Nowadays, energy sustainability needs drive the development of novel power system architectures that efficiently harvest and deliver green energy. Specifically, DC Microgrids (DC-MG) have emerged as promising bases for distributed power generation, especially in residential applications. The pivotal role of power conversion and the need for more affordable and compact converters has led to an increasing research interest. MultiPort Converters (MPCs) exhibit beneficial operational characteristics for these applications and, therefore, a plethora of different topologies is suggested in the literature. Even though there have been some attempts to organize and review the field status, the categorization is based on the existence or not of isolation between the converter’s ports, without providing insight on the topology conception. In this article, a literature review is conducted to specify the most suitable non-isolated MPC topologies for residential DC-MGs. Converters with a power rating ranging from 0.1 to 1 kW are compared based on technical features and categorized according to their topology derivation process. This procedure is performed separately for MPCs suitable for unipolar and bipolar DC Buses. The selected approach highlights the design basis for each MPC in a structured manner, facilitating further development of original converters by both new and experienced researchers.
{"title":"Review on Non-Isolated Multiport Converters for Residential DC Microgrids","authors":"Georgios Salagiannis, Emmanuel C. Tatakis","doi":"10.3390/en17010222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010222","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, energy sustainability needs drive the development of novel power system architectures that efficiently harvest and deliver green energy. Specifically, DC Microgrids (DC-MG) have emerged as promising bases for distributed power generation, especially in residential applications. The pivotal role of power conversion and the need for more affordable and compact converters has led to an increasing research interest. MultiPort Converters (MPCs) exhibit beneficial operational characteristics for these applications and, therefore, a plethora of different topologies is suggested in the literature. Even though there have been some attempts to organize and review the field status, the categorization is based on the existence or not of isolation between the converter’s ports, without providing insight on the topology conception. In this article, a literature review is conducted to specify the most suitable non-isolated MPC topologies for residential DC-MGs. Converters with a power rating ranging from 0.1 to 1 kW are compared based on technical features and categorized according to their topology derivation process. This procedure is performed separately for MPCs suitable for unipolar and bipolar DC Buses. The selected approach highlights the design basis for each MPC in a structured manner, facilitating further development of original converters by both new and experienced researchers.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":"4 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mixing time is an important parameter for quantifying the mixing efficiency of a bioreactor system, essential for successful bioprocess development in various branches of the bioengineering sector (e.g., biopharma, biorefineries, food industry and bioreactor design). The colourimetric method is one of the ways of obtaining valuable quantitative data about the mixing process and the liquid flow inside a vessel. This review consists of a catalogue and a discussion of previously published data in which the colourimetric method has been utilised; a critical comparison between the colourimetric and other mixing time measurement methods; an explanation of practical considerations regarding the bioreactor setup and the choice of reagents; a practical guide for requirements for the acquisition of high-quality images of the mixing process; a thorough discussion of aspects connected to the computer image processing of the video material. This review is intended to thoroughly present the versatility of the colourimetric method for mixing time measurement in miscellaneous bioreactor systems, i.e., in classical tanks and modern single-use (disposable) plastic film-based bag-like containers, and to facilitate the implementation of the colourimetric method in new research setups by providing complete and valuable recommendations about each step of the methodology.
