Pub Date : 2019-08-02DOI: 10.12816/EJZ.2019.13977.1011
S. Harras, Rasha Elmahy
Studies on parasitic nematode infection in lizards are rare, and the available literature on their accurate morphological description especially by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present work isto identify new records of nematode parasites infecting Agamidae lizards, which are widely distributed in North and South Sinai; this entails giving a full morphological picture using light microscopy and SEM. Seventeen samples of Trapelus mutabilisand ten samples of Pseudotrapelus sinaitus (collected from North and South Sinai) were dissected and examined for their nematode parasitic infection. Adult nematodes were collected from the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine, identified, and fully described using light microscopy and SEM. Abbreviata leptosoma was collected for the first time from Egyptian T. mutabilis and P. sinaitus in a prevalence of 11.8% and 30.0% with mean intensity ± standard deviation equals 8.5±7.8 and 4.3±3.2, respectively. A. leptosoma was identified based on the morphological characteristics of both male and female including the cephalic denticulation with 5-8 elements between submedian teeth and lateral tooth, absence of denticulate crest at the dorsal and ventral angles of the mouth, presences of two branched uteri and very unequal dissimilar spicules. The study gives a full SEM description of A. leptosoma.Thus,North and South Sinai are considered as new geographical localities for A. leptosoma infecting Agamidae lizards.
{"title":"NEW RECORD OF ABBREVIATA LEPTOSOMA GERVAIS, 1848 (SPIRURIDA: PHYSALOPTERIDAE) INFECTION IN TWO SPECIES OF LIZARDS IN NORTH AND SOUTH SINAI, EGYPT","authors":"S. Harras, Rasha Elmahy","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.13977.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.13977.1011","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on parasitic nematode infection in lizards are rare, and the available literature on their accurate morphological description especially by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present work isto identify new records of nematode parasites infecting Agamidae lizards, which are widely distributed in North and South Sinai; this entails giving a full morphological picture using light microscopy and SEM. Seventeen samples of Trapelus mutabilisand ten samples of Pseudotrapelus sinaitus (collected from North and South Sinai) were dissected and examined for their nematode parasitic infection. Adult nematodes were collected from the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine, identified, and fully described using light microscopy and SEM. Abbreviata leptosoma was collected for the first time from Egyptian T. mutabilis and P. sinaitus in a prevalence of 11.8% and 30.0% with mean intensity ± standard deviation equals 8.5±7.8 and 4.3±3.2, respectively. A. leptosoma was identified based on the morphological characteristics of both male and female including the cephalic denticulation with 5-8 elements between submedian teeth and lateral tooth, absence of denticulate crest at the dorsal and ventral angles of the mouth, presences of two branched uteri and very unequal dissimilar spicules. The study gives a full SEM description of A. leptosoma.Thus,North and South Sinai are considered as new geographical localities for A. leptosoma infecting Agamidae lizards.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75880371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.12816/EJZ.2019.10515.1007
A. El-Maksoud, A. Marwa
Kidney disorders are common complications of uncontrolled diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (snake melon or faqqous) leaves extract in three different doses (30, 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight) for 30 consecutive days on renal damage and inflammation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male albino rats (single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg STZ/kg body weight). The results showed that the snake melon leaves extract induced a significant decrease in the plasma level of the kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the diabetic rats. In addition, the snake melon leaves extract caused a significant decrease in the levels of the renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and caspase-3 of the diabetic rats. On the other hand, renal catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as renal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level, were elevated significantly in the diabetic rats treated only with 60 mg or 120 mg of the snake melon leaves extract/kg body weight (compared with the diabetic control rats). In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that the snake melon leaves extracts have a potential and effective role in inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic rats.
