Electronic Journal of Biotechnology最新文献_第3页

Onion peel-mediated biosynthesis of TiO2-ZnO bimetallic nanoparticles: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer activities 洋葱皮介导的TiO2-ZnO双金属纳米颗粒的生物合成：抗菌、抗生物膜和抗癌活性

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.06.001

Ebrahim Saied , Ahmed S. Doghish , Mohamed K.Y. Soliman , Walaa A. El-Dakroury , Abeer S. Aloufi , Bushra Hafeez Kiani , Amr H. Hashem

Background

The rising challenges of antibiotic resistance and cancer necessitate the development of sustainable, cost-effective, and multifunctional therapeutic agents. This study introduces a green synthesis approach for bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) using agro-waste materials.

Results

For the first time, bimetallic titanium dioxide–zinc oxide (TiO₂-ZnO) BNPs were synthesized using onion peel extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed nanoparticle formation with a peak corresponding to a size of approximately 320 nm. DLS showed an average hydrodynamic diameter of 145.1 nm, and TEM revealed monodispersed nanoparticles, ranging from 80 to 150 nm. The BNPs exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with MIC values of 500 μg/mL against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans; 1000 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus; and 250 μg/mL against Escherichia coli. They also demonstrated significant antibiofilm activity against B. subtilis-MRSA with a 63.1% inhibition rate at 125 μg/mL. Additionally, TiO₂-ZnO BNPs showed potent cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells, with an IC₅₀ of 5.97 ± 0.37 μg/mL, and anticancer activity was mediated by caspase-8 activation and VEGFR-2 downregulation.

Conclusions

This green-synthesized TiO₂-ZnO BNPs offer a promising dual-function nanoplatform for combating microbial infections and cancer, highlighting the potential of sustainable nanotechnology for biomedical applications.

How to cite: Saied E, Doghish AS, Soliman MK, et al. Onion peel-mediated biosynthesis of TiO₂-ZnO bimetallic nanoparticles: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer activities. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.06.001.

抗生素耐药性和癌症的挑战日益严峻，需要开发可持续、经济、多功能的治疗药物。本研究介绍了一种利用农业废弃物绿色合成双金属纳米颗粒的方法。结果首次以洋葱皮提取物为天然还原剂和稳定剂合成了双金属二氧化钛-氧化锌（TiO2-ZnO） BNPs。紫外可见光谱证实了纳米颗粒的形成，其峰对应的尺寸约为320 nm。DLS显示平均水动力直径为145.1 nm， TEM显示单分散的纳米颗粒，范围在80 ~ 150 nm之间。BNPs对枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌具有广谱抗菌活性，MIC值均为500 μg/mL；1000 μg/mL抗金黄色葡萄球菌；250 μg/mL抗大肠杆菌。它们对枯草芽孢杆菌- mrsa也表现出显著的抗菌膜活性，在125 μg/mL时抑制率为63.1%。此外，TiO2-ZnO BNPs对MCF-7乳腺癌细胞具有较强的细胞毒作用，IC50为5.97±0.37 μg/mL，其抑癌活性是通过激活caspase-8和下调VEGFR-2介导的。结论绿色合成的TiO2-ZnO BNPs为抗微生物感染和癌症提供了一个有前景的双功能纳米平台，突出了可持续纳米技术在生物医学应用中的潜力。如何引用：Saied E， Doghish AS， Soliman MK等人。洋葱皮介导的TiO2-ZnO双金属纳米颗粒的生物合成：抗菌、抗生物膜和抗癌活性。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;77。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.06.001。

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引用次数: 0

Mapping the genomic position of xylanase genes on Bacillus safensis FB03 and optimizing the xylanase fermentation medium by Box-Behnken Design from an unconventional carbon source 基于Box-Behnken设计的非常规碳源木聚糖酶发酵培养基优化及木聚糖酶基因定位研究

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.004

Farhana Boby , Md Nurul Huda Bhuiyan , Md Mashud Parvez , Md Jahidul Islam , Ifrat Jannati

Background

The ability of Bacillus safensis to synthesize xylanase and other industrially important enzymes utilizing lignocellulosic biomass makes it advantageous for a variety of biotechnology applications. Thus, the current investigation aimed to optimize conditions and medium components for maximizing xylanase production by a newly isolated Bacillus safensis strain using banana rachis (peel of banana tree) as a novel source of carbon.