{"title":"The Colourimetric Method for Mixing Time Measurement in Single-Use and Multi-Use Bioreactors—Methodology Overview and Practical Recommendations","authors":"M. Bartczak, Maciej Pilarek","doi":"10.3390/en17010221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010221","url":null,"abstract":"Mixing time is an important parameter for quantifying the mixing efficiency of a bioreactor system, essential for successful bioprocess development in various branches of the bioengineering sector (e.g., biopharma, biorefineries, food industry and bioreactor design). The colourimetric method is one of the ways of obtaining valuable quantitative data about the mixing process and the liquid flow inside a vessel. This review consists of a catalogue and a discussion of previously published data in which the colourimetric method has been utilised; a critical comparison between the colourimetric and other mixing time measurement methods; an explanation of practical considerations regarding the bioreactor setup and the choice of reagents; a practical guide for requirements for the acquisition of high-quality images of the mixing process; a thorough discussion of aspects connected to the computer image processing of the video material. This review is intended to thoroughly present the versatility of the colourimetric method for mixing time measurement in miscellaneous bioreactor systems, i.e., in classical tanks and modern single-use (disposable) plastic film-based bag-like containers, and to facilitate the implementation of the colourimetric method in new research setups by providing complete and valuable recommendations about each step of the methodology.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Żaklin Grądz, Waldemar Wójcik, K. Gromaszek, A. Kotyra, S. Smailova, A. Iskakova, B. Yeraliyeva, Saule Kumargazhanova, B. Imanbek
Coal remains one of the key raw materials used in the energy industry to generate electricity and heat. As a result, diagnostics of the combustion process is still an important topic of scientific research. Correct implementation of the process allows the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere to be kept at a compliant level. Therefore, it is important to conduct the process in a manner that will not exceed these standards. A preliminary analysis of the measurement signals was carried out, and signal predictions of flame intensity changes were determined using the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. Different fuzzy neural network architectures have been investigated. Binary and multi-class classifications of flame states were conducted. The best results were obtained from the ANFIS_grid partition model, producing an accuracy of 95.46% for binary classification and 79.08% for multi-class classification. The accuracy of the recognition of flame states and the high convergence of the determined predictions with measurement signals validate the application of the proposed approach in diagnosing or controlling the combustion process of pulverized coal and its mixtures with biomass. Expert decisions determine the range of acceptable states.
{"title":"Application of Fuzzy Neural Networks in Combustion Process Diagnostics","authors":"Żaklin Grądz, Waldemar Wójcik, K. Gromaszek, A. Kotyra, S. Smailova, A. Iskakova, B. Yeraliyeva, Saule Kumargazhanova, B. Imanbek","doi":"10.3390/en17010212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010212","url":null,"abstract":"Coal remains one of the key raw materials used in the energy industry to generate electricity and heat. As a result, diagnostics of the combustion process is still an important topic of scientific research. Correct implementation of the process allows the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere to be kept at a compliant level. Therefore, it is important to conduct the process in a manner that will not exceed these standards. A preliminary analysis of the measurement signals was carried out, and signal predictions of flame intensity changes were determined using the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. Different fuzzy neural network architectures have been investigated. Binary and multi-class classifications of flame states were conducted. The best results were obtained from the ANFIS_grid partition model, producing an accuracy of 95.46% for binary classification and 79.08% for multi-class classification. The accuracy of the recognition of flame states and the high convergence of the determined predictions with measurement signals validate the application of the proposed approach in diagnosing or controlling the combustion process of pulverized coal and its mixtures with biomass. Expert decisions determine the range of acceptable states.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" August","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139136979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) entail the use of photovoltaics as building materials, such as windows, roofs, and walls. Owing to their electricity-generation ability, BIPVs have become popular building materials for green buildings. This study involves an economic feasibility analysis of BIPVs for an agricultural research and development center in Fiji. The computerized relative allocation of facilities technique (CRAFT) is extended for cost-efficient facility design, and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of BIPVs is evaluated to identify feasible alternatives from among three options, namely roof-integrated, window, and rooftop BIPVs. From the experiments, the LCOE values of the roof-integrated, window, and rooftop BIPVs were USD 0.13/kWh, 0.17/kWh, and 0.09/kWh, respectively. Moreover, the profit for the window BIPV was negative when the discount rate was greater than 0.08 due to its inefficient productivity. Contrarily, the roof-integrated BIPV showed a reasonable LCOE even though it required the highest investment cost. Nevertheless, further efforts are needed to reduce the cost of BIPVs for practical implementation.