{"title":"EFFECT OF CUCUMIS MELO VAR. FLEXUOSUS LEAVES EXTRACT ON RENAL OXIDATIVE INJURY AND INFLAMMATION IN DIABETIC MALE ALBINO RATS","authors":"A. El-Maksoud, A. Marwa","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.10515.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.10515.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney disorders are common complications of uncontrolled diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (snake melon or faqqous) leaves extract in three different doses (30, 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight) for 30 consecutive days on renal damage and inflammation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male albino rats (single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg STZ/kg body weight). The results showed that the snake melon leaves extract induced a significant decrease in the plasma level of the kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the diabetic rats. In addition, the snake melon leaves extract caused a significant decrease in the levels of the renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and caspase-3 of the diabetic rats. On the other hand, renal catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as renal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level, were elevated significantly in the diabetic rats treated only with 60 mg or 120 mg of the snake melon leaves extract/kg body weight (compared with the diabetic control rats). In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that the snake melon leaves extracts have a potential and effective role in inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"64 1","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88219433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.12816/EJZ.2019.11225.1008
Aziza El-Shafey, M. El-Maksoud, Doaa S. Ibrahim
Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (L.), snake melon or faqqous, is an ancient plant crop in many different parts of the world. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of faqqous leaves extract on some blood respiratory functions in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty five male albino rats were used in the current study and randomly divided into five groups: non-diabetic control group, diabetic control group (received a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg STZ/kg body weight), and other three diabetic groups treated orally with different doses of faqqous leaves extract (30, 60 or 120 mg/kg body weight) for 30 consecutive days. Induction of diabetes by STZ caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in most venous blood parameters including hemoglobin (Hb) content, hematocrit (Hct) value, oxygen partial pressure (PO2), percentage of O2 saturation (% O2), carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2), and the concentrations of bicarbonate (HCO3-), total CO2, and base excess (BE-), as well as the logarithm of hydrogen ion (pH) of the arterial blood. Faqqous leaves extract (especially at 120 mg/kg body weight) modulated significantly almost all these changes in the blood of diabetic rats. Oxygen dissociation curve (ODC) shifted to the left in the diabetic control group compared with the non-diabetic control one; but shifted to the right in the diabetic groups treated withfaqqous leaves extract. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of faqqousleaves extract improved significantly the blood respiratory functions of diabetic rats.
{"title":"BLOOD RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC MALE ALBINO RATS TREATED WITH CUCUMIS MELO VAR. FLEXUOSUS LEAVES EXTRACT","authors":"Aziza El-Shafey, M. El-Maksoud, Doaa S. Ibrahim","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.11225.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.11225.1008","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (L.), snake melon or faqqous, is an ancient plant crop in many different parts of the world. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of faqqous leaves extract on some blood respiratory functions in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty five male albino rats were used in the current study and randomly divided into five groups: non-diabetic control group, diabetic control group (received a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg STZ/kg body weight), and other three diabetic groups treated orally with different doses of faqqous leaves extract (30, 60 or 120 mg/kg body weight) for 30 consecutive days. Induction of diabetes by STZ caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in most venous blood parameters including hemoglobin (Hb) content, hematocrit (Hct) value, oxygen partial pressure (PO2), percentage of O2 saturation (% O2), carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2), and the concentrations of bicarbonate (HCO3-), total CO2, and base excess (BE-), as well as the logarithm of hydrogen ion (pH) of the arterial blood. Faqqous leaves extract (especially at 120 mg/kg body weight) modulated significantly almost all these changes in the blood of diabetic rats. Oxygen dissociation curve (ODC) shifted to the left in the diabetic control group compared with the non-diabetic control one; but shifted to the right in the diabetic groups treated withfaqqous leaves extract. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of faqqousleaves extract improved significantly the blood respiratory functions of diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86124585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an effective immunosuppressor agent, which is used in preventing graft rejection and in treating autoimmune diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) against CsA-induced renal toxicity in male albino rats. Animals were divided into six groups, each of seven rats: the 1st group was used as a control, the 2nd group received a subcutaneous injection of slightly alkaline solution, the 3rd group received orally olive oil, the 4th group was injected subcutaneously with EA (10 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in slightly alkaline solution), the 5th group was orally treated with CsA (15 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in olive oil), and the 6th group was treated simultaneously with CsA and EA, daily for 30 days. The results indicated that CsA induced a significant increase in renal lipid peroxidation and a significant decrease in renal catalase and peroxidase activities, and reduced glutathione concentration. Histopathological changes of the renal cortex region of CsA-administrated rats revealed vacuolated cytoplasm of the epithelial cells and fibrosis, while the renal medullary region showed tubular calcification or casts, and damaged collecting tubules. Ultrastructural changes included marked degeneration of glomeruli, multiple cytoplasmic vacuoles of the cuboidal epithelial cells, thickened basal lamina, and sparse short microvilli of the proximal tubules. Treatment with EA simultaneously with CsA resulted in a significant alleviation of the renal histopathological and ultrastructural changes, and oxidative stress. Thus, it is recommended to use EA to alleviate CsA-induced renal toxicity due to its antioxidant effects.