Result

Upon employing Box-Behnken Design (BBD) statistical approach, the highest enzyme activity was obtained 25.24 U/ml at 2 g/L banana rachis, 1 g/L yeast extract, 1 g/L K₂HPO₄, 5 g/L NaNO₃, 35°C and 72 h of incubation time. The purified enzyme showed 10 times higher enzyme activity (143.6 U/ml) with 2.3 mg/ml protein concentration. The enzyme was found to maintain stability up to 60°C in a wide range of pH (6 to 10). Analysis of whole genome sequencing data revealed the presence of xylanase production and xylan metabolic genes (xynA, xynB, xylP, xylT) on Bacillus safensis FB03. Also, from genome annotation, different carbohydrate metabolic genes such as glycoside hydrolases (GHs), glycosyl transferases (GTs), polysaccharide lyases (PLs), carbohydrate esterases (CEs), auxiliary activities (AAs), and carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) were identified.

Conclusions

In accordance with our research, banana rachis can be considered as a major medium component to develop an economical fermentation process for the production of xylanase by Bacillus safensis FB03. Additionally, identification of the genomic location of xyl genes provides valuable insight towards genetic engineering for the development of a more potent industrial strain.

How to cite: Boby F, Huda Bhuiyan MN, Parvez MM, et al. Mapping the genomic position of xylanase genes on Bacillus safensis FB03 and optimizing the xylanase fermentation medium by Box-Behnken Design from an unconventional carbon source. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.004.

萨法芽孢杆菌利用木质纤维素生物质合成木聚糖酶和其他工业上重要的酶的能力使其在各种生物技术应用中具有优势。因此，本研究旨在优化新分离的萨菲芽孢杆菌菌株的条件和培养基成分，以香蕉轴（香蕉树的皮）作为新的碳源，最大限度地提高木聚糖酶的产量。结果采用Box-Behnken设计（BBD）统计方法，在香蕉茎2 g/L、酵母浸膏1 g/L、K2HPO4 1 g/L、NaNO3 5 g/L、35℃、72 h孵育条件下，酶活性最高为25.24 U/ml。当蛋白浓度为2.3 mg/ml时，酶活性提高10倍（143.6 U/ml）。发现该酶在60°C内保持稳定，pH值范围很广（6至10）。全基因组测序数据分析显示，萨福芽孢杆菌FB03存在木聚糖酶生产和木聚糖代谢基因（xynA, xynB, xylP, xylT）。此外，通过基因组注释，鉴定了不同的碳水化合物代谢基因，如糖苷水解酶（GHs）、糖基转移酶（GTs）、多糖裂解酶（PLs）、碳水化合物酯酶（CEs）、辅助活性（AAs）和碳水化合物结合模块（CBMs）。结论根据本研究结果，香蕉茎可作为萨菲芽孢杆菌FB03经济型发酵生产木聚糖酶的主要培养基成分。此外，鉴定xyl基因的基因组位置为开发更有效的工业菌株的基因工程提供了有价值的见解。引用方式：Boby F， Huda Bhuiyan MN， Parvez MM等。基于Box-Behnken设计的非常规碳源木聚糖酶发酵培养基优化及木聚糖酶基因定位研究中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;38。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.004。

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引用次数: 0

Screening of proteolytic, amylolytic, and lipolytic bacteria and their consortia for concomitant production of hydrolytic enzymes and bioremediation of shrimp pond sludge 蛋白水解、淀粉水解和脂溶菌及其菌群的筛选及其伴随水解酶生产和对虾池污泥的生物修复

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.005

Chutema Thongsongkaew , Benjamas Cheirsilp , Asma Billateh , Wageeporn Maneechote , Sirasit Srinuanpan

Background

Aquaculture has become the fastest-growing sector in recent decades, and this has led to intensified cultural practices to achieve high yields. However, such practices have raised concerns regarding their environmental impact, as aquaculture sludge and wastewater cause significant organic pollution. This study then aimed to isolate and screen proteolytic, amylolytic, and lipolytic bacteria and evaluate their consortia for enzyme production and bioremediation of shrimp pond sludge.

Results

The strategy using multiple substrates in the isolation media successfully obtained bacterial strains with multiple hydrolytic activities. After primary and secondary quantitative screening, 18 isolates that exhibited high dual and triple hydrolytic activities were selected. After tertiary quantitative screening using synthetic shrimp pond sludge and co-culture tests, Exiguobacterium indicum SSP-PA-08, Bacillus coagulans, and Bacillus subtilis were selected due to their synergy for the production of triple hydrolytic enzymes. Their consortia inoculated in shrimp pond sludge containing 0.8% total suspended solids (TSSs) showed an increase in proteolytic activity by 2.5 folds and amylolytic activity by 20 folds, which led to a greater reduction in TSS. The highest enzyme production was obtained using shrimp pond sludge containing 1.6% TSS.