{"title":"Agricultural Research and Development Center Design with Building Integrated Photovoltaics in Fiji","authors":"Sojung Kim, Sumin Kim","doi":"10.3390/en17010207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010207","url":null,"abstract":"Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) entail the use of photovoltaics as building materials, such as windows, roofs, and walls. Owing to their electricity-generation ability, BIPVs have become popular building materials for green buildings. This study involves an economic feasibility analysis of BIPVs for an agricultural research and development center in Fiji. The computerized relative allocation of facilities technique (CRAFT) is extended for cost-efficient facility design, and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of BIPVs is evaluated to identify feasible alternatives from among three options, namely roof-integrated, window, and rooftop BIPVs. From the experiments, the LCOE values of the roof-integrated, window, and rooftop BIPVs were USD 0.13/kWh, 0.17/kWh, and 0.09/kWh, respectively. Moreover, the profit for the window BIPV was negative when the discount rate was greater than 0.08 due to its inefficient productivity. Contrarily, the roof-integrated BIPV showed a reasonable LCOE even though it required the highest investment cost. Nevertheless, further efforts are needed to reduce the cost of BIPVs for practical implementation.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Pacura, Katarzyna Szramowiat-Sala, Janusz Gołaś
The article offers a comprehensive examination of vehicle emissions, with a specific focus on the European Union’s automotive industry. Its main goal is to provide an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing the emission of microcontaminants from light-duty vehicles and the challenges associated with their removal via exhaust aftertreatment systems. It presents statistical insights into the automotive sector and explores the relationships between vehicle categories, fuel types, and the emission of regulated and nonregulated pollutants, as well as relevant legal regulations such as the European Emission Standard. The article delves into the characteristics of vehicle exhaust, compares exhaust-gas aftertreatment systems, and introduces factors affecting emissions from gasoline engines, including downsizing, fuel composition, and engine operating parameters. It also considers the impact of driving style, start–stop systems, and related factors. Concluding, the article offers an overview of vehicle-testing procedures, including emission tests on dynamometer chassis and real driving emissions. With the growing global vehicle population and international environmental regulations, a focus on solid particles containing microcontaminants is paramount, as they pose significant risks to health and the environment. In summary, this article provides valuable insights into vehicle emissions, significantly contributing to our understanding of this crucial environmental issue.
{"title":"Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles—From Statistics to Emission Regulations and Vehicle Testing in the European Union","authors":"W. Pacura, Katarzyna Szramowiat-Sala, Janusz Gołaś","doi":"10.3390/en17010209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010209","url":null,"abstract":"The article offers a comprehensive examination of vehicle emissions, with a specific focus on the European Union’s automotive industry. Its main goal is to provide an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing the emission of microcontaminants from light-duty vehicles and the challenges associated with their removal via exhaust aftertreatment systems. It presents statistical insights into the automotive sector and explores the relationships between vehicle categories, fuel types, and the emission of regulated and nonregulated pollutants, as well as relevant legal regulations such as the European Emission Standard. The article delves into the characteristics of vehicle exhaust, compares exhaust-gas aftertreatment systems, and introduces factors affecting emissions from gasoline engines, including downsizing, fuel composition, and engine operating parameters. It also considers the impact of driving style, start–stop systems, and related factors. Concluding, the article offers an overview of vehicle-testing procedures, including emission tests on dynamometer chassis and real driving emissions. With the growing global vehicle population and international environmental regulations, a focus on solid particles containing microcontaminants is paramount, as they pose significant risks to health and the environment. In summary, this article provides valuable insights into vehicle emissions, significantly contributing to our understanding of this crucial environmental issue.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Petkovski, Iacopo Marri, L. Cristaldi, M. Faifer
Battery aging is a complex phenomenon, and precise state of health (SoH) monitoring is essential for effective battery management. This paper presents a data-driven method for SoH estimation based on support vector regression (SVR), utilizing features built from both full and partial discharge capacity curves, as well as battery temperature data. It provides an in-depth discussion of the novel features constructed from different voltage intervals. Moreover, three combinations of features were analyzed, demonstrating how their efficacy changes across different voltage ranges. Successful results were obtained using the full discharge capacity curves, built from the full interval of 2 to 3.4 V and achieving a mean R2 value of 0.962 for the test set, thus showcasing the adequacy of the selected SVR strategy. Finally, the features constructed from the full voltage range were compared with ones built from 10 small voltage ranges. Similar success was observed, evidenced by a mean R2 value ranging between 0.939 and 0.973 across different voltage ranges. This indicates the practical applicability of the developed models in real-world scenarios. The tuning and evaluation of the proposed models were carried out using a substantial dataset created by Toyota, consisting of 124 lithium iron phosphate batteries.