环孢素A (Cyclosporine A, CsA)是一种有效的免疫抑制剂，用于预防移植物排斥反应和治疗自身免疫性疾病。本研究旨在探讨鞣花酸(EA)对csa诱导的雄性白化大鼠肾毒性的保护作用。动物被分成六组，每组7只大鼠:以第一组为对照，第二组皮下注射微碱性溶液，第三组口服橄榄油，第四组皮下注射EA (10 mg/kg体重，溶解于微碱性溶液中)，第五组口服CsA (15 mg/kg体重，溶解于橄榄油中)，第六组同时给予CsA和EA，每日30 d。结果表明，CsA诱导大鼠肾脂质过氧化水平显著升高，过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性显著降低，谷胱甘肽浓度降低。csa给药大鼠肾皮质区上皮细胞胞浆呈空泡化，呈纤维化，肾髓质区小管钙化或铸型，集小管受损。超微结构变化包括肾小球明显变性，立方体上皮细胞出现多个细胞质空泡，基底层增厚，近端小管微绒毛稀疏。EA与CsA同时治疗可显著减轻肾组织病理和超微结构变化以及氧化应激。因此，由于EA的抗氧化作用，建议使用EA来减轻csa引起的肾毒性。
{"title":"PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ELLAGIC ACID AGAINST CYCLOSPORINE A-INDUCED RENAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES, AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN MALE ALBINO RATS","authors":"S. R. Galaly, Manal Abdul-Hamid, R. Ahmed","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.36886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.36886","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an effective immunosuppressor agent, which is used in preventing graft rejection and in treating autoimmune diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) against CsA-induced renal toxicity in male albino rats. Animals were divided into six groups, each of seven rats: the 1st group was used as a control, the 2nd group received a subcutaneous injection of slightly alkaline solution, the 3rd group received orally olive oil, the 4th group was injected subcutaneously with EA (10 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in slightly alkaline solution), the 5th group was orally treated with CsA (15 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in olive oil), and the 6th group was treated simultaneously with CsA and EA, daily for 30 days. The results indicated that CsA induced a significant increase in renal lipid peroxidation and a significant decrease in renal catalase and peroxidase activities, and reduced glutathione concentration. Histopathological changes of the renal cortex region of CsA-administrated rats revealed vacuolated cytoplasm of the epithelial cells and fibrosis, while the renal medullary region showed tubular calcification or casts, and damaged collecting tubules. Ultrastructural changes included marked degeneration of glomeruli, multiple cytoplasmic vacuoles of the cuboidal epithelial cells, thickened basal lamina, and sparse short microvilli of the proximal tubules. Treatment with EA simultaneously with CsA resulted in a significant alleviation of the renal histopathological and ultrastructural changes, and oxidative stress. Thus, it is recommended to use EA to alleviate CsA-induced renal toxicity due to its antioxidant effects.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76821179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adel A. El Bagoury, Hala El-Tantawi, S. El-Naggar, Amel M. Kwilla, Amal M. Khalaf
Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is highly toxic for the different body organs, including the liver. The current study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of virgin coconut oil (VCO) and lauric acid (LA) in presence/absence of a chemotherapy drug “5-fluorouracil (5-FU)” against the hepatoxicity induced by DMH in male rats (Rattus norvegicus). Ninety rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 10). (G1) control group; (G2) rats received 4 mL VCO/kg body weight (b.wt) , orally/day after day for six weeks starting from week 13; (G3) rats received LA (200 mg/kg b.wt), orally/day after day for six weeks as in G2; (G4) rats were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with DMH (20 mg/kg b.wt), once/week for the first six weeks; (G5) rats received DMH as in G4 and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with 5-FU (75 mg/kg b.wt), once/week starting from week 13 for three successive weeks; (G6) rats received DMH and VCO as in G4 and G2, respectively; (G7) rats received DMH and LA as in G4 and G3, respectively; (G8) rats received DMH, 5-FU, and VCO as in G4, G5, and G2, respectively; (G9) rats received DMH, 5-FU, and LA as in G4, G5, and G3, respectively. The results showed that DMH injection caused oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in the liver tissue, as well as dyslipidaemia. However, treatment of male rats with VCO or LA in presence/absence of 5-FU reduced significantly the DMH-induced hepatotoxicity.