Conclusions

This study has developed the methods to isolate bacteria with multienzyme-producing ability. Co-culturing these bacteria in synthetic shrimp sludge significantly enhanced hydrolytic activity and led to a greater reduction in TSS. These strategies may contribute greatly to the hydrolytic enzyme production and environmentally friendly bioremediation of aquaculture sludge.

How to cite: Thongsongkaew C, Cheirsilp B, Billateh A, et al. Screening of proteolytic, amylolytic, and lipolytic bacteria and their consortia for concomitant production of hydrolytic enzymes and bioremediation of shrimp pond sludge. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.005.

近几十年来，水产养殖已成为增长最快的部门，这导致了强化的养殖实践，以实现高产量。然而，这种做法引起了人们对其环境影响的关注，因为水产养殖污泥和废水造成了严重的有机污染。本研究旨在分离和筛选蛋白水解菌、淀粉水解菌和脂溶菌，并评估它们的菌群对虾池污泥产酶和生物修复的作用。结果在分离培养基中使用多种底物的策略成功获得了具有多种水解活性的菌株。经过一级和二级定量筛选，筛选出18株具有较高双水解和三重水解活性的分离菌株。利用合成对虾池污泥进行第三次定量筛选和共培养试验，选择了Exiguobacterium indicum SSP-PA-08、Bacillus coagulans和Bacillus subtilis，因为它们协同产生三重水解酶。在总悬浮固体（TSS）含量为0.8%的对虾池污泥中接种后，其蛋白水解活性提高了2.5倍，淀粉水解活性提高了20倍，TSS降低幅度较大。含1.6% TSS的沼液酶产量最高。结论本研究建立了多种产酶细菌的分离方法。在合成虾泥中共培养这些细菌显著提高了水解活性，并导致TSS的更大降低。这些策略对水产养殖污泥的水解酶生产和环境友好型生物修复具有重要意义。引用方式：Thongsongkaew C， Cheirsilp B， Billateh A等。蛋白水解、淀粉水解和脂溶菌及其菌群的筛选及其伴随水解酶生产和对虾池污泥的生物修复。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;77。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.005。

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引用次数: 0

Improved resistance to basal rot disease and promotion of onion plant growth by Aspergillus terreus-mediated silver nanoparticles 土曲霉介导的纳米银提高洋葱对腐病的抗性，促进洋葱植株生长

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.003

Mohamed G.A. Hegazy , Mahmoud Gad , Sobhi F. Lamlom , Islam I. Teiba , Osama A.M. Al-Bedak , Muhammad Moaaz Ali , Eman Alhomaidi , Mona Saleh Al Tami , Ahmed F. Yousef , Waleed M. Ali

Background

Onions, a vital agricultural crop rich in carbohydrates and essential minerals, face severe threats from Fusarium oxysporum, the causative agent of basal rot disease. This study assessed the effectiveness of extracellular, green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), produced by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760, in managing basal rot disease caused by F. oxysporum AUMC 15798.

Results

AgNPs ranging from 12.1 to 28.7 nm were incorporated into PDA media at concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm, achieving fungal growth inhibition rates of 24.88%, 40.77%, 54.44%, and 69.33%, respectively. A greenhouse experiment was carried out using onion seedlings, with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to compare eight different treatments: 100 ppm AgNPs (spray), 50 ppm AgNPs (spray), 100 ppm AgNPs (soil application), 50 ppm AgNPs (soil application), Dovex spray (50%), Dovex soil application (50%), a negative control, and a positive control. Greenhouse results showed a significant reduction in disease severity, with Dovex lowering it to 20%. AgNPs at 50 ppm reduced severity to 57.77% (soil) and 35.55% (spray), while 100 ppm further decreased it to 31.1% (soil) and 22.2% (spray). The application of 100 ppm AgNPs improved plant growth parameters. It also enhanced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid levels. The greatest reductions in phenolic (0.34 mg/g) and anthocyanin contents (0.48 mg/g), as well as peroxidase (0.44 µmol/min) and catalase activities (0.19 µmol/min), were recorded in plants treated with 100 ppm AgNPs (spray).

Conclusions

AgNPs effectively control basal rot disease, boost plant growth, and regulate antioxidant activity.

How to cite: Hegazy MG, Gad M, Lamlom SF, et al. Improved resistance to basal rot disease and promotion of onion plant growth by Aspergillus terreus-mediated silver nanoparticles. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.003.