{"title":"State of Health Estimation Procedure for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Partial Discharge Data and Support Vector Regression","authors":"E. Petkovski, Iacopo Marri, L. Cristaldi, M. Faifer","doi":"10.3390/en17010206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010206","url":null,"abstract":"Battery aging is a complex phenomenon, and precise state of health (SoH) monitoring is essential for effective battery management. This paper presents a data-driven method for SoH estimation based on support vector regression (SVR), utilizing features built from both full and partial discharge capacity curves, as well as battery temperature data. It provides an in-depth discussion of the novel features constructed from different voltage intervals. Moreover, three combinations of features were analyzed, demonstrating how their efficacy changes across different voltage ranges. Successful results were obtained using the full discharge capacity curves, built from the full interval of 2 to 3.4 V and achieving a mean R2 value of 0.962 for the test set, thus showcasing the adequacy of the selected SVR strategy. Finally, the features constructed from the full voltage range were compared with ones built from 10 small voltage ranges. Similar success was observed, evidenced by a mean R2 value ranging between 0.939 and 0.973 across different voltage ranges. This indicates the practical applicability of the developed models in real-world scenarios. The tuning and evaluation of the proposed models were carried out using a substantial dataset created by Toyota, consisting of 124 lithium iron phosphate batteries.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao-yan Zhang, Ziyi Han, Lang Liu, Xiang Xia, Qingjiang Liu, Yiran Duan, Xuan Wang
Based on phase-change heat storage backfill, paraffin microcapsules were selected as the phase change material and were directly mixed with backfill materials for preparing backfill specimens. The mechanical and thermal properties of specimens with different paraffin percentages and slurry concentrations were tested and analyzed. The results show that compressive strength gradually decreases with an increasing paraffin percentage while it significantly increases with increasing slurry concentration, thermal conductivity decreases with increasing paraffin percentage and specific heat capacity increases with an increasing paraffin percentage and slurry concentration. For a paraffin percentage from 0% to 10%, compressive strength decreases by an average of 22.5%, thermal conductivity decreases by an average of 43.8% and specific heat capacity increases by an average of 8.7% at a phase-change temperature of 30 °C. For a slurry concentration from 68% to 72%, compressive strength increases by an average of 4.12 times, and specific heat capacity increases by an average of 3.5% at a phase-change temperature of 30 °C. The weakening effect of phase-change materials on compressive strength can be effectively improved by the increase of slurry concentration, and the increases of paraffin percentage and slurry concentration can both improve the sensible heat storage capacity of backfill materials.
在相变蓄热回填的基础上，选择石蜡微胶囊作为相变材料，并直接与回填材料混合，制备回填试件。测试并分析了不同石蜡比例和浆液浓度下试样的力学性能和热性能。结果表明，随着石蜡比例的增加，抗压强度逐渐降低，而随着泥浆浓度的增加，抗压强度显著增加；随着石蜡比例的增加，导热系数降低，而随着石蜡比例和泥浆浓度的增加，比热容增加。在相变温度为 30 °C 时，石蜡比例从 0% 到 10%，抗压强度平均降低 22.5%，导热系数平均降低 43.8%，比热容平均增加 8.7%。浆料浓度从 68% 增加到 72% 时，抗压强度平均增加 4.12 倍，比热容在相变温度 30 °C 时平均增加 3.5%。浆液浓度的增加可有效改善相变材料对抗压强度的削弱作用，而石蜡比例和浆液浓度的增加均可提高回填材料的显热储存能力。
{"title":"Experimental Study on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Backfill Body with Paraffin Added","authors":"Xiao-yan Zhang, Ziyi Han, Lang Liu, Xiang Xia, Qingjiang Liu, Yiran Duan, Xuan Wang","doi":"10.3390/en17010217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010217","url":null,"abstract":"Based on phase-change heat storage backfill, paraffin microcapsules were selected as the phase change material and were directly mixed with backfill materials for preparing backfill specimens. The mechanical and thermal properties of specimens with different paraffin percentages and slurry concentrations were tested and analyzed. The results show that compressive strength gradually decreases with an increasing paraffin percentage while it significantly increases with increasing slurry concentration, thermal conductivity decreases with increasing paraffin percentage and specific heat capacity increases with an increasing paraffin percentage and slurry concentration. For a paraffin percentage from 0% to 10%, compressive strength decreases by an average of 22.5%, thermal conductivity decreases by an average of 43.8% and specific heat capacity increases by an average of 8.7% at a phase-change temperature of 30 °C. For a slurry concentration from 68% to 72%, compressive strength increases by an average of 4.12 times, and specific heat capacity increases by an average of 3.5% at a phase-change temperature of 30 °C. The weakening effect of phase-change materials on compressive strength can be effectively improved by the increase of slurry concentration, and the increases of paraffin percentage and slurry concentration can both improve the sensible heat storage capacity of backfill materials.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This text mining study delves into the multifaceted contributions of the energy sector to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By analyzing 363 papers, we uncover key themes, trends, and challenges shaping the intersection of energy and sustainability. The findings reveal that the energy sector plays a pivotal role in achieving SDGs such as affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and climate action (SDG 13). Critical issues encompass governance, policy frameworks, and technological innovations. This research underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and holistic approaches in addressing complex energy-related sustainability challenges. The insights derived here provide guidance to policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders seeking to harness the energy sector’s potential for a more sustainable and equitable future.