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL AND LAURIC ACID “WITH OR WITHOUT 5-FLUOROURACIL” ON DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN MALE RATS","authors":"Adel A. El Bagoury, Hala El-Tantawi, S. El-Naggar, Amel M. Kwilla, Amal M. Khalaf","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.63568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.63568","url":null,"abstract":"Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is highly toxic for the different body organs, including the liver. The current study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of virgin coconut oil (VCO) and lauric acid (LA) in presence/absence of a chemotherapy drug “5-fluorouracil (5-FU)” against the hepatoxicity induced by DMH in male rats (Rattus norvegicus). Ninety rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 10). (G1) control group; (G2) rats received 4 mL VCO/kg body weight (b.wt) , orally/day after day for six weeks starting from week 13; (G3) rats received LA (200 mg/kg b.wt), orally/day after day for six weeks as in G2; (G4) rats were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with DMH (20 mg/kg b.wt), once/week for the first six weeks; (G5) rats received DMH as in G4 and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with 5-FU (75 mg/kg b.wt), once/week starting from week 13 for three successive weeks; (G6) rats received DMH and VCO as in G4 and G2, respectively; (G7) rats received DMH and LA as in G4 and G3, respectively; (G8) rats received DMH, 5-FU, and VCO as in G4, G5, and G2, respectively; (G9) rats received DMH, 5-FU, and LA as in G4, G5, and G3, respectively. The results showed that DMH injection caused oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in the liver tissue, as well as dyslipidaemia. However, treatment of male rats with VCO or LA in presence/absence of 5-FU reduced significantly the DMH-induced hepatotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90986003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.21608/ejz.2019.10515.1007
Marwa A. E. Abd El-Maksoud
{"title":"EFFECT OF CUCUMIS MELO VAR. FLEXUOSUS LEAVES EXTRACT ON RENAL OXIDATIVE INJURY AND INFLAMMATION IN DIABETIC MALE ALBINO RATS","authors":"Marwa A. E. Abd El-Maksoud","doi":"10.21608/ejz.2019.10515.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejz.2019.10515.1007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85227029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ahmed, Manal Abdul-Hamid, S. R. Galaly, H. M. Hamdalla
The safety of using monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a food flavour enhancer has generated much controversy locally and globally. Quercetin (QU), a natural compound of multiple origins, has broad biopharmacological effects as an antioxidant and a hepatoprotective substance. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the modulatory effect of oral doses of QU on the microscopic liver changes and liver oxidative stress induced by MSG. Thirty male albino rats were divided into five groups, each of six rats: group I received distilled water, group II received corn oil, group III was administered QU (14 mg/kg body weight), group IV was treated with aqueous MSG (15 mg/kg body weight), and group V was given MSG (15 mg/kg body weight) simultaneously with QU (14 mg/kg body weight), orally and daily for 30 days. Numerous deleterious histological and ultrastructural changes were induced by MSG in concomitant with a significant increase in the activities of serum aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and the level of hepatic lipid peroxidation, while decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration were also recorded. QU administration amended the liver histological lesions and ultrastructural changes induced by MSG via decreasing significantly the level of hepatic lipid peroxidation and the leakage of serum aminotransferases, and improving the hepatic antioxidant defence system. In conclusion, QU showed a hepatoprotective activity against the potential toxicity of MSG food flavour.