作为一种富含碳水化合物和必需矿物质的重要农作物，洋葱面临着基腐病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌的严重威胁。本研究评估了由土曲霉AUMC 15760产生的细胞外绿色合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）在控制由尖孢镰刀菌AUMC 15798引起的基底腐病中的有效性。结果在50、100、150和200 ppm浓度的PDA培养基中，agnps在12.1 ~ 28.7 nm范围内对真菌生长的抑制率分别为24.88%、40.77%、54.44%和69.33%。采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD）对洋葱幼苗进行温室试验，比较8种不同处理：100 ppm AgNPs（喷雾）、50 ppm AgNPs（喷雾）、100 ppm AgNPs（土壤施用）、50 ppm AgNPs（土壤施用）、Dovex喷雾（50%）、Dovex土壤施用（50%）、阴性对照和阳性对照。温室结果显示，Dovex将疾病严重程度降低了20%，显著降低了疾病严重程度。AgNPs在50 ppm时将严重程度降低到57.77%（土壤）和35.55%（喷雾），而100 ppm进一步降低到31.1%（土壤）和22.2%（喷雾）。施用100 ppm AgNPs改善了植株的生长参数。它还能提高叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素的水平。在100 ppm AgNPs（喷雾）处理的植株中，酚类物质（0.34 mg/g）和花青素含量（0.48 mg/g）以及过氧化物酶（0.44µmol/min）和过氧化氢酶活性（0.19µmol/min）降低幅度最大。结论sagnps能有效防治基底腐病，促进植株生长，调节植株抗氧化活性。引用方式：Hegazy MG， Gad M， Lamlom SF等。土曲霉介导的纳米银提高洋葱对腐病的抗性，促进洋葱植株生长。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;77。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.003。

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引用次数: 0

The biological agent rituximab ameliorates DNA damage and repair efficiency in the somatic cells of arthritic mice 生物制剂利妥昔单抗可改善关节炎小鼠体细胞DNA损伤和修复效率

IF 2.3 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.004

Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah , Mohamed A. Mahmoud , Moureq R. Alotaibi , Ahmed Nadeem , Mushtaq A. Ansari , Sheikh F. Ahmad , Saleh A. Bakheet , Gamaleldin I. Harisa , Sabry M. Attia

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that deteriorates joints and can affect various physiological systems if not properly managed. The persistent joint inflammation and oxidative damage caused by RA can lead to genomic instability, a primary feature of most cancer cells. In RA, the prevalence of malignancy is comparatively higher than in the general population. However, it is unclear if the disease itself or its treatments induce susceptibility to neoplastic disorders. Our goal was to study genomic instability in the arthritic mouse model, namely DNA damage and repair and determine if the long-term use of the biological agent rituximab can impact these changes.

Results

Our results show that rituximab did not disrupt genomic stability at the tested regimen. Arthritic mice had more spontaneous DNA damage and a slower repair rate than control mice. Redox imbalance, oxidative DNA damage, and disturbance in the DNA repair pathways are also increased in arthritic mice. Meanwhile, rituximab treatment reduced oxidative DNA damage and accelerated DNA repair rate, improving redox balance and restoring the disturbances in the DNA repair gene expression at both mRNA as determined by RT² Profiler PCR array and protein levels as determined by Western blotting analysis in arthritic animals. Additionally, the ameliorative effect of rituximab has also been shown by its ability to reduce the severity of joint inflammation and histopathological alterations induced by arthritis.

Conclusions

The findings indicate that rituximab is a non-genotoxic, safe, effective drug for the treatment of RA and its complications.

How to cite: Al-Hamamah MA, Mahmoud MA, Alotaibi MR, et al. The biological agent rituximab ameliorates DNA damage and repair efficiency in the somatic cells of arthritic mice. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.004.

背景类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种自身免疫性疾病，如果处理不当，会使关节恶化并影响各种生理系统。类风湿性关节炎引起的持续关节炎症和氧化损伤可导致基因组不稳定，这是大多数癌细胞的主要特征。在RA中，恶性肿瘤的患病率相对高于一般人群。然而，尚不清楚这种疾病本身或其治疗是否会导致对肿瘤疾病的易感性。我们的目标是研究关节炎小鼠模型的基因组不稳定性，即DNA损伤和修复，并确定长期使用生物制剂利妥昔单抗是否会影响这些变化。结果我们的研究结果表明，在测试方案中，利妥昔单抗没有破坏基因组稳定性。患关节炎的小鼠比对照组小鼠有更多的自发DNA损伤和更慢的修复速度。氧化还原失衡、DNA氧化损伤和DNA修复途径紊乱也在关节炎小鼠中增加。同时，利妥昔单抗治疗降低了氧化性DNA损伤，加快了DNA修复速度，改善了氧化还原平衡，恢复了关节炎动物DNA修复基因mRNA表达的紊乱（通过RT2 Profiler PCR阵列检测）和蛋白质水平（通过Western blotting分析）。此外，利妥昔单抗的改善作用也被证明可以降低关节炎引起的关节炎症和组织病理学改变的严重程度。结论利妥昔单抗是治疗类风湿性关节炎及其并发症的一种无基因毒性、安全有效的药物。如何引用：al - hamamah MA， Mahmoud MA， Alotaibi MR等。生物制剂利妥昔单抗可改善关节炎小鼠体细胞DNA损伤和修复效率。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;16。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.004。