{"title":"The Role of the Energy Sector in Contributing to Sustainability Development Goals: A Text Mining Analysis of Literature","authors":"L. Carvalho, Márcia R. C. Santos","doi":"10.3390/en17010208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010208","url":null,"abstract":"This text mining study delves into the multifaceted contributions of the energy sector to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By analyzing 363 papers, we uncover key themes, trends, and challenges shaping the intersection of energy and sustainability. The findings reveal that the energy sector plays a pivotal role in achieving SDGs such as affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and climate action (SDG 13). Critical issues encompass governance, policy frameworks, and technological innovations. This research underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and holistic approaches in addressing complex energy-related sustainability challenges. The insights derived here provide guidance to policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders seeking to harness the energy sector’s potential for a more sustainable and equitable future.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Muhsen, Mohammed Al-Mahmodi, Rashed Tarawneh, Asma Alkhraibat, A. Al-Halhouli
Green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies hold significant potential in the global energy transition towards net-zero emissions. This is attributed to the premise that these technologies can decarbonize numerous sectors worldwide by providing versatile and sustainable energy carriers and industrial feedstocks to replace fossil-based fuels and chemicals. To this end, the qualitative benefits of green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies have been thoroughly examined for various applications in past years. In contrast, quantifying the potential penetration of such technologies on national and global levels still requires extensive research. Therefore, this paper investigates the prospective integration of green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies within Jordanian industries, considering their quantitative utilization potential for current and future capacities. The findings showed that the Jordanian food processing and heavy industries emerged as major sectors with substantial potential for incorporating green hydrogen and power-to-X products as alternative fuels or chemical feedstocks. In detail, the total potential utilization capacity for these sectors stood at around 57 thousand tons per year. Specifically, fertilizers production, cement industry, steel reforming, and oil refinery possess an annual potential capacity of around 6.8, 11.8, 12.7, and 25.8 thousand tons, respectively. It is also worth mentioning that the current utilization capacity of hydrogen in Jordanian industries was found to be around 8.9 thousand tons per annum, which is completely covered by fossil-based hydrogen to date. These results imply that there will be a promising market for green hydrogen and power-to-X utilization in Jordanian industries, which will play a significant role in integrated energy transition efforts in the future.