{"title":"MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE-INDUCED LIVER MICROSCOPIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN MALE RATS, AND THE POSSIBLE AMENDMENT OF QUERCETIN","authors":"R. Ahmed, Manal Abdul-Hamid, S. R. Galaly, H. M. Hamdalla","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.37158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.37158","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of using monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a food flavour enhancer has generated much controversy locally and globally. Quercetin (QU), a natural compound of multiple origins, has broad biopharmacological effects as an antioxidant and a hepatoprotective substance. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the modulatory effect of oral doses of QU on the microscopic liver changes and liver oxidative stress induced by MSG. Thirty male albino rats were divided into five groups, each of six rats: group I received distilled water, group II received corn oil, group III was administered QU (14 mg/kg body weight), group IV was treated with aqueous MSG (15 mg/kg body weight), and group V was given MSG (15 mg/kg body weight) simultaneously with QU (14 mg/kg body weight), orally and daily for 30 days. Numerous deleterious histological and ultrastructural changes were induced by MSG in concomitant with a significant increase in the activities of serum aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and the level of hepatic lipid peroxidation, while decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration were also recorded. QU administration amended the liver histological lesions and ultrastructural changes induced by MSG via decreasing significantly the level of hepatic lipid peroxidation and the leakage of serum aminotransferases, and improving the hepatic antioxidant defence system. In conclusion, QU showed a hepatoprotective activity against the potential toxicity of MSG food flavour.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79078211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.12816/EJZ.2019.9821.1006
A. A. Kinawy
The widely existence of aluminum and fluoride in the environment makes the exposure to these pollutants unavoidable. Few studies reported the toxic impact of these pollutants "separately" on the neurotransmitters involved in the cognitive behavior of rodent offspring. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of these pollutants "together" on the amino acid neurotransmitters of different brain regions (cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus) and the learning ability of male rat offspring. The rat offspring were exposed to deionized water containing 0.5 g AlCl3/L, 0.15 g NaF/L, or their combination throughout the prenatal period of brain growth in the uterus (via the placenta) and the postnatal period until 70 days old (via lactation and drinking water). The results indicated that the levels of most excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters were significantly affected in the three brain regions of exposed male offspring to AlCl3 and/or NaF, as compared with the control male offspring. In addition, the learning ability was more affected in the male offspring exposed to AlCl3 plus NaF, a finding that indicates a synergistic effect. The alteration in the learning ability of rat offspring exposed to AlCl3 plus NaF was concomitant with the increase in the cerebral cortical glycine, hypothalamic and hippocampal γ-aminobutyric acid, and hippocampal glutamate. In conclusion, administration of the AlCl3 plus NaF was more neurotoxic than each salt alone.