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引用次数: 0

Fungal community dynamics and pathogenic risk in composting, vermicomposting and leachate systems amended with rabbit manure 兔粪改良堆肥、蚯蚓堆肥和渗滤液系统中真菌群落动态及致病风险

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.002

Rocío del Pilar Serrano-Ramírez , Adalberto Zenteno-Rojas , Valentín Pérez-Hernández , Odín Reyes-Vallejo , Sugey Vásquez-Hernández , Héctor Hiram Torres-Ventura , Mayram Margarita González-Reyes , Wilber Montejo-López , Abumalé Cruz-Salomón , Joaquín Adolfo Montes-Molina

Background

Understanding the dynamics of fungal communities in composting and vermicomposting systems is essential for optimizing waste management practices and minimizing pathogen risks. For this reason, this study assessed the fungal community structure and potential pathogenic risks in composting, vermicomposting and leachate systems amended with rabbit manure, using Illumina’s MiSeq platform for internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and FUNGuild analysis.

Results

Phylotypes from Basidiomycota were predominant in all treatments, while the pathogenic genus Microascus, initially abundant (37%), showed a significant reduction to 5% and 7% following composting and vermicomposting, respectively, and to 1% and 13% in their leachates. Given Microascus’s association with human skin diseases, proper handling of organic waste is critical before its agricultural use. In contrast, the FUNGuild analysis revealed a high abundance of saprotrophic fungi such as Aspergillus, Preussia, Botryotrichum, and Acremonium known for producing enzymes that promote nutrient cycling and soil fertility.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the potential for vermicomposting to reduce pathogen risks while enhancing fungal-driven nutrient recycling, offering practical insights for sustainable agriculture and organic waste management.

How to cite: Serrano-Ramírez RdP, Zenteno-Rojas A, Pérez-Hernández V, et al. Fungal community dynamics and pathogenic risk in composting, vermicomposting and leachate systems amended with rabbit manure. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.002.

了解堆肥和蚯蚓堆肥系统中真菌群落的动态对于优化废物管理实践和最大限度地降低病原体风险至关重要。因此，本研究利用Illumina公司的MiSeq平台进行内部转录间隔序列（ITS）测序和FUNGuild分析，评估了堆肥、蠕虫堆肥和兔粪处理渗滤液系统中真菌群落结构和潜在致病风险。结果各处理均以担子菌属为主，而病原菌属微曲霉在堆肥和蚯蚓堆肥处理后分别减少到5%和7%，渗滤液中分别减少到1%和13%。考虑到微曲霉与人类皮肤病的关联，在有机废物用于农业用途之前，对其进行适当处理至关重要。相比之下，FUNGuild的分析显示，大量的腐养真菌，如曲霉、Preussia、Botryotrichum和Acremonium，都能产生促进养分循环和土壤肥力的酶。结论蚯蚓堆肥具有降低病原菌风险、促进真菌驱动的养分循环的潜力，为可持续农业和有机废物管理提供了实践见解。引用方式：Serrano-Ramírez RdP， Zenteno-Rojas A， Pérez-Hernández V等。兔粪改良堆肥、蚯蚓堆肥和渗滤液系统中真菌群落动态及致病风险。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;77。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.002。

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引用次数: 0

Application of mitochondrial genomes to species identification and evolution 线粒体基因组在物种鉴定和进化中的应用

IF 2.3 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.04.001

Bingpeng Xing , Liangyu Lin , Qiong Wu

Mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) have become invaluable in species classification and evolutionary studies due to their unique characteristics, including maternal inheritance, and high mutation rates. This review examines the application of mtDNA in tracing evolutionary history, elucidating phylogenetic relationships, and understanding mechanisms of species divergence. The evolution of mitochondrial DNA research from its initial focus on energy metabolism to its current role in biodiversity assessments highlights its significance in modern biology. Mitochondrial DNA barcoding, particularly utilizing the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene, has revolutionized species identification, enabling rapid and accurate classification across diverse taxa. The article further explores the implications of mtDNA in understanding adaptive evolution, as genetic variations within mitochondrial genomes can reveal insights into how species respond to environmental pressures. However, challenges such as gene mixing, hybridization, and incomplete lineage sorting can complicate interpretations of mtDNA data. Thus, integrating mitochondrial with nuclear genome data is advocated to provide a comprehensive view of species relationships and evolutionary patterns. Future research directions emphasize the need for multi-genome studies, investigations into ecological adaptations, and exploration of understudied taxa and ecosystems, which are crucial for enhancing our understanding of biodiversity and informing conservation strategies.

