancy Rodríguez
The prenatal and early postnatal life stages are both dynamic and vulnerable phases during mammalian development. Exposure to adverse factors that interfere with this critical sequence of events places the exposed individual to a higher risk of developing various disorders in adult life.1–3 For instance, high blood glucocorticoids concentration in pregnant stressed females crossing the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barriers,4 can affect brain development, birth weight and HPA axis function in offspring.5
{"title":"Attenuation effects of prenatal stress by early postnatal stimulation in different research models","authors":"A. Liaudat, Nora Mayer, A. Vivas, M. C. Romanini, P. Bosch, Nancy Rodríguez","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00211","url":null,"abstract":"The prenatal and early postnatal life stages are both dynamic and vulnerable phases during mammalian development. Exposure to adverse factors that interfere with this critical sequence of events places the exposed individual to a higher risk of developing various disorders in adult life.1–3 For instance, high blood glucocorticoids concentration in pregnant stressed females crossing the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barriers,4 can affect brain development, birth weight and HPA axis function in offspring.5","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124008296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-17DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00210
Akhilesh Rawat, A. Singh, Gyanendra Kumar, P. Upadhyay, Rajeev Nema
Cancer incidence rates are growing rapidly globally and according to the estimation from the World Health Organization (WHO), there will be 21.7 million people diagnosed with cancer. At present, cancer is the second leading cause of death around the globe. Most of the increase is expected to be concentrated in developing countries due to heavy smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity and environmental pollutions. In 2012, it was observed that the lung cancer was among the 10 most commonly founded cancers that are frequently diagnosed worldwide (Lung cancer statistics). The third-most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women is the lung cancer (Cancer statistics, 2017).
{"title":"Emerging role of EGFR and lung cancer treatments","authors":"Akhilesh Rawat, A. Singh, Gyanendra Kumar, P. Upadhyay, Rajeev Nema","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00210","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer incidence rates are growing rapidly globally and according to the estimation from the World Health Organization (WHO), there will be 21.7 million people diagnosed with cancer. At present, cancer is the second leading cause of death around the globe. Most of the increase is expected to be concentrated in developing countries due to heavy smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity and environmental pollutions. In 2012, it was observed that the lung cancer was among the 10 most commonly founded cancers that are frequently diagnosed worldwide (Lung cancer statistics). The third-most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women is the lung cancer (Cancer statistics, 2017).","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126209692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-17DOI: 10.15406/MOJAP.2018.05.00213
Babale Dm, Millam Jj, H. Hassan, Kefas Bw
Body dimensions in different livestock species have been studied by many scientists. Therefore the assessments of the powers of body measurements in the estimation of weights and the accuracy of body weights in the estimation of size have been reported.1 The ability of the producers and buyers to relate the live animal measurements to growth characteristics is essential for optimum production and value based trading system.2
{"title":"Linear body and reproductive organ characteristics of West African Dwarf goats fed groundnut haulms and cowpea husk with brewers dried grain supplement","authors":"Babale Dm, Millam Jj, H. Hassan, Kefas Bw","doi":"10.15406/MOJAP.2018.05.00213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJAP.2018.05.00213","url":null,"abstract":"Body dimensions in different livestock species have been studied by many scientists. Therefore the assessments of the powers of body measurements in the estimation of weights and the accuracy of body weights in the estimation of size have been reported.1 The ability of the producers and buyers to relate the live animal measurements to growth characteristics is essential for optimum production and value based trading system.2","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125025293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-04DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00209
Diego Alej, R. Peñaloza, Leidy Carolina Garcia Mendieta
Ovarian masses are common findings in the female population, remains a common consultation in primary care, which is very important to make a proper approach of adnexal masses always trying to categorize them according to their classification can be functional as follicular cysts and pathological as neoplasms are benign and malignant as ovarian or cystadenomas as cystadenocarcinomas. In the present documental review case of a 24 year old woman with left adnexal mass corresponds to giant cystadenoma (37cms) which is defined as a cystic structure greater ovarian of 15cms (10) is present which generates this particular case a compressive effect on the right ureter which leads to a right hydronephrosis.