铝和氟化物在环境中的广泛存在使得接触这些污染物是不可避免的。很少有研究报道这些污染物“单独”对啮齿动物后代认知行为中涉及的神经递质的毒性影响。本研究旨在评估这些污染物“一起”对雄性大鼠后代大脑不同区域(大脑皮层、下丘脑和海马)氨基酸神经递质的潜在影响。在产前子宫内(通过胎盘)和产后(通过哺乳和饮用水)大脑发育期间，将大鼠后代暴露于含有0.5 g AlCl3/L、0.15 g NaF/L或其组合的去离子水中。结果表明，与对照组相比，暴露于AlCl3和/或NaF的雄性后代的三个脑区中大多数兴奋性和抑制性氨基酸神经递质水平受到显著影响。此外，暴露于AlCl3 + NaF的雄性后代的学习能力受到更大的影响，这一发现表明了协同效应。AlCl3 + NaF暴露大鼠后代学习能力的改变伴随着大脑皮质甘氨酸、下丘脑和海马γ-氨基丁酸以及海马谷氨酸的增加。综上所述，AlCl3加NaF比单独使用每种盐更具有神经毒性。
{"title":"EFFECTS OF DRINKING WATER CONTAINING ALUMINUM AND FLUORIDE SALTS ON THE LEARNING BEHAVIOR AND BRAIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS OF MALE RAT OFFSPRING","authors":"A. A. Kinawy","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2019.9821.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2019.9821.1006","url":null,"abstract":"The widely existence of aluminum and fluoride in the environment makes the exposure to these pollutants unavoidable. Few studies reported the toxic impact of these pollutants \"separately\" on the neurotransmitters involved in the cognitive behavior of rodent offspring. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of these pollutants \"together\" on the amino acid neurotransmitters of different brain regions (cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus) and the learning ability of male rat offspring. The rat offspring were exposed to deionized water containing 0.5 g AlCl3/L, 0.15 g NaF/L, or their combination throughout the prenatal period of brain growth in the uterus (via the placenta) and the postnatal period until 70 days old (via lactation and drinking water). The results indicated that the levels of most excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters were significantly affected in the three brain regions of exposed male offspring to AlCl3 and/or NaF, as compared with the control male offspring. In addition, the learning ability was more affected in the male offspring exposed to AlCl3 plus NaF, a finding that indicates a synergistic effect. The alteration in the learning ability of rat offspring exposed to AlCl3 plus NaF was concomitant with the increase in the cerebral cortical glycine, hypothalamic and hippocampal γ-aminobutyric acid, and hippocampal glutamate. In conclusion, administration of the AlCl3 plus NaF was more neurotoxic than each salt alone.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84794199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Production and usage of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have widely increased over the last years. Nanoparticles with their sizes below 100 nm are able to enter and be stored in organs (such as liver, lung, testes and brain) and caused toxic effects. The aim of the present study is to investigate the MWCNTs toxicity, if any, on liver tissue. A total number of fifteen male albino rats were used in the present study; five rats as control and ten rats were intravenous injected with a single dose of MWCNTs (30 mg/ kg body weight, 20-50 nm in diameter and 1 µm in length). Histopatholgical, histochemical, apoptotic, necrotic and ultra-structure studies were carried out in the present work. The results showed different histopathological changes on liver tissues of MWCNTs-treated rats, such as focal hepatic necrosis with inflammatory cells infiltration, hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes, and some increases in collagen fibers deposition in the portal area after 28 days of MWCNTs injection. High appearance of necrotic and apoptotic cells was also noticed. Ultrastructure study of liver tissue of rats treated with MWCNTs showed abnormal hepatocytes with irregular nuclear envelope and nuclear chromatin material, swollen and fused mitochondria with destructed cristae, lysis of some cytoplasmic organelles and rupture of the endoplasmic reticulum. Shrunken nucleus and abundance of vacuoles and lysosome were also observed in the hepatocytes. It could be concluded that MWCNTs have a toxic effect on liver tissue and hepatocytes of rats.