How to cite: Xing B, Lin L, Wu Q. Application of mitochondrial genomes to species identification and evolution. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.04.001.

线粒体基因组（mtDNA）由于其独特的特征，包括母系遗传和高突变率，在物种分类和进化研究中变得非常宝贵。本文综述了mtDNA在追溯进化历史、阐明系统发育关系和理解物种分化机制方面的应用。线粒体DNA研究从最初关注能量代谢到目前在生物多样性评估中的作用的演变凸显了其在现代生物学中的重要意义。线粒体DNA条形码，特别是利用细胞色素c氧化酶I （COI）基因，已经彻底改变了物种鉴定，使不同分类群之间的快速和准确分类成为可能。本文进一步探讨了mtDNA在理解适应性进化中的意义，因为线粒体基因组中的遗传变异可以揭示物种如何应对环境压力。然而，诸如基因混合、杂交和不完整谱系分类等挑战会使mtDNA数据的解释复杂化。因此，建议将线粒体与核基因组数据整合起来，以提供对物种关系和进化模式的全面看法。未来的研究方向强调多基因组研究、生态适应性研究以及对未被充分研究的分类群和生态系统的探索，这对提高我们对生物多样性的认识和制定保护策略至关重要。邢斌，林林，吴强。线粒体基因组在物种鉴定和进化中的应用。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;16。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.04.001。

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引用次数: 0

Response of heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying strain Pseudomonas stutzeri YXH-102 to hypersaline stress 异养硝化/好氧反硝化菌株stutzeri假单胞菌YXH-102对高盐胁迫的响应

IF 2.3 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.001

Youming Wang , Zhichun Wang , Yangfan Hu , Dexun Zou , Korakot Sombatmankhong , Wen Wang , Bo Yu

Background

Hypersaline wastewater poses significant environmental challenges, necessitating efficient bioremediation strategies. This study investigates the hypersaline tolerance mechanisms of Pseudomonas stutzeri YXH-102, a heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying bacterium isolated from Yuncheng Salt Lake sediments, under high-salinity stress.

Results

Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed 268 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to a 10 % NaCl shock, with 86 upregulated and 182 downregulated. Key findings highlight the critical roles of oxidative stress mitigation, energy metabolism adaptation, and ion homeostasis. Salt stress triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, countered by upregulated cytochrome c oxidase (reducing ROS generation) and glutathione S-transferase (enhancing ROS scavenging). Concurrently, energy metabolism pathways, including fatty acid β-oxidation and acetyl-CoA production, were activated to sustain cellular energy demand. Notably, the electron transport chain (ETC) generated a robust proton motive force (PMF), which directly fueled potassium uptake via H⁺/K⁺ symporters to counteract osmotic imbalance. TonB-dependent transporters for nutrient uptake were also significantly upregulated, suggesting enhanced nutrient acquisition under salinity.

Conclusions

These findings elucidate how P. stutzeri YXH-102 combats salt stress through integrated ROS detoxification, energy optimization, and PMF-driven ion transport, providing molecular insights for its application in hypersaline wastewater bioremediation.

How to cite: Wang Y, Wang Z, Hu Y, et al. Response of heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying strain Pseudomonas stutzeri YXH-102 to hypersaline stress. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.001.

高盐废水带来了重大的环境挑战，需要有效的生物修复策略。本文研究了从运城盐湖沉积物中分离的异养硝化/好氧反硝化细菌stutzeri YXH-102在高盐胁迫下的耐盐机制。结果对比转录组学分析显示，在10% NaCl胁迫下，有268个差异表达基因（deg）表达上调，182个下调。关键发现强调了氧化应激缓解、能量代谢适应和离子稳态的关键作用。盐胁迫触发活性氧（ROS）积累，通过上调细胞色素c氧化酶（减少ROS生成）和谷胱甘肽s转移酶（增强ROS清除）来抵消。同时，能量代谢途径，包括脂肪酸β-氧化和乙酰辅酶a的产生，被激活以维持细胞的能量需求。值得注意的是，电子传递链（ETC）产生了强大的质子动力（PMF），通过H+/K+同调体直接促进钾的吸收，以抵消渗透失衡。吨位依赖性转运蛋白的营养吸收也显著上调，表明盐胁迫下营养获取增强。结论这些发现阐明了P. stutzeri YXH-102如何通过ROS解毒、能量优化和pmf驱动的离子运输来对抗盐胁迫，为其在高盐废水生物修复中的应用提供了分子视角。引用方式：王毅，王志，胡毅，等。异养硝化/好氧反硝化菌株stutzeri假单胞菌YXH-102对高盐胁迫的响应。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;16。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.001。