{"title":"Hydronephrosis secondary to giant ovarian cystadenoma: report of a case","authors":"Diego Alej, R. Peñaloza, Leidy Carolina Garcia Mendieta","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00209","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian masses are common findings in the female population, remains a common consultation in primary care, which is very important to make a proper approach of adnexal masses always trying to categorize them according to their classification can be functional as follicular cysts and pathological as neoplasms are benign and malignant as ovarian or cystadenomas as cystadenocarcinomas. In the present documental review case of a 24 year old woman with left adnexal mass corresponds to giant cystadenoma (37cms) which is defined as a cystic structure greater ovarian of 15cms (10) is present which generates this particular case a compressive effect on the right ureter which leads to a right hydronephrosis.","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115507238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-24DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00208
Flores P Estefanía, Mellado B Alejandro N, Cattaneo UF Gino, Olivares PM Ricardo
The advances in veterinary odontology have given a great importance to the anatomy of the oral cavity. In this field, teeth are one of the anatomical parts which take place in most of the cases. Knowing the normal structure of each tooth, recognizing a problem in the dental formula, correctly identifying each piece in a written way and being able to transmit this information with the usage of a professional nomenclature are of big importance on a patient’s record. With all the above, the professional can keep a precise record of dental pathologies and lower the risk of committing mistakes in dental procedures such as extractions. The dental nomenclature is the way to identify a dental piece in a fast and precise way.
{"title":"Teeth’s anatomy and dental nomenclatures of small animals","authors":"Flores P Estefanía, Mellado B Alejandro N, Cattaneo UF Gino, Olivares PM Ricardo","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00208","url":null,"abstract":"The advances in veterinary odontology have given a great importance to the anatomy of the oral cavity. In this field, teeth are one of the anatomical parts which take place in most of the cases. Knowing the normal structure of each tooth, recognizing a problem in the dental formula, correctly identifying each piece in a written way and being able to transmit this information with the usage of a professional nomenclature are of big importance on a patient’s record. With all the above, the professional can keep a precise record of dental pathologies and lower the risk of committing mistakes in dental procedures such as extractions. The dental nomenclature is the way to identify a dental piece in a fast and precise way.","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131357299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-21DOI: 10.15406/MOJAP.2018.05.00207
Anil Kumar, M. L. Ajmani, P. Klinkhachorn
The heart is supplied by two coronary arteries (left and right) and their branches, which are located between the epicardium and myocardium. The right (RCA) and the left coronary arteries (LCA) arise from the aortic sinus of valsalva at the root of the aorta and encircle the base of ventricles like a crown.1 The LCA is responsible for irrigation of most of the left ventricle and also a considerable proportion of the right ventricle.2 It lies between the pulmonary trunk and the left atrial auricle, emerging into the atrioventricular (AV) groove, in which it turns left. Reaching the atrioventricular (AV) groove, the LCA usually divides into two main branches: left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex artery (CA).3
{"title":"Morphological variation and dimensions of left coronary artery: a cadaveric study","authors":"Anil Kumar, M. L. Ajmani, P. Klinkhachorn","doi":"10.15406/MOJAP.2018.05.00207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJAP.2018.05.00207","url":null,"abstract":"The heart is supplied by two coronary arteries (left and right) and their branches, which are located between the epicardium and myocardium. The right (RCA) and the left coronary arteries (LCA) arise from the aortic sinus of valsalva at the root of the aorta and encircle the base of ventricles like a crown.1 The LCA is responsible for irrigation of most of the left ventricle and also a considerable proportion of the right ventricle.2 It lies between the pulmonary trunk and the left atrial auricle, emerging into the atrioventricular (AV) groove, in which it turns left. Reaching the atrioventricular (AV) groove, the LCA usually divides into two main branches: left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex artery (CA).3","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126661033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-20DOI: 10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00206
Gabriel Miranda Nava
{"title":"Understanding the Insomnia","authors":"Gabriel Miranda Nava","doi":"10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojap.2018.05.00206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":115147,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Anatomy & Physiology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123674699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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