{"title":"THE TOXIC EFFECT OF MULTI WALL CARBON NANOTUBES ON SWISS ALBINO RAT","authors":"S. El-sayed, Neamat H Ahmed, K. Ahmed, A. Issa","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2018.26954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2018.26954","url":null,"abstract":"Production and usage of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have widely increased over the last years. Nanoparticles with their sizes below 100 nm are able to enter and be stored in organs (such as liver, lung, testes and brain) and caused toxic effects. The aim of the present study is to investigate the MWCNTs toxicity, if any, on liver tissue. A total number of fifteen male albino rats were used in the present study; five rats as control and ten rats were intravenous injected with a single dose of MWCNTs (30 mg/ kg body weight, 20-50 nm in diameter and 1 µm in length). Histopatholgical, histochemical, apoptotic, necrotic and ultra-structure studies were carried out in the present work. The results showed different histopathological changes on liver tissues of MWCNTs-treated rats, such as focal hepatic necrosis with inflammatory cells infiltration, hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes, and some increases in collagen fibers deposition in the portal area after 28 days of MWCNTs injection. High appearance of necrotic and apoptotic cells was also noticed. Ultrastructure study of liver tissue of rats treated with MWCNTs showed abnormal hepatocytes with irregular nuclear envelope and nuclear chromatin material, swollen and fused mitochondria with destructed cristae, lysis of some cytoplasmic organelles and rupture of the endoplasmic reticulum. Shrunken nucleus and abundance of vacuoles and lysosome were also observed in the hepatocytes. It could be concluded that MWCNTs have a toxic effect on liver tissue and hepatocytes of rats.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77210609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of the present study is to give basic information required for managing sea bream, Diplodus sargus.Samples of the studied fish (7.0-34.7 cm total length and 15.5-833.2 g total weight), were collected from January, 2016 to December, 2016from Eastern Mediterranean, coast of North Sinai. The relationship between length and weight was estimated as W = 0.0244*L2.98. Age was determined by otolith, where age groups I to V years were established. Growths in length at the end of each year were calculated as 13.44, 19.00, 23.81, 27.58 and 30.01 cm for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th year of life, respectively. The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy parameters were calculated as L∞= 40.06 cm, K = 0.2445 year-1 and t0 = -0.6711 years. Growth performance index φ′ = 2.59, as well mortality rates, were 0.7582, 0.3356 and 0.4226 yr−1 for total, natural and fishing mortality respectively. The currently exploitation rate was E = 0.56. The length and age at first capture (Lc) (Tc) were 17.7 cm and 1.7 years respectively. So, the current mesh size should be increased to maximize the length at first capture (Lc)to 22.7 cm, which achieve the highest yield per recruit at current fishing effort.
本研究的目的是提供管理鲷鱼所需的基本信息。所研究的鱼类样本(总长度7.0-34.7 cm，总重量15.5-833.2 g)于2016年1月至12月在北西奈海岸东地中海采集。体长与体重的关系估计为W = 0.0244*L2.98。年龄由耳石决定，其中建立了1至5岁年龄组。在1、2、3、4、5岁时，每年年末的长长分别为13.44、19.00、23.81、27.58和30.01 cm。von Bertalanffy参数的生长参数计算为L∞= 40.06 cm, K = 0.2445 year-1, t0 = -0.6711 year。总死亡率、自然死亡率和捕捞死亡率分别为0.7582、0.3356和0.4226 yr - 1，生长性能指数φ = 2.59。目前的开采率为E = 0.56。初捕体长(Lc)和初捕年龄(Tc)分别为17.7 cm和1.7年。因此，当前的网目尺寸应增加，以最大限度地提高首次捕获长度(Lc)至22.7厘米，这在当前的捕捞努力量下实现最高的每次捕捞产量。
{"title":"BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF WHITE SEA BREAM DIPLODUS SARGUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN, COAST OF NORTH SINAI, EGYPT","authors":"A. El-Aiatt, K. Shalloof","doi":"10.12816/EJZ.2018.27237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJZ.2018.27237","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the present study is to give basic information required for managing sea bream, Diplodus sargus.Samples of the studied fish (7.0-34.7 cm total length and 15.5-833.2 g total weight), were collected from January, 2016 to December, 2016from Eastern Mediterranean, coast of North Sinai. The relationship between length and weight was estimated as W = 0.0244*L2.98. Age was determined by otolith, where age groups I to V years were established. Growths in length at the end of each year were calculated as 13.44, 19.00, 23.81, 27.58 and 30.01 cm for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th year of life, respectively. The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy parameters were calculated as L∞= 40.06 cm, K = 0.2445 year-1 and t0 = -0.6711 years. Growth performance index φ′ = 2.59, as well mortality rates, were 0.7582, 0.3356 and 0.4226 yr−1 for total, natural and fishing mortality respectively. The currently exploitation rate was E = 0.56. The length and age at first capture (Lc) (Tc) were 17.7 cm and 1.7 years respectively. So, the current mesh size should be increased to maximize the length at first capture (Lc)to 22.7 cm, which achieve the highest yield per recruit at current fishing effort.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89848500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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