在全球能源向净零排放过渡的过程中，绿色氢能和电力转化 X 技术具有巨大的潜力。其前提是，这些技术可以提供多功能、可持续的能源载体和工业原料，取代化石燃料和化学品，从而使全球众多行业实现脱碳。为此，在过去几年中，绿色氢能和电力转化 X 技术的质量效益已在各种应用中得到了深入研究。相比之下，量化此类技术在国家和全球层面的潜在渗透率仍需要广泛的研究。因此，本文研究了绿色氢能和电力转换 X 技术在约旦工业中的整合前景，并考虑了其对当前和未来产能的量化利用潜力。研究结果表明，约旦的食品加工业和重工业是具有巨大潜力的主要行业，可将绿色氢能和 "电转X "产品作为替代燃料或化学原料。具体而言，这些行业的总潜在利用能力约为每年 5.7 万吨。具体而言，化肥生产、水泥工业、钢铁重整和炼油厂的潜在年产能分别约为 6.8 吨、11.8 吨、12.7 吨和 25.8 吨。值得一提的是，约旦工业目前的氢气利用能力约为每年 890 万吨，迄今为止完全由化石氢气覆盖。这些结果表明，在约旦工业中利用绿色氢气和电转氢将会有一个前景广阔的市场，这将在未来的综合能源转型工作中发挥重要作用。
{"title":"The Potential of Green Hydrogen and Power-to-X Utilization in Jordanian Industries: Opportunities and Future Prospects","authors":"H. Muhsen, Mohammed Al-Mahmodi, Rashed Tarawneh, Asma Alkhraibat, A. Al-Halhouli","doi":"10.3390/en17010213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010213","url":null,"abstract":"Green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies hold significant potential in the global energy transition towards net-zero emissions. This is attributed to the premise that these technologies can decarbonize numerous sectors worldwide by providing versatile and sustainable energy carriers and industrial feedstocks to replace fossil-based fuels and chemicals. To this end, the qualitative benefits of green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies have been thoroughly examined for various applications in past years. In contrast, quantifying the potential penetration of such technologies on national and global levels still requires extensive research. Therefore, this paper investigates the prospective integration of green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies within Jordanian industries, considering their quantitative utilization potential for current and future capacities. The findings showed that the Jordanian food processing and heavy industries emerged as major sectors with substantial potential for incorporating green hydrogen and power-to-X products as alternative fuels or chemical feedstocks. In detail, the total potential utilization capacity for these sectors stood at around 57 thousand tons per year. Specifically, fertilizers production, cement industry, steel reforming, and oil refinery possess an annual potential capacity of around 6.8, 11.8, 12.7, and 25.8 thousand tons, respectively. It is also worth mentioning that the current utilization capacity of hydrogen in Jordanian industries was found to be around 8.9 thousand tons per annum, which is completely covered by fossil-based hydrogen to date. These results imply that there will be a promising market for green hydrogen and power-to-X utilization in Jordanian industries, which will play a significant role in integrated energy transition efforts in the future.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inese Mavlutova, D. Atstāja, Sandra Gusta, J. Hermanis
This study aims to investigate to what extent the construction and demolition waste generated by households is managed by the principles of circularity and to identify the main influencing factors in the behavior of households regarding the circularity-based management of construction waste in Latvia. The current research presents principles of circularity of household-generated waste based on a systematic literature review, and the data obtained from a survey were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. This study clarifies the circular economy rationale for construction and demolition waste (CDW) management in Latvia and proposes further development to promote the achievement of sustainable development goals and increased energy efficiency. The results reveal that the observance of circular economy principles in construction and demolition waste management among Latvian households does not correspond to good circular economy practices due to attitudes toward environmental issues, expenses, and logistics; thus, compliance with these principles and legislation as well as closer cooperation between municipalities and households can promote significant economic benefits.
{"title":"Management of Household-Generated Construction and Demolition Waste: Circularity Principles and the Attitude of Latvian Residents","authors":"Inese Mavlutova, D. Atstāja, Sandra Gusta, J. Hermanis","doi":"10.3390/en17010205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010205","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate to what extent the construction and demolition waste generated by households is managed by the principles of circularity and to identify the main influencing factors in the behavior of households regarding the circularity-based management of construction waste in Latvia. The current research presents principles of circularity of household-generated waste based on a systematic literature review, and the data obtained from a survey were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. This study clarifies the circular economy rationale for construction and demolition waste (CDW) management in Latvia and proposes further development to promote the achievement of sustainable development goals and increased energy efficiency. The results reveal that the observance of circular economy principles in construction and demolition waste management among Latvian households does not correspond to good circular economy practices due to attitudes toward environmental issues, expenses, and logistics; thus, compliance with these principles and legislation as well as closer cooperation between municipalities and households can promote significant economic benefits.","PeriodicalId":11557,"journal":{"name":"Energies","volume":" 81","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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