{"title":"Response of heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying strain Pseudomonas stutzeri YXH-102 to hypersaline stress","authors":"Youming Wang , Zhichun Wang , Yangfan Hu , Dexun Zou , Korakot Sombatmankhong , Wen Wang , Bo Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hypersaline wastewater poses significant environmental challenges, necessitating efficient bioremediation strategies. This study investigates the hypersaline tolerance mechanisms of <em>Pseudomonas stutzeri</em> YXH-102, a heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying bacterium isolated from Yuncheng Salt Lake sediments, under high-salinity stress.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed 268 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to a 10 % NaCl shock, with 86 upregulated and 182 downregulated. Key findings highlight the critical roles of oxidative stress mitigation, energy metabolism adaptation, and ion homeostasis. Salt stress triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, countered by upregulated cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase (reducing ROS generation) and glutathione S-transferase (enhancing ROS scavenging). Concurrently, energy metabolism pathways, including fatty acid β-oxidation and acetyl-CoA production, were activated to sustain cellular energy demand. Notably, the electron transport chain (ETC) generated a robust proton motive force (PMF), which directly fueled potassium uptake via H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> symporters to counteract osmotic imbalance. TonB-dependent transporters for nutrient uptake were also significantly upregulated, suggesting enhanced nutrient acquisition under salinity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings elucidate how <em>P. stutzeri</em> YXH-102 combats salt stress through integrated ROS detoxification, energy optimization, and PMF-driven ion transport, providing molecular insights for its application in hypersaline wastewater bioremediation.</div><div><strong>How to cite:</strong> Wang Y, Wang Z, Hu Y, et al. Response of heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying strain <em>Pseudomonas stutzeri</em> YXH-102 to hypersaline stress. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;76. <span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.05.001</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11529,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of flaxseed’s supplement on AMPKα2′s expression in non-diabetic and diabetic patients having follicular thyroid carcinoma on mitochondrial’s ATP synthase for TPC-1 cell line 亚麻籽对非糖尿病和糖尿病滤泡性甲状腺癌患者线粒体ATP合酶表达的影响

IF 2.3 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.006

Amena Alsakran , Afaf Aldahish , Amani Alotaibi , Dalal Alshaya , Elham Alzahrani , Mohammad Alshugeer , Manal Alduwish , Dalia Domiaty , Fatimah Albani , Wedad Al-Qahtani

Background

This study examined the effects of flaxseed oil supplementation on the expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha2 (AMPKα2) in male patients with follicular thyroid cancer. The objective was to assess whether flaxseed oil could enhance AMPKα2 activity, improve histological features, and reduce tumor cell viability, offering a potential therapeutic benefit for diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Results

A total of 303 patients, including 149 non-diabetic and 154 diabetic participants, received 1250 mg of flaxseed oil daily for one month. Flaxseed oil supplementation significantly improved tumor histology, with treated tissues showing organized follicular patterns and reduced fibrovascular cells compared to untreated tissues. Cell viability assays demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell viability, with the strongest effects observed at flaxseed extract concentrations of 80, 50, and 30 µg/mL. Molecular analyses revealed increased AMPKα2 expression in both treated thyroid cancer tissues and cell line models, indicating enhanced protein activation. These findings suggest that flaxseed oil supplementation may inhibit tumor proliferation and improve histological organization in follicular thyroid cancer.

Conclusions

Flaxseed oil supplementation activates AMPKα2, reduces tumor cell viability, and improves histopathological features in follicular thyroid cancer tissues. These results highlight the potential of flaxseed oil as an adjunctive therapy to enhance cancer management strategies, particularly in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with follicular thyroid cancer.

How to cite: Alsakran A, Aldahish A, Alotaibi A, et al. Effect of flaxseed’s supplement on AMPKα2’s expression in non-diabetic and diabetic patients having follicular thyroid carcinoma on mitochondrial’s ATP synthase for TPC-1 cell line. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.006.

本研究探讨了补充亚麻籽油对男性滤泡性甲状腺癌患者单磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶α2 （AMPKα2）表达的影响。目的是评估亚麻籽油是否可以增强AMPKα2活性，改善组织学特征，降低肿瘤细胞活力，为糖尿病和非糖尿病患者提供潜在的治疗益处。结果共303例患者，其中非糖尿病患者149例，糖尿病患者154例，每天服用1250 mg亚麻籽油，持续1个月。亚麻籽油的补充显著改善了肿瘤组织学，与未治疗的组织相比，治疗后的组织显示出有组织的滤泡模式和减少的纤维血管细胞。细胞活力测定显示，剂量依赖性地降低甲状腺乳头状癌细胞活力，在亚麻籽提取物浓度为80、50和30µg/mL时观察到最强的影响。分子分析显示，AMPKα2在治疗后的甲状腺癌组织和细胞系模型中表达增加，表明蛋白活化增强。提示补充亚麻籽油可抑制滤泡性甲状腺癌的肿瘤增殖，改善肿瘤组织结构。结论补充亚麻籽油可激活AMPKα2，降低肿瘤细胞活力，改善滤泡性甲状腺癌组织病理学特征。这些结果强调了亚麻籽油作为一种辅助治疗的潜力，以加强癌症管理策略，特别是在糖尿病和非糖尿病患者滤泡性甲状腺癌。如何引用：Alsakran A， Aldahish A， Alotaibi A等。亚麻籽对非糖尿病和糖尿病滤泡性甲状腺癌患者线粒体ATP合酶表达的影响。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;16。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.006。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing the process conditions for the biosorption of chromium (VI) by Bacillus subtilis in artificial wastewater 优化枯草芽孢杆菌对人工废水中六价铬的生物吸附工艺条件

IF 2.3 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.005

Khawla E. Alsamhary

Background

The contamination by heavy metals, particularly hexavalent chromium Cr (VI), is a pressing environmental concern. Cr(VI) is highly toxic, non-biodegradable and carcinogenic. Traditional remediation methods are often costly, energy-intensive, or generate secondary waste. This study explores the optimal conditions for the bacterium Bacillus subtilis in reducing Cr(VI) from synthetic wastewater.

Results

The research employed batch experiments to simulate wastewater treatment. The removal of Cr(VI) was measured spectrophotometrically. The active functional groups were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy that showed an incremental shift for alkyl halides (500.75 cm⁻¹) and OH-groups (3347 cm⁻¹) were observed. Scanning Electron Microscopy images demonstrated that the surface morphology of the biosorbent was more homogenous before than after adsorption. The biosorbent’s structure was confirmed by a prominent peak in X-ray Diffraction at 290.04°. The highest adsorption was observed at the adsorbent dose of 0.5 g/L, the contact time 60 min, pH 6 and temperature of 40°C. The thermodynamic parameters validated the process’s feasibility and spontaneity. Several models for biosorption kinetics and isotherm were tested. The pseudo-second-order was more suitable than the pseudo-first-order model. Langmuir isotherm model had the best fit compared to Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin models.

Conclusions

B. subtilis appeared to be resistant to chromium and reduce Cr(VI) efficiently. This study shows the potential of B. subtilis as a viable bioremediation agent for Cr(VI) contamination in wastewater and should be studied further using real wastewater with different pollutants.

How to cite: Alsamhary KE. Optimizing the process conditions for the biosorption of chromium (VI) by Bacillus subtilis in artificial wastewater. Electron J Biotechnol 2025;76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.005.

重金属污染，特别是六价铬（ⅵ）的污染，是一个紧迫的环境问题。铬（VI）是剧毒、不可生物降解的致癌物。传统的补救方法往往是昂贵的，能源密集型的，或产生二次废物。本研究探讨了枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）在合成废水中还原Cr（VI）的最佳条件。结果采用批量实验模拟废水处理过程。用分光光度法测定了Cr（VI）的去除率。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对活性官能团进行了研究，发现烷基卤化物（500.75 cm−1）和oh -基团（3347 cm−1）发生了增量位移。扫描电镜图像表明，吸附前生物吸附剂的表面形貌比吸附后更为均匀。在290.04°处的x射线衍射峰证实了生物吸附剂的结构。吸附剂用量为0.5 g/L、接触时间为60 min、pH为6、温度为40℃时，吸附效果最佳。热力学参数验证了该工艺的可行性和自发性。测试了几种生物吸附动力学和等温线模型。拟二阶模型比拟一阶模型更合适。与Freundlich、Dubinin-Radushkevich和Temkin模型相比，Langmuir等温线模型的拟合效果最好。枯草芽孢杆菌对铬具有抗性，并能有效地还原Cr（VI）。本研究表明枯草芽孢杆菌作为一种可行的废水中Cr（VI）污染的生物修复剂的潜力，需要在不同污染物的真实废水中进行进一步的研究。引用方式：alsamhari KE。优化枯草芽孢杆菌对人工废水中六价铬的生物吸附工艺条件。中国生物医学工程学报（英文版）；2009;16。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2025.03.005。

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引用次数: 0